CN101233848A - Safety nuisance free biogas slurry liquid insecticide and preparation thereof - Google Patents
Safety nuisance free biogas slurry liquid insecticide and preparation thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101233848A CN101233848A CNA2008100339890A CN200810033989A CN101233848A CN 101233848 A CN101233848 A CN 101233848A CN A2008100339890 A CNA2008100339890 A CN A2008100339890A CN 200810033989 A CN200810033989 A CN 200810033989A CN 101233848 A CN101233848 A CN 101233848A
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Abstract
The invention relates to biogas liquid insecticide of safe and non-pollution and a preparation method thereof, which pertains to a pesticide field. Components and weight percentage of the safe and non-pollution biogas liquid insecticide are as follows: 99.6 percent-99.8 percent of biogas liquid, 0.16 percent-0.3 percent of kerosene and 0.04 percent-0.1 percent of laundry detergent. The preparation method comprises the processes: biogas fermentation residue deposited at the bottom of an anaerobic digestor is directly taken out of a material outlet pipe at the bottom of the anaerobic digestor, which has total solid content over 10 percent. After being taken out of the material outlet pipe, the fermentation residue is fully stirred and mixed in a container, and is separate-loaded, filtered and settled; the biogas liquid is obtained for later use after impurities are removed; then the methane, the kerosene and the laundry detergent are mixed and evenly stirred. The biological pesticide of the invention has low cost, remarkable extermination effect to common pests on vegetables, melon and fruits, etc., safe for using, not any pollution and hazard to human, animals, crops and ecological environment in spraying and using, easy to be decomposed and in favor of improving quality of the crops.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of insecticidal solution and application process thereof of technical field of pesticide, specifically, what relate to is a kind of safety nuisance free biogas slurry liquid insecticide and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
For a long time, people mainly rely on chemical pesticide and synthetic pesticide to the control of crop pests.Though chemical pesticide is effective to crop pest control, but owing to contain the organic matter of chlorine, phosphorus in many chemical pesticides, when killing damage by disease and insect, people and animals, crops and other non-target biologies are damaged, show according to update, there are 2,000 ten thousand people in the whole world because of pesticide poisoning every year, wherein 200,000 people's death; Simultaneously, the long-term chemical pesticide that uses also causes insect to develop immunity to drugs, cause the update cycle quickening of agricultural chemicals or cause indiscriminate use of pesticide, and heavy metal elements such as the chlorine that is contained in the chemical pesticide, copper, arsenic, lead, environment and agricultural product have seriously been polluted, be unfavorable for the outlet of agricultural product, be unfavorable for developing green agriculture.
Continually develop new insecticide nuisanceless, free from environmental pollution in recent years, and emerge many non-chemically synthetic pesticide new varieties, as control worm, vegetable insecticide, biological insecticides etc. with bacterium.But find that in actual applications all there is unsatisfactory part in these products, slow as the biological insecticides drug effect, often after a couple of days in addition a week above can produce effects, can not allow the user observe its effect directly perceived, market prospects are not good.The vegetables that have simultaneously (as the booth a variety of Chinese cabbage) are just very short because of vegetative period itself, when insect pest appears in the later stage, do not treat that as yet insect pest removes extremely, gathered in, so drug effect slowly equals not execute.Vegetable insecticide then relates to drug effect and stability problem, and often extension rate can not be fine in actual applications, so insecticidal effect is not good enough.The stable inequality of this series products can not be stored the enough time simultaneously, to guarantee the storage of commodity in the field of circulation.Natural pond liquid is the people, animal ight soil, the residue of organic matters such as plant residue behind anaerobic fermentation, being the high-quality organic liquid fertilizer that a kind of nutrient is comprehensive, content of humic acid is high, fertilizer efficiency has both slowly, is again a kind of " biopesticide " of broad spectrum activity simultaneously, has unique nutrient components, NH
4 +-N ion and antibiotic, digestion inhibiting factor all can play good killing and inhibitory action to the multiple damage by disease and insect of crops.And anaerobic digestion process is quite remarkable to the killing effect of pathogen and worm's ovum, effectively uses natural pond liquid and can not pollute environment, and itself also has the effect that suppresses the germ growth.
