CN107660437A - A kind of production implantation methods of selenium-rich plum - Google Patents

A kind of production implantation methods of selenium-rich plum Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107660437A
CN107660437A CN201711053167.4A CN201711053167A CN107660437A CN 107660437 A CN107660437 A CN 107660437A CN 201711053167 A CN201711053167 A CN 201711053167A CN 107660437 A CN107660437 A CN 107660437A
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parts
fertilizer
fruit
selenium
seedling
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刘怡玲
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Bobai County Toyama Fruit Planting Cooperatives
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Bobai County Toyama Fruit Planting Cooperatives
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of production implantation methods of selenium-rich plum, belong to planting technology field.Including selection of land, soil treatment, select the steps such as seedling, field planting, fertilizer management and orchard management；By in the nutritious fertilizer required for the fertilizer such as Japanese plum different times fertilizer management, selection seedling clay fertilizer, Hua Qianfei, seedling fertilizer, fruit-promoting fertilizer, fruit promoting fertilizer, abundant Japanese plum；The Japanese plum planted by the present invention, fruit colour is good, and pulp texture is good, and fruit yield is high, and pulp Se content reaches more than 4.2mg/kg.

Description

A kind of production implantation methods of selenium-rich plum
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technology field, espespecially a kind of production implantation methods of selenium-rich plum.
Background technology
" selenium " is needed by human, is had no control over oneself again, therefore 200 μ g selenium of supplement daily are suggested by the World Health Organization, can have Imitate the occurred frequently of prevention of various diseases.Worldwide nutrition scholar, biochemical society chairman, Ba Boya roller doctors claim:" selenium " is to extend Life-span most important mineral nutrient, its comprehensive protection to human body is embodied in, we should not be just expected when sick It.Selenium is the most important anti-aging element found so far；Bama County of Guangxi is world-renowned four big long-lived areas One.Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences expert to bar horse shows:Se content in bar horse soil, cereal is higher than average national level 10 More than times, the Se content in centenarian's blood is higher by 3~6 times of normal person.One was found again in Anhui Province Shitai County later Changshou village.The 12% of more than 80 years old old man Zhan Quan villages population.More peculiar is not find cancer patient, a heart over 50 years The cerebrovascular, diabetic and obese patient.Through showing Selenium Contents measure in village's soil:Se content is higher by typically 10 times of place.Originally, selenium element was the active component of antioxidant gluthathione peroxidase, and human body is supplemented with abundance Selenium element, it just can effectively remove free radical, anti-oxidant, anti-aging.
The Se content is very big by geographic influence, and the difference of Selenium in Soil causes the huge difference of various regions Selenium in Food. Soil selenium-containing amount just belongs to poor selenium soil below 0.6 mg/kg, and the territory in China 72% all belongs to poor selenium or selenium deficiency soil Earth, serious selenium deficiency food is taken in for a long time, will necessarily cause selenium deficiency disease.
The district rich in selenium having now been found that has:Enshi, Ankang, Anhui mountain, Zhongxin of Kaiyang, Guizhou, Zhejiang dragon trip, Zaozhuang, Shandong, Sichuan Wanyuan, Fengcheng etc..But the area having in these selenium-rich regions is small, some areas and simultaneously companion The bad mineral matter such as bullion lead, mercury, be not suitable for the mainly Ankang that human body is directly edible, really has Development volue at present And enshi.Chinese Soclety of Nutrition did an investigation to provinces and cities of 13, China and shown, per day selenium intake of being grown up is 26 ~32 micrograms, it is far apart from the microgram of bottom line 50 that Chinese Soclety of Nutrition is recommended.General vegetable food selenium content compares It is low.Therefore, exploiting economy, conveniently, it is adapted to the selenium-enriched food of long-term consumption imperative.
The content of the invention
The goal of the invention of the present invention is, in view of the above-mentioned problems, providing a kind of production implantation methods of selenium-rich plum, this method section Reasonable, to be planted by present invention Japanese plum is learned, fruit colour is good, and pulp texture is good, and fruit yield is high.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：A kind of production implantation methods of selenium-rich plum, it is special Sign is：Comprise the following steps：
1) selection of land, soil treatment：The soil that physical features is flat, soil layer is deep, quality is loose, permeability is good is as planting site； The corn stalk that the previous year selenium is done is moved to and mixed thoroughly after being burned in soil with soil, the next day soil is carried out to plough deeply selenium soil, Depth is in 30~40cm；Open ridge, 35~50cm of row spacing after whole fine earth earth, ridge depth is 25~30cm, the draining furrow width between each ridge 20~30cm；It is secondary to plough deeply, during selenium-rich base manure is manured into soil by every mu of 150~200kg, place 5~7 days；The selenium-rich base Fertilizer includes following raw material：20~30 parts of plum branches and leaves powder, 10~20 parts of fermentation poultry dung, 10~20 parts of fermentation pig manure, 20~30 parts of fertile soil, oil containing selenium adopt 3~6 parts of 6~12 parts of cake, 6~9 parts of paddy Icing Sugar and Chinese medicine slag；
2) seedling, field planting are selected：Kind is pure for selection, root system is complete, healthy and strong, bud matter is full, has no mechanical damage and no disease and pests harm With plum seedling；Plant spacing is 2~3m, planting hole 0.8~1m of diameter, 0.5~0.8m of depth, matches somebody with somebody in every 6~8 trees and plants One pollinizers；Make the humidity of soil between 35%~40% in the root surrounding uniform sprinkling of every seedling after backfill, 1~3 pvc pipe, tube wall punching are tiltedly put at the 5cm of seedlings root periphery.
