CN107593398A - A kind of HERBA DENDROBII field implantation methods - Google Patents
A kind of HERBA DENDROBII field implantation methods Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to planting technology field, more particularly to a kind of HERBA DENDROBII field implantation methods, Site environment selection：Selection is close to water source, illumination is sufficient and draughty environment；Lay in seedbed：Seedbed pedestal is built into by brick and cement, and upper strata is built using bamboo, seedbed upper berth matrix；Shelter from heat or light system building：Sunshade net is built at the top of seedbed；Spray system is built：Passageway just on semi-automatic spray system is installed；Seedling selects：From the three-level and above seedling for dividing pocket seedling or axillary seedling；Transplanting time：Annual early March is to late April, early September to late October；Cultivation：Cultivated using pressure stone method；Final-period management：Management, illumination management, fertilizing management, weeding, trimming and harvesting including moisture.The present invention from the selection in base, seedbed laying, the system building that shelters from heat or light, spray system build and final-period management in terms of optimize, greatly facilitated the growth of HERBA DENDROBII, increased the yield of HERBA DENDROBII.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plantation, it particularly relates to a kind of HERBA DENDROBII field implantation methods.
Background technology
HERBA DENDROBII is the traditional rare Chinese medicine in China, and top grade is classified as in " Sheng Nong's herbal classic ".Modern medicine and the traditional Chinese medical science
Pharmacological research shows that the stem of noble dendrobium has obvious in raising human immunological competence, anti-aging, suppression tumour, tonifying five zang organs consumptive disease etc.
Effect.The function of the stem of noble dendrobium is mainly reinforcing stomach reg fluid, replenishing the vital essence and removing heat.It is clinically used for that consumption of body fluid caused by febrile disease, thirsty tongue be dry, abnormal heat, stomach after being ill
Disease, retch, the few tongue of tongue light.With enhancing is immune, strong cloudy strengthening the essence, nourishing the stomach of promoting the production of body fluid, moistens the lung and relieve the cough, nourishing Yin and clearing heat, promotes the production of body fluid to quench thirst, uses
In consumption of body fluid caused by febrile disease, thirsty tongue is dry, abnormal heat, anticancer, reinforcing stomach reg fluid after being ill, nourishing Yin and clearing heat, clearing liver, improving eyesight, regulation blood fat, hypoglycemic
Deng.There is special efficacy to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular, digestive system and respiratory system, ophthalmology etc..Crack In Guizhou Chishui HERBA DENDROBII, category orchid family is for many years
Raw herbaceous plant, is grown between overhanging cliff, and cloud and mist rain and dew of satisfying throughout the year are to be moistened, by the elite of life negative and positive.It is used as medicine with base,
With promote the production of body fluid wet one's whistle, heat clearing and inflammation relieving, voiceless sound improving eyesight, cancer-resisting function, be renown far and wide rare rare traditional Chinese medicine both domestic and external.
At present, the cultural method of HERBA DENDROBII is：The first step, seedling selection and processing are carried out, selection is disease-free, is endangered without worm
The healthy and strong stem of noble dendrobium that evil, nothing are gone mouldy divides root and stem of certain plants seedling, tissue-cultured seedling to make production seedling, and seedling can also be used on the stipes of stem of Dendrobium middle and upper part
First sprout after long root and form new plantlet, seedling carries out a point root and stem of certain plants according to seedling source situation, by every nest 5-8 seedlings；Second step：It is determined that
Planting time, it is typically chosen spring and autumn and is cultivated；3rd step, select cultural method, at present cultural method have patch stone method with
And two kinds of patch tree method, patch stone method is that the alveole seedling base portion after scientific disposal is close into stone, is then fixed with line card, will
Root is securely fixed in stone surface, then again with decomposed cow dung, liver moss covering stem of noble dendrobium root；Patch tree method is that selection tree trunk is thicker
Greatly, the more and deep broad leaf tree of groove, drenched with rain face in tree body, a shallow breach is cut on more flat and thick branch or trunk with knife, will
Base portion, is fixed at breach by the processed good stem of noble dendrobium with bamboo nail or rope, then uses cow dung: soil again（5∶1）It is applied to the stem of noble dendrobium
Root；4th step, field management, mainly moisture and moisture management and pay attention to being incubated when surviving the winter illumination management.Existing cultivation
Culture method yield is relatively low, therefore, it is necessary to optimizes, to improve the yield of HERBA DENDROBII.