Through the literature search of prior art is found, Chinese patent application number is: 02128923.9, and name is called: agrichemical without enviromental pollution for plant and insecticidal organic fertilizer thereof, this patent readme is: a kind of agrichemical without enviromental pollution for plant and insecticidal organic fertilizer thereof, it is by radix aconiti agrestis, datura, vomiting nut, sweet-scented oleander, Dalmatian chrysanthemum, tobacco, plant materials such as camphor and arsenic are prepared from, also its dregs of a decoction can be added loess simultaneously, muck etc. are made insecticidal organic fertilizer.This medicament has the high-efficiency broad spectrum insecticidal action, and is pollution-free after the dispenser, to the nuisanceless green vegetables, and grain, melon and fruit production has positive meaning.This technical deficiency is: sweet-scented oleander and arsenic in the raw material preparation all have certain toxicity, and the accumulation of its residue is unfavorable for people's health and environmental and ecological protection, especially the agricultural product of immediate access such as vegetables, melon and fruit use.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provides a kind of safety nuisance free biogas slurry liquid insecticide and preparation method thereof at the deficiencies in the prior art.Biopesticide cost of the present invention is low; killing effect to the common insect on vegetables, the melon and fruit etc. is remarkable especially; safe in utilization; in spray using to people and animals, crops, ecotope without any polluting and harm; and be easy to decompose; help improving the quality of crops, promote the export of farm produce, quicken development and people's the health and the protection of ecotope of sustainable agriculture.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
Safety nuisance free biogas slurry liquid insecticide involved in the present invention, component that it comprises and weight percentage are: natural pond liquid 99.6%~99.8%, kerosene 0.16%~0.3%, washing powder 0.04%~0.1%.
Described natural pond liquid, wherein nitrogenous phosphorus potassium (N: P
2O
5: K
2O) than being: 0.2~0.4: 0.1~0.3: 0.2~0.4, ammoniacal nitrogen weight accounts for 75%~79% of full weight nitroxide.
The preparation method of safety nuisance free biogas slurry liquid insecticide involved in the present invention may further comprise the steps:
The first step, natural pond liquid is prepared
Directly take out the high concentration biogas fermentation residue of anaeroic digestor bottom deposit from the big-and-middle-sized anaeroic digestor bottom discharging pipe of normal operation, its total solids content is more than 10%.Behind different drainage conduit taking-up fermentation residues, in container, fully mix, carry out packing then.The biogas fermentation residue obtained is filtered clarification with the multilayer crocus cloth, be natural pond liquid after removing impurity wherein, stand-by.
Second step, the biogas slurry liquid insecticide preparation
Nitrogen phosphorus potassium (N: P in this natural pond liquid
2O
5: K
2O) than being: 0.2~0.4: 0.1~0.3: 0.2~0.4, ammonia nitrogen content accounts for 75% of total nitrogen content~79% o'clock, with natural pond liquid, kerosene, washing powder by following percentage by weight preparation:
(1) natural pond liquid: 99.6%~99.8%
(2) kerosene: 0.16%~0.3%
(3) washing powder: 0.04%~0.1%
According to above-mentioned percentage by weight, natural pond liquid, kerosene, washing powder three mixing are stirred evenly, promptly obtain described safety nuisance free biogas slurry liquid insecticide.
When insecticidal solution of the present invention uses, directly pour in the sprayer, with sprayer the insecticidal solution for preparing evenly is sprayed onto plant leaf blade positive and negative and lobus cardiacus part, till the blade face begins to drip.To booth vegetable or land for growing field crops vegetables and melon and fruit, spray once in a week and get final product (at the disease epidemic period).
