CN107691001A - A kind of method for improving peach graft survival rate - Google Patents
A kind of method for improving peach graft survival rate Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
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- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for improving peach graft survival rate, it is characterised in that including following aspect：（1）Branch selects, and using 45 years peach as elite stand, selects switch to carry out 30 ° of bilateral to bottom and cuts；（2）Scion is handled, and scion branch is immersed into germicidal solution respectively and growth promotion solution impregnates, is then immersed in plant extraction liquid and carries out magnetization immersion；（3）Stock processing, first stock is handled using carbendazim solution and growth promotion solution spraying respectively, then closed stock wound location using plant glue solution；（4）Grafting, the stock for removing integument is combined with scion, binding site sprayed using growth promotion solution and plant extraction liquid respectively, then using plant glue solution coating, and being wrapped up using gauze and preservative film repeatedly；（5）Daily management, during callus, covered, and poured with growth promotion solution and plant extraction liquid, sprinkling with plastic sheeting and sunshade net.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to peach planting technology field, and in particular to a kind of method for improving peach graft survival rate.
Background technology
Peach is the original fruit variety of China, its pattern is gorgeous, it is colourful there is very high ornamental value, it is green available for gardens
Change and use, and fruit is sweet and dilitious, juice is more, suitable various people eat.The principal item of peach includes nectarine, peento, longevity
Star peach, flowering peach, wherein nectarine and peento can affected cultivation of fruit tree, Prunus persica f. densa and flowering peach are for viewing and admiring.Containing abundant in fruit
Proteins,vitamins,minerals, the nutritional ingredient such as organic acid, have and promote intestinal absorption, body fluid acid-base balance and pre- anti-cancer
The effect of disease, and the peach gum secreted by peach, there is the effect of blood-breaking and blood, QI invigorating.Grafting is widely used in peach is planted
Method, its speed of growth is fast, and the cycle of bearing fruit is short, can reduce orchard worker's planting cost, and can also pass through engrafting method improved goods
Cold-resistant and drought tolerance in kind；But because traditional graft technology is simple, comprehensive consideration is not carried out to environmental factor, in grafting
Without sterilization processing, pathogenic bacteria can suppress to wound healing, and packaging method is simple, wound part easily occur the moisture absorption or
Phenomenon of losing water, wound can not normally heal, and survival rate is low after causing peach grafting.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problem of existing：Engrafting method is widely used in peach is planted, its speed of growth is fast, bears fruit week
Phase is short, can reduce orchard worker's planting cost, and resists cold in can also being improved the breed by engrafting method and drought tolerance；But by
It is simple in traditional graft technology, comprehensive consideration is not carried out to environmental factor, can be right without sterilization processing, pathogenic bacteria in grafting
Wound healing is suppressed, and packaging method is simple, and the moisture absorption or phenomenon of losing water easily occur for wound part, and wound can not be normally cured
Close, survival rate is low after causing peach grafting.To solve the above problems, the invention provides a kind of raising peach graft survival rate
Method.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of method for improving peach graft survival rate, comprises the following steps：
（1）Branch selects：Using 4-5 peach as elite stand, its growing power is vigorous, and shoot growth and differentiation capability are strong, selects switch
Length is 6-8cm, retains leaf bud at the 2-3 of top, and carries out 30 ° of bilateral to bottom and cut, and obtains scion branch；
（2）Scion is handled：By the advanced row sterilization processing of scion branch, pathogenic bacteria inhibitory action is reduced, then immerse growth promotion solution
25-30min is impregnated under the conditions of 34-38 DEG C, plant cell activity and differentiation capability is improved, is then immersed in plant extraction liquid
Row magnetization immersion, temperature is 32-35 DEG C, magnetic frequency 0.2-0.4MHz, time 42-46min, and Magnitizing method can improve plant
Nutrient absorption and cytoactive, and activated cell resistance ability, must soak scion branch；
（3）Stock processing：First stock is handled using carbendazim solution and growth promotion solution spraying respectively, then using natural plant gum
Liquid closes stock wound location, keeps plant cell greater activity, and its contain polysaccharide, amino acid, the battalion such as vitamin
Forming point can improve cell viability, and carry out double wrapped using preservative film；
（4）Grafting：The stock for removing integument is combined with scion, respectively using growth promotion solution and plant extraction liquid to combining
Position is sprayed, and have additional nutrients absorption and cytoactive, then using plant glue solution coating 2-3 times repeatedly, reuses dipping
The gauze wrapped of plant extraction liquid, antibacterial effect being improved, outermost layer wraps up 2 layers using preservative film, has moistureproof and mildewproof effect, its
Closed at upper opening using plant glue solution；
（5）Daily management：During callus, covered with plastic sheeting and sunshade net, and poured with growth promotion solution per 2-3 days
It is 1 time, continuous 3-4 times, poured, sprayed 1 time per 4-5 days using plant extraction liquid.