3) fertilizer management：
A. seedling clay fertilizer, when being colonized plum seedling, backfill is with seedling clay fertilizer by weight 8~10：1 mixed preparing；
B. preceding fertilizer is spent, 1~2 week before plum seedling rudiment, in the local open loop shape ditch application apart from 0.3~0.5m of plum seedling Hua Qianfei, per young plant apply fertilizer 0.6~0.8kg and sprinkle water make soil moisture 10%~15%；
C. seedling fertilizer, 1~2 week is spent thanking, fertilising 1~2kg seedling fertilizers per young plant, and sprinkle water make soil moisture 10%~ 15 %；
D. fruit-promoting fertilizer, applied in the fruit stone phase, apply fruit-promoting fertilizer in the local open loop shape ditch apart from 1~5cm of fruit tree, often Young plant apply fertilizer 1~2kg and sprinkle water make soil moisture 10%~15%；
E. fruit promoting fertilizer, before fruit maturation, per young plant 1.2~2.2kg of fruit promoting fertilizer and sprinkle water make soil moisture 10%~ 15 %；
4) orchard management：
A. flower and fruit thinning：Flower that vegetable evening opens, the flower on weak branch, the honeysuckle on long medium fruit branch, spend upward；Long fruit branch stays 3 Fruit, medium fruit branch stay 2~3 fruits, and fruit spur, bouquet shape branch stay 1 fruit or do not stayed；
B. reflective membrane is spread：After bearing fruit, orchard ground lay reflex film；
C. prune：First Year trim, cut for 50~60 centimetres away from ground after field planting, under clip 15~20 centimetres to have it is strong Strong leaf bud, 4~6 raw healthy and strong young sprouts straggly are retained after rudiment, often section stays a branch, and remaining whole is erased；Second Year trimming, Second Year winter select three major branches when cutting, selected major branch is evenly distributed in each side, for rudiment power and weak into principal stresses Major branch stay of length no more than 60 centimetres of branch, rudiment and be no more than 80 centimetres into the strong major branch of principal stresses；Trim within 3rd year, the 3rd Year, each major branch extended the appropriate cutting back of branch, starts simultaneously at and selects and remain side shoot, the first side shoot is apart from 40~50 centimetres of major branch base portion, base angle 50~60 degree；When major branch extends 50~60 centimetres, pinching inspires second after summer has set in, and 2~3 sides are selected and remain on each major branch Branch；Trim within 4th year：Except will be in addition to main, side shoot carries out cutting back, fruitful branch also appropriate cutting back or retraction.
Based on the above method：The present invention is that basis is looked in Japanese plum growth by choosing good seedling；Soil is changed It is good, soil is promoted Japanese plum growth；The present invention carries out corresponding fertilising by growing demand to Japanese plum in different times, leads to Cross needs to provide satisfaction to plum growth, makes plum fast growing, healthy growth；Pass through orchard ground lay reflex film, increase The illumination of plum fruit, promote plum growth, plum fruit is full, and sugariness is high；By being trimmed to plum branches and leaves, shoot and leaf growth Health, its continuous skill is grown, not layer of bearing fruit.Potassium dihydrogen phosphate category novel high density phosphorus potassium Was Used compound fertilizer, wherein containing Phosphorus pentoxide 52% or so, the dipotassium 34% or so containing oxidation, potassium dihydrogen phosphate can improve the utilization rate of soil moisture, Play a part of mutually promoting.Sufficient phosphorus in addition, can improve the utilization rate of nitrogen, play a part of supporting nitrogen with phosphorus；Ammonium phosphate It is a kind of high concentration N phosphorus composite fertilizer；Ammonium nitrate is agriculturally used as fertilizer, and nitrogen pool is 34% or so, having immediate effect property fertilizer Title；Calcium superphosphate and magnesium phosphate are earliest fertilizer varieties, are always the principal item of phosphate fertilizer；Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid Ammonium, ammonium nitrate, calcium superphosphate and magnesium phosphate supply soil npk fertilizer, raising soil nutrition is Lee by compound a variety of salt Son growth provides safeguard；Adopting cake by oil containing selenium increases soil selenium content, and increase Japanese plum selenium absorbs, and lifts plum fruit selenium Content.
