CN103518750A - High-efficiency compound biological bactericide and application thereof - Google Patents
High-efficiency compound biological bactericide and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103518750A CN103518750A CN201310476873.5A CN201310476873A CN103518750A CN 103518750 A CN103518750 A CN 103518750A CN 201310476873 A CN201310476873 A CN 201310476873A CN 103518750 A CN103518750 A CN 103518750A
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- eugenol
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- matrine
- sophocarpidine
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-efficiency low-toxicity low-residue compound biological bactericide comprising eugenol and sophocarpidine, and particularly relates to the research on application of the bactericide in the prevention and treatment of grape downy mildew. The high-efficiency low-toxicity low-residue compound biological bactericide is a mixed preparation prepared by the binary combination of active ingredients of plant source compounds, namely the eugenol and the sophocarpidine in a ratio of 1: 40-40: 1, and when the ratio of the eugenol to the sophocarpidine is 1: 10-15: 1, the mixed preparation has an obvious synergistic effect and high inhibition activity to the grape downy mildew. The eugenol-sophocarpidine compound biological bactericide has a prominent effect in the prevention and treatment of grape downy mildew and shows a synergistic effect and a bactericidal effect. The dosage of the eugenol-sophocarpidine compound biological bactericide is low relatively, so that the eugenol-sophocarpidine compound biological bactericide has good safety for crops. The eugenol-sophocarpidine compound biological bactericide has wide application prospect and development value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of highly efficiency compositional biological bactericide and application thereof, in particular, what the present invention relates to is a kind of for preventing and treating the biogenic bactericide of downy mildew of garpe.
Background technology
For a long time, using chemical bactericide is the Main Means of preventing and treating crop pest, and using of a large amount of chemical pesticides causes many side effects such as the pesticide resistance, residue of pesticide of agricultural ecological structural damage, controlling object, and this impacts particularly outstanding to crops industry.The close attention of the public to food security; the day by day gradually high cry of global protection environment; require scientific research personnel to find effectively and the method for preventing and treating of safety, so development and utilization and environment have compatibility, the harmless biopesticide resource of the mankind are subject to day by day to the favor of various countries.
Biogenic pesticide also claims " biopesticide ", refer to the agricultural chemicals that utilizes living resources exploitation, its active ingredient is that nature exists, there is low toxicity, pollution-free, selectivity strong, be easy to degraded, in ecotope accumulation toxicity possibility little, there is the characteristics such as Environmental compatibility.The ever-increasing organic food of demand, pollution-free food being had to guarantee effect, avoid or alleviated the negative effect that applied chemistry agricultural chemicals causes, and having the advantages such as the pathogen of making is difficult to develop immunity to drugs, is desirable agricultural chemicals type.Matrine is a kind of alkaloid in shrubby sophora extract, and in fact the matrine Pesticidal products of our common indication refers to the whole active substances that extract from kuh-seng, and it is called to Banlangen, is called for short matrine.The bactericidal activity composition of kuh-seng can suppress the biosynthesis of thalline, can affect mycelial biological oxidation process again, and fungicidal spectrum is wider, and fungi, bacterium, virus are all had to inhibitory action.Simultaneously matrine insect is had tag, stomach toxicity, interior suction, avoid keep away, food refusal, sterilization, interference decortication, paralysis nerve center system, polypide protein coagulation, polypide pore block, the biologically actives such as insect death by suffocation.Eugenol is present in caryophyllus oil, cinnamon leaves oil, cassia oil, camphorated oil, nutmeg wet goods, can in caryophyllus oil, separate.Eugenol is by leaf, stem, the root absorption of plant, and oriented upper conduction function and safety, environmental protection noresidue, and medicine effect for treating is rapid, and the lasting period is long.After the crop spraying medicine of having fallen ill, bacterium spore is modification at once, dissolved disappearance.Matrine, eugenol enjoy clinician, scientific research circle and patient's concern in recent years, and Ye Bei R&D institution and producer apply with used as pesticides simultaneously.Eugenol and matrine compound are used for preventing and treating downy mildew of garpe and have not been reported.
Downy mildew of garpe main harm blade, also can infect the tender tissues such as the tender tip, inflorescence, young fruit.Downy mildew of garpe almost all has distribution in each viny region of China, mostly occurs in the more area of rainwater and time, in 5～June, starts to occur.In the popular time of disease, sick leaf scorch is withered caducous, sick tip distortion, and depauperation, very large to tree vigo(u)r and yield effect, be one of Major Diseases on grape.Now, in production, for preventing and treating the agricultural chemicals of downy mildew of garpe, be mainly chemical pesticide, but the strong biogenic bactericide application of low toxicity, low-residual, selectivity also seldom.
