CN1994082B - A compound fungicide for preventing and controlling anthracnose of fruits and vegetables - Google Patents
A compound fungicide for preventing and controlling anthracnose of fruits and vegetables Download PDFInfo
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- CN1994082B CN1994082B CN2006100111300A CN200610011130A CN1994082B CN 1994082 B CN1994082 B CN 1994082B CN 2006100111300 A CN2006100111300 A CN 2006100111300A CN 200610011130 A CN200610011130 A CN 200610011130A CN 1994082 B CN1994082 B CN 1994082B
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- tpn
- anthracnose
- enestroburin
- medicament
- cucumber
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种防治果蔬炭疽病的复配杀菌剂，其特征在于它由活性成分、填料和助剂组成，其中所述的活性成分由甲氧丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂或三唑类杀菌剂与保护剂组成。本发明所述的防治果蔬炭疽病的复配制剂增效作用显著，防治效果高达91.42％，明显高于单一制剂。该复配制剂速效性和持效性好，作用机制和位点多，能有效延缓病原菌抗药性的发生和发展。该复配制剂制备工艺简单，成本低，经济效益显著，防病谱广，生物安全性高。The invention provides a compound fungicide for preventing and treating fruit and vegetable anthracnose, which is characterized in that it consists of active ingredients, fillers and auxiliary agents, wherein the active ingredients are methoxyacrylate fungicides or triazole fungicides Composed with protective agent. The compound preparation for preventing and treating fruit and vegetable anthracnose of the present invention has remarkable synergistic effect, and the control effect is as high as 91.42%, which is obviously higher than that of a single preparation. The compound preparation has good quick-acting and long-lasting effects, and has many action mechanisms and sites, and can effectively delay the occurrence and development of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria. The preparation process of the compound preparation is simple, the cost is low, the economic benefit is remarkable, the disease prevention spectrum is wide, and the biological safety is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pesticide field, relate to a kind of composite bactericide of preventing and treating fruit and vegetable anthracnose particularly.
Background technology
Anthracnose is the important disease during fruit tree, vegetables produce, and takes place when condition is suitable seriously to cause the withered or fruit rot of plant.In China, owing to fruit tree, vegetables annually cultivating, cause the bacterium source of anthrax bacteria constantly to accumulate, the trend that increases the weight of is year by year arranged, its ordinary production has been constituted serious threat.At present, the research of relevant anthracnose report is less, and the control of anthracnose mainly relies on medicaments such as benzimidazole medicament carbendazim and thiophanate methyl in the production, but the long-term use of single medicament is easy to make germ to develop immunity to drugs.Also can reduce the harm of disease by the induction of resistance of plant, but seldom be applied to agricultural practice, in addition, biotic factor uses in the field as derivant, may have potential danger, promptly exist weak pathogenic bacteria with the mutual work of host plant in develop into the possibilities of pathogenic bacteria even strong pathogenic bacteria.For this reason, the alternative medicament of screening mechanism of action difference and high-efficiency low-toxicity and safely and effectively mixture preparation to produce after the resistance control of anthracnose significant to delaying drug-fast generation of germ and benzimidazole medicament.
The methoxy acrylate series bactericidal agent is to be the class new type bactericide that lead compound makes with a kind of natural products that extracts from mushroom, has the wide and high characteristic of bactericidal activity of fungicidal spectrum, be behind benzimidazole and triazole bactericidal agent, shake the new type bactericide in bactericide field once more, mainly act on cytochrome b c compound in the mitochondrial respiratory chain of fungi, stop the electronics transmission, thereby suppress conk, do not have mutual pesticide resistance with present bactericide.
Triazole bactericidal agent has outstanding antibacterial activity, suppresses the demethylating reaction of CytP-450 monooxygenase catalysis in the fungi ergosterol biosynthetic process, and germ is not easy to develop immunity to drugs to this type of medicament.
The protectant tpn is a multidigit point protection bactericide; be widely used in the control of fruit tree, vegetable disease; received the excellent protection effect, and made that as companion's medicine of multiple systemic fungicide drug effect strengthens, consumption reduces, for agricultural production and environmental protection play an important role.
At present, Shang Weijian is about being combined into the report that composite bactericide is used to prevent and treat fruit and vegetable anthracnose with methoxy acrylate series bactericidal agent or triazole bactericidal agent and tpn.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
The composite bactericide that the purpose of this invention is to provide the control fruit and vegetable anthracnose of a kind of novel, efficient, safety, applied range.
(2) technical scheme
The composite bactericide of control fruit and vegetable anthracnose of the present invention is made up of active component, filler and auxiliary agent, and wherein, active component is made up of methoxy acrylate series bactericidal agent or triazole bactericidal agent and protectant.
Composite bactericide of the present invention, the methoxy acrylate series bactericidal agent in the active component is selected from one or more in Fluoxastrobin, Enestroburin, the kresoxim-methyl; Triazole bactericidal agent is selected from one or more in Difenoconazole, Flusilazole, alkene azoles alcohol, Tebuconazole, the nitrile bacterium azoles; Protectant is selected from one or more in tpn, mancozeb, the tmtd.
Composite bactericide of the present invention contain the combination of synergy effective amount of actives, and ratio is arbitrarily between active component, as long as can produce synergistic effect.Generally speaking, the composition of described active component is counted by ratio of weight and the number of copies: methoxy acrylate series bactericidal agent or triazole bactericidal agent: protectant=1～30: 1～100.
Preferably, the composition of active component is counted by ratio of weight and the number of copies: methoxy acrylate series bactericidal agent or triazole bactericidal agent: protectant=1～8: 5～100.
More preferably, the composition of active component is counted by ratio of weight and the number of copies: Difenoconazole: tpn=1: 5～7.
More preferably, the composition of active component is counted by ratio of weight and the number of copies: kresoxim-methyl: tpn=1: 11～13.
More preferably, the composition of active component is counted by ratio of weight and the number of copies: Enestroburin: tpn=1: 6～12.
In composite bactericide of the present invention, described filler is that one or more are selected from white carbon, kaolin, fine particle calcium carbonate, diatomite or bentonitic filler.
Composite bactericide of the present invention, adjuvant used this area usual auxiliaries that is, as sodium lignin sulfonate, neopelex, naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product sodium salt (NNO), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), nitrous acid spent pulping liquor, dimethylbenzene, OP type emulsifier, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, aluminium-magnesium silicate powder, polyoxy ethyl alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether and sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate mixture.
Composite bactericide of the present invention can be mixed with various types of preparations according to technology well known in the art, for example missible oil, wetting powder, water dispersible granules, aqueous suspension agent, dried outstanding agent etc.