Further, the seedling clay fertilizer includes as above raw material：65~80 parts of stalk powder, oil containing selenium adopt cake 6~ 12 parts, 30~60 parts of mulberry leaf, 1~3 part of calcium nitrate and 300~500 parts of the human and animal excreta to ferment；
It is using above-mentioned further scheme works：Crop material by directly being turned over use of burying by stalk powder and mulberry leaf Make base manure, or as covering.Stalk mulberry leaf coordinate the human and animal excreta administration of fermentation to significantly improve soil biomass carbon, nitrogen Content, amplification is about 3-4 times；Equably contain 11.8% nitrogen (nitre state) and 23.7% water solubility in every, calcium nitrate Calcium (CaO), be advantageous to absorption of the crop to nutrient, strengthen gourd, fruit and vegetable resistance, promote precocious, raising fruit and vegetable quality, Apply, impose, rush and apply and foliage-spray being agriculturally widely used in base, can also be as the nutrient solution of soilless culture；Stalk powder, The fertilizer such as mulberry leaf, calcium nitrate and the human and animal excreta of fermentation are mostly organic fertilizer, and chemical property is gentle, and it is a kind of suitable to be provided for seedling And growing environment, promote seedling and growth；Adopting cake by oil containing selenium increases soil selenium content, and increase Japanese plum selenium absorbs, lifting Plum fruit Se content.
Further, it is described to spend preceding fertilizer to include following raw material：2~5 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, oil containing selenium adopt cake 6~12 Part, 3~9 parts of duck dung tree, 2~5 parts of stalk, 25~30 parts of wood chip, 15~17 parts of maize flour, 15~17 parts of wheat bran, chicken droppings 25 ~30 parts.
It is using above-mentioned further scheme works：Ammonium hydrogen carbonate is used as nitrogenous fertilizer, suitable for various soil, can promote plum Growth and photosynthesis, urge seedling to come into leaves, top dressing can be made, can also make base fertilizer and directly apply；By duck dung tree, stalk, wood chip, Maize flour, wheat bran and wheat bran etc. are used as nutrient matrix, collectively promote Japanese plum growth, nutrition assurance is provided for the plum florescence；It is logical Cross oil containing selenium and adopt cake increase soil selenium content, increase Japanese plum selenium absorbs, and lifts plum fruit Se content.
Further, the seedling fertilizer seedling fertilizer includes following raw material：5~9 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, oil containing selenium are adopted 3~6 parts of 6~12 parts of cake, 10~20 parts of wood chip, 10~20 parts of wheat bran, 5~10 parts of urea and plant ash.
It is using above-mentioned further scheme works：Using wood chip, wheat bran ash and plant ash as matrix, potassium dihydrogen phosphate can carry The utilization rate of high soil moisture, play a part of mutually promoting.Sufficient phosphorus in addition, can improve the utilization rate of nitrogen, play The effect of nitrogen is supported with phosphorus, then soil nitrogen and phosphorus content is further provided for by urea；Cake increase soil is adopted by oil containing selenium and contains selenium Amount, increase Japanese plum selenium absorb, and lift plum fruit Se content.
Further, the fruit-promoting fertilizer is strong includes following raw material：15~20 parts of magnesium phosphate, oil containing selenium adopt cake 6~ 12 parts, 30~40 parts of ammonium sulfate, 15~20 parts of plant ash, 15~20 parts of paddy bark, 15~20 parts of peat soil, wood chip 10~20 Part；
It is using above-mentioned further scheme works：Plant ash fertilizer because plant ash be burning plants after ashes, so It is the mineral element contained by all plants, nearly all contains in plant ash.What wherein content was most is potassium element, typically containing potassium 6~ 12%, wherein 90% above is water-soluble, exist with carbonate form；Next to that phosphorus, typically containing 1.5~3%；Also containing calcium, The micronutrient element such as magnesium, silicon, sulphur and iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum.Using plant ash, bark, peat soil and wood chip as matrix, Magnesium phosphate and ammonium sulfate provide Japanese plum and born fruit required mineral matter, promote pulp growth；Cake increase soil is adopted by oil containing selenium to contain Selenium amount, increase Japanese plum selenium absorb, and lift plum fruit Se content.
Further, the fruit promoting fertilizer includes following raw material：5~10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, oil containing selenium adopt cake 6~ 12 parts, 10~15 parts of orange peel, 10~15 parts of urea, 6~12 parts of little Huang gelsemium elegan, 10~15 parts of dehydrated potato powder, taro meal 15~20 parts.
It is using above-mentioned further scheme works：Potassium dihydrogen phosphate category novel high density phosphorus potassium Was Used compound fertilizer, Wherein contain phosphorus pentoxide 52% or so, the dipotassium 34% or so containing oxidation, potassium dihydrogen phosphate can improve the profit of soil moisture With rate, play a part of mutually promoting；Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is combined with urea can fully supplement soil nitrogen phosphorus potassium content；Orange peel, Little Huang gelsemium elegan, dehydrated potato powder and taro meal composition mixotrophism composition, keep Japanese plum nutrition fully accelerate the ripening fertilizer promote fruit It is ripe；Adopting cake by oil containing selenium increases soil selenium content, and increase Japanese plum absorbs to selenium, lifts plum fruit Se content.
