CN107556077A - A kind of Special grape base fertilizer and top dressing suitable for southwest water-fertilizer integral - Google Patents
A kind of Special grape base fertilizer and top dressing suitable for southwest water-fertilizer integral Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a kind of Special grape base fertilizer suitable for southwest water-fertilizer integral and top dressing；Total nitrogen content is calculated as 17% with N in Special basal fertilizer, and available phosphorus content is with P2O517% is calculated as, effective potassium content is with K2O is calculated as 17%, and micro- synergy bag effective content is 1%；Total nitrogen content is calculated as 23% with N in special budding period top dressing, and available phosphorus content is with P2O55% is calculated as, effective potassium content is with K2O is calculated as 15%, and micro- synergy bag effective content is 1%；Total nitrogen content is calculated as 15% with N in special swollen fruiting period top dressing, and available phosphorus content is with P2O55% is calculated as, effective potassium content is with K2O is calculated as 27%, and micro- synergy bag effective content is 1%；With the nutrient fully met needed for grape growth development, while and can reduces fertilizers input and the grape special fertilizer suitable for water-fertilizer integral wasted, can realize the advantages of applying fertilizers scientifically and improve vintage and quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to a kind of grape suitable for southwest water-fertilizer integral is special
Base manure and top dressing.
Background technology
The Integration of Water into Fertilizer is the agricultural technology that water and fertilizer are synchronously supplied.It is by soluble solids or Liquid Fertilizer
Expect the solution being configured to, irrigated by pressure system together with water.According to soil nutrient content and the regulation of fertilizer requirement of crop species
And feature, uniform, timing, crop root development growth region is quantitatively infiltrated, make full use of controllable pipeline system water supply, fertilizer.
Forming drip irrigation by pipeline makes liquid manure mutually melt, while main root soil is remained thin according to the nutrient uptake feature of Different Crop
Loose and suitable water content, moisture, nutrient are supplied directly to crop in proportion at regular time and quantity, so as to meet crop demand.It is logical
Cross the Demand Design of different growing so as to reach improve crop quality, increasing both production and income a technology.
The Southwestern China area vineyard soil overwhelming majority is distributed in hilly upland, based on characteristic of acid red soil.Barren soil
Glutinous weight, organic matter are few, and the constituent content such as calcium, potassium, magnesium, boron is low, and overall retain water and nutrients ability is weaker.Traditional flood high fertile management
Pattern not only causes the loss of water resource waste and fertilizer, and nutrient excessively abundance easily causes plant excessive growth.Using drip irrigation
For the Integration of Water into Fertilizer of representative, rich water mixing is prepared into according to the regulation of fertilizer requirement and feature of soil nutrient content and crop
Liquid, it is transported to by controllable pipe-line system around root system and ensures that moisture, nutrient timely and appropriate discovery accurately supply.Realize with fertile water transfer,
Promote the effect of fertilizer with water, increase fruit yield is reached while significantly improving liquid manure utilization ratio, improves fruit quality, improve and apply
The target of fertilizer efficiency benefit.Now there are some researches show：Drip irrigation can make soil moisture be economized on water on the premise of being maintained at suitable grape growth
50% or so (compared with micro spray irrigation)；Pour water and apply fertilizer and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer can be made to be up to more than 90% during drip irrigation simultaneously.With drop
Fill as means, after application obscure portions root area dry technology WUEL greatly increase grape yield, mouthfeel, coloring have it is bright
Aobvious to improve, the colourity and aromatic compound concentration of grape improve 30%, while can reduce collateral generation so as to reduce trimming
Workload.
Drip irrigation fertilizer can be applied and can be widely applied and need to have three features：First, must be the fertilizer of full water-soluble
Material, is dissolved in after water without precipitation；Second, the compatibility of fertilizer will arrange in pairs or groups use will not interact generation sediment it is (micro in including
The generation precipitation that be combined with each other between element and a great number of elements)；Third, price is suitable, using convenient.Can be big by nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium etc.