50% Enestroburin tpn missible oil (Enestroburin: tpn=1: 12): the Enestroburin and the former powder of tpn that take by weighing q.s, earlier most of solvent xylene is dropped into modulation kettle, under stirring state, drop into former medicine, OP type emulsifier and residue dimethylbenzene then successively, treat that former medicine all stops heating after the dissolving, enter the filtration operation during room temperature and obtain finished product.Application process is prevented and treated 600～1000 times of anthracnose amounts of application for spraying.
50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder (Enestroburin: tpn=1: 9): the Enestroburin and the former powder of tpn that take by weighing q.s, add suspension aids, dispersing aid and filler and stir, enter one-level and pulverize (grain fineness reaches 50 mesh sieves) through mixing; After row mixes stirring again, enter secondary pulverizing (grain fineness reaches 325 mesh sieves) and make finished product.Application process is prevented and treated 800～1200 times of anthracnose amounts of application for spraying.
40% Difenoconazole chlorothalonil water dispersible granule (Difenoconazole: tpn=1: 7); take by weighing the Difenoconazole and the former powder of tpn of q.s; stir through mixing after adding suspension aids, dispersing aid and filler; comminution by gas stream obtains wetting powder; then wetting powder and gauge water (or having binding agent) are added in the kneader simultaneously and mediate; make plastic material; send this material to Squeezinggranulator at last; carry out granulation, obtain the water dispersible granules product by dry, screening.Application process is prevented and treated 1000～1400 times of anthracnose amounts of application for spraying.
30% Difenoconazole tpn aqueous suspension agent (Difenoconazole: tpn=1: 5), take by weighing the Difenoconazole and the former powder of tpn of q.s, add composite assistants such as wetting agent, dispersant.Each composition mixed after ball mill mixes pulverizes, enter sand mill then and pulverize and promptly obtain finished product.Application process is prevented and treated 1000～1500 times of anthracnose amounts of application for spraying.
50% kresoxim-methyl tpn is done outstanding agent (kresoxim-methyl: tpn=1: 11), the kresoxim-methyl and the former powder of tpn that take by weighing q.s add dispersant nitrous acid spent pulping liquor and OP emulsifier, after mix disperseing,, carry out packing after the coarse crushing and get final product through roller drying.Application process is prevented and treated 600～1000 times of anthracnose amounts of application for spraying.
The purposes of composite bactericide of the present invention in control cucumber anthracnose, watermelon anthrax, pepper anthracnose, bitter rot or anthracnose of grape and other fruit and vegetable anthracnose.
(3) beneficial effect
The complex preparation synergistic effect of control fruits and vegetables fungal disease of the present invention is remarkable, and control efficiency is up to 91.42%, apparently higher than unitary agent.This complex preparation quick-acting and lasting effect are good, and mechanism of action and site are many, can effectively delay drug-fast generation of pathogen and development.Preparation technology is simple for this complex preparation, and cost is low, remarkable in economical benefits, and the diseases prevention spectrum is wide, the biological safety height.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
The preparation of embodiment 1 compounded cream agent
50% Enestroburin tpn missible oil (1: 12): 4.01 parts of 96% Enestroburins, 50.17 parts of 92% tpns, 10 parts of OP type emulsifier, 35.82 parts of dimethylbenzene.Earlier most of solvent is dropped into modulation kettle, under stirring state, drop into former medicine, emulsifier and residual solvent then successively, in order to accelerate dissolving, can suitably heat, treat that former medicine all stops heating after the dissolving, enter the filtration operation when temperature in the kettle is reduced to room temperature, promptly obtain finished product.
The preparation of embodiment 2 composite aqueous suspension agents
30% Difenoconazole tpn aqueous suspension agent (1: 5): get 5.26 parts of 95% Difenoconazoles, 27.17 parts of 92% tpns, add 4 parts of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 3 parts of aluminium-magnesium silicate powder, 10 parts in polyoxy ethyl alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether and sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate mixture, 50.57 parts in water.Each composition is mixed after ball mill mixes pulverizing, enter sand mill then and pulverize, promptly obtain finished product.
The embodiment 3 composite preparations of doing outstanding agent
50% kresoxim-methyl tpn is done outstanding agent (1: 11): get 4.33 parts of 96.21% kresoxim-methyls, 49.82 parts of 92% tpns add nitrous acid spent pulping liquor (in solids) 40.85 parts, 5 parts of OP emulsifier.With former medicine, paper pulp concentrate and auxiliary agent mix disperse after, behind roller drying, carry out packing after the coarse crushing and get final product.
The preparation of embodiment 4 built wettable powders
50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder (1: 9): get 5.21 parts of 96% Enestroburins, 48.91 parts of 92% tpns, add 2 parts of sodium lignin sulfonates, CMC1.5 part, 5 parts of neopelexes, 37.38 parts of fine particle calcium carbonates stir through mixing, and enter one-level and pulverize (grain fineness reaches 50 mesh sieves); After row mixes stirring again, enter secondary and pulverize (grain fineness reaches 325 mesh sieves); Be packaged as product.
The preparation of embodiment 5 composite granules
40% Difenoconazole chlorothalonil water dispersible granule (1: 7): get 5.26 parts of 95% Difenoconazoles; 38.04 parts of 92% tpns; add 2 parts of naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product sodium salts; CMC1.5 part; 5 parts of neopelexes; 48.20 parts of white carbons; stir through mixing; comminution by gas stream obtains wetting powder; then wetting powder and gauge water (or having binding agent) are added in the kneader simultaneously and mediate, make plastic material, send this material to Squeezinggranulator at last; carry out granulation, obtain the water dispersible granules product by dry, screening.
The preparation of embodiment 6 composite granules
The preparation of 50% Enestroburin tpn (1: 100) granule: get 0.52 part of 96% Enestroburin; 53.81 parts of 92% tpns; add 2 parts of naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product sodium salts; CMC1.5 part; 5 parts of neopelexes; 37.17 parts of white carbons; stir through mixing; comminution by gas stream obtains wetting powder; then wetting powder and gauge water (or having binding agent) are added in the kneader simultaneously and mediate, make plastic material, send this material to Squeezinggranulator at last; carry out granulation, obtain the water dispersible granules product by dry, screening.
The preparation of embodiment 7 built wettable powders
The preparation of 50% kresoxim-methyl tpn wetting powder (30: 100): get 11.99 parts of 96.21% kresoxim-methyls, 41.80 parts of 92% tpns, add 2 parts of sodium lignin sulfonates, CMC1.5 part, 5 parts of neopelexes, 37.71 parts of fine particle calcium carbonates stir through mixing, and enter one-level and pulverize (grain fineness reaches 50 mesh sieves); After row mixes stirring again, enter secondary and pulverize (grain fineness reaches 325 mesh sieves); Be packaged as product.
