CN103518750B - High-efficiency compound biological bactericide and application thereof - Google Patents
High-efficiency compound biological bactericide and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103518750B CN103518750B CN201310476873.5A CN201310476873A CN103518750B CN 103518750 B CN103518750 B CN 103518750B CN 201310476873 A CN201310476873 A CN 201310476873A CN 103518750 B CN103518750 B CN 103518750B
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- sophocarpidine
- matrine
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-efficiency low-toxicity low-residue compound biological bactericide comprising eugenol and sophocarpidine, and particularly relates to the research on application of the bactericide in the prevention and treatment of grape downy mildew. The high-efficiency low-toxicity low-residue compound biological bactericide is a mixed preparation prepared by the binary combination of active ingredients of plant source compounds, namely the eugenol and the sophocarpidine in a ratio of 1: 40-40: 1, and when the ratio of the eugenol to the sophocarpidine is 1: 10-15: 1, the mixed preparation has an obvious synergistic effect and high inhibition activity to the grape downy mildew. The eugenol-sophocarpidine compound biological bactericide has a prominent effect in the prevention and treatment of grape downy mildew and shows a synergistic effect and a bactericidal effect. The dosage of the eugenol-sophocarpidine compound biological bactericide is low relatively, so that the eugenol-sophocarpidine compound biological bactericide has good safety for crops. The eugenol-sophocarpidine compound biological bactericide has wide application prospect and development value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Efficient complex biological fungicide and application thereof, in particular, what the present invention relates to is a kind of biogenic bactericide for preventing and treating downy mildew of garpe.
Background technology
For a long time, using chemical bactericide is the Main Means preventing and treating crop pest, a large amount of chemical pesticide use the many side effects such as pesticide resistance, residue of pesticide causing agricultural ecological structural damage, controlling object, this to crops industry impact particularly outstanding.The public is to the close attention of food security; the day by day gradually high cry of global protection environment; require that scientific research personnel finds effectively and the prevention and controls of safety, therefore development and utilization and environment have compatibility, the biopesticide resource harmless to the mankind is subject to the favor of various countries day by day.
Biogenic pesticide is also known as " biopesticide ", refer to the agricultural chemicals utilizing bio-resource exploitation, its active ingredient is that nature exists, have low toxicity, pollution-free, selectivity strong, be easy to degraded, in ecotope accumulation toxicity possibility little, there is the characteristics such as Environmental compatibility.Having guarantee effect to the ever-increasing organic food of demand, pollution-free food, avoid or alleviate the negative effect that applied chemistry agricultural chemicals causes, and have and make pathogen be difficult to advantages such as developing immunity to drugs, is desirable agricultural chemicals type.Matrine is a kind of alkaloid in shrubby sophora extract, and in fact the matrine Pesticidal products of our usual indication refers to the whole active substances extracted from kuh-seng, and it is called Banlangen, is called for short matrine.The bactericidal activity composition of kuh-seng can suppress the biosynthesis of thalline, can affect mycelial biological oxidation process again, and fungicidal spectrum is comparatively wide, all has inhibitory action to fungi, bacterium, virus.Simultaneously matrine have insect tag, stomach toxicity, interior suction, avoid keep away, food refusal, sterilization, interference decortication, paralysis central nervous system, the biologically actives such as polypide protein coagulation, polypide pore block, and suffocate pests is dead.Eugenol is present in caryophyllus oil, cinnamon leaves oil, cassia oil, camphorated oil, nutmeg wet goods, can separate by caryophyllus oil.Eugenol by leaf, stem, the root absorption of plant, and oriented upper conduction function and safety, environmental protection noresidue, medicine effect for treating is rapid, and the lasting period is long.After the crop spraying medicine of having fallen ill, bacterium spore is modification at once, is disappeared by dissolving.Matrine, eugenol enjoy the concern of clinician, scientific research circle and patient in recent years, are also applied by R&D institution and producer's used as pesticides simultaneously.Eugenol and matrine compound are used for preventing and treating downy mildew of garpe and have not been reported.