Mechanism of the present invention is: under anaerobic environment, natural pond liquid fermented material redox potential is lower, and reducing substances is more, after insect contacts, has physiology to take the effect of oxygen and degrease by force.Secondly, owing to contain NH in the liquid of natural pond
4 +-N, NH
4 +-N has the growth of the germ of inhibition, poisons polypide intestines parietal cell, causes the body function disorder, plays the disease-resistant, insect-prevention effect.After being sprayed onto on the plant leaf surface, a part of NH
4 +-N is absorbed by plant, gets food when crop pests rests on the plant surface, the NH that is absorbed by plant
4 +-N can enter in the polypide, dissolving and absorbed the intoxicating position in intestinal juice by the intestines parietal cell, thus cause that insect is poisoned to death.Another part NH in the liquid of natural pond
4 +-N then rests on the plant surface.Because NH
4 +The molten boiling point of-N is lower, some NH
4 +-N evaporates into gas after being sprayed to the plant surface, in respiratory system enters the body of insect, causes the death of insect.Adding a small amount of kerosene and washing powder can play absorption and penetrate into the inner effect of assisting desinsection of plant in the liquid of natural pond.The effective ingredient of insecticide is sprayed onto the polypide surface, could rise after the nervous system by the deadly target center of body wall arrival and knock down or killing effect, and the insect bodies surface has the body wall of one deck wax shape, this layer body wall is fat-soluble tissue, kerosene has being stained with property and permeability effect more by force to the polypide epidermis, and the main component of washing powder is a neopelex, and insect is had strong action of contace poison; Washing powder solution can also dissolve the wax coat of insect body surface, makes it lose protection, and obstruction insect body surface pore makes it death by suffocation.
Advantage of the present invention and effect: main component of the present invention is that natural pond liquid is aided with a spot of kerosene and washing powder, is specifically designed to the insect of killing vegetables, melon and fruit etc.Its major advantage is:
(1) insecticide efficiency height, through indoor and field trial, to the control efficiency of cabbage caterpillar more than 95%.
(2) nontoxic, have no side effect.The Main Ingredients and Appearance of this medicament comes from natural pond liquid, natural pond liquid not only contains abundant nitrogen (0.03%~0.08%), phosphorus (0.02%~0.07%), potassium a large amount of grand nutrition elements such as (0.05%~1.40%) and the boron that crop growth is played an important role, copper, iron, manganese, calcium, trace elements such as zinc also contain rich in amino acid (as proline, linoleic acid, fulvic acid etc.), various hydrolases, growth stimulant is (as abscisic acid, growth hormone, gibberellin etc.), vitamin B group, bioactivators such as the basic element of cell division and some antibiotic, damage by disease and insect there are the inhibiting material or the factor.Basically " biopesticide " that has belonged to the free of contamination broad spectrum activity of avirulence can use on the agricultural product of immediate accesses such as fruit, vegetables fully.
(3) catabolite all can be plant and directly absorbs.The abundant nutrition element that natural pond liquid has can directly be utilized by crop absorption, promotes the growth of crop and strengthens the resistance against diseases of crop.
(4) this medicament adds a small amount of effectively adhesive and synergist (kerosene and washing powder), be sprayed on the blade face after, can play absorption and penetrate into the effect of the inner auxiliary desinsection of plant.
(5) this medicament is cheap, is mainly people, animal ight soil, the residue of organic matters such as plant residue behind anaerobic fermentation, and land for growing field crops, booth, greenhouse dispenser cost are very low.This medicaments preparation not only can be handled the people, animal ight soil of contaminated environment, plant residue etc. and be safe and efficient non-harmful biopesticide, this be so far all commercially available chemical agents of killing damage by disease and insect and synthetic medicament can not compare.
Embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated: following examples are being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention are not limited to following embodiment.
In following examples, the natural pond liquid that is adopted is to take from biogas fermentation residue in the anaeroic digestor of big-and-middle-sized biogas engineering through the clarification of multilayer filtered through gauze and remove wherein impurity.The fermentation raw material of its biogas fermentation residue is a pig manure, and main component is organic 12.91g/kg, full nitrogen 3.55g/kg, full phosphorus 1.64g/kg, full potassium 2.23g/kg, rapid available phosphorus 0.91g/kg, available potassium 2.29g/kg, ammoniacal nitrogen 4558.89mg/L, pH7.43.
Embodiment 1
Indoor harmacological effect is measured:
(%) preparation biogas slurry liquid insecticide at first by weight percentage, with natural pond liquid: kerosene: washing powder stirs evenly by 99.8%: 0.16%: 0.04% (II) mixing, pours in the sprayer, can spray.