The preparation of embodiment 8 compounded cream agent
50% kresoxim-methyl tpn missible oil (8: 100): get 3.85 parts of 96.21% kresoxim-methyls, 50.32 parts of 92% tpns, 10 parts of OP type emulsifier, 35.83 parts of dimethylbenzene.Earlier most of solvent is dropped into modulation kettle, under stirring state, drop into former medicine, emulsifier and residual solvent then successively, in order to accelerate dissolving, can suitably heat, treat that former medicine all stops heating after the dissolving, enter the filtration operation when temperature in the kettle is reduced to room temperature, promptly obtain finished product.
The preparation of embodiment 9 built wettable powders
30% Difenoconazole tpn wetting powder (8: 5): get 19.43 parts of 95% Difenoconazoles, 12.54 parts of 92% tpns, add 2 parts of sodium lignin sulfonates, CMC1.5 part, 5 parts of neopelexes, 59.53 parts of fine particle calcium carbonates stir through mixing, and enter one-level and pulverize (grain fineness reaches 50 mesh sieves); After row mixes stirring again, enter secondary and pulverize (grain fineness reaches 325 mesh sieves); Be packaged as product.
Experimental example 1 different bactericide are to the control efficiency experiment of cucumber anthracnose
1 materials and methods
1.1 test material
1.1.1 bacterial strain picks up from Baoding, Shijiazhuang, Cangzhou, Tangshan, Zhangjiakou region respectively for the examination bacterial classification.Gather cucumber leaves with typical anthracnose scab in the field, pack into and take back the laboratory in the plastic sack, on the PDA medium, carry out the germ separation and Culture, obtain the cucumber anthracnose of pure culture, bacterium numbering is respectively: 1,13,15 are Baoding rear batallion bacterial classification, 2 is bacterial classification in the Institute of Plant Protection institute, and 3,10 is Dingxing, Baoding bacterial classification, and 4 is Zhangjiakou bacterial classification, 5 is the Funing bacterial classification, 6 is Cangzhou bacterial classification, and 7,8,9,11,12 is the Shijiazhuang bacterial classification, and 14 is Yutian, Tangshan bacterial classification.
1.1.2 chemical agent 88.2% Fluoxastrobin (Hunan Chemical Research Institute's production); 96.21% kresoxim-methyl (Hunan Chemical Research Institute's production); 96% Enestroburin (Shenyang Chemical Engineering Inst's production); 95.27% alkene azoles alcohol (production of Jiangsu Province Yancheng Lvye Chemical Co., Ltd.); 95% Tebuconazole (production of Jiangsu Province Yancheng Lvye Chemical Co., Ltd.); 95.28% own azoles alcohol (production of Jiangsu Province Yancheng Lvye Chemical Co., Ltd.); 98% Difenoconazole (production of Jiangsu ploughing and weeding chemical industry Co., Ltd); 90% Flusilazole (a Tianjin day chemical industry Co., Ltd for a long time produces); 97% nitrile bacterium azoles (production of Shenzhou City, Hebei agricultural chemicals Co., Ltd); 92% tpn (production of Jiangsu LiMin chemical engineering Co.,Ltd); 96% tmtd (Tianjin Agricultural Chemical Inst.'s production); 98% carbendazim (Shandong Huayang Science ﹠. Technology Co., Ltd.'s production); 80% mancozeb (production of chemical plant, Guangzong County, Xingtai).
1.2 method
1.2.1 cucumber anthracnose is to the sensitivity testing of different bactericide
Adopt the colony diameter method that different medicaments are carried out sensitivity testing.To make the mother liquor of 3000 μ g/mL behind the former medicinal acetone solution of above-mentioned methoxy acrylate class, triazole bactericidal agent and protectant respectively, 98% carbendazim active compound with diluted hydrochloric acid dissolution and with in the sodium hydroxide with after make the mother liquor of 3000 μ g/mL.Each medicament is diluted to the test desired concn, standby.The PDA medium for preparing is packed in the triangular flask, every bottle of constant volume is to 27ml, when treating behind the autoclaving that the medium temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ of left and right sides, 10 times that adding 3ml prepares from the low concentration to the high concentration respectively to the soup of desired concn, make the pastille medium of series concentration after shaking up, be poured in the culture dish of diameter 6cm, each is handled and repeats 3 times, and the PDA medium that contains quantitative acetone with no medicine is contrast.Under aseptic condition, card punch with diameter 0.5cm is got the bacterium cake at cultured cucumber anthrax-bacilus colony edge, after treating above-mentioned pastille medium cooling, face down every ware central authorities bacterium and to insert one of bacterium cake, the incubator of putting into temperature then and be 24 ℃ carries out dark culturing, adopts the right-angled intersection method to measure behind the 7d and respectively handles colony diameter.Average and calculate relative inhibition effect, thereby obtain the valid density (EC that suppresses cucumber anthracnose mycelial growth 50%
50Be worth) and equation of linear regression.
1.2.2 cucumber anthracnose is to the anti-relation of the friendship between the different bactericide
The same 1.2.1 of method.
1.2.3 different bactericide are to the influence of cucumber anthracnose mycelial growth
The same 1.2.1 of method, bacterial classification are No. 1 bacterial classification.
1.2.4 different bactericide are to the influence of cucumber anthracnose spore germination
Used bacterial classification is No. 1 bacterial classification.
Preparation contains the culture medium flat plate of different drug concentrations at first as stated above, with the cucumber anthracnose germ conidium of cultivating on the transfer needle picking nature Kidney bean medium, make spore suspension with sterile water, spore concentration is adjusted into every visual field (10 * 10 times) and is about 200～300 spores.On the flat board of each pastille medium, add 30 μ L spore suspensions, it evenly is coated with out, be placed in 24 ℃ the incubator and cultivate 16h, observation spore germination situation with curved glass bar.Each culture dish is examined under a microscope 4～6 visuals field, about 100 spores.Begin growth with the spore germ tube and be considered as sprouting, calculate the spore germination rate of each chemicals treatment and medicament inhibition percentage by following formula, and obtain EC spore germination
50Value.
Spore germination rate=sprouting spore count/observation spore sum * 100
Spore germination inhibiting rate (%)=(contrast spore germination rate-chemicals treatment spore germination rate)/contrast spore germination rate * 100
1.2.5 different bactericide are to the control efficiency test of cucumber anthracnose
Select 3 consistent leaf phase cucumber seedlings of growth in the greenhouse, test medicine is mixed with suitable concentration tests, every processing 5 basins repeat 4 times.Test is handled as follows:
(1) protective effect: spray the series concentration soup in the cucumber leaves positive and negative with oilless vacuum pump; to spray clear water is blank; after treating that soup dries; inoculating every visual field (10 * 40 times) with spray-on process is that the spore suspension of 5～7 spores is on cucumber leaves; place temperature to be about 24 ℃ interior cultivation of the little shed of sealed plastic; when blank blade occurring degree is suitable for adding up, investigate and respectively handle the state of an illness, calculate disease index and control efficiency.