Due to using above-mentioned technical proposal, the invention has the advantages that：
The present invention is that basis is looked in Japanese plum growth by choosing good seedling；Soil is improved, makes soil when containing selenium Greatly improve, make soil promote Japanese plum to absorb selenium element growth；The present invention to Japanese plum in different times by growing demand Corresponding fertilising is carried out, the material that applies fertilizer includes selenium element, by needing to provide satisfaction to plum growth, makes plum fast growing, Healthy growth；By orchard ground lay reflex film, increase the illumination of plum fruit, promote plum growth, plum fruit is satisfied Full, sugariness is high；By being trimmed to plum branches and leaves, shoot and leaf growth health, its continuous skill is grown, not layer of bearing fruit.The inventive method Scientific and reasonable, the Japanese plum of plantation, fruit colour is good, and pulp texture is good, and fruit yield is high, and pulp Se content reaches 4.2mg/kg More than.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of production implantation methods of selenium-rich plum, comprise the following steps：
1) selection of land, soil treatment：The soil that physical features is flat, soil layer is deep, quality is loose, permeability is good is as planting site； The corn stalk that the previous year selenium is done is moved to and mixed thoroughly after being burned in soil with soil, the next day soil is carried out to plough deeply selenium soil, Depth is in 30cm；Open ridge, row spacing 35cm after whole fine earth earth, ridge depth is 25cm, the draining furrow width 20cm between each ridge；Secondary depth Turn over, during selenium-rich base manure is manured into soil by every mu of 150kg, place 5 days；The selenium-rich base manure includes following raw material：Lee Sub- 20 parts of branches and leaves powder, 10 parts of fermentation poultry dung, 10 parts of fermentation pig manure, 20 parts of fertile soil, oil containing selenium adopt 6 parts of cake, 6 parts of paddy Icing Sugar With 3 parts of Chinese medicine slag.
2) seedling, field planting are selected：Kind is pure for selection, root system is complete, healthy and strong, bud matter is full, has no mechanical damage and no disease and pests harm With plum seedling；Plant spacing is 2m, planting hole diameter 0.8m, depth 0.5m, matches somebody with somebody in every 6 trees and plants a pollinizers；Return Make the humidity of soil between 35% in the root surrounding uniform sprinkling of every seedling after banketing, at the 5cm of seedlings root periphery tiltedly It is put into 1 pvc pipe, tube wall punching.
3) fertilizer management：
A. seedling clay fertilizer, when being colonized plum seedling, backfill is with seedling clay fertilizer by weight 8：1 mixed preparing；The seedling clay fertilizer bag Include as above raw material：65 parts of stalk powder, oil containing selenium adopt 6 parts of cake, 30 parts of mulberry leaf, 1 part of calcium nitrate and the people and animals of fermentation 300 parts of excrement；
B. preceding fertilizer is spent, 1 week before plum seedling rudiment, Hua Qianfei is applied in the local open loop shape ditch apart from plum seedling 0.3m, Per young plant fertilising 0.6kg and sprinkle water make soil moisture 10%；It is described to spend preceding fertilizer to include following raw material：Ammonium hydrogen carbonate 2 Part, oil containing selenium adopt 6 parts of cake, 3 parts of duck dung tree, 2 parts of stalk, 25 parts of wood chip, 15 parts of maize flour, 15 parts of wheat bran, 25 parts of chicken droppings；
C. seedling fertilizer, 1 week is spent thanking, the fertilising 1kg seedling fertilizers per young plant, and watering makes soil moisture 10%；It is described strong Seed manure seedling fertilizer includes following raw material：5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, oil containing selenium adopt 6 parts of cake, 10 parts of wood chip, 10 parts of wheat bran, 3 parts of 5 parts of urea and plant ash；
D. fruit-promoting fertilizer, the fruit stone phase apply, apart from fruit tree 1cm local open loop shape ditch apply fruit-promoting fertilizer, every plant Seedling apply fertilizer 1kg and sprinkle water make soil moisture 10%；The fruit-promoting fertilizer is strong to include following raw material：15 parts of magnesium phosphate, contain Selenium oil adopts 6 parts of cake, 30 parts of ammonium sulfate, 15 parts of plant ash, 15 parts of paddy bark, 15 parts of peat soil, 10 parts of wood chip；
E. fruit promoting fertilizer, before fruit maturation, per young plant fruit promoting fertilizer 1.2kg and watering makes soil moisture 10%；It is described to urge Fruit fertilizer includes following raw material：5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, oil containing selenium adopt 6 parts of cake, 10 parts of orange peel, 10 parts of urea, little Huang 6 parts of gelsemium elegan, 10 parts of dehydrated potato powder, 15 parts of taro meal；
4) orchard management：
A. flower and fruit thinning：Flower that vegetable evening opens, the flower on weak branch, the honeysuckle on long medium fruit branch, spend upward；Long fruit branch stays 3 Fruit, medium fruit branch stay 2 fruits, and fruit spur, bouquet shape branch stay 1 fruit or do not stayed；
B. reflective membrane is spread：After bearing fruit, orchard ground lay reflex film；
C. prune：First Year is trimmed, and is cut for 50 centimetres away from ground after field planting, 15 centimetres of leaves that have stalwartness under clip Bud, 4 raw healthy and strong young sprouts straggly are retained after rudiment, often section stays a branch, and remaining whole is erased；Second Year is trimmed, the 2 year winter selected three major branches when cutting, selected major branch is evenly distributed in each side, was stayed for rudiment power and into the weak major branch of principal stresses Branch it is of length no more than 60 centimetres, rudiment and into the strong major branch of principal stresses be no more than 80 centimetres；Trim within 3rd year, the 3rd year each major branch Extend the appropriate cutting back of branch, start simultaneously at and select and remain side shoot, the first side shoot is apart from 40 centimetres of major branch base portion, 50 degree of base angle；After summer has set in when Pinching inspires second when major branch extends 50 centimetres, and 2 side shoots are selected and remain on each major branch；Trim within 4th year：Except will main, side Branch is carried out outside cutting back, fruitful branch also appropriate cutting back or retraction.