Choose the cabbage leaves of fresh nontoxic no worm,, encase the stem end with absorbent cotton and put into the culture dish that is lined with wet filter paper, diameter 9cm drying behind the leaf positive and negative spray medicine, three repetitions, every ware is put 1 cabbage leaves, and drips on the absorbent cotton and preserve moisture.Put into 20 of the cabbage caterpillar larvas in 3 ages in each culture dish, seal, prevent the larva escape with gauze and rubber band.The death condition of larva behind the observation 24h.
Above-mentioned using method with use 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate (Abamectin) 2000 times of (I), kerosene: washing powder: clear water is medicament (III) and clear water contrast (IV) comparison of preparation in 0.1%: 0.5%: 99.4% by weight percentage, the result is: 24h behind the medicine, its dead borer population has more 2,8 and 14 respectively than I, III and IV, and its lethality has improved 16.00%, 40.00% and 70% respectively than I, III and IV.Cabbage caterpillar indoor harmacological effect measurement result such as following table (table 1).
Each handles table 1 cabbage caterpillar indoor harmacological effect measurement result
Handle | Borer population (head) before the medicine | 24h behind the medicine | |
Dead borer population (head) | Lethality (%) | ||
I | 20 | 12.00 | 60.00 |
II | 20 | 14.00 | 70.00 |
III | 20 | 6.00 | 30.00 |
IV | 20 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
Embodiment 2
The potted plant evaluation of pesticide effectiveness:
(%) preparation biogas slurry liquid insecticide at first by weight percentage, with natural pond liquid: kerosene: washing powder is by 99.8%: 0.16%: 0.04% (II), and promptly pure natural pond liquid 30kg/ mu, kerosene 50g/ mu and washing powder 10g/ mu mix and stir evenly, and pour in the sprayer, can spray.
In greenhouse by solar heat,, transplant to flowerpot three repetitions, 3 of every basin kinds (covering) after waiting to grow 3 true leaves with fly net with a variety of Chinese cabbage planting seed.Treat with hand-held little sprayer soup evenly to be sprayed onto a variety of Chinese cabbage leave dual sides and lobus cardiacus part behind the slow seedling of a variety of Chinese cabbage, till a variety of Chinese cabbage blade face begins to drip, treat dried every repeated inoculation 32 hairs afterwards of soup educate neat, healthy 3 age cabbage caterpillar.Observe behind the medicine 1,3,5, the insect pest situation condition alive of 7d cabbage caterpillar.During the dispenser, observe a variety of Chinese cabbage and have or not the key to produce.
Above-mentioned using method with use 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate (Abamectin) 2000 times of (I), kerosene: washing powder: clear water is the medicament (III of preparation in 0.1%: 0.5%: 99.4% by weight percentage, be that kerosene 0.1kg/ mu, washing powder 0.5kg/ mu and clear water 100kg/ mu three mix) and clear water contrast (IV) is relatively, the result is: 1d behind the medicine, its rate that goes down has improved 54.16%, 26.49% and 79.16% respectively than I, III and IV, proofreaies and correct preventive effect and has improved 52.00%, 25.63% and 77.55% respectively than I, III and IV; 3d behind the medicine, its rate that goes down has improved 12.00%, 7.69% and 94.49% respectively than I, III and IV, proofreaies and correct preventive effect and has improved 10.98%, 7.06% and 88.35% respectively than I, III and IV; 5d behind the medicine, its rate that goes down has improved 14.10%, 5.95% and 107.29% respectively than I, III and IV, proofreaies and correct preventive effect and has improved 11.96%, 5.11% and 93.64% respectively than I, III and IV.During the dispenser, a variety of Chinese cabbage growing way is better, and leaf development is more complete.Cabbage caterpillar pot experiment evaluation of pesticide effectiveness result such as following table (table 2~table 3).