(2) therapeutic action: with the every visual field of oilless vacuum pump spray inoculation (10 * 40 times) is that the spore suspension of 5～7 spores is on cucumber leaves, after placing temperature to be about to cultivate 24h in 24 ℃ the little shed of sealed plastic, spraying the series concentration soup in the blade positive and negative, is blank to spray clear water.The state of an illness is respectively handled in investigation when blank blade occurring degree is suitable for adding up, and calculates disease index and control efficiency.
The cucumber anthracnose grade scale:
0 grade: do not have scab on the blade;
1 grade: lesion area accounts for below 5% of leaf area;
3 grades: lesion area accounts for 6%～15% of leaf area;
5 grades: lesion area accounts for 16%～25% of leaf area;
7 grades: lesion area accounts for 26%～50% of leaf area;
9 grades: lesion area accounts for more than 50% of leaf area.
2 results and analysis
2.1 cucumber anthracnose is to the susceptibility of different bactericide
Utilize the colony diameter method to measure the susceptibility of the cucumber anthracnose on ground such as Baoding, Shijiazhuang, Cangzhou, Tangshan, Zhangjiakou, the results are shown in Table 1 different medicaments.Although same bacterial classification is to the susceptibility difference of different medicament performances, the bacterial classification that gather the different location is also inequality to the level of sensitivity of same medicament, but methoxy acrylic medicament Fluoxastrobin, Enestroburin, kresoxim-methyl and triazole type medicament alkene azoles alcohol, Tebuconazole, nitrile bacterium azoles, Difenoconazole, Flusilazole are to the EC of same bacterial classification
50Value all is lower than benzimidazole medicament carbendazim and protectant tpn, mancozeb; growth to the cucumber anthracnose mycelia has stronger inhibitory action; wherein the virulence of cucumber anthracnose is shown as the byest force, remove the EC of No. 3 bacterial classifications with the methoxy acrylic medicament
50Value is outside the 1.24 μ g/ml, the EC of all the other bacterial classifications
50Value is all less than 1 μ g/ml.Cucumber anthracnose descends to the susceptibility of producing the conventional dose carbendazim that uses, and illustrates that there has been to a certain degree pesticide resistance in cucumber anthracnose to carbendazim.
Table 1
Annotate: 1,15,13 is Baoding rear batallion bacterial classification, and 2 is bacterial classification in the Institute of Plant Protection institute, and 3,10 is Dingxing, Baoding bacterial classification, and 4 is Zhangjiakou bacterial classification, and 5 is the Funing bacterial classification, and 6 is Cangzhou bacterial classification, and 7,8,9,11,12 is the Shijiazhuang bacterial classification, and 14 is Yutian, Tangshan bacterial classification.
2.2 cucumber anthracnose is to the anti-relation of the friendship between the different bactericide
From table 1 cucumber anthracnose to the sensitivity determination result of benzimidazole medicament carbendazim, triazole type medicament alkene azoles alcohol, Difenoconazole, nitrile bacterium azoles, Tebuconazole, Flusilazole and methoxy acrylic medicament Fluoxastrobin etc. as can be seen, as the EC of germ to carbendazim
50Value reaches about 100 μ g/ml or when higher, the EC of medicaments such as alkene azoles alcohol, Difenoconazole, nitrile bacterium azoles, Tebuconazole, Flusilazole and Fluoxastrobin
50Value only is about 10 μ g/ml or lower, illustrates between the latter and the former not have the cross resistance relation.
2.3 different bactericide are to the influence of cucumber anthracnose mycelial growth
Table 2
Adopt the colony diameter method to carry out cucumber anthracnose the sensitivity testing of different medicaments be the results are shown in Table 2; the result shows in the table; methoxy acrylic medicament Fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, Enestroburin; triazole type medicament alkene azoles alcohol, own azoles alcohol, Tebuconazole, nitrile bacterium azoles, Flusilazole; protectant tpn, tmtd all have certain inhibitory action, EC to the mycelial growth of cucumber anthracnose
50Value significantly is lower than the conventional dose carbendazim, and is the strongest with the inhibitory action of methoxy acrylic medicament Enestroburin, EC
50Value is 0.36 μ g/ml, and the inhibitory action of benzimidazole medicament carbendazim is the most weak, EC
50Value is up to 198.85 μ g/ml.
2.4 different bactericide are to the influence of cucumber anthracnose spore germination
Table 3
Adopt the spore germination method to carry out cucumber anthracnose the sensitivity testing of different medicaments be the results are shown in Table 3.The result shows in the table, measure with the spore germination method, methoxy acrylic medicament Fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, Enestroburin to the inhibitory action of cucumber anthracnose spore germination apparently higher than other medicament, EC
50Value only is 0.1～0.2 μ g/ml.Benzimidazole medicament carbendazim and protectant tpn, tmtd are to the EC of cucumber anthracnose
50Value is lower than result's (seeing Table 2) that identical medicament colony diameter method records, and illustrates that these a few class medicaments are better than inhibitory action to mycelial growth to the inhibitory action of spore germination; And triazole type medicament alkene azoles alcohol, own azoles alcohol, Tebuconazole, nitrile bacterium azoles, Flusilazole are to the EC of cucumber anthracnose in the spore germination method
50Value is higher than the EC that identical medicament records with the colony diameter method
50Value illustrates that the triazole type medicament has stronger inhibitory action to mycelial growth.It can also be seen that simultaneously cucumber anthracnose has all showed higher susceptibility to methoxy acrylic medicament Fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, Enestroburin in two kinds of assay methods, the EC that the colony diameter method records
50Value is respectively 1.24,2.25,0.36 μ g/ml, the EC that the spore germination method records
50Value is respectively 0.01,0.02,0.02 μ g/ml; And least responsive to the performance of benzimidazole medicament carbendazim, the EC that colony diameter method and spore germination method record
50Value is respectively 198.85 and 87.62 μ g/ml.
2.5 different bactericide are to the protection effect of cucumber anthracnose
Table 4
Annotate: in the table in Fluoxastrobin and the Enestroburin production using dosage be 166.7 μ g/mL.
Data as can be seen from table 4, with pot experiment measure each test medicine produce in using dosage to the protection effect of cucumber anthracnose with Enestroburin for the highest by 82.13%, secondly be Fluoxastrobin, Difenoconazole, Flusilazole, the control efficiency of these four kinds of medicaments all is higher than benzimidazole medicament carbendazim and protectant tmtd, tpn; And the methoxy acrylate series bactericidal agent is higher than triazole bactericidal agent to the protection effect of cucumber anthracnose.Kresoxim-methyl is not seen application aborning, and its control efficiency is a little less than similar medicament Fluoxastrobin and Enestroburin.