The content of the invention
It is existing to solve it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of HERBA DENDROBII field implantation methods for improving HERBA DENDROBII yield
There is the relatively low technical problem of the HERBA DENDROBII yield of cultural method.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by the following technical programs：
A kind of HERBA DENDROBII field implantation methods, comprise the following steps：
（1）Site environment selects：Selection is close to water source, illumination is sufficient and draughty environment；
（2）Lay in seedbed：Seedbed pedestal is built into by brick and cement, and upper strata is built using bamboo, and bed surface first spreads layer of plastic film,
Side stamps aperture on the plastic film, seedbed upper berth matrix, soaks substrate with water before upper seedbed saturating, and operation road is stayed between seedbed；
（3）Shelter from heat or light system building：Sunshade net is built at the top of seedbed；
（4）Spray system is built：Passageway just on semi-automatic spray system is installed；
（5）Seedling selects：From the three-level and above seedling for dividing pocket seedling or axillary seedling, 2~5 plants every clump；
（6）Transplanting time：Annual early March is to late April, early September to late October；
（7）Transplanting：The coring of HERBA DENDROBII seedling and base portion are affixed on not grease-contained bark block, then by the Danxia stone on seedbed
Block is pressed in base portion at 1.5~2.5 more than HERBA DENDROBII seedling stem base portion cm, and root system is wanted to stretch naturally, then with liver moss living
Gently it is affixed on plant root；
（8）Final-period management：
A. water management
In the morning and dusk of high temperature season, poured using pipe leaching mode, kept for Danxia stone and bark block moistening, winter and rain day
In more season, do not water；
B. illumination management
By adjusting sunshade net thickness, ensure that shade density is 55%~75% on seedbed；
C. fertilizing management
Spring and autumn applies fertilizer twice before the germination of HERBA DENDROBII seedling according to the amount of every mu of 130~170kg base manure；
D. weeding, fallen leaves, liver moss
To carry out weeding out the rank grass for 2~3 times every year, the soil around rhizosphere, withered branch fallen leaves be removed totally, high temperature season is not
Weeding；
E. trim
After stem of noble dendrobium plantation, before annual green sprouting or after winter harvesting, by part old stem, withered stem or the overstocked plant of some growth
Wipe out, adjust its printing opacity degree；
F. harvest
Plantation can enter high yield period in 3 years, you can harvesting.
Height above sea level should be selected during the base selection：300~800m, winter temperature：>0 DEG C, average temperature of the whole year：>18
DEG C, 6~August samming：>32℃；Average annual humidity：>80%, annual rainfall：>1200mm, frost-free period：>300d.
The seedbed laying：Seedbed pedestal is built into by brick and cement, and upper strata is built for bamboo, wide 1.3~1.7m, high by 0.4
~0.8m, long 25~35m, bed surface first spread one layer of 3 thick plastic sheeting, on the plastic film（8~12）cm×（8~12）Cm's
The mm of radius 1.5~4 aperture is stamped at distance, and each seedbed paving matrix 12~18 cm is thick, substrate with water is soaked before upper seedbed
Soak, the operation road that 0.3~0.7 m is wide is stayed between seedbed.
The matrix is that not grease-contained size is（10~14）cm×（10~14）Cm bark block and size（6~9）
cm×（6~9）Cm Danxia stone block is pressed（1.5~3）: 1 ratio mixes.
The matrix is the Danxia stone block of bark block and size 8cm × 8cm that not grease-contained size is 12cm × 12cm
Mixed in 2: 1 ratios.
The system building that shelters from heat or light：Sunshade net is being built at 1.8~3m at the top of seedbed, by adjusting the thickness of sunshade net,
Ensure shade density between 55%~75%.
The spray system is built：Semi-automatic spray system is installed directly over passageway at 1.2~1.8m at the top of seedbed
System, one shower nozzle is installed every 48~60cm, ensures all to cover every passageway.
The seedling selection：From the three-level and above seedling for dividing pocket seedling or axillary seedling, 2~5 plants every clump, appearance is strong
Strong, root is neat, physically well develops, disease-free spot, not damaged.
The HERBA DENDROBII plantation density is（25~35）cm×（25~35）Cm spacing.
During the water management, high temperature season watering will be before 8 points daily of morning, after at 19 points in afternoon, the standard of watering
It is matrix is all moistened, hand, which is pinched, not to drip for degree.
The base manure is by 1 by oil cake and not grease-contained wood sawdust:（4.5~5.5）Weight ratio add water mix, mix
It is wet, covered tightly with plastic foil, heap corruption fully fermentation in 4~12 months, produce base manure.