Embodiment 2
A kind of production implantation methods of selenium-rich plum, comprise the following steps：
1) selection of land, soil treatment：The soil that physical features is flat, soil layer is deep, quality is loose, permeability is good is as planting site； The corn stalk that the previous year selenium is done is moved to and mixed thoroughly after being burned in soil with soil, the next day soil is carried out to plough deeply selenium soil, Depth is in 35cm；Open ridge, row spacing 42cm after whole fine earth earth, ridge depth is 27cm, the draining furrow width 25cm between each ridge；Secondary depth Turn over, during selenium-rich base manure is manured into soil by every mu of 175kg, place 6 days；The selenium-rich base manure includes following raw material：Lee Sub- 25 parts of branches and leaves powder, 15 parts of fermentation poultry dung, 15 parts of fermentation pig manure, 25 parts of fertile soil, oil containing selenium adopt 9 parts of cake, 7 parts of paddy Icing Sugar With 4 parts of Chinese medicine slag.
2) seedling, field planting are selected：Kind is pure for selection, root system is complete, healthy and strong, bud matter is full, has no mechanical damage and no disease and pests harm With plum seedling；Plant spacing is 2.5m, planting hole diameter 0.9m, depth 0.65m, matches somebody with somebody in every 7 trees and plants a pollinizers； Make the humidity of soil between 37% in the root surrounding uniform sprinkling of every seedling after backfill, at the 5cm of seedlings root periphery Tiltedly it is put into 2 pvc pipes, tube wall punching.
3) fertilizer management：
A. seedling clay fertilizer, when being colonized plum seedling, backfill is with seedling clay fertilizer by weight 9：1 mixed preparing；The seedling clay fertilizer bag Include as above raw material：72 parts of stalk powder, oil containing selenium adopt 9 parts of cake, 45 parts of mulberry leaf, 2 parts of calcium nitrate and the people and animals of fermentation 400 parts of excrement；
B. preceding fertilizer is spent, 1~2 week before plum seedling rudiment, before being spent apart from the application of plum seedling 1.4m local open loop shape ditch Fertilizer, per young plant fertilising 0.7kg and sprinkle water make soil moisture 12.5%；It is described to spend preceding fertilizer to include following raw material：Carbonic acid 3 parts of hydrogen ammonium, oil containing selenium adopt 9 parts of cake, 6 parts of duck dung tree, 3 parts of stalk, 27 parts of wood chip, 16 parts of maize flour, 16 parts of wheat bran, chicken droppings 27 Part；
C. seedling fertilizer, 1.5 weeks are spent thanking, the fertilising 1.5kg seedling fertilizers per young plant, and watering makes soil moisture 12.5%； The seedling fertilizer seedling fertilizer includes following raw material：7 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, oil containing selenium adopt 9 parts of cake, 115 parts of wood chip, wheat 4 parts of 15 parts of bran, 8 parts of urea and plant ash；
D. fruit-promoting fertilizer, the fruit stone phase apply, apart from fruit tree 3cm local open loop shape ditch apply fruit-promoting fertilizer, every plant Seedling apply fertilizer 1.5kg and sprinkle water make soil moisture 12.5%；The fruit-promoting fertilizer is strong to include following raw material：Magnesium phosphate 17 Part, oil containing selenium adopt 9 parts of cake, 35 parts of ammonium sulfate, 17 parts of plant ash, 17 parts of paddy bark, 17 parts of peat soil, 15 parts of wood chip；
E. fruit promoting fertilizer, before fruit maturation, per young plant fruit promoting fertilizer 1.7kg and watering makes soil moisture 12.5%；It is described Fruit promoting fertilizer includes following raw material：7 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, oil containing selenium adopt 9 parts of cake, 12 parts of orange peel, 12 parts of urea, small Yellow 9 parts of gelsemium elegan, 12 parts of dehydrated potato powder, 12 parts of taro meal；
4) orchard management：
A. flower and fruit thinning：Flower that vegetable evening opens, the flower on weak branch, the honeysuckle on long medium fruit branch, spend upward；Long fruit branch stays 3 Fruit, medium fruit branch stay 2 fruits, and fruit spur, bouquet shape branch stay 1 fruit or do not stayed；
B. reflective membrane is spread：After bearing fruit, orchard ground lay reflex film；
C. prune：First Year is trimmed, and is cut for 55 centimetres away from ground after field planting, 17 centimetres of leaves that have stalwartness under clip Bud, 45 raw healthy and strong young sprouts straggly are retained after rudiment, often section stays a branch, and remaining whole is erased；Second Year is trimmed, Second Year winter selects three major branches when cutting, selected major branch is evenly distributed in each side, for rudiment power and into the weak major branch of principal stresses Stay of length no more than 60 centimetres of branch, rudiment and be no more than 80 centimetres into the strong major branch of principal stresses；Trim within 3rd year, the 3rd year each master Branch extends the appropriate cutting back of branch, starts simultaneously at and selects and remain side shoot, the first side shoot is apart from 45 centimetres of major branch base portion, 55 degree of base angle；After summer has set in When major branch extends 55 centimetres, pinching inspires second, and 2 side shoots are selected and remain on each major branch；Trim within 4th year：Except will it is main, Side shoot is carried out outside cutting back, fruitful branch also appropriate cutting back or retraction.