The secondary element middle trace element and biostimulation class material (amino acids etc.) sensitive with grape are combined, and peasant household only needs handle
Directly applied after fertilizer simply dissolving containing various scientific matchings.The various Water soluble fertilizers of existing market are chaotic, are not adapted to
The full nutrient combo drip irrigation product of rural demand.A kind of price of peasant household's urgent need is appropriate, nutrient formula is reasonable, the time of infertility can drip
Fill, meet the good set meal type product of each vegetative phase nutrient demand of grape, quick-acting.
The content of the invention
The defects of it is an object of the invention to overcome in the prior art, and one kind is provided and fully meets that grape growth develops institute
The nutrient needed, while and can reduces fertilizers input and the grape special fertilizer suitable for water-fertilizer integral wasted, can realize section
Learn fertilising and improve a kind of Special grape base fertilizer and top dressing suitable for southwest water-fertilizer integral of vintage and quality.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：
A kind of Special grape base fertilizer suitable for southwest water-fertilizer integral, total nitrogen content is calculated as with N in the base manure
17%, available phosphorus content is with P2O517% is calculated as, effective potassium content is with K2O is calculated as 17%, and micro- synergy bag effective content is
1%；Described micro- synergy bag includes chelating boron and chelated zinc, and the weight ratio for chelating boron and chelated zinc is 1: 1；Described
Nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium nitrate phosphorus and an industrial ammonium, and the weight ratio of one ammonium of ammonium nitrate phosphorus and industry is 3: 1；Described phosphate fertilizer be potassium dihydrogen phosphate and
The weight ratio of an industrial ammonium, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and an industrial ammonium is 1.4: 1；Described potash fertilizer is potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate and chlorination
Potassium, the weight ratio between potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate and potassium chloride are 1: 21: 3.
A kind of special budding period top dressing of grape suitable for southwest water-fertilizer integral, in the top dressing total nitrogen content with
N is calculated as 23%, and available phosphorus content is with P2O55% is calculated as, effective potassium content is with K2O is calculated as 15%, and micro- synergy is surrounded by effect and contained
Measure as 1%；Described micro- synergy bag includes chelating boron and chelated zinc, and the weight ratio for chelating boron and chelated zinc is 1: 1；Institute
The nitrogenous fertilizer stated is ammonium nitrate phosphorus, an industrial ammonium and potassium nitrate, and the weight ratio between ammonium nitrate phosphorus, an industrial ammonium and potassium nitrate is 13.3:
7.5∶1；Described phosphate fertilizer is industrial grade monoammonium phosphate；Described potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate
Weight ratio is 4: 1.
A kind of special swollen fruiting period top dressing of grape suitable for southwest water-fertilizer integral, in the top dressing total nitrogen content with
N is calculated as 15%, and available phosphorus content is with P2O55% is calculated as, effective potassium content is with K2O is calculated as 27%, and micro- synergy is surrounded by effect and contained
Measure as 1%；Described micro- synergy bag includes chelating boron and chelated zinc, and the weight ratio for chelating boron and chelated zinc is 1: 1；Institute
The nitrogenous fertilizer stated is ammonium nitrate phosphorus, industrial grade monoammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate, the weight between ammonium nitrate phosphorus, industrial grade monoammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate
Amount is than being 5.6: 1: 2.4；Described phosphate fertilizer is an industrial ammonium；Described potash fertilizer is potassium nitrate and potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate and sulfuric acid
The weight ratio of potassium is 1.9: 1.