Summary of the invention
The composite bactericide that the object of the invention is to provide a kind of efficient, low toxicity, low-residual, contains eugenol and matrine, another object of the present invention also provides the purposes of this composite bactericide, and this composite bactericide can be prevented and treated downy mildew of garpe.The present invention has inquired into eugenol and the application of complex composition in agriculture field thereof, especially for downy mildew of garpe study on prevention, completes.
A biological bactericide, special character is that its active ingredient comprises eugenol and matrine, and the quality proportioning of eugenol and matrine is carried out binary built with 1:40～40:1, and its enhancing proportions is 1:10～15:1, and best in quality proportioning is 1:5.
Described eugenol and the matrine weight percentage in whole composite bactericide is respectively eugenol 0.01%～3%, matrine 0.01%～5%, and surplus is conventional auxiliary material additive.
Composite bactericide of the present invention is prevented and treated the application in downy mildew of garpe medicine in preparation.
The present invention is by Toxicity Determination and field trial biogenic pesticide eugenol and the independent use of matrine and the composite rear effect to downy mildew of garpe, established the optimal proportion of two biogenic pesticides, for production and application, to reach, reduce the object that Pesticide environment pollutes, controls germ pesticide resistance generation development.
Eugenol and matrine single dose are applied to respectively prevent and treat downy mildew of garpe and all have certain control efficiency, and eugenol and matrine compound application prevent and treat downy mildew of garpe, show obvious synergistic effect.There is following advantage:
1, there is synergistic effect.Eugenol and matrine are all to show synergistic effect in the ratio range of 1:10～15:1, wherein maximum with the proportioning synergy of 1:5, coefficient of synergism is 1.91.
2, composite bactericide has reduced the input amount of medicament.After composite, not only improved the field effect of preventing and treating downy mildew of garpe, compared with the mixed liquid of bucket, 1000,1250,1500 times of liquid have reduced respectively by 42.86%, 54.29% and 61.90% pesticidal preparations consumption.
3, biogenic pesticide eugenol is different with the matrine mode of action, is difficult for making germ to develop immunity to drugs after composite.
Embodiment
Below provide the specific embodiment of the present invention, be used for formation of the present invention to be further described.
Application example
One, indoor bioassay test
(1) test method
1 experimental condition
Experiment target is designated as downy mildew of garpe (Plasmopara viticola), and sample picks up from field.
2 instrument and equipments
Instrument and equipment mainly contains electronic balance, spraying apparatus, climatic cabinate, bio-incubator, culture dish, pipettor etc.
3 experimental scheme
3.1 examination materials are prepared
Select grape susceptible variety ruby, 4～6 leaf positions from up to down, clip same area, the blade that growing way is consistent, be placed in culture dish with wet cotton balls parcel petiole, and moisturizing is standby.
3.2 test medicine
The former medicine of 20% matrine, Tian Zhirun bio tech ltd, Shaanxi product; 98% eugenol, Vad, Community of Jin Tan County city dragon Chemical Co., Ltd. product; The former medicine of 98% dimethomorph, ShenYang, Liaoning Province good harvest agricultural chemicals Co., Ltd product; 1.5% eugenol matrine compound bactericide, the preparation of academy of agricultural sciences, Yantai City.
3.3 test procedure
3.3.1 sporangia suspension preparation
The sick leaf of new fresh grape of getting field natural occurrence, rinses with running water after the sporangium on clean surface, is placed in moisturizing 24h under 22 ℃ of conditions, cultivates fresh sporangium.With clean writing brush, fresh sporangium is brushed in sterile distilled water, be made into sporangia suspension.Adjust under the microscope sporangia suspension concentration to 5 * 10
5individual/mL is for test determination.
3.3.2 medicament preparation
Severally treat that reagent agent dissolves, be made into 10000mg/L mother liquor standby.Each eugenol and matrine compound ratio are all diluted to 5～7 concentration gradients.
3.3.3 chemicals treatment
Liquid is evenly sprayed in vacuum side of blade, after liquid natural air drying, each is processed to blade and blade and go up dorsad, by being emitted in moisture preservation box after marks for treatment.Test is not established and is made blank containing the processing of medicament.