Each processing of table 2 is to the control efficiency (pot experiment) of cabbage caterpillar
Handle | Borer population (head) before the medicine | 1d behind the medicine | ||
Borer population (head) | The rate that goes down (%) | Proofread and correct preventive effect (%) | ||
I | 32 | 16.00 | 50.00 | 51.02 |
II | 32 | 24.67 | 77.08 | 77.55 |
III | 32 | 19.50 | 60.94 | 61.73 |
IV | 32 | 32.67 | -2.08 | - |
Each processing of table 3 is to the control efficiency (pot experiment) of cabbage caterpillar
Handle | Borer population (head) before the medicine | 3d behind the medicine | ||
Borer population (head) | The rate that goes down (%) | Proofread and correct preventive effect (%) | ||
I | 32 | 25.00 | 78.13 | 79.61 |
II | 32 | 28.00 | 87.50 | 88.35 |
III | 32 | 26.00 | 81.25 | 82.52 |
IV | 32 | 34.33 | -7.29 | - |
Each processing of table 4 is to the control efficiency (pot experiment) of cabbage caterpillar
Handle | Borer population (head) before the medicine | 5d behind the medicine | ||
Borer population (head) | The rate that goes down (%) | Proofread and correct preventive effect (%) | ||
I | 32 | 26.00 | 81.25 | 83.64 |
II | 32 | 29.67 | 92.71 | 93.64 |
III | 32 | 28.00 | 87.50 | 89.09 |
IV | 32 | 36.67 | -14.58 | - |
Embodiment 3
Indoor harmacological effect is measured:
(%) preparation biogas slurry liquid insecticide at first by weight percentage, with natural pond liquid: kerosene: washing powder stirs evenly to pour in the sprayer by 99.6%: 0.3%: 0.1% (V) mixing and sprays.
Choose the cabbage leaves of fresh nontoxic no worm,, encase the stem end with absorbent cotton and put into the culture dish that is lined with wet filter paper, diameter 9cm drying behind the leaf positive and negative spray medicine, three repetitions, every ware is put 1 cabbage leaves, and drips on the absorbent cotton and preserve moisture.Put into 20 of the cabbage caterpillar larvas in 3 ages in each culture dish, seal, prevent the larva escape with gauze and rubber band.The death condition of larva behind the observation 24h.
Above-mentioned using method with use 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate (Abamectin) 2000 times of (I), kerosene: washing powder: clear water is medicament (III) and clear water contrast (IV) comparison of preparation in 0.1%: 0.5%: 99.4% by weight percentage, the result is: 24h behind the medicine, its dead borer population has more 0.66,6.66 and 12.66 respectively than I, III and IV, and its lethality has improved 3.33%, 33.33% and 63.33% respectively than I, III and IV.Cabbage caterpillar indoor harmacological effect measurement result such as following table (table 5).
Each handles table 5 cabbage caterpillar indoor harmacological effect measurement result
Handle | Borer population (head) before the medicine | 24h behind the medicine | |
Dead borer population (head) | Lethality (%) | ||
I | 20 | 12.00 | 60.00 |
III | 20 | 6.00 | 30.00 |
IV | 20 | 0 | 0.00 |
V | 20 | 12.66 | 63.33 |
Embodiment 4
The potted plant evaluation of pesticide effectiveness:
(%) preparation biogas slurry liquid insecticide at first by weight percentage, with natural pond liquid: kerosene: washing powder stirs evenly to pour in the sprayer by 99.7%: 0.24%: 0.06% (V) mixing and sprays.
In greenhouse by solar heat,, transplant to flowerpot three repetitions, 3 of every basin kinds (covering) after waiting to grow 3 true leaves with fly net with a variety of Chinese cabbage planting seed.Treat with hand-held little sprayer soup evenly to be sprayed onto a variety of Chinese cabbage leave dual sides and lobus cardiacus part behind the slow seedling of a variety of Chinese cabbage, till a variety of Chinese cabbage blade face begins to drip, treat dried every repeated inoculation 32 hairs afterwards of soup educate neat, healthy 3 age cabbage caterpillar.Observe behind the medicine 1,3,5, the insect pest situation condition alive of 7d cabbage caterpillar.During the dispenser, observe a variety of Chinese cabbage and have or not the key to produce.