The bark block is made up of yellow square rafter, Chinese tallow tree, persimmon tree or the bark of seeds of a tung oil tree tree.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：First, during present invention cultivation HERBA DENDROBII, using pressure stone method, with existing patch
Stone method is compared with patch tree method, and pressure stone method can more firmly be fixed on HERBA DENDROBII on stone, prevent HERBA DENDROBII by wind or
Rain drop erosion is taken away.Secondly, it is of the invention by oil cake and not grease-contained wood sawdust mixed fermentation according to a certain percentage, resulting material
Nutrition is abundant, disclosure satisfy that needed for HERBA DENDROBII growth, promotes HERBA DENDROBII preferably to grow faster, so as to increase HERBA DENDROBII
Yield.Again, the present invention from the selection in base, seedbed laying, the system building that shelters from heat or light, spray system build and the later stage manage
Optimized in terms of reason, greatly facilitated the growth of HERBA DENDROBII, increased the yield of HERBA DENDROBII.
Embodiment
In order to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention is described further below in conjunction with embodiment.It is real
It is only equal the step of not illustrated in embodiment to the invention for example, be not limitation of the invention to apply example
It is prior art, is not described in detail herein.
Embodiment 1
A kind of HERBA DENDROBII field implantation methods, comprise the following steps：
（1）Site environment selects
Planting base should be selected close to water source, illumination is sufficient, draughty base.Environmental requirement should reach GB-3095, GB-
5084th, GB-15618 regulation；Height above sea level：300m, winter temperature：>0 DEG C, average temperature of the whole year：>18 DEG C, 6~August samming：
>32℃；Average annual humidity：>80%, annual rainfall：>1200mm, frost-free period：>300d.
（2）Lay in seedbed
Seedbed pedestal is built into by brick and cement, and upper strata is built for bamboo, and wide 1.3m, high 0.4m, long 25m, bed surface first spread one layer 3
Thick plastic sheeting, stamps the mm of radius 1.5 aperture on the plastic film at 8 cm × 8cm distance, each seedbed spreads matrix 12
Cm is thick, soaks thoroughly substrate with water before upper seedbed, the operation road that 0.3 m is wide is stayed between seedbed.The matrix is not grease-contained chi
Bark block and size 6cm × 6cm Danxia stone block made of the bark of the very little Ammonium alum method for 10cm × 10cm are mixed in 1.5: 1 ratios
Conjunction forms.
（3）Shelter from heat or light system building
Sunshade net is being built at 1.8m at the top of seedbed, is being advantageous to ventilated, by adjusting the thickness of sunshade net, is ensureing shade density
55%.
（4）Spray system is built
Semi-automatic spray system is installed directly over passageway at 1.2m at the top of seedbed, one shower nozzle is installed every 48cm, protected
Card all covers every passageway.
（5）Seedling selects
From the three-level seedling for dividing pocket seedling, 2 plants every clump, appearance is stalwartness, and root is neat, physically well develops, disease-free spot, not damaged.
Divide root and stem of certain plants seedling:The HERBA DENDROBII axillary seedling outgrowth out of office pocket seedling of more than 3 years.
The HERBA DENDROBII of table 1 divides root and stem of certain plants seedling classification standard
| Rank | Standard |
| One-level | The cm of plant height >=20, >=15 plants/clump. |
| Two level | Plant height >=20cm, 10~15 plants/clump. |
| Three-level | Plant height >=20cm, 8~10 plants/clump. |
| Note | Plant height refers to the height of highest plant in one clump of stem of noble dendrobium kind root and stem of certain plants. |
（6）Transplanting time
Annual early March.
（7）Transplanting
Using " pressure stone method ", i.e., the coring of HERBA DENDROBII seedling and base portion are affixed on to tree made of the bark of not grease-contained Ammonium alum method
On skin bit, then base at 1.5 cm that the Danxia stone block of size 6cm × 6cm on seedbed is pressed in more than HERBA DENDROBII seedling stem base portion
Portion, root system are wanted to stretch naturally.If line card is fixed on the base portion of plant, base portion can be covered, have a strong impact on base portion sprout sprouting and
New root.Finally plant root is gently affixed on the liver moss of work.Paying attention to the base portion of plant should be exposed to outside, it is impossible to and cover or cover, it is no
The sprouting and growth of sprouting, new root can then be had a strong impact on.The yield of HERBA DENDROBII depends mainly on individual plant cane weight and effectively divided
Tiller number, this requires to carry out rational close planted according to the concrete condition of cultivation area, is planted by 25cm × 25cm spacing.
（8）Final-period management
A. water management
Water management is a key element during hardening, in the morning and dusk of high temperature season, is poured using pipe leaching mode
Fill, keep Danxia stone and bark block moistening.High temperature season watering will be before 8 points daily of morning, after at 19 points in afternoon, never high noon
The sun most flower waters；The standard of watering is matrix is all moistened, and hand, which is pinched, not to drip for degree.Winter and more season on rain day,
It can not water.