2.6 different bactericide are to the therapeutic action of cucumber anthracnose
Table 5
As shown in Table 5; each test medicine all is higher than conventional dose carbendazim and protectant tmtd, tpn to the result of treatment of cucumber anthracnose; and the control efficiency of methoxy acrylate series bactericidal agent Enestroburin and triazole bactericidal agent Difenoconazole is higher than other medicament; difference is not remarkable between the two; wherein the result of treatment of Difenoconazole 50 μ g/mL is the highest, is 86.11%.
Indoor pot experiment shows; spore germination has stronger inhibitory action to the methoxy acrylate series bactericidal agent to cucumber anthracnose; inhibitory action to mycelial growth is also stronger simultaneously; cucumber anthracnose has been showed excellent protection and therapeutic action, and this type of medicament can be used in cucumber anthracnose and take place before or their early stage.Triazole bactericidal agent has stronger therapeutic action to cucumber anthracnose, this has stronger inhibitory action to conform to triazole bactericidal agent to the cucumber anthracnose mycelial growth, infect initial stage medication controlled germ in disease and in plant corpus, grow and spread, reach the better prevention effect.
Experimental example 2 methoxy acrylic bactericides or triazole bactericidal agent and protectant binary built bactericide are to the control efficiency experiment of cucumber anthracnose
1 materials and methods
With experimental example 1.
2 results and analysis
2.1 influence to the cucumber anthracnose mycelial growth
Table 6
Annotate: 0.5≤SR≤1.5, addition; SR〉1.5, synergy; SR＜0.5, antagonism.
As can be seen from Table 6, show as synergistic effect after methoxy acrylic medicament kresoxim-methyl and Enestroburin and protectant tpn are mixed, the ratio synergism value with 1: 13 when wherein kresoxim-methyl mixes with tpn is the highest more, and coefficient of synergism is 3.55; Ratio synergism value with 1: 8 when Enestroburin mixes with tpn is the highest, and coefficient of synergism is 5.01; Two kinds of methoxy acrylic medicament kresoxim-methyls and Enestroburin have showed higher toxicity to cucumber anthracnose, are suitable for further studying as the active ingredient of complex preparation in producing.
Table 7
Annotate: 0.5≤SR≤1.5, addition; SR〉1.5, synergy; SR＜0.5, antagonism.
From table 7 data as can be seen, the two is mixed Difenoconazole and tpn the most ratios of cucumber anthracnose mycelial growth is shown as summation action, and Difenoconazole mixes with 1: 7 ratio with tpn and shows as synergistic effect, coefficient of synergism is 1.89.
Table 8
Annotate: 0.5≤SR≤1.5, addition; SR〉1.5, synergy; SR＜0.5, antagonism.
Each proportioning all showed as synergistic effect after data show in the table 8, Flusilazole and tmtd were mixed, and is the highest with 1: 9 ratio synergistic blend coefficient of synergism, is 2.30.
Table 9
Annotate: 0.5≤SR≤1.5, addition; SR〉1.5, synergy; SR＜0.5, antagonism.
As shown in Table 9, the combination that is mixed of triazole type medicament Flusilazole and protectant tpn is stronger to the inhibitory action of cucumber anthracnose mycelia growth, shows as synergistic effect more, and wherein Flusilazole and tpn are the highest with 1: 11 the ratio synergism value that is mixed, and are 4.15.
Data as can be seen from table 6-9, methoxy acrylic bactericide kresoxim-methyl, Enestroburin and tpn, triazole bactericidal agent Difenoconazole, Flusilazole and tpn, Flusilazole close with tmtd different blended combo all has different proportionings that the growth of cucumber anthracnose mycelia is shown as synergistic effect.
2.2 protection effect to cucumber anthracnose
Table 10
As shown in Table 10; when Difenoconazole and tpn are mixed the preparation working concentration that forms when being 50 μ g/mL with the ratio of 1: 5 and 1: 7; protection effect to cucumber anthracnose is respectively 97.89% and 96.62%, all is significantly higher than the protection effect under each single agent and the variable concentrations condition.The control efficiency of other each respective concentration also all was higher than each single agent and mixed ratio 1: 9.
Table 11
As can be seen from Table 11, under blank disease index condition with higher, after being mixed, methoxy acrylic bactericide kresoxim-methyl, Enestroburin and tpn showed higher synergistic effect, wherein obvious with two proportioning synergistic effects in 1: 11,1: 13 in the compounded combination of kresoxim-methyl and tpn, 50 μ g/mL are respectively 95.41% and 97.71% to the protection effect of cucumber anthracnose; The most obvious in the compounded combination of Enestroburin and tpn with four proportioning synergistic effects in 1: 6,1: 8,1: 10,1: 12,50 μ g/mL to the protection effect of cucumber anthracnose all more than 95%.
2.3 result of treatment to cucumber anthracnose
Table 12
As can be seen from Table 12, kresoxim-methyl and tpn were with 1: 11 and 1: 13, Enestroburin and tpn were with 1: 8 and 1: 10, after Difenoconazole and tpn are mixed with 1: 5 and 1: 7 ratio, when working concentration is 50 μ g/mL, result of treatment to cucumber anthracnose is respectively 85.28% and 88.96%, 91.96% and 88.34%, 83.44% and 87.12%, all is significantly higher than the result of treatment of other chemicals treatment.
Experimental example 3 field trials
One, test objective
Checking mixture preparation 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder is to the best field using dosage of cucumber anthracnose, and the test medicament indicates benefit biological influence and medicament drug effect and safe and rational operation technique to crop and non-handle.
Two, experimental condition
1. trial crops and target
Trial crops is a cucumber, and kind is green No. 3 of Tianjin; Subjects is anthracnose (Colletotrichum orbiculare);
2. environmental condition
Test site is positioned at test site, Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei province, cold canopy cultivation, and preceding crop is a cucumber, and physical features is smooth, and soil property is a loam, and water and fertilizer condition is better, and mu is executed chicken manure 3m before the plantation
3, spacing in the rows 0.3m, the width line-spacing is respectively 1m and 0.4m, field planting by the end of August.The cultivation condition uniformity, the Pass Test requirement.
Three, experimental scheme and arrangement
1. medicament
1.1 test medicine and treatment dosage
Test medicine is: 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder.
Chemicals treatment is: 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder 421.88g/hm
2(800 times), 337.50g/hm
2(1000 times), 281.25g/hm
2(1200 times).