3.3.4 leaf dish method (Schwinn etc., 1982)
With card punch, the strong leaf that sprays medicament is broken into the leaf dish of diameter 1cm, be put in the culture dish containing wet filter paper, 10 leaf dishes of every ware, every processing in triplicate, is inoculated in leaf dish back side central authorities with ready fresh sporangia suspension drop 10 μ L.On inoculation bonnet, ware lid, is placed in phytotron, and at continuous illumination/dark 12h alternately, cultivation temperature is 22 ℃, 5～7d experimental investigation result.
4 investigation methods
According to leaf dish severity Scaling method, investigate the incidence of each processing.
State of an illness investigation adopts 6 grades of Recording Methods of State Standard of the People's Republic of China-field efficacy experiment criterion (two), and the percentage that accounts for leaf disc area according to lesion area is divided sick level: 0 grade, without scab; 1 grade, lesion area accounts for below 5% of whole leaf area; 3 grades, lesion area accounts for 6%～25% of whole leaf area; 5 grades, lesion area accounts for 26%～50% of whole leaf area; 7 grades, lesion area accounts for 51%～75% of whole leaf area; 9 grades, lesion area accounts for the more than 75% of whole leaf area.
5 data statistics and analysis
5.1 computational methods
5.2 statistical analysis
According to each drug concentration logarithm value and corresponding preventive effect probability value, do regression analysis, calculate the EC of each medicament<sub TranNum="102">50</sub>deng numerical value.According to Wadley method, calculate the coefficient of synergism (SR) of mixture, evaluate the synergy type of mixture.According to coefficient of synergism (SR), evaluate the synergistic effect of pharmacy mix, SR<0.5 is antagonism, and 0.5≤SR≤1.5 are summation action, SR>1.5 for synergistic effect.Coefficient of synergism (SR) calculates by following formula:
In formula: X
1---the EC of mixture
50theoretical value, unit is mg/L; P
a---the percentage composition of A in mixture, unit is %; P
b---the percentage composition of B in mixture, unit is %; The EC of A in A---mixture
50zhi， unit is mg/L; The EC of B in B---mixture
50zhi， unit is mg/L;
In formula: the coefficient of synergism of SR---mixture; X
1---mixture EC
50theoretical value, the mg/L of unit; X
2---mixture EC
50measured value, the mg/L of unit.
(2) result of the test
Adopt leaf dish method to evaluate eugenol and two kinds of single doses of matrine and the control efficiency of different proportioning mixture to downy mildew of garpe thereof, result shows that two kinds of single doses are indoor Plasmopara viticola is all shown to good inhibition, EC
50be respectively 0.7089mg/L and 11.6664mg/L.The EC of the conventional medicament dimethomorph of field control downy mildew
50for 5.5628mg/L.Eugenol and matrine active ingredient ratio all show synergistic effect while being 1:10～15:1, and especially the synergy of 1:5 proportioning is the most remarkable, its EC
50for 1.7078mg/L, coefficient of synergism is 1.91.Illustrate that eugenol matrine compound bactericide has very high bactericidal activity to downy mildew of garpe.
The best proportioning of table 1 eugenol and matrine and contrast medicament bacteriostatic activity are measured
Two, field efficacy evaluation test
The eugenol going out according to lab screening and matrine optimum compound proportion example 1:5, configured 1.5% eugenol and matrine compound bactericide, wherein containing 0.25% eugenol and 1.25% matrine.Field is with 600 times of 1.5% matrine soluble concentrate agent (SL) and 0.3% eugenol SL600 mixed, the 50% dimethomorph WP(peace gram of bucket doubly) 1500 times in contrast medicament carry out field control effectiveness test.
(1) test method
1 experimental condition
The selection of 1.1 subjects, crop and kind
Subjects is downy mildew of garpe (Plasmopara viticola), and test grape variety is Cabernet Gernischt.
1.2 crop geneticss and environmental condition
The sheet trellis type cultivation of test garden, age of tree life in 7 years, downy mildew over the years occurs general and even.Duration of test (25～August 20 July) grape breeding time is the young sprout pumping phase.The cultivation condition of all experimental plots (soil types, fertilising, growing stage, seeding row spacing etc.) and tree body growing way homogeneous, and consistent with local cultivation step.
2 experimental scheme and arrangement
2.1 medicament
2.1.1 test medicine
1.5% eugenol matrine compound bactericide, the preparation of academy of agricultural sciences, Yantai City.
2.1.2 contrast medicament
1.5% matrine SL, new Chaoyang, Chengdu crop science Co., Ltd product;
0.3% eugenol SL， Shandong Province Yi Jianonghua Co., Ltd product.
50% dimethomorph WP(peace gram), German BASF Trading Co., Ltd product
2.1.3 dosing arranges with processing
Every community grape strain tree is 10 strains, repeats 4 times.