Downy mildew of garpe main harm blade, also can infect the tender tissues such as the tender tip, inflorescence, young fruit.Downy mildew of garpe almost all has distribution in each viny region of China, mostly occurs in the more area of rainwater and time, starts to occur in 5 ~ June.In the plant disease epidemic time, sick leaf scorch is withered caducous, sick tip distortion, depauperation, very large to tree vigo(u)r and yield effect, is one of Major Diseases on grape.Now, for preventing and treating the agricultural chemicals mainly chemical pesticide of downy mildew of garpe in production, but the strong biogenic bactericide application of low toxicity, low-residual, selectivity also seldom.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of efficient, low toxicity, low-residual, composite bactericide containing eugenol and matrine, and another object of the present invention additionally provides the purposes of this composite bactericide, and this composite bactericide can prevent and treat downy mildew of garpe.The present invention has inquired into eugenol and the application of complex composition in agriculture field thereof, especially completes for downy mildew of garpe study on prevention.
A kind of Efficient complex biological fungicide, special character is that its active ingredient comprises eugenol and matrine, and the quality proportioning of eugenol and matrine carries out binary built with 1:40 ~ 40:1, and its enhancing proportions is 1:10 ~ 15:1, and best in quality proportioning is 1:5.
Described eugenol and the weight percentage of matrine in whole composite bactericide are respectively eugenol 0.01% ~ 3%, matrine 0.01% ~ 5%, and surplus is customary adjuvant additive.
Composite bactericide of the present invention is preparing the application prevented and treated in downy mildew of garpe medicine.
The present invention is used alone and the composite rear effect to downy mildew of garpe by Toxicity Determination and field trial biogenic pesticide eugenol and matrine, establish the optimal proportion of two biogenic pesticides, for production and application, to reach the object reducing Pesticide environment and pollute, control germ pesticide resistance generation development.
Eugenol and single matrine are applied to respectively prevents and treats downy mildew of garpe and all has certain control efficiency, and eugenol and matrine compound application prevent and treat downy mildew of garpe, show obvious synergistic effect.There is following advantage:
1, there is synergistic effect.Eugenol and matrine are all to show synergistic effect in the ratio range of 1:10 ~ 15:1, and wherein maximum with the proportioning synergy of 1:5, coefficient of synergism is 1.91.
2, composite bactericide decreases the input amount of medicament.Not only increase the field efficacy preventing and treating downy mildew of garpe after composite, compared with mixing liquid with bucket, 1000,1250,1500 times of liquid decreases the pesticidal preparations consumption of 42.86%, 54.29% and 61.90% respectively.
3, biogenic pesticide eugenol is different with the matrine mode of action, not easily makes germ develop immunity to drugs after composite.
Embodiment
Below provide the specific embodiment of the present invention, be used for being further described formation of the present invention.
Application example
One, indoor bioassay test
(1) test method
1 experimental condition
Experiment target is designated as downy mildew of garpe (Plasmopara viticola), and sample picks up from field.
2 instrument and equipments
Instrument and equipment mainly contains electronic balance, spraying apparatus, climatic cabinate, bio-incubator, culture dish, pipettor etc.
3 experimental scheme
3.1 examination materials prepare
Select grape susceptible variety ruby, from up to down 4 ~ 6 leaf positions, the blade that clip same area, growing way are consistent, be placed in culture dish with wet cotton balls parcel petiole, moisturizing is for subsequent use.
3.2 test medicine
The former medicine of 20% matrine, Tian Zhirun bio tech ltd, Shaanxi product; 98% eugenol, Vad, Community of Jin Tan County city dragon Chemical Co., Ltd. product; The former medicine of 98% dimethomorph, ShenYang, Liaoning Province good harvest agricultural chemicals Co., Ltd product; 1.5% eugenol matrine compound bactericide, academy of agricultural sciences of Yantai City prepares.