B. illumination management
By adjusting sunshade net thickness, ensure on seedbed that shade density 55%, in spring and summer, packs up sunshade net, in order to avoid excessively
Shelter from heat or light, hinder the stem of noble dendrobium to receive suitable illumination and rain and dew.
C. fertilizing management
Base manure is prepared：Oil cake and not grease-contained wood sawdust press 1: 4.5 ratio, add water mix it is equal, mix it is wet（Pinched and do not dripped for degree with hand）,
Make its consistent in density, covered tightly with plastic foil, heap fully fermentation in rotten 4 months.
Fertilising：Spring and autumn applies fertilizer twice before the germination of HERBA DENDROBII seedling according to every mu of 130kg.
D. weeding, fallen leaves, liver moss
After HERBA DENDROBII plantation, because of improvements of terms such as environment, rich water, ecologies, weeds are easily grown, therefore, to be carried out 2 times every year
Weed out the rank grass, the soil around rhizosphere, withered branch fallen leaves are removed into clean, particularly rainy season, a large amount of rotted leaves, mud scum pair
The ventilative influence of root is very big, it is necessary to removes at any time, but pays special attention at 2 points in removing：When the unsuitable weeding of high temperature season, in order to avoid
It is exposed to the sun, unfavorable growth；Second, not hinder root, the viability of HERBA DENDROBII is reduced, influences stem of noble dendrobium yield and quality.
The growth of HERBA DENDROBII rhizosphere liver moss favorably also has disadvantage to it, and favourable one side is that summer high temperature season can protect
It is wet；Unfavorable one side is that summer in rainy season is waterproof, is easily caused rotten and the generation of other diseases.Therefore, one in production
Surely the increment of liver moss is controlled, using not ponding as degree.
E. trim
After stem of noble dendrobium plantation, before annual green sprouting or after winter harvesting, by part old stem, withered stem or the overstocked plant of some growth
Wipe out, adjust its printing opacity degree, in case excessively strongly fragrant cover influences its normal growth.
F. harvest
After stem of noble dendrobium plantation, growing environment is good, and managerial skills are high, can enter high yield period within 3 years, you can enters harvesting.
HERBA DENDROBII is cultivated using the method for the embodiment, every mu of annual production reaches 765kg.
Embodiment 2
A kind of HERBA DENDROBII field implantation methods, comprise the following steps：
（1）Site environment selects
Planting base should be selected close to water source, illumination is sufficient, draughty base.Environmental requirement should reach GB-3095, GB-
5084th, GB-15618 regulation；Height above sea level：800m, winter temperature：>0 DEG C, average temperature of the whole year：>18 DEG C, 6~August samming：
>32℃；Average annual humidity：>80%, annual rainfall：>1200mm, frost-free period：>300d.
（2）Lay in seedbed
Seedbed pedestal is built into by brick and cement, and upper strata is built for bamboo, and wide 1.7m, high 0.8m, long 35m, bed surface first spread one layer 3
Thick plastic sheeting, stamps the mm of radius 4 aperture on the plastic film at 12 cm × 12cm distance, each seedbed spreads matrix 18
Cm is thick, soaks thoroughly substrate with water before upper seedbed, the operation road that 0.7 m is wide is stayed between seedbed.The matrix is not grease-contained chi
Bark block and size 9cm × 9cm Danxia stone block made of the bark of the very little Chinese tallow tree for 14cm × 14cm are mixed in 3: 1 ratios
Form.
（3）Shelter from heat or light system building
Sunshade net is being built at 3m at the top of seedbed, is being advantageous to ventilated, by adjusting the thickness of sunshade net, is ensureing that shade density exists
75%。
（4）Spray system is built
Semi-automatic spray system is installed directly over passageway at 1.8m at the top of seedbed, one shower nozzle is installed every 60cm, protected
Card all covers every passageway.
（5）Seedling selects
From the two level seedling of axillary seedling, 5 plants every clump, appearance is stalwartness, and root is neat, physically well develops, disease-free spot, not damaged.
Axillary seedling:Seedling of the HERBA DENDROBII test tube seedling after the greenhouse hardening of a year and a half.
The HERBA DENDROBII axillary seedling classification standard of table 2
| Seedling grade | Height of seedling/cm | Stem is thick/cm | Radical | Tiller |
| One-level seedling | ≥20 | ≥0.6 | ≥5 | 1~2 |
| Two level seedling | 15~20 | ≥0.6 | ≥5 | 1~2 |
| Three-level seedling | 12~15 | ≥0.6 | ≥5 | 1~2 |
（6）Transplanting time
Annual late April.