Step（2）Described sterilization processing, its bactericidal liquid are carbendazim solution, and its quality extension rate is 900 times.
Step（2）Described growth promotion solution, wherein gibberellin：Kinetin：Methyl α-naphthyl acetate quality proportioning is 3-4:1:0.5-
0.8, its mass concentration is 0.8%-1.2%.
Step（2）Described plant extraction liquid, its compound method are：
Garlic 12-15 parts, leaf of bamboo 10-13 parts, Folium Meliae 7-10 parts, purslane 11-14 parts, root of kudzu vine 9- are weighed according to quality meter part
12 parts, strawberry slag 6-9 parts, kiwi-fruit juice 5-8 parts, pomegranate seed 4-7 parts, mulberry leaf 3-6 parts, total matter is added after preparation raw material is crushed
The water of 8-10 times of amount, the mixed enzyme for first adding water quality 3%-4% stirs enzymolysis 2-3h at 26-30 DEG C, then in 73-77 DEG C of temperature
Lower boiling 2-3h, is concentrated into the 1/6 of original volume after filtering, plant extraction liquid is made；Described mixed enzyme, its cellulase：
Pectase quality proportioning is 1:1.
Step（3）Described plant glue solution, its compound method are：
Sterilized water 70-80 parts, monocrotaline 1-2 parts, wilfordine 1-2 parts, colchicin 0.2-0.4 are weighed according to quality meter part
Part, citric acid 7-9 parts, folic acid 6-8 parts, vitamin A 3-5 parts, magnesium chloride 0.3-0.6 parts, zinc chloride 0.3-0.5 parts, will respectively match somebody with somebody
Component in water processed is warming up to 52-55 DEG C after being stirred, and adds gross mass 6%-8% melon bean gum and its quality 4%-5%
Peach gum, plant glue solution is made after stirring and dissolving.
The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art：Branch selects, and its growing power of selection 4-5 age of trees peach is prosperous
Contain, shoot growth speed and differentiation capability are strong, and for scion, its branch lignifying structure is not yet formed using switch bar, with stock
Cellular rejection effect is low, and mutually fusion, the speed of growth are fast.Scion processing method, the suppression of pathogenic bacteria is first reduced using sterilization processing
Making and use, the composition such as it contains using growth promotion solution gibberellin, kinetin can improve cytoactive and differentiation capability, and
Different intercellular repulsive interactions are reduced, improve speed of wound healing and graft survival rate；The sterilization contained in plant extraction liquid
Composition, nutritional ingredient, organic acid etc. can improve the diseases and insect pests resistance and the speed of growth of scion, and magnetization treatment can improve plant
Infiltration of the nutrient solution to scion, plant cell activity and metaboilic level are improved, and improve the resistance ability of scion.Stock processing
Method, section is closed using plant glue solution, can lower moisture loss and microbial spoilage effect, keep plant cell compared with
High activity, and its polysaccharide for containing, amino acid, vitamins and other nutritious components can improve cell viability.Engrafting method, first use
Growth promotion solution and plant extraction liquid spray to junction, and have additional nutrients absorption and cytoactive, using plant glue solution to wound
Closing, its vegetalitas sterilization component contained can effectively reduce wound spoilage organisms and grow, and contain polysaccharide, alkaloid and
The compositions such as organic acid can improve cytoactive and degeneration-resistant effect, using enclosure method can mildew resistant moistureproof, improve peach grafting survival
Rate.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1：