Embodiment 3
A kind of production implantation methods of selenium-rich plum, comprise the following steps：
1) selection of land, soil treatment：The soil that physical features is flat, soil layer is deep, quality is loose, permeability is good is as planting site； The corn stalk that the previous year selenium is done is moved to and mixed thoroughly after being burned in soil with soil, the next day soil is carried out to plough deeply selenium soil, Depth is in 40cm；Open ridge, row spacing 50cm after whole fine earth earth, ridge depth is 30cm, the draining furrow width 30cm between each ridge；Secondary depth Turn over, during selenium-rich base manure is manured into soil by every mu of 200kg, place 7 days；The selenium-rich base manure includes following raw material：Lee Sub- 30 parts of branches and leaves powder, 20 parts of fermentation poultry dung, 20 parts of fermentation pig manure, 30 parts of fertile soil, oil containing selenium adopt 12 parts of cake, paddy Icing Sugar 9 6 parts of part and Chinese medicine slag；.
2) seedling, field planting are selected：Kind is pure for selection, root system is complete, healthy and strong, bud matter is full, has no mechanical damage and no disease and pests harm With plum seedling；Plant spacing is 3m, planting hole diameter 1m, depth 0.8m, matches somebody with somebody in every 8 trees and plants a pollinizers；Backfill Make the humidity of soil between 40% in the root surrounding uniform sprinkling of every seedling after soil, tiltedly put at the 5cm of seedlings root periphery Enter 3 pvc pipes, tube wall punching.
3) fertilizer management：
A. seedling clay fertilizer, when being colonized plum seedling, backfill is with seedling clay fertilizer by weight 10：1 mixed preparing；The seedling clay fertilizer bag Include as above raw material：80 parts of stalk powder, oil containing selenium adopt 12 parts of cake, 60 parts of mulberry leaf, 3 parts of calcium nitrate and the people and animals of fermentation 500 parts of excrement；
B. preceding fertilizer is spent, 2 weeks before plum seedling rudiment, Hua Qianfei is applied in the local open loop shape ditch apart from plum seedling 0.5m, Per young plant fertilising 0.8kg and sprinkle water make soil moisture 15%；It is described to spend preceding fertilizer to include following raw material：Ammonium hydrogen carbonate 5 Part, 9 parts of duck dung tree, oil containing selenium adopt 12 parts of cake, 5 parts of stalk, 30 parts of wood chip, 17 parts of maize flour, 17 parts of wheat bran, 30 parts of chicken droppings；
C. seedling fertilizer, 2 weeks are spent thanking, the fertilising 2kg seedling fertilizers per young plant, and watering makes soil moisture 15%；It is described strong Seed manure seedling fertilizer includes following raw material：9 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, oil containing selenium adopt 12 parts of cake, 20 parts of wood chip, wheat bran 20 6 parts of part, 10 parts of urea and plant ash；
D. fruit-promoting fertilizer, the fruit stone phase apply, apart from fruit tree 5cm local open loop shape ditch apply fruit-promoting fertilizer, every plant Seedling apply fertilizer 2kg and sprinkle water make soil moisture 15%；The fruit-promoting fertilizer is strong to include following raw material：20 parts of magnesium phosphate, contain Selenium oil adopts 12 parts of cake, 40 parts of ammonium sulfate, 20 parts of plant ash, 20 parts of paddy bark, 20 parts of peat soil, 20 parts of wood chip；
E. fruit promoting fertilizer, before fruit maturation, per young plant fruit promoting fertilizer 2.2kg and watering makes soil moisture 15%；It is described to urge Fruit fertilizer includes following raw material：10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, oil containing selenium adopt 12 parts of cake, 15 parts of orange peel, 15 parts of urea, small Yellow 12 parts of gelsemium elegan, 15 parts of dehydrated potato powder, 20 parts of taro meal；
4) orchard management：
A. flower and fruit thinning：Flower that vegetable evening opens, the flower on weak branch, the honeysuckle on long medium fruit branch, spend upward；Long fruit branch stays 3 Fruit, medium fruit branch stay 3 fruits, and fruit spur, bouquet shape branch stay 1 fruit or do not stayed；
B. reflective membrane is spread：After bearing fruit, orchard ground lay reflex film；
C. prune：First Year is trimmed, and is cut for 60 centimetres away from ground after field planting, 20 centimetres of leaves that have stalwartness under clip Bud, 4~6 raw healthy and strong young sprouts straggly are retained after rudiment, often section stays a branch, and remaining whole is erased；Second annual overhaul Cut, Second Year winter selects three major branches when cutting, selected major branch is evenly distributed in each side, for rudiment power and weak into principal stresses Major branch stays of length no more than 60 centimetres of branch, rudiment and is no more than 80 centimetres into the strong major branch of principal stresses；Trim within 3rd year, the 3rd year Each major branch extends the appropriate cutting back of branch, starts simultaneously at and selects and remain side shoot, the first side shoot is apart from 50 centimetres of major branch base portion, 60 degree of base angle；Enter When major branch extends 60 centimetres, pinching inspires second after summer, and 3 side shoots are selected and remain on each major branch；Trim within 4th year：Except general Main, side shoot is carried out outside cutting back, fruitful branch also appropriate cutting back or retraction.