Above-mentioned using method with use 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate (Abamectin) 2000 times of (I), kerosene: washing powder: clear water is medicament (III) and clear water contrast (IV) comparison of preparation in 0.1%: 0.5%: 99.4% by weight percentage, the result is: 1d behind the medicine, its rate that goes down has improved 43.76%, 17.95% and 73.96% respectively than I, III and IV, proofreaies and correct preventive effect and has improved 42.00%, 17.36% and 72.45% respectively than I, III and IV; 3d behind the medicine, its rate that goes down has improved 8.00%, 3.85% and 91.67% respectively than I, III and IV, proofreaies and correct preventive effect and has improved 7.32%, 3.54% and 85.44% respectively than I, III and IV; 5d behind the medicine, its rate that goes down has improved 12.82%, 4.77% and 106.25% respectively than I, III and IV, proofreaies and correct preventive effect and has improved 10.87%, 4.09% and 92.73% respectively than I, III and IV.During the dispenser, a variety of Chinese cabbage growing way is better, and leaf development is more complete.Cabbage caterpillar pot experiment evaluation of pesticide effectiveness result such as following table (table 6~table 8).
Each processing of table 6 is to the control efficiency (pot experiment) of cabbage caterpillar
Handle | Before the medicine | 1d behind the medicine |
Borer population (head) | Borer population (head) | The rate that goes down (%) | Proofread and correct preventive effect (%) | |
I | 32 | 16.00 | 50.00 | 51.02 |
III | 32 | 19.50 | 60.94 | 61.73 |
IV | 32 | 32.67 | -2.08 | - |
V | 32 | 23.00 | 71.88 | 72.45 |
Each processing of table 7 is to the control efficiency (pot experiment) of cabbage caterpillar
Handle | Borer population (head) before the medicine | 3d behind the medicine | ||
Borer population (head) | The rate that goes down (%) | Proofread and correct preventive effect (%) | ||
I | 32 | 25.00 | 78.13 | 79.61 |
III | 32 | 26.00 | 81.25 | 82.52 |
IV | 32 | 34.33 | -7.29 | - |
V | 32 | 27.00 | 84.38 | 85.44 |
Each processing of table 8 is to the control efficiency (pot experiment) of cabbage caterpillar
Handle | Borer population (head) before the medicine | 5d behind the medicine | ||
Borer population (head) | The rate that goes down (%) | Proofread and correct preventive effect (%) | ||
I | 32 | 26.00 | 81.25 | 83.64 |
III | 32 | 28.00 | 87.50 | 89.09 |
IV | 32 | 36.67 | -14.58 | - |
V | 32 | 29.33 | 91.67 | 92.73 |
Claims (5)
1. a safety nuisance free biogas slurry liquid insecticide is characterized in that, component that comprises and weight percentage are: natural pond liquid 99.6%~99.8%, kerosene 0.16%~0.3%, washing powder 0.04%~0.1%.
2. safety nuisance free biogas slurry liquid insecticide according to claim 1 is characterized in that, component that comprises and weight percentage are: natural pond liquid 99.8%, kerosene 0.16%, washing powder 0.04%.
3. safety nuisance free biogas slurry liquid insecticide according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described natural pond liquid wherein contains n-p-k ratio and is: 0.2~0.4: 0.1~0.3: 0.2~0.4.
4. safety nuisance free biogas slurry liquid insecticide according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described natural pond liquid, and wherein ammonia nitrogen content accounts for 75%~79% of total nitrogen content.
5. the preparation method of a safety nuisance free biogas slurry liquid insecticide is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
The first step, natural pond liquid is prepared: the biogas fermentation residue that directly takes out the anaeroic digestor bottom deposit from anaeroic digestor bottom discharging pipe, its total solids content is more than 10%, behind drainage conduit taking-up fermentation residue, in container, fully mix, carry out packing then, the biogas fermentation residue of obtaining is filtered clarification with the multilayer crocus cloth, be natural pond liquid after removing impurity wherein, stand-by;
Second step, the biogas slurry liquid insecticide preparation: the n-p-k ratio in this natural pond liquid is: 0.2~0.4: 0.1~0.3: 0.2~0.4, ammonia nitrogen content accounts for 75% of total nitrogen content~79% o'clock, natural pond liquid, kerosene, washing powder are mixed by the weight percentage of natural pond liquid 99.6%~99.8%, kerosene 0.16%~0.3% washing powder 0.04%~0.1%, stir evenly, promptly obtain biogas slurry liquid insecticide.
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