3.3 test procedure
3.3.1 sporangia suspension preparation
Get the sick leaf of new fresh grape of field natural occurrence, after the sporangium with the clean surface of tap water, be placed in moisturizing 24h under 22 DEG C of conditions, cultivate fresh sporangium.With clean writing brush by Fresh spores capsule brush in sterile distilled water, be made into sporangia suspension.Adjust sporangia suspension concentration to 5 × 10 under the microscope
5individual/mL is used for test determination.
3.3.2 medicament preparation
Severally treat that reagent agent is dissolved, be made into 10000mg/L mother liquor for subsequent use.Each eugenol and matrine compound ratio are all diluted to 5 ~ 7 concentration gradients.
3.3.3 chemicals treatment
Liquid is evenly sprayed in vacuum side of blade, after liquid natural air drying, each process blade and blade is gone up dorsad, is emitted in moisture preservation box by after marks for treatment.Test is established and is not made blank containing the process of medicament.
3.3.4 leaf disk method (Schwinn etc., 1982)
With card punch, the strong leaf spraying medicament is broken into the leaf dish of diameter 1cm, be put in the culture dish containing wet filter paper, every ware 10 leaf dishes, often process in triplicate, are inoculated in leaf dish back side central authorities with ready Fresh spores capsule suspension drop 10 μ L.Ware lid on inoculation bonnet, is placed in phytotron, and at continuous illumination/dark 12h alternately, cultivation temperature is 22 DEG C, 5 ~ 7d experimental investigation result.
4 investigation methods
The incidence of each process is investigated according to leaf dish severity Scaling method.
Disease investigation adopts 6 grades of Recording Methods of National Standard of the People's Republic of China-field efficacy experiment criterion (two), and the percentage accounting for leaf disc area according to lesion area divides disease level: 0 grade, without scab; 1 grade, lesion area accounts for less than 5% of whole leaf area; 3 grades, lesion area accounts for 6% ~ 25% of whole leaf area; 5 grades, lesion area accounts for 26% ~ 50% of whole leaf area; 7 grades, lesion area accounts for 51% ~ 75% of whole leaf area; 9 grades, lesion area accounts for more than 75% of whole leaf area.
5 data statistics and analysis
5.1 computational methods
5.2 statistical analysis
Preventive effect probability value according to each drug concentration logarithm value and correspondence does regression analysis, calculates the EC of each medicament
50deng numerical value.Calculate the coefficient of synergism (SR) of mixture according to Wadley method, evaluate the synergy type of mixture.Evaluate the synergistic effect of pharmacy mix according to coefficient of synergism (SR), namely SR<0.5 is antagonism, and 0.5≤SR≤1.5 are summation action, and SR>1.5 is synergistic effect.Coefficient of synergism (SR) is by following formulae discovery:
In formula: X
1---the EC of mixture
50theoretical value, unit is mg/L; P
a---the percentage composition of A in mixture, unit is %; P
b---the percentage composition of B in mixture, unit is %; The EC of A in A---mixture
50value, unit is mg/L; The EC of B in B---mixture
50value, unit is mg/L;
In formula: the coefficient of synergism of SR---mixture; X
1---mixture EC
50theoretical value, unit mg/L; X
2---mixture EC
50measured value, unit mg/L.
(2) result of the test
Adopt leaf disk method to have rated eugenol and matrine two kinds of single doses and different ratio mixture thereof to the control efficiency of downy mildew of garpe, result shows that two kinds of single dose indoor all show good inhibition to Plasmopara viticola, EC
50be respectively 0.7089mg/L and 11.6664mg/L.The EC of the conventional medicament dimethomorph of field control downy mildew
50for 5.5628mg/L.Eugenol and matrine active ingredient ratio all show synergistic effect when being 1:10 ~ 15:1, and especially the synergy of 1:5 proportioning is the most remarkable, its EC
50for 1.7078mg/L, coefficient of synergism is 1.91.Illustrate that eugenol matrine compound bactericide has very high bactericidal activity to downy mildew of garpe.