The plum per mu yield of embodiment 1~3 is counted respectively, plum is carried out using traditional cultivation method plantation as Control, as a result as shown in table 1.
Table 1
Found out by table 1, the per mu yield of embodiment 1~3 compared with conventional case distinguish high 4.16mg/kg, 4.19mg/kg and 4.26mg/kg, significantly improved by implantation methods yield of the present invention；Embodiment 1~3, which produces plum appearance uniform color, light Pool, taste good, taste is compared with sweet tea.
Described above is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair Bright patent claim, the equal change completed or modification change under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention, all should belong to Cover patent model in the present invention.

Claims (6)

  1. A kind of 1. production implantation methods of selenium-rich plum, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
    1) selection of land, soil treatment：The soil that physical features is flat, soil layer is deep, quality is loose, permeability is good is as planting site；By before The dry corn stalk of 1 year selenium is moved to burned in soil after mixed thoroughly with soil, the next day soil is carried out to plough deeply selenium soil, depth In 30~40cm；Open ridge, 35~50cm of row spacing after whole fine earth earth, ridge depth is 25~30cm, the draining furrow width 20 between each ridge~ 30cm；It is secondary to plough deeply, during selenium-rich base manure is manured into soil by every mu of 150~200kg, place 5~7 days；The selenium-rich base manure bag Include following raw material：20~30 parts of plum branches and leaves powder, 10~20 parts of fermentation poultry dung, 10~20 parts of fermentation pig manure, humic 20~30 parts of soil, oil containing selenium adopt 3~6 parts of 6~12 parts of cake, 6~9 parts of paddy Icing Sugar and Chinese medicine slag；
    2) seedling, field planting are selected：Selection kind is pure, root system is complete, healthy and strong, bud matter is full, has no mechanical damage and no disease and pests harm and Lee Sub- seedling；Plant spacing is 2~3m, planting hole 0.8~1m of diameter, 0.5~0.8m of depth, matches somebody with somebody cultivation one in every 6~8 trees and awards Powder tree；Make the humidity of soil between 35%~40% in the root surrounding uniform sprinkling of every seedling after backfill, in seedling root It is that 1~3 pvc pipe, tube wall punching are tiltedly put at peripheral 5cm.
    3) fertilizer management：
    A. seedling clay fertilizer, when being colonized plum seedling, backfill is with seedling clay fertilizer by weight 8~10：1 mixed preparing；
    B. preceding fertilizer is spent, 1~2 week before plum seedling rudiment, before being spent apart from the application of 0.3~0.5m of plum seedling local open loop shape ditch Fertilizer, per young plant apply fertilizer 0.6~0.8kg and sprinkle water make soil moisture 10%~15%；
    C. seedling fertilizer, 1~2 week is spent thanking, fertilising 1~2kg seedling fertilizers per young plant, and sprinkle water make soil moisture 10%~ 15%；
    D. fruit-promoting fertilizer, applied in the fruit stone phase, fruit-promoting fertilizer is applied in the local open loop shape ditch apart from 1~5cm of fruit tree, per young plant Fertilising 1~2kg and sprinkle water make soil moisture 10%~15%；
    E. fruit promoting fertilizer, before fruit maturation, per young plant 1.2~2.2kg of fruit promoting fertilizer and watering makes soil moisture 10%~15%；
    4) orchard management：
    A. flower and fruit thinning：Flower that vegetable evening opens, the flower on weak branch, the honeysuckle on long medium fruit branch, spend upward；Long fruit branch stays 3 fruits, in Fruit branch stays 2~3 fruits, and fruit spur, bouquet shape branch stay 1 fruit or do not stayed；
    B. reflective membrane is spread：After bearing fruit, orchard ground lay reflex film；
    C. prune：First Year is trimmed, and is cut for 50~60 centimetres away from ground after field planting, and 15~20 centimetres will have stalwartness under clip Leaf bud, 4~6 raw healthy and strong young sprouts straggly are retained after rudiment, often section stays a branch, and remaining whole is erased；Second annual overhaul Cut, Second Year winter selects three major branches when cutting, selected major branch is evenly distributed in each side, for rudiment power and into the weak master of principal stresses Branch stays of length no more than 60 centimetres of branch, rudiment and is no more than 80 centimetres into the strong major branch of principal stresses；Trim within 3rd year, the 3rd year each master Branch extends the appropriate cutting back of branch, starts simultaneously at and selects and remain side shoot, the first side shoot is apart from 40~50 centimetres of major branch base portion, base angle 50~60 Degree；When major branch extends 50~60 centimetres, pinching inspires second after summer has set in, and 2~3 side shoots are selected and remain on each major branch；4th Year trimming：Except will be in addition to main, side shoot carries out cutting back, fruitful branch also appropriate cutting back or retraction.