1.2 contrast medicament
The contrast chemicals treatment is: 25% Enestroburin missible oil 112.50g/hm
2(1500 times), the Shenyang Chemical Engineering Inst trial (demonstration) plant produces; 75% tpn wetting powder 632.81g/hm
2(800 times), Syngenta Co.,Ltd produces.
2. arrange the sub-district
2.1 arrange the sub-district: randomized arrangement is adopted in the experimental plot.
2.2 sub-district area and repetition
If 3 processing of test medicine, contrast medicament 2 processing, 1 processing of blank repeats for 4 times, totally 24 sub-districts, sub-district area 16m
2
3. insecticide-applying way
3.1 spraying time and number of times
During the fragmentary scab of first meeting with medicine (September 15) for the first time, respectively at September 23, September 30 with second and medicine for the third time, shared medicine three times.
3.2 use apparatus and application method:
Adopt Jacto-40 type knapsack hand sprayer spray pesticide, spraying is evenly thoughtful, is blank with the clear water.With amount of liquid medicine is 675L/hm
2
3.3 meteorological data
Duration of test does not have the harsh weather influence, and 23～35 ℃ of temperature of shed watered once in per 5～7 days, and air humidity is bigger in the canopy, is suitable for the generation of disease.
Four, investigation
1. investigation method and grade scale
Every sub-district is got 5 investigation at random, every some investigation 3 strains, and 5～10 blades are investigated in every strain from top to bottom, account for the percentage classification of whole leaf area by scab on the blade.
Grade scale:
0 grade: no scab;
1 grade: scab accounts for below 5% of whole leaf area;
3 grades: scab accounts for 6～10% of whole leaf area;
5 grades: scab accounts for 11～25% of whole leaf area;
7 grades: scab accounts for 26～50% of whole leaf area;
9 grades: scab accounts for more than 50% of whole leaf area.
2. control time
State of an illness radix is zero (September 15) before the dispenser; 8 days (October 8) investigation incidence after the medication for the third time.
3. drug effect computational methods
Field investigation is respectively handled the disease number of sheets and is write down the state of an illness, calculates disease index, relative control effect according to above stage division, and The data Deng Kenshi duncan's new multiple range method (DMRT) carries out statistical analysis.
Five, result and analysis
1. three treatment dosage 421.88g/hm of 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder as can be seen from Table 13,
2, 337.50g/hm
2And 281.25g/hm
2Field control effect to cucumber anthracnose is respectively 91.30%, 85.02% and 79.96%, and control efficiency increases with concentration and improves significant difference between the three; Contrast medicament 25% Enestroburin 112.50g/hm
2With 75% tpn 632.81g/hm
2Field control effect to cucumber anthracnose is respectively 87.13% and 72.48%, wherein 25% Enestroburin 112.50g/hm
2Control efficiency and test medicine 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder treatment dosage 421.88g/hm
2, 337.50g/hm
2Control efficiency between difference not obvious, and be significantly higher than treatment dosage 281.25g/hm
2, 75% tpn 632.81g/hm
2Control efficiency be lower than test medicine 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder treatment dosage 281.25g/hm
2Control efficiency, but difference is not remarkable between the two, and significantly is lower than 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder treatment dosage 421.88g/hm
2, 337.50g/hm
2
2. according to observations, the above dosage of test medicine does not have the poisoning phenomenon to cucumber growth, and is harmless to other biology.
3. binary mixture preparation 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder has the better prevention effect to cucumber anthracnose, can use in the field, and the suggestion using dosage is 281.25g/hm
2～421.88g/hm
2, premorbid or initial stage spray, general logotype three times, and the medication interval phase is 7～10 days.
Table 13
Experimental example 4 field trials
One, test objective
Test mixture preparation 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder is to the best field using dosage of watermelon anthrax, and the test medicament indicates benefit biological influence and medicament drug effect and safe and rational operation technique to crop and non-handle.
Two, experimental condition
1. trial crops and target
Trial crops is a watermelon, and kind is an Xinhongbao; Subjects is anthracnose (Colletotrichum orbiculare);
2. environmental condition
The experimental field is positioned at south, Baoding, Hebei province Gao Zhuan, is little arched roof plastic mulching watermelon, sowing on April 6, spacing in the rows 70cm, line-spacing 170cm after planting detains film, take off film and be tiled in ground May 16 when daily temperature reaches 20 ℃, take off the fertilising of watering behind the film, and urea 50g is executed in every strain.Preceding crop is a watermelon, and watermelon blight takes place over the years.Experimental field water and fertilizer condition is better, and mu is executed the chicken manure 1.2m that becomes thoroughly decomposed before the plantation
3, composite fertilizer 30kg.The cultivation management term harmonization, the Pass Test requirement.
Three, experimental scheme and arrangement
1. medicament
1.1 test medicine and treatment dosage
Test medicine is: 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder.
Chemicals treatment is: 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder 421.88g/hm
2(800 times), 337.50g/hm
2(1000 times), 281.25g/hm
2(1200 times).
1.2 contrast medicament
The contrast chemicals treatment is: 25% Enestroburin missible oil 112.50g/hm
2(1500 times), the Shenyang Chemical Engineering Inst trial (demonstration) plant produces; 75% tpn wetting powder 632.81g/hm
2(800 times), Syngenta Co.,Ltd produces.
2. arrange the sub-district
2.1 arrange the sub-district: randomized arrangement is adopted in the experimental plot.
2.2 sub-district area and repetition
If 3 processing of test medicine, contrast medicament 2 processing, 1 processing of blank repeats for 4 times, totally 24 sub-districts, sub-district area 45m
2General every strain is stayed climing several three, and the more weak plant of indivedual growths stays climing two.
3. insecticide-applying way
3.1 spraying time and number of times
During the fragmentary scab of first meeting with medicine (May 19) for the first time, respectively at May 26, June 4 with second and medicine for the third time, shared medicine three times.
3.2 use apparatus and application method:
Adopt Jacto-40 type knapsack hand sprayer spray pesticide, spraying is evenly thoughtful, is blank with the clear water.With amount of liquid medicine is 675L/hm
2
3.3 meteorological data
Duration of test does not have the harsh weather influence, and 19～31 ℃ of temperature spit during the dispenser 3 times, drizzle or moderate rain and heavy rain 3 times, and rainfall 90mm is suitable for the generation of disease.
Four, investigation
1. investigation method and grade scale
Every sub-district is got 5 investigation at random, every some investigation 3 strains, and every strain is along climing investigation 10 blades, the percentage classification that accounts for whole leaf area by scab on the blade.
Grade scale:
0 grade: no scab;
1 grade: scab accounts for below 5% of whole leaf area;
3 grades: scab accounts for 6～10% of whole leaf area;
5 grades: scab accounts for 11～25% of whole leaf area;
7 grades: scab accounts for 26～50% of whole leaf area;
9 grades: scab accounts for more than 50% of whole leaf area.