（7）Transplanting
Using " pressure stone method ", i.e., the coring of HERBA DENDROBII seedling and base portion are affixed on to tree made of the bark of not grease-contained Chinese tallow tree
On skin bit, then the Danxia stone block of size 9cm × 9cm on seedbed is pressed at 2.5 more than HERBA DENDROBII seedling stem base portion cm
Base portion, root system are wanted to stretch naturally.If line card is fixed on the base portion of plant, base portion can be covered, has a strong impact on that base portion sprouts sprouting
And new root.Finally plant root is gently affixed on the liver moss of work.Paying attention to the base portion of plant should be exposed to outside, it is impossible to and cover or cover,
Otherwise the sprouting and growth of sprouting, new root can be had a strong impact on.It is heavy and effective that the yield of HERBA DENDROBII depends mainly on individual plant cane
Tiller number, this requires to carry out rational close planted according to the concrete condition of cultivation area.Planted by 35cm × 35cm spacing.
（8）Final-period management
A. water management
Water management is a key element during hardening, in the morning and dusk of high temperature season, is poured using pipe leaching mode
Fill, keep Danxia stone and bark block moistening.High temperature season watering will be before 8 points daily of morning, after at 19 points in afternoon, never high noon
The sun most flower waters；The standard of watering is matrix is all moistened, and hand, which is pinched, not to drip for degree.Winter and more season on rain day,
It can not water.
B. illumination management
By adjusting sunshade net thickness, ensure on seedbed that shade density 75%, in spring and summer, packs up sunshade net, in order to avoid excessively
Shelter from heat or light, hinder the stem of noble dendrobium to receive suitable illumination and rain and dew.
C. fertilizing management
Base manure is prepared：Oil cake and not grease-contained wood sawdust press 1: 5.5 ratio, add water mix it is equal, mix it is wet（Pinched and do not dripped for degree with hand）,
Make its consistent in density, covered tightly with plastic foil, heap fully fermentation in rotten 12 months.
Fertilising：Spring and autumn applies fertilizer twice before the germination of HERBA DENDROBII seedling according to every mu of 170kg.
D. weeding, fallen leaves, liver moss
After HERBA DENDROBII plantation, because of improvements of terms such as environment, rich water, ecologies, weeds are easily grown, therefore, to be carried out 3 times every year
Weed out the rank grass, the soil around rhizosphere, withered branch fallen leaves are removed into clean, particularly rainy season, a large amount of rotted leaves, mud scum pair
The ventilative influence of root is very big, it is necessary to removes at any time, but pays special attention at 2 points in removing：When the unsuitable weeding of high temperature season, in order to avoid
It is exposed to the sun, unfavorable growth；Second, not hinder root, the viability of HERBA DENDROBII is reduced, influences stem of noble dendrobium yield and quality.
The growth of HERBA DENDROBII rhizosphere liver moss favorably also has disadvantage to it, and favourable one side is that summer high temperature season can protect
It is wet；Unfavorable one side is that summer in rainy season is waterproof, is easily caused rotten and the generation of other diseases.Therefore, one in production
Surely the increment of liver moss is controlled, using not ponding as degree.
E. trim
After stem of noble dendrobium plantation, before annual green sprouting or after winter harvesting, by part old stem, withered stem or the overstocked plant of some growth
Wipe out, adjust its printing opacity degree, in case excessively strongly fragrant cover influences its normal growth.
F. harvest
After stem of noble dendrobium plantation, growing environment is good, and managerial skills are high, can enter high yield period within 3 years, you can enters harvesting.
HERBA DENDROBII is cultivated using the method for the embodiment, every mu of annual production reaches 798kg.
Embodiment three
A kind of HERBA DENDROBII field implantation methods, comprise the following steps：
（1）Site environment selects
Planting base should be selected close to water source, illumination is sufficient, draughty base.Environmental requirement should reach GB-3095, GB-
5084th, GB-15618 regulation；Height above sea level：600m, winter temperature：>0 DEG C, average temperature of the whole year：>18 DEG C, 6~August samming：
>32℃；Average annual humidity：>80%, annual rainfall：>1200mm, frost-free period：>300d.
（2）Lay in seedbed
Seedbed pedestal is built into by brick and cement, and upper strata is built for bamboo, and wide 1.5m, high 0.6m, long 30m, bed surface first spread one layer 3
Thick plastic sheeting, stamps the mm of radius 2 aperture on the plastic film at 10 cm × 10cm distance, each seedbed spreads matrix
15cm is thick, soaks thoroughly substrate with water before upper seedbed, the operation road that 0.5 m is wide is stayed between seedbed.The matrix is not grease-contained
Size is mixed for bark block and size 8cm × 8cm Danxia stone block made of the bark of 12cm × 12cm seeds of a tung oil tree tree in 2: 1 ratios
Conjunction forms.