A kind of method for improving peach graft survival rate, comprises the following steps：
（1）Branch selects：Using 4-5 peach as elite stand, its growing power is vigorous, and shoot growth and differentiation capability are strong, selects switch
Length is 6-8cm, retains leaf bud at the 2-3 of top, and carries out 30 ° of bilateral to bottom and cut, and obtains scion branch；
（2）Scion is handled：By the advanced row sterilization processing of scion branch, pathogenic bacteria inhibitory action is reduced, then immerse growth promotion solution
26min is impregnated under the conditions of 35 DEG C, plant cell activity and differentiation capability is improved, is then immersed in plant extraction liquid and is magnetized
Immersion, temperature are 33 DEG C, magnetic frequency 0.22MHz, time 43min, and Magnitizing method can improve plant nutrient absorption and cell
Activity, and activated cell resistance ability, must soak scion branch；
（3）Stock processing：First stock is handled using carbendazim solution and growth promotion solution spraying respectively, then using natural plant gum
Liquid closes stock wound location, keeps plant cell greater activity, and its contain polysaccharide, amino acid, the battalion such as vitamin
Forming point can improve cell viability, and carry out double wrapped using preservative film；
（4）Grafting：The stock for removing integument is combined with scion, respectively using growth promotion solution and plant extraction liquid to combining
Position is sprayed, and have additional nutrients absorption and cytoactive, then using plant glue solution coating 2 times repeatedly, is reused dipping and is planted
The gauze wrapped of thing extract solution, antibacterial effect is improved, outermost layer wraps up 2 layers using preservative film, has moistureproof and mildewproof effect, thereon
Portion's opening is closed using plant glue solution；
（5）Daily management：During callus, covered with plastic sheeting and sunshade net, and 1 is poured within every 2 days with growth promotion solution
It is secondary, continuous 3 times, poured within every 4 days, sprayed 1 time using plant extraction liquid.
Step（2）Described sterilization processing, its bactericidal liquid are carbendazim solution, and its quality extension rate is 900 times.
Step（2）Described growth promotion solution, wherein gibberellin：Kinetin：Methyl α-naphthyl acetate quality proportioning is 3:1:0.6, its
Mass concentration is 0.9%.
Step（2）Described plant extraction liquid, its compound method are：
13 parts of garlic, 11 parts of the leaf of bamboo, 8 parts of Folium Meliae, 12 parts of purslane, 10 parts of the root of kudzu vine, strawberry slag 7 are weighed according to quality meter part
Part, 6 parts of kiwi-fruit juice, 5 parts of pomegranate seed, 4 parts of mulberry leaf, the water of 8.5 times of gross mass is added after preparation raw material is crushed, first adds water
The mixed enzyme of quality 3.2% stirs enzymolysis 2.5h at 27 DEG C, and then the boiling 2.5h under 74 DEG C of temperature, substance is concentrated into after filtering
Long-pending 1/6, plant extraction liquid is made；Described mixed enzyme, its cellulase：Pectase quality proportioning is 1:1.
Step（3）Described plant glue solution, its compound method are：
73 parts of sterilized water, 1.1 parts of monocrotaline, 1.2 parts of wilfordine, 0.23 part of colchicin, lemon are weighed according to quality meter part
7.3 parts of lemon acid, 6.4 parts of folic acid, 3.2 parts of vitamin A, 0.4 part of magnesium chloride, 0.36 part of zinc chloride, each preparation composition is added into water
In be stirred after be warming up to 53 DEG C, the melon bean gum of gross mass 6.3% and the peach gum of its quality 4.3% are added, after stirring and dissolving
Plant glue solution is made.