The special budding period top dressing of heretofore described Special grape base fertilizer, grape and the special swollen fruiting period of grape chase after
Fertilizer, it is based on the fertilising of the habit by grape, regulation of fertilizer requirement, edaphic condition and local planting household is accustomed to, by a large amount of
Test the result drawn.Nitrogen is the important component of many important organic compounds in crop body, such as egg is from matter, nucleic acid, Ye Lv
Element, enzyme, vitamin, alkaloid and some hormones etc. all contain nitrogen, these materials to the growing of crop, the history of life it is complete
Into significant.Phosphorus element can promote to prick under root system, absorb deep layer moisture, particularly with storage root, and can improve work
The content of soluble sugar and phosphatide in object, improve the cold tolerance of plant.Potassium in growth and development process, participate in 60 kinds with
The activation of upper enzyme system, photosynthesis, the transport of assimilation products, the process such as the metabolism of carbohydrate and protein synthesis, increase
Disease and insect resistance, resistant to lodging, drought resisting, cold-resistant and the heat resistance of thing are pretended, improves crop yield and quality；The chelating of science simultaneously
Middle micro- ratio and biostimulant it is reasonably combined, to promoting grape fruit ear uniformly to develop, the rapid of fruit expand,
Color uniformity lifting, the raising of sugariness have certain improvement；Each period formula nitrate nitrogen of the present invention, ammonium nitrogen ratio are according to grape
Optimal demand percentage configuration, the quick-acting grapes that are advantageous to of nitrate nitrogen are mushroomed out in swollen fruit.Ammonium nitrogen is long-acting, can be grape growth
There is provided and continue nutrient.It should be noted that using Special grape base fertilizer when needing to apply fertilizer to the subsoil, Portugal is applied when grape is in the budding period
The special budding period top dressing of grape, Special grape base fertilizer is applied when grape, which is in, blooms and bear fruit the phase, is adopted when grape is in swollen fruiting period
With the special swollen fruiting period top dressing of grape, autumn is using Special grape base fertilizer as base fertilizer；Second Year grape is applied when being in the budding period
The special budding period top dressing of grape, weekly drip irrigation 10kg/ mus；Grape, which is in bloom, applies Special grape base fertilizer when bearing fruit the phase, weekly
Drip irrigation 5-10kg/ mus；Using the special swollen fruiting period top dressing of grape when grape is in swollen fruiting period, drip irrigation 10kg/ mus weekly.
The present invention is to be accustomed to the fertilising of the habit of grape, regulation of fertilizer requirement, edaphic condition and local planting household as base
Plinth, fully meet the nutrient needed for grape growth development, while and can reduces fertilizers input and is applied to liquid manure one with what is wasted
The grape special fertilizer of change, the advantages of applying fertilizers scientifically and improve vintage and quality can be realized.
Embodiment
The present invention is a kind of Special grape base fertilizer and top dressing suitable for southwest water-fertilizer integral, specific a kind of suitable
For the Special grape base fertilizer of southwest water-fertilizer integral, total nitrogen content is calculated as 17% with N in the base manure, available phosphorus content with
P2O517% is calculated as, effective potassium content is with K2O is calculated as 17%, and micro- synergy bag effective content is 1%；Described micro member
Plain synergy bag includes chelating boron and chelated zinc, and the weight ratio for chelating boron and chelated zinc is 1: 1；Described nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium nitrate phosphorus and work
The weight ratio of the ammonium of industry one, ammonium nitrate phosphorus and an industrial ammonium is 3: 1；Described phosphate fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate and an industrial ammonium, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
The weight ratio of hydrogen potassium and an industrial ammonium is 1.4: 1；Described potash fertilizer is potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate and potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate
Weight ratio between potassium chloride is 1: 21: 3.
Present invention also offers a kind of special budding period top dressing of grape suitable for southwest water-fertilizer integral, the base
Total nitrogen content is calculated as 23% with N in fertilizer, and available phosphorus content is with P2O55% is calculated as, effective potassium content is with K2O is calculated as 15%, micro member
Plain synergy bag effective content is 1%；Described micro- synergy bag includes chelating boron and chelated zinc, chelates boron and chelated zinc
Weight ratio is 1: 1；Described nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium nitrate phosphorus, an industrial ammonium and potassium nitrate, between ammonium nitrate phosphorus, an industrial ammonium and potassium nitrate
Weight ratio is 13.3: 7.5: 1；Described phosphate fertilizer is industrial grade monoammonium phosphate；Described potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate, sulfuric acid
The weight of potassium and potassium nitrate ratio is 4: 1.
Present invention also offers a kind of special swollen fruiting period top dressing of grape suitable for southwest water-fertilizer integral, the base
Total nitrogen content is calculated as 15% with N in fertilizer, and available phosphorus content is with P2O55% is calculated as, effective potassium content is with K2O is calculated as 27%, micro member
Plain synergy bag effective content is 1%；Described micro- synergy bag includes chelating boron and chelated zinc, chelates boron and chelated zinc
Weight ratio is 1: 1；Described nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium nitrate phosphorus, industrial grade monoammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, industrial grade monoammonium phosphate and
Weight ratio between potassium nitrate is 5.6: 1: 2.4；Described phosphate fertilizer is an industrial ammonium；Described potash fertilizer is potassium nitrate and sulfuric acid
The weight ratio of potassium, potassium nitrate and potassium sulfate is 1.9: 1.