（3）Shelter from heat or light system building
Sunshade net is being built at 2m at the top of seedbed, is being advantageous to ventilated, by adjusting the thickness of sunshade net, is ensureing that shade density exists
65%。
（4）Spray system is built
Semi-automatic spray system is installed directly over passageway at 1.5m at the top of seedbed, one shower nozzle is installed every 50cm, protected
Card all covers every passageway.
（5）Seedling selects
From the one-level seedling for dividing pocket seedling, 4 plants every clump, appearance is stalwartness, and root is neat, physically well develops, disease-free spot, not damaged.Point
Pocket seedling grade scale is shown in Table 1.
（6）Transplanting time
Annual early March.
（7）Transplanting
Using " pressure stone method ", i.e., the coring of HERBA DENDROBII seedling and base portion are affixed on to tree made of the bark of not grease-contained seeds of a tung oil tree tree
On skin bit, then base portion at the 2cm that the Danxia stone block of size 8cm × 8cm on seedbed is pressed in more than HERBA DENDROBII seedling stem base portion,
Root system is wanted to stretch naturally.If line card is fixed on the base portion of plant, base portion can be covered, has a strong impact on that base portion sprouts sprouting and new
Root.Finally plant root is gently affixed on the liver moss of work.Paying attention to the base portion of plant should be exposed to outside, it is impossible to cover or cover, otherwise
The sprouting and growth of sprouting, new root can be had a strong impact on.The yield of HERBA DENDROBII depends mainly on individual plant cane weight and effective tillering
Number, this requires to carry out rational close planted according to the concrete condition of cultivation area.Planted by 30cm × 30cm spacing.
（8）Final-period management
A. water management
Water management is a key element during hardening, in the morning and dusk of high temperature season, is poured using pipe leaching mode
Fill, keep Danxia stone and bark block moistening.High temperature season watering will be before 8 points daily of morning, after at 19 points in afternoon, never high noon
The sun most flower waters；The standard of watering is matrix is all moistened, and hand, which is pinched, not to drip for degree.Winter and more season on rain day,
It can not water.
B. illumination management
By adjusting sunshade net thickness, ensure on seedbed that shade density 65%, in spring and summer, packs up sunshade net, in order to avoid excessively
Shelter from heat or light, hinder the stem of noble dendrobium to receive suitable illumination and rain and dew.
C. fertilizing management
Base manure is prepared：Oil cake and not grease-contained wood sawdust press 1: 5 ratio, add water mix it is equal, mix it is wet（Pinched and do not dripped for degree with hand）, make
Its consistent in density, covered tightly with plastic foil, heap fully fermentation in rotten 8 months.
Fertilising：Spring and autumn applies fertilizer twice before the germination of HERBA DENDROBII seedling according to every mu of 150kg.
D. weeding, fallen leaves, liver moss
After HERBA DENDROBII plantation, because of improvements of terms such as environment, rich water, ecologies, weeds are easily grown, therefore, to be carried out 3 times every year
Weed out the rank grass, the soil around rhizosphere, withered branch fallen leaves are removed into clean, particularly rainy season, a large amount of rotted leaves, mud scum pair
The ventilative influence of root is very big, it is necessary to removes at any time, but pays special attention at 2 points in removing：When the unsuitable weeding of high temperature season, in order to avoid
It is exposed to the sun, unfavorable growth；Second, not hinder root, the viability of HERBA DENDROBII is reduced, influences stem of noble dendrobium yield and quality.
The growth of HERBA DENDROBII rhizosphere liver moss favorably also has disadvantage to it, and favourable one side is that summer high temperature season can protect
It is wet；Unfavorable one side is that summer in rainy season is waterproof, is easily caused rotten and the generation of other diseases.Therefore, one in production
Surely the increment of liver moss is controlled, using not ponding as degree.
E. trim
After stem of noble dendrobium plantation, before annual green sprouting or after winter harvesting, by part old stem, withered stem or the overstocked plant of some growth
Wipe out, adjust its printing opacity degree, in case excessively strongly fragrant cover influences its normal growth.
F. harvest
After stem of noble dendrobium plantation, growing environment is good, and managerial skills are high, can enter high yield period within 3 years, you can enters harvesting.
HERBA DENDROBII is cultivated using the method for the embodiment, every mu of annual production reaches 842kg.