Embodiment 2：
Compared with embodiment 1, step changes in the following areas the present embodiment 2：
Step（2）Described sterilization processing, its bactericidal liquid are carbendazim solution, and its quality extension rate is 900 times.
Step（2）Described growth promotion solution, wherein gibberellin：Kinetin：Methyl α-naphthyl acetate quality proportioning is 4:1:0.7, its
Mass concentration is 1.1%.
Step（2）Described plant extraction liquid, its compound method are：
14 parts of garlic, 12 parts of the leaf of bamboo, 9 parts of Folium Meliae, 13 parts of purslane, 11 parts of the root of kudzu vine, strawberry slag 8 are weighed according to quality meter part
Part, 7 parts of kiwi-fruit juice, 6 parts of pomegranate seed, 5 parts of mulberry leaf, the water of 9.5 times of gross mass is added after preparation raw material is crushed, first adds water
The mixed enzyme of quality 3.8% stirs enzymolysis 3h at 29 DEG C, and then the boiling 3h under 76 DEG C of temperature, original volume is concentrated into after filtering
1/6, plant extraction liquid is made；Described mixed enzyme, its cellulase：Pectase quality proportioning is 1:1.
Step（2）Described magnetization immersion, its parameter are：Temperature is 34 DEG C, magnetic frequency 0.36MHz, the time
45min。
Step（3）Described plant glue solution, its compound method are：
78 parts of sterilized water, 1.7 parts of monocrotaline, 1.8 parts of wilfordine, 0.35 part of colchicin, lemon are weighed according to quality meter part
8.2 parts of lemon acid, 7.4 parts of folic acid, 4.6 parts of vitamin A, 0.5 part of magnesium chloride, 0.45 part of zinc chloride, each preparation composition is added into water
In be stirred after be warming up to 54 DEG C, the melon bean gum of gross mass 7.4% and the peach gum of its quality 4.7% are added, after stirring and dissolving
Plant glue solution is made.
Contrast 1：
This contrast 1 does not carry out step compared with embodiment 1（1）Branch selects, and other steps are same as Example 1.
Contrast 2：
This contrast 2 does not carry out step compared with embodiment 1（2）Middle magnetization immersion, other steps are same as Example 1.
Contrast 3：
This contrast 3 does not carry out step compared with embodiment 2（3）Stock processing, other steps are same as Example 2.
Contrast 4：
This contrast 4 does not carry out step compared with embodiment 2（4）Middle engrafting method, other steps are same as Example 2.
Control group：
Control group to directly being wrapped up using plastic sheeting after peach grafting, be not used branch selection, magnetization immersion, stock processing,
Engrafting method.
To embodiment 1, embodiment 2, contrast 1, contrast 2, contrast 3, contrast 4 and control group experimental program, statistics peach is transferred
Connect rear survival rate, the speed of growth（3 months）With single yield（1st year）It is compared.
Experimental data：
| Project | Survival rate % | Speed of growth cm | Single yield kg |
| Embodiment 1 | 93.4 | 5.7 | 24.5 |
| Embodiment 2 | 92.9 | 5.5 | 23.7 |
| Contrast 1 | 91.0 | 5.2 | 22.6 |
| Contrast 2 | 89.4 | 4.8 | 21.3 |
| Contrast 3 | 89.5 | 4.7 | 21.0 |
| Contrast 4 | 87.8 | 4.3 | 19.6 |
| Control group | 78.5 | 2.3 | 12.5 |
Synthesis result：The peach of the inventive method institute grafting, compared with control group, survival rate improves 14.9%, and the speed of growth improves
3.4cm, single output increased 12kg.Selected using branch and magnetize immersion process, survival rate improves 2.4%, 4.0%, growth speed
Degree improves 0.5cm, 0.9cm, single output increased 1.9kg, 3.2kg；And stock processing and engrafting method are used, survival rate improves
