CN104585001A - Soilless culture method improving content of organic selenium of eggplants - Google Patents
Soilless culture method improving content of organic selenium of eggplants Download PDFInfo
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- CN104585001A CN104585001A CN201410756587.9A CN201410756587A CN104585001A CN 104585001 A CN104585001 A CN 104585001A CN 201410756587 A CN201410756587 A CN 201410756587A CN 104585001 A CN104585001 A CN 104585001A
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- selenium
- soilless culture
- eggplant
- eggplants
- organic selenium
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention relates to a soilless culture method improving the content of organic selenium of eggplants. The method includes the operation steps that firstly, soilless culture media containing nano-selenium are prepared, then strong eggplant seedlings are selected, the roots of the eggplant seedlings are sterilized and then transplanted to customized grooves in a greenhouse, the customized grooves are filled with the soilless culture media containing the nano-selenium, pruning, disaster prevention, flower promoting and fruit retention and other management are carried out on the eggplants through a conventional method, fruits are picked after being mature, and the eggplants high in organic selenium content are obtained. According to the method, the soilless culture media containing the nano-selenium are used for culturing the eggplants, the yield of the eggplants and the content of the organic selenium in the fruits can be remarkably increased, economical benefits are good, nutritional value and health-care value of the eggplants are high, use of fertilizers and pesticides can be reduced, cost is low, the eggplants are environmentally friendly and free of public hazards, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vegetable soilless culture technology, be specifically related to a kind of soilless culture method improving eggplant organic selenium content.
Background technology
The challenge that China reduces by population growth, soil is very severe, population accounts for total world population's 1/4, but the arable area had is only 1/7 of world's total area under cultivation, according to statistics in 2000, whole nation per capita cultivated land is only 0.01 hm2, soilless culture can provide and exceed normal soil and cultivate several times even product quantity of more than ten times, can utilize sandy beach, the barren land such as saline and alkaline produces agricultural product, for food security security system is laid a solid foundation.China is the country that water quality resource is quite poor, and be listed in one of 13 poor-water states in the world, national water resources ownership per capita is only 1/4 of world's per capita share, annual lack of water about 30,000,000,000 m of agricultural
3, soilless culture, as the effective means of water-saving agriculture, will play its important effect at drought and water-scarce area.China's facility cultivation development rapidly, to become, many regional agriculturals are got rich, the effective means of growth of agricultural efficiency, but the result of cultivated since long, soil in protected field cultivation continuous cropping obstacle increasingly sharpens, soilless culture is playing as the effective means of radical cure soil cultivation continuous cropping obstacle and is acting on, and will extensively be applied from now in facility cultivation.But it is higher that most of cultivation technique without soil also also exists matrix cost, make the difficult problems such as more complicated, limit applying of cultivation technique without soil.
In addition, along with Living consumption improves the requirement to agricultural product quality, cultivation technique without soil, outside the requirement of satisfied raising output, more needs the quality and the health care that improve agricultural product.Research shows, rare element has and important effect in maintenance human body and animal health, and selenium element becomes due to the physiological function of its uniqueness " star's element " of healthcare field.
Selenium (Se) is the required trace mineral nutrients of animals and plants, extremely important to the normal physiological and biochemical activity of maintenance animals and plants.Selenium can improve Peroxidase Activity in Plant, strengthen the oxidation resistance in plant body, thus improve the resistance of plant and anti-ageing ability, Selenium Supplement element in crop culture process, not only can increase the selenium content of crops, and the quantity and quality of crops can be improved.Selenium can improve the immunity of humans and animals, prevent disease, but owing to there is not the organ of long term storage selenium in humans and animals body, the selenium needed for body should constantly be supplemented from food.The selenium daily intaking amount that Chinese Soclety of Nutrition is recommended is 50-200 μ g, and the selenium intake only 26-32 μ g that China is grown up every day, do not reach the daily intaking amount of recommendation far away.China lacks selenium population and reaches more than 100,000,000, domestic many regional characters disease occurred frequently, plants disease with aging course etc. more than 40 all absorb with selenium in meals not enough relevant as Keshan disease, Kaschin-Beck disease, cancer, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, sterility, immunity of organisms goes down.Selenium has removes the special physiological function such as heavy metal poisoning, and when environmental pollution is day by day serious, in food, Selenium Supplement element is significant to raising China national health level.The selenium salt such as humans and animals body sodium selenite made an addition to Selenium Supplement element in food in the past, but selenium salt biological effectiveness is low, and took in narrow range, was only 50-400 μ g/ days, easily produced excess intake and poisoning problem.The bioavailability of nanometer selenium, Organic Selenium is high, and safety is good, becomes the main selenium source of alternative inorganic selenium.Therefore, in soilless cultivation plant process, add nanometer selenium, make selenium form Organic Selenium in plant, humans and animals can effectively supplement required selenium element by edible plant of being rich in Organic Selenium, improves the absorption to selenium and utilization.