Below in conjunction with embodiments of the invention, the technical scheme in embodiments of the invention is carried out clearly and completely
Description, it is clear that described embodiment is only the part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on this
Embodiment in invention, one of ordinary skilled in the art are obtained all on the premise of creative work is not made
Other embodiments, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment one
A kind of Special grape base fertilizer suitable for southwest water-fertilizer integral, total nitrogen content is calculated as with N in the base manure
17%, available phosphorus content is with P2O517% is calculated as, effective potassium content is with K2O is calculated as 17%, and micro- synergy bag effective content is
1%；Described micro- synergy bag includes chelating boron and chelated zinc, and the weight ratio for chelating boron and chelated zinc is 1: 1；Described
Nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium nitrate phosphorus and an industrial ammonium, and the weight ratio of one ammonium of ammonium nitrate phosphorus and industry is 3: 1；Described phosphate fertilizer be potassium dihydrogen phosphate and
The weight ratio of an industrial ammonium, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and an industrial ammonium is 1.4: 1；Described potash fertilizer is potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate and chlorination
Potassium, the weight ratio between potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate and potassium chloride are 1: 21: 3.
Embodiment two
A kind of special budding period top dressing of grape suitable for southwest water-fertilizer integral, in the base manure total nitrogen content with
N is calculated as 23%, and available phosphorus content is with P2O55% is calculated as, effective potassium content is with K2O is calculated as 15%, and micro- synergy is surrounded by effect and contained
Measure as 1%；Described micro- synergy bag includes chelating boron and chelated zinc, and the weight ratio for chelating boron and chelated zinc is 1: 1；Institute
The nitrogenous fertilizer stated is ammonium nitrate phosphorus, an industrial ammonium and potassium nitrate, and the weight ratio between ammonium nitrate phosphorus, an industrial ammonium and potassium nitrate is 13.3:
7.5∶1；Described phosphate fertilizer is industrial grade monoammonium phosphate；Described potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate
Weight ratio is 4: 1.
Embodiment three
A kind of special swollen fruiting period top dressing of grape suitable for southwest water-fertilizer integral, in the base manure total nitrogen content with
N is calculated as 15%, and available phosphorus content is with P2O55% is calculated as, effective potassium content is with K2O is calculated as 27%, and micro- synergy is surrounded by effect and contained
Measure as 1%；Described micro- synergy bag includes chelating boron and chelated zinc, and the weight ratio for chelating boron and chelated zinc is 1: 1；Institute
The nitrogenous fertilizer stated is ammonium nitrate phosphorus, industrial grade monoammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate, the weight between ammonium nitrate phosphorus, industrial grade monoammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate
Amount is than being 5.6: 1: 2.4；Described phosphate fertilizer is an industrial ammonium；Described potash fertilizer is potassium nitrate and potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate and sulfuric acid
The weight ratio of potassium is 1.9: 1.
Experimental example
Tested in Dali City, yunnan Province Binchuan County grape Demonstration Garden within 2015,10 mu of vineyaries are divided into two 5 mu
Vineyard carry out fertilizing management respectively, 5 mu of vineyard of above-mentioned two is divided into control group and of the present invention group；Control group April
The last ten-days period apply 40-50kg/ mus urine sulfenyl acid balance containing humic composite fertilizer (15-15-15), are answered using high potassium type nitre sulfenyl June
Hefei 80kg/ mus (16-6-22), secondary swollen fruit apply the high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer (18-7-25) of 5kg/ mus；Of the present invention group in 2015
Autumn is applied of the invention real for 2016 using the Special grape base fertilizer of the embodiment of the present invention one as base fertilizer when grape is in the budding period
The special budding period top dressing of grape in example two is applied, weekly drip irrigation 10kg/ mus；Grape in 2016, which is in bloom, applies this when bearing fruit the phase
Special grape base fertilizer in inventive embodiments one, weekly drip irrigation 8kg/ mus；Using the present invention when grape in 2016 is in swollen fruiting period
The special swollen fruiting period top dressing of the grape of embodiment three, weekly drip irrigation 10kg/ mus；Result of the test shows that the swollen fruiting period present invention organizes strain
Height, spike length, grain number per spike, the number of blade growth rate compared with control group are respectively 3.01%, 9.80%, 11.24% and 1.34%.This
Invention group yield, Single seed weight growth rate compared with control group are respectively 14.76% and 11.53%.Present invention group is with compareing simultaneously
Group on grape quality compared to there is certain lifting, and sugariness, Soluble adhesion molecule growth rate are respectively 8.48% compared with the control
With 17.9%.