Test example 1
The cultural method of HERBA DENDROBII is：
（1）Place election
The environment of the dark moistening of selection, it is desirable to which air humidity is larger and has the shade of broad-leaved sparse woods, and milpa selection is relative in rock
Concentrate, stone matter pine steeps coarse, the easy moisture absorption, the stone for having moss growth；Patch tree is Ammonium alum method；
（2）Seedling selects and processing
During seed selection, the healthy and strong stem of noble dendrobium that is disease-free, being gone mouldy without worm harm, nothing should be selected to divide root and stem of certain plants seedling to make production seedling, never there is disease pest
Harm and collecting time are long and occur to do the rotten seedling to go mouldy as expanding production kind, otherwise will be brought to production greatly
Loss.Seedling carries out a point root and stem of certain plants according to seedling source situation, and seedling source is sufficient, is planted by every seedling of nest 5.
（3）Planting time
Spring late March.
（4）Cultural method
Using patch stone method plantation, the alveole seedling base portion after scientific disposal is close to stone, then fixed with line card, by root
Stone surface is securely fixed in, then again with decomposed cow dung, liver moss covering stem of noble dendrobium root, tender shoots is upward, density 30cm ×
30cm。
（5）Field management
A. temperature and illumination management
The suitable growth temperature of HERBA DENDROBII is 15 DEG C~28 DEG C, thus is suitable to the temperature environment of its growth for construction, in summer
When temperature is high, ventilation and heat must be strengthened in facility plastic greenhouse, regulated and controled by the mode such as shade, mist cooling, aeration-cooling in canopy
Temperature is in a suitable scope；When temperature is low in the winter time, facility plastic greenhouse good seal can should be passed through various heating if necessary
Mode make it that temperature rises to prevent frostbite plant in facility.
The HERBA DENDROBII shade density in growth period is advisable with 60% or so, and when seedling has just been colonized completion, greenhouse must be stamped 70% screening
Shade net more than cloudy degree, cause seedling to be wilted with anti glare anti static coatingses exposure, influence survival rate.High temperature, the summer of high-strength light, autumn, greatly
The shade net of canopy must cover, cover jail, because high-strength light is easy to allow plant to bind ahead of time, length is not high, influences yield.Winter should fit
When opening cloudy canopy with sharp printing opacity, extend growth period.
B. moisture and moisture management
The water content for the stem of noble dendrobium seedling control matrix just transplanted is advisable 65%, and grabbing matrix with hand during concrete operations has wet sense but do not drip
Water is advisable.After air humidity is maintained at 90% or so, 7 days in 7 days after transplanting, new root takes place in plant, and air humidity is maintained at
75%。
Summer and autumn high temperature season then controls moisture as far as possible, is advisable with water content of substrate 45%；Into the winter after November,
Temperature is gradually reduced, and HERBA DENDROBII stops growing substantially when temperature is below 10 DEG C, and into resting state, now moisture is wanted
Ask very low, water content of substrate should be controlled within 30%.
C. overwinter management
Overwinter management is mainly incubated, and the films of measure You Jia bis-, smog is antifreeze, artificial heating etc..Will be to Jin Chai before into winter
The stem of noble dendrobium carries out freeze proof exercise and suitably reduces humidity, 1 water of spray in every 15 days.
D. harvest
Plantation enters harvesting after 3 years.
HERBA DENDROBII is cultivated using the method for the test example, every mu of annual production reaches 613kg.
Test example 2
Cultural method：Select that tree trunk is thicker, groove is more and deep broad leaf tree persimmon tree, drenched with rain face in tree body, with knife relatively flat
And a shallow breach is cut on thick branch or trunk, base portion is fixed at breach by the processed good stem of noble dendrobium with bamboo nail or rope,
Then cow dung: soil is used again（5∶1）It is applied to stem of noble dendrobium root.The density of patch tree cultivation is planted by 30cm broods, to prevent wind
Blow and rain drop erosion, should typically tie two circles, closely be climbed along tree body after bearing, its new root on trunk or crotch with fixing fibrous root
Along growth.In addition to cultural method, other plantation the step of with test example 1.
HERBA DENDROBII is cultivated using the method for the test example, every mu of annual production reaches 622kg.