What early stage most of selenium-enriched fertilizer used is inorganic selenium such as sodium selenite etc. substantially, sodium selenite soil application and foliage-spray, because of soil fixing and a large amount of drift, not only selenium validity is low, and safety and less economical, therefore the benefit selenium measure that agricultural product produce can not be become.Nanometer selenium, Biological Selenium are the effective selenium additives of one solving inorganic selenium safety issue, current method is mainly by the reduction such as vitamin C, phenylhydrazine inorganic selenium, Biological Selenium is then by process of crop growth mistake, by spraying inorganic selenium, make Crop and biological transformation occur and obtains, and commercial nanometer selenium or Biological Selenium to be added in fertilizer be the main source of selenium in current selenium-enriched fertilizer.Because commercially available nanometer selenium preparation process and storage process require high, the acquisition of Biological Selenium needs process longer, and price is higher, causes the cost of fertilizer to raise.
Eggplant, another name " eggplant ", being one of purple vegetables few in number, is also homely vegetables very common on dining table.The rich in nutritive value of eggplant, its main component has trigonelline, stachydrine, choline, protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron and VA, VB, VC, especially sugar content comparatively tomato double, and eggplant fiber is also containing a certain amount of saponin, and contains more rich Vpp at purple eggplant.Aubergine pigment is rich in multivitamin equally, can protect blood vessel, often eat eggplant, can make that the cholesterol level in blood is unlikely to be increased, and thus not easily suffers from the diseases such as jaundice, liver enlargement, arteriosclerosis.
In sum, develop a kind of soilless culture method improving eggplant organic selenium content, reduce the use cost of nanometer selenium, improve eggplant yield and organic selenium content, there is good economic benefit and social benefit.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of soilless culture method improving eggplant organic selenium content is provided.
The present invention realizes in the following way:
Improve a soilless culture method for eggplant organic selenium content, comprise the following steps:
(1) soilless culture substrate is prepared: it is 0.5-2 cm that agricultural crop straw 250-400 part is crushed to length, mix with animals urine 100-200 part, industrial or agricultural accessory substance 100-500 part, selenium dioxide 0.1-0.5 part, must be fermented bed material, fermentation bed material ferments at 28-35 DEG C, every 12 hours stirrings once, after 14-21 days when red nanometer selenium appears in the bed material that ferments, terminate fermentation, obtain decomposed organic matter, decomposed organic matter is mixed with Machine-made Sand 400-1000 part, obtains the soilless culture substrate containing nanometer selenium;
(2) seedling is selected: choosing is highly the healthy and strong eggplant seedling of 6-10cm, soaks eggplant shoot root portion 2-6 minute, clean, dry with clear water with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.3-0.6%;
(3) field planting: eggplant seedling is moved in the field planting groove in green house, insert the soilless culture substrate containing nanometer selenium prepared by (1), compacting, the thickness controlling soilless culture substrate is 20-25cm, waters permeable;
(4) growth management: conventionally to prune to eggplant, the management such as disease control and flower-promoting and fruit protecting, plucks after fruit maturation, obtains the eggplant that organic selenium content is high.
Preferably, in step (1), the particle diameter of described Machine-made Sand is 1-2cm.
Preferably, in step (3), the specification of described field planting groove is 15 cm*20cm-25 cm*30 cm, and density is every mu of 1000-1500.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. the present invention can significantly improve the content of eggplant Organic Selenium, is of high nutritive value, and market prospects are good, and people can supplement selenium element needed for every day by edible eggplant of the present invention, and develop immunitypty, improves health status.
2. the present invention can significantly improve the output of eggplant, increases economic efficiency.
3. the present invention can improve the ability of eggplant disease and insect resistance, and reduce the use of agricultural chemicals, Product Green is nuisanceless.
4. matrix nutrition of the present invention enriches, and can reduce the usage amount of chemical fertilizer in a large number, reduces production cost.