Table 1 compares for present invention group with the swollen fruiting period of control group (Yunan border areas grape) plant height, spike length, grain number per spike and number of blade
Table：
Table 2 is present invention group and the swollen fruiting period of control group (Yunan border areas grape) yield and the Single seed weight table of comparisons：
| Processing | Yield (Kg/ mus) | Growth rate (%) | Single seed weight | Growth rate (%) |
| Control group | 2259.1a | —— | 10.4a | —— |
| Of the present invention group | 2592.6a | 14.76 | 11.6a | 11.53 |
Table 3 is present invention group and control group sugariness, the degree of staining table of comparisons：
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. Special grape base fertilizer suitable for southwest water-fertilizer integral, it is characterised in that：Total nitrogen content in the base manure 17% is calculated as with N, available phosphorus content is with P2O517% is calculated as, effective potassium content is with K2O is calculated as 17%, and micro- synergy is surrounded by It is 1% to imitate content；Described micro- synergy bag includes chelating boron and chelated zinc, and the weight ratio for chelating boron and chelated zinc is 1: 1；Described nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium nitrate phosphorus and an industrial ammonium, and the weight ratio of one ammonium of ammonium nitrate phosphorus and industry is 3: 1；Described phosphate fertilizer is phosphoric acid The weight ratio of potassium dihydrogen and an industrial ammonium, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and an industrial ammonium is 1.4: 1；Described potash fertilizer is potassium nitrate, sulfuric acid Potassium and potassium chloride, the weight ratio between potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate and potassium chloride are 1: 21: 3.
- A kind of 2. special budding period top dressing of grape suitable for southwest water-fertilizer integral, it is characterised in that：In the top dressing Total nitrogen content is calculated as 23% with N, and available phosphorus content is with P2O55% is calculated as, effective potassium content is with K2O is calculated as 15%, and trace element increases It is 1% to imitate bag effective content；Described micro- synergy bag includes chelating boron and chelated zinc, chelates the weight of boron and chelated zinc Than for 1: 1；Described nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium nitrate phosphorus, an industrial ammonium and potassium nitrate, the weight between ammonium nitrate phosphorus, an industrial ammonium and potassium nitrate Than for 13.3: 7.5: 1；Described phosphate fertilizer is industrial grade monoammonium phosphate；Described potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate and The weight ratio of potassium nitrate is 4: 1.
- A kind of 3. special swollen fruiting period top dressing of grape suitable for southwest water-fertilizer integral, it is characterised in that：In the top dressing Total nitrogen content is calculated as 15% with N, and available phosphorus content is with P2O55% is calculated as, effective potassium content is with K2O is calculated as 27%, and trace element increases It is 1% to imitate bag effective content；Described micro- synergy bag includes chelating boron and chelated zinc, chelates the weight of boron and chelated zinc Than for 1: 1；Described nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium nitrate phosphorus, industrial grade monoammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, industrial grade monoammonium phosphate and nitric acid Weight ratio between potassium is 5.6: 1: 2.4；Described phosphate fertilizer is an industrial ammonium；Described potash fertilizer is potassium nitrate and potassium sulfate, nitre The weight ratio of sour potassium and potassium sulfate is 1.9: 1.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108238833A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-07-03 | 河南心连心化肥有限公司 | It is a kind of to be suitable for the special fertilizer that bosom glutinous rehmannia strengthens seedling and root tuber is expanded |
| CN111440018A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-07-24 | 湖南农业大学 | Grape formula package fertilizer and fertilizing method thereof |
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