  2. A kind of 2. production implantation methods of selenium-rich plum according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The seedling clay fertilizer is included such as Lower raw material：65~80 parts of stalk powder, oil containing selenium adopt 6~12 parts of cake, 30~60 parts of mulberry leaf, 1~3 part of calcium nitrate and hair 300~500 parts of the human and animal excreta of ferment.
  3. A kind of 3. production implantation methods of selenium-rich plum according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to spend preceding fertilizer to include such as Lower raw material：2~5 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, oil containing selenium adopt 6~12 parts of cake, 3~9 parts of duck dung tree, 2~5 parts of stalk, wood chip 25 ~30 parts, 15~17 parts of maize flour, 15~17 parts of wheat bran, 25~30 parts of chicken droppings.
  4. A kind of 4. production implantation methods of selenium-rich plum according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The seedling fertilizer seedling fertilizer Including following raw material：5~9 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, oil containing selenium adopt 6~12 parts of cake, 10~20 parts of wood chip, wheat bran 10~20 3~6 parts of part, 5~10 parts of urea and plant ash.
  5. A kind of 5. production implantation methods of selenium-rich plum according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fruit-promoting fertilizer is strong to be included Following raw material：15~20 parts of magnesium phosphate, oil containing selenium adopt 6~12 parts of cake, 30~40 parts of ammonium sulfate, plant ash 15~20 Part, 15~20 parts of paddy bark, 15~20 parts of peat soil, 10~20 parts of wood chip.
  6. A kind of 6. production implantation methods of selenium-rich plum according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fruit promoting fertilizer is included such as Lower raw material：5~10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, oil containing selenium adopt 6~12 parts of cake, 10~15 parts of orange peel, 10~15 parts of urea, 6~12 parts of little Huang gelsemium elegan, 10~15 parts of dehydrated potato powder, 15~20 parts of taro meal.
CN201711053167.4A 2017-10-31 2017-10-31 A kind of production implantation methods of selenium-rich plum Pending CN107660437A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109168834A (en) * 2018-07-05 2019-01-11 紫云自治县紫香源农林科技有限责任公司 A kind of crisp Lee's planting technology of purple cloud ice
CN109168519A (en) * 2018-10-17 2019-01-11 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 A kind of adult Japanese plum anniversary fertilizing method
CN109526510A (en) * 2018-11-22 2019-03-29 博白县望海生态家庭农场 A kind of implantation methods of Se-rich pearl Lee
CN109588203A (en) * 2019-01-31 2019-04-09 遵义师范学院 A kind of cultural method of Japanese plum bearing basal shoot group

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102613042A (en) * 2012-03-15 2012-08-01 高县流米寺水果科技种植园 Method for increasing yield of plums
CN105123382A (en) * 2015-07-22 2015-12-09 朱代荣 Planting method for plum tree
CN106234124A (en) * 2016-08-05 2016-12-21 潘美丽 A kind of implantation methods of Fructus Pruni salicinae
CN106234125A (en) * 2016-08-05 2016-12-21 潘美丽 A kind of high-yield planting method of Fructus Pruni salicinae

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102613042A (en) * 2012-03-15 2012-08-01 高县流米寺水果科技种植园 Method for increasing yield of plums
CN105123382A (en) * 2015-07-22 2015-12-09 朱代荣 Planting method for plum tree
CN106234124A (en) * 2016-08-05 2016-12-21 潘美丽 A kind of implantation methods of Fructus Pruni salicinae
CN106234125A (en) * 2016-08-05 2016-12-21 潘美丽 A kind of high-yield planting method of Fructus Pruni salicinae

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109168834A (en) * 2018-07-05 2019-01-11 紫云自治县紫香源农林科技有限责任公司 A kind of crisp Lee's planting technology of purple cloud ice
CN109168519A (en) * 2018-10-17 2019-01-11 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 A kind of adult Japanese plum anniversary fertilizing method
CN109168519B (en) * 2018-10-17 2021-09-07 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 Annual fertilization method for adult plum trees
CN109526510A (en) * 2018-11-22 2019-03-29 博白县望海生态家庭农场 A kind of implantation methods of Se-rich pearl Lee
CN109588203A (en) * 2019-01-31 2019-04-09 遵义师范学院 A kind of cultural method of Japanese plum bearing basal shoot group

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Application publication date: 20180206