5. the inventive method is simple, and with low cost, market prospects are good, are suitable for applying to wide farmers.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, but do not limit the scope of the invention and range of application.
embodiment 1
Improve a soilless culture method for eggplant organic selenium content, comprise the following steps:
(1) soilless culture substrate is prepared: it is 2 cm that agricultural crop straw 300 parts is crushed to length, mix with animals urine 120 parts, industrial or agricultural accessory substance 400 parts, selenium dioxide 0.3 part, must be fermented bed material, fermentation bed material ferments at 28 DEG C, every 12 hours stirrings once, after 21 days when red nanometer selenium appears in the bed material that ferments, terminate fermentation, obtain decomposed organic matter
Decomposed organic matter and Machine-made Sand 600 parts is mixed, obtains the soilless culture substrate containing nanometer selenium; The particle diameter of described Machine-made Sand is 1cm;
(2) seedling is selected: choosing is highly the healthy and strong eggplant seedling of 6cm, and the liquor potassic permanganate with 0.3% soaks eggplant shoot root portion 2 minutes, cleans, dry with clear water;
(3) field planting: eggplant seedling is moved in the field planting groove in green house, insert the soilless culture substrate containing nanometer selenium prepared by (1), compacting, the thickness controlling soilless culture substrate is 20cm, waters permeable; The specification of described field planting groove is 15 cm*20cm, and density is 1000 every mu;
(4) growth management: conventionally to prune to eggplant, the management such as disease control and flower-promoting and fruit protecting, plucks after fruit maturation, obtains the eggplant that organic selenium content is high.
embodiment 2
Improve a soilless culture method for eggplant organic selenium content, comprise the following steps:
(1) soilless culture substrate is prepared: it is 1 cm that agricultural crop straw 350 parts is crushed to length, mix with animals urine 100 parts, industrial or agricultural accessory substance 350 parts, selenium dioxide 0.1 part, must be fermented bed material, fermentation bed material ferments at 30 DEG C, every 12 hours stirrings once, after 14 days when red nanometer selenium appears in the bed material that ferments, terminate fermentation, obtain decomposed organic matter
Decomposed organic matter and Machine-made Sand 1000 parts is mixed, obtains the soilless culture substrate containing nanometer selenium; The particle diameter of described Machine-made Sand is 2cm;
(2) seedling is selected: choosing is highly the healthy and strong eggplant seedling of 10cm, and the liquor potassic permanganate with 0.6% soaks eggplant shoot root portion 6 minutes, cleans, dry with clear water;
(3) field planting: eggplant seedling is moved in the field planting groove in green house, insert the soilless culture substrate containing nanometer selenium prepared by (1), compacting, the thickness controlling soilless culture substrate is 25cm, waters permeable; The specification of described field planting groove is 25 cm*30cm, and density is 1500 every mu;
(4) growth management: conventionally to prune to eggplant, the management such as disease control and flower-promoting and fruit protecting, plucks after fruit maturation, obtains the eggplant that organic selenium content is high.
embodiment 3
Improve a soilless culture method for eggplant organic selenium content, comprise the following steps:
(1) soilless culture substrate is prepared: it is 0.5 cm that agricultural crop straw 400 parts is crushed to length, mix with animals urine 150 parts, industrial or agricultural accessory substance 500 parts, selenium dioxide 0.4 part, must be fermented bed material, fermentation bed material ferments at 32 DEG C, every 12 hours stirrings once, after 20 days when red nanometer selenium appears in the bed material that ferments, terminate fermentation, obtain decomposed organic matter
Decomposed organic matter and Machine-made Sand 800 parts is mixed, obtains the soilless culture substrate containing nanometer selenium; The particle diameter of described Machine-made Sand is 1.5cm;
(2) seedling is selected: choosing is highly the healthy and strong eggplant seedling of 8cm, and the liquor potassic permanganate with 0.5% soaks eggplant shoot root portion 5 minutes, cleans, dry with clear water;
(3) field planting: eggplant seedling is moved in the field planting groove in green house, insert the soilless culture substrate containing nanometer selenium prepared by (1), compacting, the thickness controlling soilless culture substrate is 22cm, waters permeable; The specification of described field planting groove is 25cm*30cm, and density is 1200 every mu;
(4) growth management: conventionally to prune to eggplant, the management such as disease control and flower-promoting and fruit protecting, plucks after fruit maturation, obtains the eggplant that organic selenium content is high.