3.4%th, 5.1%, the speed of growth improves 0.8cm, 1.2cm, single output increased 2.7kg, 4.1kg.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. method for improving peach graft survival rate, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：（1）Branch selects：Using 4-5 peach as elite stand, it is 6-8cm to select switch length, retains leaf bud at the 2-3 of top, and right Bottom carries out 30 ° of bilateral and cut, and obtains scion branch；（2）Scion is handled：By the advanced row sterilization processing of scion branch, then immerse growth promotion solution and impregnated under the conditions of 34-38 DEG C 25-30min, it is then immersed in plant extraction liquid and carries out magnetization immersion, temperature is 32-35 DEG C, magnetic frequency 0.2-0.4MHz, Time 42-46min, scion branch must be soaked；（3）Stock processing：First stock is handled using carbendazim solution and growth promotion solution spraying respectively, then using natural plant gum Liquid closes stock wound location, and carries out double wrapped using preservative film；（4）Grafting：The stock for removing integument is combined with scion, respectively using growth promotion solution and plant extraction liquid to combining Position is sprayed, and then using plant glue solution coating 2-3 times repeatedly, reuses the gauze wrapped of dipped plants extract solution, most Outer layer wraps up 2 layers using preservative film, and its top opening is closed using plant glue solution；（5）Daily management：During callus, covered with plastic sheeting and sunshade net, and poured with growth promotion solution per 2-3 days It is 1 time, continuous 3-4 times, poured, sprayed 1 time per 4-5 days using plant extraction liquid.
- 2. the method for peach graft survival rate is improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2）Described sterilization Processing, its bactericidal liquid are carbendazim solution, and its quality extension rate is 900 times.
- 3. the method for peach graft survival rate is improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2）Described growth-promoting Long solution, wherein gibberellin：Kinetin：Methyl α-naphthyl acetate quality proportioning is 3-4:1:0.5-0.8, its mass concentration are 0.8%-1.2%.
- 4. the method for peach graft survival rate is improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2）Described plant Extract solution, its compound method are：Garlic 12-15 parts, leaf of bamboo 10-13 parts, Folium Meliae 7-10 parts, purslane 11-14 parts, root of kudzu vine 9- are weighed according to quality meter part 12 parts, strawberry slag 6-9 parts, kiwi-fruit juice 5-8 parts, pomegranate seed 4-7 parts, mulberry leaf 3-6 parts, total matter is added after preparation raw material is crushed The water of 8-10 times of amount, the mixed enzyme for first adding water quality 3%-4% stirs enzymolysis 2-3h at 26-30 DEG C, then in 73-77 DEG C of temperature Lower boiling 2-3h, is concentrated into the 1/6 of original volume after filtering, plant extraction liquid is made；Described mixed enzyme, its cellulase： Pectase quality proportioning is 1:1.
- 5. the method for peach graft survival rate is improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）Described plant Glue, its compound method are：Sterilized water 70-80 parts, monocrotaline 1-2 parts, wilfordine 1-2 parts, colchicin 0.2-0.4 are weighed according to quality meter part Part, citric acid 7-9 parts, folic acid 6-8 parts, vitamin A 3-5 parts, magnesium chloride 0.3-0.6 parts, zinc chloride 0.3-0.5 parts, will respectively match somebody with somebody Component in water processed is warming up to 52-55 DEG C after being stirred, and adds gross mass 6%-8% melon bean gum and its quality 4%-5% Peach gum, plant glue solution is made after stirring and dissolving.
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| CN108633583A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-10-12 | 普安县龙吟兴民种养殖开发有限公司 | A kind of magnetization cultural method of honey shaddock |
| CN108668666A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-10-19 | 贵州磊恒旅游生态发展有限公司 | The implantation methods of peach |
| CN108781805A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-11-13 | 霍山县庆中农林开发有限公司 | A kind of cuttage processing method improving safflower oil tea cuttage radication capability |
| CN108781819A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-11-13 | 广德县东亭乡绘绿苗木种植家庭农场 | A kind of double door budding method being suitable for grafting |
| CN109121779A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-01-04 | 兴义市天瑞核桃种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of engrafting method of Chinese walnut |
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| JP2020150856A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2020-09-24 | 国立大学法人東海国立大学機構 | Grafting improver |
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