Table 1 eugenol and matrine optimum proportioning and contrast medicament bacteriostatic activity measure
Two, field efficacy evaluation test
The eugenol gone out according to lab screening and matrine optimum compound proportion example 1:5, be configured with 1.5% eugenol and matrine compound bactericide, wherein containing 0.25% eugenol and 1.25% matrine.Field is mixed with 1.5% matrine soluble concentrate agent (SL) 600 times and 0.3% eugenol SL600 times bucket, 50% dimethomorph WP(pacifies gram) 1500 times in contrast medicament carry out field control effectiveness test.
(1) test method
1 experimental condition
The selection of 1.1 subjects, crop and kind
Subjects is downy mildew of garpe (Plasmopara viticola), and test grape variety is Cabernet Gernischt.
1.2 crop geneticss and environmental condition
The sheet trellis type cultivation of test garden, age of tree life in 7 years, downy mildew over the years occurs generally and evenly.Duration of test (25 ~ August 20 July) grape breeding time is the young sprout pumping phase.Cultivation condition (soil types, fertilising, growing stage, seeding row spacing etc.) and the tree body growing way of all experimental plots are homogeneous, and consistent with the cultivation step of locality.
2 experimental scheme and arrangement
2.1 medicament
2.1.1 test medicine
1.5% eugenol matrine compound bactericide, academy of agricultural sciences of Yantai City prepares.
2.1.2 medicament is contrasted
1.5% matrine SL, Chengdu New Sun Crop Science Co., Ltd.'s product;
0.3% eugenol SL, Shandong Province hundred million praises agrochemical Co., Ltd product.
50% dimethomorph WP(peace gram), German BASF Trading Co., Ltd product
2.1.3 dosing arranges with process
Grape strain tree is 10 strains in every community, repeats 4 times.
Table 2 reagent agent experimental scheme
3 application methods
3.1 using method
Be watered spraying, after first dissolving with a small amount of water, fill up institute's water requirement again; The medicine that makes leave dual sides even during spraying, till dripping.
3.2 spraying equipment
Spraying equipment adopts SDR-120 type power spraye, injection diameter 0.8mm, operating pressure 2.0 bar.
3.3 spraying times and number of times
There is dispenser first in early stage in field downy mildew of garpe, sprays 3 times altogether.The concrete dispenser date is on July 26th, 2013, August 3 and August 13.
3.4 use capacity
Be 150L/667m by amount of liquid medicine
2.
The medicament data of 3.5 other damage by disease and insect of control
Duration of test, each community, except spraying test medicament, does not spray other any bactericide.
4 investigation, record and measuring method
4.1 investigation methods, time and number of times
4.1.1 control time and number of times
Without downy mildew of garpe before medicine, dispenser terminates the rear 8d(8 month 21) an investigation drug effect.
4.1.2 investigation method
20 young sprouts are investigated in every community, and every tip investigates whole blade from top to bottom, record the sick number of sheets at different levels respectively.Blade severity Scaling method: 0 grade: without scab; 1 grade: lesion area accounts for less than 5% of whole leaf area; 3 grades: lesion area accounts for 6% ~ 5% of whole leaf area; 5 grades: lesion area accounts for 26% ~ 50% of whole leaf area; 7 grades: lesion area accounts for 51% ~ 75% of whole leaf area; 9 grades: lesion area accounts for more than 76% of whole leaf area.
4.1.3 drug effect computational methods
4.2 direct impacts on crop
Test medicine, contrast medicament try grape variety safety, without poisoning to supplying.