embodiment 4
Improve a soilless culture method for eggplant organic selenium content, comprise the following steps:
(1) soilless culture substrate is prepared: it is 1.5 cm that agricultural crop straw 250 parts is crushed to length, mix with animals urine 200 parts, industrial or agricultural accessory substance 500 parts, selenium dioxide 0.5 part, must be fermented bed material, fermentation bed material ferments at 28 DEG C, every 12 hours stirrings once, after 18 days when red nanometer selenium appears in the bed material that ferments, terminate fermentation, obtain decomposed organic matter
Decomposed organic matter and Machine-made Sand 400 parts is mixed, obtains the soilless culture substrate containing nanometer selenium; The particle diameter of described Machine-made Sand is 1.2cm;
(2) seedling is selected: choosing is highly the healthy and strong eggplant seedling of 8cm, and the liquor potassic permanganate with 0.3% soaks eggplant shoot root portion 3 minutes, cleans, dry with clear water;
(3) field planting: eggplant seedling is moved in the field planting groove in green house, insert the soilless culture substrate containing nanometer selenium prepared by (1), compacting, the thickness controlling soilless culture substrate is 24cm, waters permeable; The specification of described field planting groove is 15 cm*20cm, and density is 1400 every mu;
(4) growth management: conventionally to prune to eggplant, the management such as disease control and flower-promoting and fruit protecting, plucks after fruit maturation, obtains the eggplant that organic selenium content is high.
Claims (3)
1. improve a soilless culture method for eggplant organic selenium content, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) soilless culture substrate is prepared: it is 0.5-2 cm that agricultural crop straw 250-400 part is crushed to length, mix with animals urine 100-200 part, industrial or agricultural accessory substance 100-500 part, selenium dioxide 0.1-0.5 part, must be fermented bed material, fermentation bed material ferments at 28-35 DEG C, every 12 hours stirrings once, after 14-21 days when red nanometer selenium appears in the bed material that ferments, terminate fermentation, obtain decomposed organic matter, decomposed organic matter is mixed with Machine-made Sand 400-1000 part, obtains the soilless culture substrate containing nanometer selenium;
(2) seedling is selected: choosing is highly the healthy and strong eggplant seedling of 6-10cm, soaks eggplant shoot root portion 2-6 minute, clean, dry with clear water with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.3-0.6%;
(3) field planting: eggplant seedling is moved in the field planting groove in green house, insert the soilless culture substrate containing nanometer selenium prepared by (1), compacting, the thickness controlling soilless culture substrate is 20-25cm, waters permeable;
(4) growth management: conventionally to prune to eggplant, the management such as disease control and flower-promoting and fruit protecting, plucks after fruit maturation, obtains the eggplant that organic selenium content is high.
2. a kind of soilless culture method improving eggplant organic selenium content according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (1), the particle diameter of described Machine-made Sand is 1-2cm.
3. a kind of soilless culture method improving eggplant organic selenium content according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (3), the specification of described field planting groove is 15 cm*20cm-25cm*30 cm, and density is every mu of 1000-1500.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105075821A (en) * | 2015-07-25 | 2015-11-25 | 安徽博发文化生态园有限公司 | Soilless culture substrate for planting selenium-rich eggplants |
| CN106561435A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-04-19 | 唐春艳 | Soilless culture method for improving contents of zinc elements in eggplants |
| CN106561436A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-04-19 | 唐春艳 | Soilless cultivation method for raising zinc element content in tomatoes |
| CN107455249A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2017-12-12 | 仁怀市助惠蔬菜种植专业合作社 | A kind of soilless culture method for improving spinach organic selenium content |
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| KR101120635B1 (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2012-03-16 | 에이비씨나노텍 주식회사 | Method for cultivating high quality and functional vegetable fruit using the same |
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| CN102150532A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-08-17 | 苏州硒谷科技有限公司 | Selenium-enriched eggplants and production method thereof |
| KR101120635B1 (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2012-03-16 | 에이비씨나노텍 주식회사 | Method for cultivating high quality and functional vegetable fruit using the same |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105075821A (en) * | 2015-07-25 | 2015-11-25 | 安徽博发文化生态园有限公司 | Soilless culture substrate for planting selenium-rich eggplants |
| CN106561435A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-04-19 | 唐春艳 | Soilless culture method for improving contents of zinc elements in eggplants |
| CN106561436A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-04-19 | 唐春艳 | Soilless cultivation method for raising zinc element content in tomatoes |
| CN107455249A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2017-12-12 | 仁怀市助惠蔬菜种植专业合作社 | A kind of soilless culture method for improving spinach organic selenium content |
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