2. control time
State of an illness radix is zero (May 19) before the dispenser; 10 days (June 14) investigation incidence after the medication for the third time.
3. drug effect computational methods
Field investigation is respectively handled the disease number of sheets and is write down the state of an illness, calculates disease index, relative control effect according to above stage division, and The data Deng Kenshi duncan's new multiple range method (DMRT) carries out statistical analysis.
Five, result and analysis
1. three treatment dosage 421.88g/hm of 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder as can be seen from Table 14,
2, 337.50g/hm
2And 281.25g/hm
2Field control effect to watermelon anthrax is respectively 90.63%, 89.13% and 77.38%, and control efficiency increases with concentration and improves, and control efficiency is close between the above two, and difference is not remarkable, and is significantly higher than the 3rd treatment dosage; Contrast medicament 25% Enestroburin 112.50g/hm
2With 75% tpn 632.81g/hm
2Field control effect to watermelon anthrax is respectively 87.57% and 69.71%, wherein 25% Enestroburin 112.50g/hm
2Control efficiency and test medicine 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder treatment dosage 421.88g/hm
2, 337.50g/hm
2Control efficiency between difference not remarkable, and be significantly higher than treatment dosage 281.25g/hm
2, 75% tpn 632.81g/hm
2Control efficiency significantly be lower than the control efficiency of three treatment dosage of test medicine 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder.
2. according to observations, the above dosage of test medicine does not have the poisoning phenomenon to cucumber growth, and is harmless to other biology.
3. binary mixture preparation 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder has the better prevention effect to cucumber anthracnose, can use in the field, and the suggestion working concentration is 281.25g/hm
2～421.88g/hm
2, premorbid or initial stage spray, general logotype three times, and the medication interval phase is 7～10 days.
Table 14
Experimental example 5 field trials
One, test objective
The test mixture preparation: 40% Difenoconazole tpn wetting powder is to the best field using dosage of bitter rot or anthracnose of grape, and the test medicament indicates benefit biological influence and medicament drug effect and safe and rational operation technique to crop and non-handle.
Two, experimental condition
1. trial crops and target
Trial crops is a grape, and kind is huge peak; Subjects is anthracnose (Glomerella cingulata);
2. environmental condition
Test is located at Ge Tiaogang village, Ge Tiaogang township, Changli County, Hebei province, and this ground belongs to coastal small towns, and temperature is lower, humidity is bigger, and the suitable anthracnose of weather conditions takes place.This ground varieties of plant is mainly huge peak, the age of tree 6 years, pergola cultivation, spacing in the rows 1.0m, line-spacing 2.5m.
Three, experimental scheme and arrangement
1. medicament
1.1 test medicine and treatment dosage
Test medicine is: 40% Difenoconazole tpn wetting powder.
Chemicals treatment is: 1000 times, 1200 times, 1400 times of 40% Difenoconazole tpn wetting powders.
1.2 contrast medicament
The contrast chemicals treatment is: 2000 times of 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granules, and Syngenta Co.,Ltd produces; 800 times of 75% tpn wetting powders, Syngenta Co.,Ltd produces.
2. arrange the sub-district
2.1 arrange the sub-district: randomized arrangement is adopted in the experimental plot.
2.2 sub-district area and repetition
If 3 processing of test medicine, contrast medicament 2 processing, 1 processing of blank repeats for 4 times, totally 24 sub-districts, every sub-district area is 8 strain vines, establishes guard row.
3. insecticide-applying way
3.1 spraying time and number of times
Fruit colour-change period begins with medicine (July 18) for the first time, respectively at July 25, August 3 with second and medicine for the third time, shared medicine three times.
3.2 use apparatus and application method:
Adopt the dispenser of high pressure pedal atomizer spray, spraying is evenly thoughtful, is blank with the clear water.With amount of liquid medicine is 120L/ mu.
3.3 meteorological data
Duration of test does not have the harsh weather influence, 16～32 ℃ of temperature, and rainfall 154mm is suitable for the generation of disease.
Four, investigation
1. investigation method and grade scale
Every sub-district is selected 3 strains at random, every strain by upper and lower, left and right, in 5 samplings, get 2 fruit ears at every, investigate the total fruit grain number and the sick fruit grain number of whole fruit ear, calculate diseased fruit rate and control efficiency.
2. control time
State of an illness radix is zero (July 18) before the dispenser; 8 days (August 11) investigation incidence after the medication for the third time.
3. drug effect computational methods
Each handles field investigation sick fruit number and writes down the state of an illness, calculates diseased fruit rate, relative control effect, and The data Deng Kenshi duncan's new multiple range method (DMRT) carries out statistical analysis.
Five, result and analysis
1. as can be seen from Table 15,1000 times, 1200 times, 1400 times field control effects to bitter rot or anthracnose of grape of three treatment dosage of 40% Difenoconazole tpn wetting powder are respectively 91.42%, 85.65% and 77.35%, control efficiency increases with concentration and improves significant difference between the three; 2000 times of contrast medicament 10% Difenoconazoles and 800 times of field control effects to bitter rot or anthracnose of grape of 75% tpn are respectively 83.18% and 60.67%, wherein difference is not obvious between the control efficiency of 1200 times of the control efficiency of 2000 times of 10% Difenoconazoles and test medicine 40% Difenoconazole tpn wetting powders, and significantly is lower than 1000 times, is higher than 1400 times control efficiency; The control efficiency that 75% tpn is 800 times all significantly is lower than the control efficiency of three concentration of treatment of test medicine 40% Difenoconazole tpn wetting powder.
2. according to observations, the above dosage of test medicine does not have the poisoning phenomenon to grape growth, and is harmless to other biology.
3. binary mixture preparation 40% Difenoconazole tpn wetting powder has the better prevention effect to bitter rot or anthracnose of grape, can use in the field, the suggestion working concentration is 1000～1400 times, and premorbid or initial stage spray, general logotype three times, the medication interval phase is 7～10 days.
Table 15
Experimental example 6 field trials
One, test objective
The test mixture preparation: 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder is to the best field using dosage of pepper anthracnose, and the test medicament indicates benefit biological influence and medicament drug effect and safe and rational operation technique to crop and non-handle.
Two, experimental condition
1. trial crops and target
Trial crops is a capsicum, and kind is 9387; Subjects is anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides);
2. environmental condition
The experimental field is positioned at Bei Zhuantou village, Dingxing County, Hebei province, is cold canopy cultivation, and April 12 transplanted, and about several 3500 strains of mu seedling, preceding crop is a cucumber.Experimental field water and fertilizer condition is better, and mu is executed well-rotted farmyard manure 5m before the plantation
3, composite fertilizer 20kg.The cultivation management term harmonization, the Pass Test requirement.