Table 2 reagent agent experimental scheme
3 application methods
3.1 using method
Be watered spraying, after first dissolving with a small amount of water, fill up again institute's water requirement; During spraying, make leave dual sides even medicine, till dripping.
3.2 spraying equipment
Spraying equipment adopts SDR-120 type power spraye, injection diameter 0.8mm, operating pressure 2.0 bar.
3.3 spraying times and number of times
There is dispenser first in early stage in field downy mildew of garpe, sprays altogether 3 times.The concrete dispenser date is on July 26th, 2013, August 3 and August 13.
3.4 use capacity
By amount of liquid medicine, be 150L/667m
2.
The medicament data of 3.5 other damage by disease and insect of control
Duration of test ，Ge community, except spraying test medicament, does not spray other any bactericide.
4 investigation, record and measuring method
4.1 investigation methods, time and number of times
4.1.1 control time and number of times
Without downy mildew of garpe, dispenser finishes the rear 8d(8 month 21 before medicine) investigate drug effect one time.
4.1.2 investigation method
20 young sprouts of every community investigation, every tip is investigated whole blades from top to bottom, records respectively the sick numbers of sheets at different levels.Blade severity Scaling method: 0 grade: without scab; 1 grade: lesion area accounts for below 5% of whole leaf area; 3 grades: lesion area accounts for 6%～5% of whole leaf area; 5 grades: lesion area accounts for 26%～50% of whole leaf area; 7 grades: lesion area accounts for 51%～75% of whole leaf area; 9 grades: lesion area accounts for the more than 76% of whole leaf area.
4.1.3 drug effect computational methods
4.2 direct impacts on crop
Test medicine, contrast medicament are to confession examination grape variety safety, without poisoning.
(2) result of the test
1.5% eugenol matrine compound bactericide 1000, 1250 times all show good preventive effect, preventive effect is respectively 94.21%, 89.19%, in 5% level, be significantly higher than 50% dimethomorph WP(peace gram) 1500 times, 1.5% matrine WP500 doubly and 0.3% eugenol SL800 doubly bucket mixed and preventive effect, 1500 times of liquid preventive effects of composite bactericide are 83.25%, and there is no significant difference between two control groups, absolutely prove, 1.5% eugenol matrine compound bactericide is stronger to the bactericidal activity of downy mildew of garpe, its control efficiency and chemical pesticide are suitable, can part substituting chemical pesticide.And 1000,1250,1500 times of composite bactericides have reduced by 42.86%, 54.29% and 61.90% pesticidal preparations consumption with bucket mixed phase than respectively, have increased the selectivity of preventing and treating downy mildew of garpe medicament, have broad application prospects and develop value.During this, investigate, each is processed to supplying examination host plant safety, without poisoning.
Table 31.5% eugenol matrine compound bactericidal agent for preventing and treating downy mildew of garpe field efficacy
Result of the test table
Note: in table, data are and manage average data everywhere
Three, mixture safety evaluatio
In complex composition, eugenol and matrine content are less than the content of commercially available prod, thus its to people and animals' toxicity with to the safety of crop, be satisfactory.Composite bactericide shows to belong to micro-virus kind agricultural chemicals through assert mechanism's toxicity test result:
Rat acute Oral toxicity LD50 ♂ > 5000mg/kg, ♀ > 5000mg/kg;
Rat acute percutaneous toxicity LD50 ♂ > 5000mg/kg, ♀ > 5000mg/kg;
It is 0(1h that lagophthalmos stimulates integration), after 48h, be 0(1:100) dilution, to eye nonirritant;
It is 0(4h that lagophthalmos stimulates integration), to skin nonirritant.
Claims (4)
1. a highly efficiency compositional biological bactericide, is characterised in that its active ingredient comprises eugenol and matrine, and the synergy quality proportioning of eugenol and matrine is 1:10～15:1.
2. a kind of highly efficiency compositional biological bactericide as claimed in claim 1, the best in quality proportioning that is characterised in that eugenol and matrine is 1:5.
3. a kind of highly efficiency compositional biological bactericide described in claim 1 or 2, is characterised in that described active ingredient eugenol and the weight percentage of matrine in whole composite bactericide are respectively eugenol 0.01%～3%, matrine 0.01%～5%.
4. described in claim 1 or 2, a kind of highly efficiency compositional biological bactericide is prevented and treated the application in downy mildew of garpe agricultural chemicals in preparation.
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| CN104285979A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2015-01-21 | 江苏省绿盾植保农药实验有限公司 | Plant-derived bactericidal composition and application thereof |
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