(2) result of the test
1.5% eugenol matrine compound bactericide 1000, 1250 times all show good preventive effect, preventive effect is respectively 94.21%, 89.19%, 5% level is significantly higher than 50% dimethomorph WP(to pacify gram) 1500 times, 1.5% matrine WP500 doubly and 0.3% eugenol SL800 times bucket mixes and preventive effect, composite bactericide 1500 times of liquid preventive effects are 83.25%, and there is no significant difference between two control groups, absolutely prove, the bactericidal activity of 1.5% eugenol matrine compound bactericide to downy mildew of garpe is stronger, its control efficiency is suitable with chemical pesticide, can part substituting chemical pesticide.And composite bactericide 1000,1250,1500 times and bucket mixed phase are than the pesticidal preparations consumption decreasing 42.86%, 54.29% and 61.90% respectively, add the selectivity of preventing and treating downy mildew of garpe medicament, have broad application prospects and Development volue.Investigate during this, each process tries host plant safety, without poisoning to supplying.
Table 31.5% eugenol matrine compound bactericidal agent for preventing and treating downy mildew of garpe field efficacy
Result of the test table
Note: in table, data are and manage average data everywhere
Three, mixture safety evaluatio
In complex composition, eugenol and matrine content are less than the content of commercially available prod, and therefore its toxicity to people and animals and the safety to crop are satisfactory.Composite bactericide is through assert that mechanism's toxicity test result shows to belong to micro-virus kind agricultural chemicals:
Rat acute Oral toxicity LD50 ♂ >5000mg/kg, ♀ >5000mg/kg;
Rat acute percutaneous toxicity LD50 ♂ >5000mg/kg, ♀ >5000mg/kg;
Lagophthalmos stimulates integration to be 0(1h), be 0(1:100 after 48h) dilution, to eye nonirritant;
Lagophthalmos stimulates integration to be 0(4h), to no skin irritation.
Claims (3)
1. an Efficient complex biological fungicide, is characterised in that its active ingredient comprises eugenol and matrine, and the synergy quality proportioning of eugenol and matrine is 1:5.
2. a kind of Efficient complex biological fungicide described in claim 1, is characterised in that described active ingredient eugenol and the weight percentage of matrine in whole composite bactericide are respectively eugenol 0.01% ~ 3%, matrine 0.01% ~ 5%.
3. a kind of Efficient complex biological fungicide described in claim 1 is preparing the application prevented and treated in downy mildew of garpe agricultural chemicals.
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| CN104285979A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2015-01-21 | 江苏省绿盾植保农药实验有限公司 | Plant-derived bactericidal composition and application thereof |
| CN104604939A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-05-13 | 馥稷生物科技发展（上海）有限公司 | Pesticide composite containing sophocarpidine |
| CN105031701A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-11-11 | 天峨县平昌生态农业有限公司 | Environmentally-friendly plant source deodorant |
| CN106508970B (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2019-03-15 | 枣庄学院 | A kind of combination sterilization composition and its application |
| CN109287674A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-02-01 | 句容市丁庄葡萄研究所 | A kind of pesticide control of downy mildew of garpe and preparation method thereof |
| CN109221099A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-01-18 | 陕西康禾立丰生物科技药业有限公司 | A kind of pesticide finish |
| CN109757498A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-17 | 陕西康禾立丰生物科技药业有限公司 | A kind of bactericidal composition of plant source finish |
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| US5965518A (en) * | 1998-02-23 | 1999-10-12 | Nakatsu; Tetsuo | Fragrance compositions having antimicrobial activity |
| CN1212126A (en) * | 1998-08-12 | 1999-03-31 | 赵常安 | Crops fungicide containing clove oil and eugenol |
| CN1390461A (en) * | 2002-08-07 | 2003-01-15 | 申书银 | Process for preparing 0.3% emulsified sophocarpidine oil as bactericide |
| CN101584316A (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2009-11-25 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Soluble eugenol solvent, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN102037966B (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-12-12 | 山东亿嘉农化有限公司 | Eugenol biological pesticide and preparation method thereof |
| CN102578116B (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2014-08-06 | 山西德威生化有限责任公司 | Compounded botanical synergistic fungicide containing sophocarpidine and osthol and application for preparation of compounded botanical synergistic fungicide |
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