Three, experimental scheme and arrangement
1. medicament
1.1 test medicine and treatment dosage
Test medicine is: 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder.
Chemicals treatment is: 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder 421.88g/hm
2(800 times), 337.50g/hm
2(1000 times), 281.25g/hm
2(1200 times).
1.2 contrast medicament
The contrast chemicals treatment is: 25% Enestroburin missible oil 112.50g/hm
2(1500 times), the Shenyang Chemical Engineering Inst trial (demonstration) plant produces; 75% tpn wetting powder 632.81g/hm
2(800 times), Syngenta Co.,Ltd produces.
2. arrange the sub-district
2.1 arrange the sub-district: randomized arrangement is adopted in the experimental plot.
2.2 sub-district area and repetition
If 3 processing of test medicine, contrast medicament 2 processing, 1 processing of blank repeats for 4 times, totally 24 sub-districts, sub-district area 30m
2
3. insecticide-applying way
3.1 spraying time and number of times
During the fragmentary scab of first meeting with medicine (May 10) for the first time, respectively at May 18, May 25 with second and medicine for the third time, shared medicine three times.
3.2 use apparatus and application method:
Adopt Jacto-40 type knapsack hand sprayer spray pesticide, spraying is evenly thoughtful, is blank with the clear water.With amount of liquid medicine is 675L/hm
2
3.3 meteorological data
Duration of test does not have the harsh weather influence, and 15～30 ℃ of temperature spit during the dispenser repeatedly, heavy rain 1 time, and rainfall 75mm is suitable for the generation of disease.
Four, investigation
1. investigation method and grade scale
50 fruits of every sub-district investigation go up the percentage classification that lesion area accounts for whole fruit area by fruit.
Grade scale:
0 grade: no scab;
1 grade: lesion area accounts for below 2% of fruit area;
3 grades: lesion area accounts for 3～8% of fruit area;
5 grades: lesion area accounts for 9～15% of fruit area;
7 grades: lesion area accounts for 16～25% of fruit area;
9 grades: lesion area accounts for more than 25% of fruit area.
2. control time
State of an illness radix is zero (May 10) before the dispenser; 10 days (June 4) investigation incidence after the medication for the third time.
3. drug effect computational methods
Each handles field investigation sick fruit number and writes down the state of an illness, calculates disease index, relative control effect according to above stage division, and The data Deng Kenshi duncan's new multiple range method (DMRT) carries out statistical analysis.
Five, result and analysis
1. three treatment dosage 421.88g/hm of 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder as can be seen from Table 16,
2, 337.50g/hm
2And 281.25g/hm
2Field control effect to pepper anthracnose is respectively 88.37%, 83.37% and 78.24%, and control efficiency increases with concentration and improves middle dosage 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder 337.50g/hm
2With high dose 421.88g/hm
2With low dosage 281.25g/hm
2Between all difference is not remarkable, and high dose 421.88g/hm
2Control efficiency be significantly higher than low dosage 281.25g/hm
2Contrast medicament 25% Enestroburin 112.50g/hm
2With 75% tpn 632.81g/hm
2Field control effect to pepper anthracnose is respectively 84.05% and 61.78%, significant difference between the two, wherein 25% Enestroburin 112.50g/hm
2Control efficiency and the control efficiency of three treatment dosage of test medicine 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder between difference not remarkable, 75% tpn 632.81g/hm
2Control efficiency significantly be lower than the control efficiency of three treatment dosage of test medicine 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder.
2. according to observations, the above dosage of test medicine does not have the poisoning phenomenon to chili growth, and is harmless to other biology.
3. binary mixture preparation 50% Enestroburin tpn wetting powder has the better prevention effect to pepper anthracnose, can use in the field, and the suggestion using dosage is 281.25g/hm
2～421.88g/hm
2, premorbid or initial stage spray, general logotype three times, and the medication interval phase is 7～10 days.
Table 16
Claims (6)
1. composite bactericide of preventing and treating fruit and vegetable anthracnose is characterized in that it is made up of active component, filler and auxiliary agent, and the composition of wherein said active component is counted by ratio of weight and the number of copies: kresoxim-methyl: tpn=1: 11～13.
2. composite bactericide as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described filler is selected from one or more in white carbon, kaolin, fine particle calcium carbonate, diatomite or the bentonite.
3. the purposes of composite bactericide as claimed in claim 1 in the control cucumber anthracnose.
4. composite bactericide of preventing and treating fruit and vegetable anthracnose is characterized in that it is made up of active component, filler and auxiliary agent, and the composition of wherein said active component is counted by ratio of weight and the number of copies: Enestroburin: tpn=1: 6～12.
5. composite bactericide as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that described filler is selected from one or more in white carbon, kaolin, fine particle calcium carbonate, diatomite or the bentonite.
6. the purposes of composite bactericide as claimed in claim 4 in control cucumber anthracnose, watermelon anthrax, pepper anthracnose.
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| CN102308822B (en) * | 2007-10-15 | 2013-08-14 | 张少武 | Bactericide composition containing active ingredients of metiram |
| CN101258854B (en) * | 2008-04-10 | 2010-11-17 | 江苏宝灵化工股份有限公司 | Carbamate and protective fungicide composition and use |
| CN101496518B (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2013-07-17 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Eugenol and myclobutanil compositional bactericidal agent for preventing and treating anthracnose of crop |
| CN101999351A (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2011-04-06 | 鹿连明 | Thick suspending agent with concentration of 30% for treating asparagus diseases |
| CN101933514B (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2013-03-13 | 江苏七洲绿色化工股份有限公司 | Bactericidal composite with triazole bactericide and chlorothalonil |
| CN101953348A (en) * | 2010-10-13 | 2011-01-26 | 山东农业大学 | Thermal aerosol containing chlorothalonil and other components used for controlling plastic shed cucumber downy mildew |
| CN102461514A (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2012-05-23 | 上海升联化工有限公司 | Sterilization composition containing chlorothalonil and tebuconazole and application thereof |
| CN102835408A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2012-12-26 | 河北双吉化工有限公司 | Suspension compounded from difenoconazole and mancozeb and preparation method for suspension |
| CN104094941A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-10-15 | 江苏七洲绿色化工股份有限公司 | Sterilization composition containing benzothiostrobin and chlorothalonil and application thereof |
| CN113615710B (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-05-20 | 南京凯创协同纳米技术有限公司 | Preparation and application of micro-nano zinc capable of inhibiting fruit and vegetable pathogenic fungi |
| CN114128753B (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2024-09-24 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Antibacterial fresh-keeping composition for picked subtropical fruits |
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