The kind of cultivation is the HERBA DENDROBII kind of Crack In Guizhou Chishui above.From test example and the method for the embodiment of the present invention
From the point of view of the HERBA DENDROBII per mu yield of cultivation, per mu yield of the invention is significantly larger than the per mu yield of test example, it can be seen that, the present invention
Selection, seedbed laying, the system building that shelters from heat or light, spray system from base build and final-period management in terms of optimize, pole
The big growth for promoting HERBA DENDROBII, significantly increase the yield of HERBA DENDROBII.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of HERBA DENDROBII field implantation methods, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Site environment selects：Selection is close to water source, illumination is sufficient and draughty environment；
Lay in seedbed：Seedbed pedestal is built into by brick and cement, and upper strata is built using bamboo, and bed surface first spreads layer of plastic film,
Stamp aperture above plastic foil, seedbed upper berth matrix soaks substrate with water before upper seedbed saturating, and operation road is stayed between seedbed；
Shelter from heat or light system building：Sunshade net is built at the top of seedbed；
Spray system is built：Passageway just on semi-automatic spray system is installed；
Seedling selects：From the three-level and above seedling for dividing pocket seedling or axillary seedling, 2~5 plants every clump；
Transplanting time：Annual early March is to late April, early September to late October；
Transplanting：The coring of HERBA DENDROBII seedling and base portion are affixed on not grease-contained bark block, then by the Danxia stone block on seedbed
Base portion at 1.5~2.5 more than HERBA DENDROBII seedling stem base portion cm is pressed in, root system is wanted to stretch naturally, then with liver moss living
Gently it is affixed on plant root；
Final-period management：
A. water management
In the morning and dusk of high temperature season, poured using pipe leaching mode, kept for Danxia stone and bark block moistening, winter and rain day
In more season, do not water；
B. illumination management
By adjusting sunshade net thickness, ensure that shade density is 55%~75% on seedbed；
C. fertilizing management
Spring and autumn applies fertilizer twice before the germination of HERBA DENDROBII seedling according to the amount of every mu of 130~170kg base manure；
D. weeding, fallen leaves, liver moss
To carry out weeding out the rank grass for 2~3 times every year, the soil around rhizosphere, withered branch fallen leaves be removed totally, high temperature season is not
Weeding；
E. trim
After stem of noble dendrobium plantation, before annual green sprouting or after winter harvesting, by part old stem, withered stem or the overstocked plant of some growth
Wipe out, adjust its printing opacity degree；
F. harvest
Plantation can enter high yield period in 3 years, you can harvesting.
2. HERBA DENDROBII field as claimed in claim 1 implantation methods, it is characterised in that：Sea should be selected during the base selection
Degree of lifting：300~800m, winter temperature：>0 DEG C, average temperature of the whole year：>18 DEG C, 6~August samming：>32℃；Average annual humidity：>
80%, annual rainfall：>1200mm, frost-free period：>300d.
3. HERBA DENDROBII field as claimed in claim 1 implantation methods, it is characterised in that：The seedbed laying：Seedbed pedestal
It is built into by brick and cement, upper strata is built for bamboo, and wide 1.3~1.7m, high 0.4~0.8m, long 25~35m, bed surface first spread one layer 3
The thick plastic sheeting of silk, on the plastic film（8~12）cm×（8~12）The mm of radius 1.5~4 aperture is stamped at cm distance,
Each seedbed paving matrix 12~18 cm is thick, soaks thoroughly substrate with water before upper seedbed, the wide operations of 0.3~0.7 m are stayed between seedbed
Road.
4. HERBA DENDROBII field as claimed in claim 1 implantation methods, it is characterised in that：The matrix is not grease-contained big
It is small to be（10~14）Cm × (10~14）Cm bark block and size（6~9）cm×（6~9）Cm Danxia stone block is pressed（1.5~
3）: 1 ratio mixes.
5. the HERBA DENDROBII field implantation methods as described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that：The matrix is without grease
Size be that 12cm × 12cm bark block and size 8cm × 8cm Danxia stone block are mixed in 2: 1 ratios.
6. HERBA DENDROBII field as claimed in claim 1 implantation methods, it is characterised in that：The system building that shelters from heat or light：In seedling
Sunshade net is built at 1.8~3m of bed top, by adjusting the thickness of sunshade net, ensures shade density between 55%~75%.
7. HERBA DENDROBII field as claimed in claim 1 implantation methods, it is characterised in that：The spray system is built：In mistake
Semi-automatic spray system is installed directly over road at 1.2~1.8m at the top of seedbed, one shower nozzle is installed every 48~60cm, protected
Card all covers every passageway.
8. HERBA DENDROBII field as claimed in claim 1 implantation methods, it is characterised in that：The size of the HERBA DENDROBII plantation
For（25~35）cm×（25~35）Cm spacing.
9. HERBA DENDROBII field as claimed in claim 1 implantation methods, it is characterised in that：During the water management, the high warm season
Section watering will before 8 points daily of morning, after at 19 points in afternoon, the standard of watering be make matrix all moisten, hand pinch do not drip for
Degree.
10. HERBA DENDROBII field as claimed in claim 1 implantation methods, it is characterised in that：The base manure be by oil cake with not
Grease-contained wood sawdust presses 1:（4.5~5.5）Weight ratio add water mix, mix wet, covered tightly with plastic foil, heap corruption 4
Fully fermentation in~12 months, produces base manure.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109042264A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-12-21 | 合江妙灵中药材开发有限公司 | HERBA DENDROBII ecological product method |
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