CN107548837B - A kind of method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock - Google Patents
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock Download PDFInfo
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- CN107548837B CN107548837B CN201710775121.7A CN201710775121A CN107548837B CN 107548837 B CN107548837 B CN 107548837B CN 201710775121 A CN201710775121 A CN 201710775121A CN 107548837 B CN107548837 B CN 107548837B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock, belong to field of agricultural cultivation, including selecting the soil for being suitble to the growth of red heart honey shaddock to carry out site preparation, it is added from planting pit by 40-45 parts of treat banana stalk, 20-25 parts of peanut shell, 10-15 parts of pond sludge, 8-10 parts of vinasse slag, 10-15 parts of bacterium bag powder, 10-15 parts of night soil, 35-40 parts of sheep dung, 0.05-0.08 parts of composite bacteria agent, bio-fertilizer made of 12-15 parts of plant extraction liquid fermentations, by length to the stock transplantation of seedlings that height is 20-25cm into planting pit, the red heart honey shaddock scion for finally choosing no disease and pests harm is grafted.The present invention provides a kind of method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock, it is tree-like that this method can be such that seedling is formed ahead of time, and can improve stock survival rate, disease-resistant performance, the survival rate of red heart honey shaddock plant can be made to improve, pest and disease damage can also be prevented, production cost is saved, is suitable for large scale systemization and plants.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock.
[background technique]
The pulp of red heart honey shaddock is in rose, has the big thin skin of fruit, flesh meat without seed, how soft lovely luster, juice is, fresh and sweet
Slightly sour advantage, natural pigment contained therein have certain health-care effect to human body, and pulp contains microelement, flavonoids
Coloring matter largely has the function of vitamin p, and beta carotene and lycopene in carotenoid, there are also anti-oxidant
Effect helps to remove the intracorporal free radical of people.Vitamin A rich in red heart honey shaddock, often edible red heart honey shaddock can
Make the risk for suffering from liver diseases, artery sclerosis and disease related with diabetes reduction, in these areas the advantages of make red heart
The market demand of sweet shaddock increasingly doubles, and therefore, red heart honey shaddock plantation industry has a vast market foreground at home and economic effect
Benefit.
In conclusion the popularizing planting economic value with higher and social effect of red heart honey shaddock.Currently, therefore, it is existing
Stage plant red heart honey shaddock there are the problem of further include: method for culturing seedlings is improper or engrafting method is unreasonable, and plant is caused to survive
Rate is low, leads to that planting soil is hardened, harmful bacterial content is high using fertilizer is unreasonable in seedling raising process, is not suitable for plant strain growth；
It is unbalanced to apply Fertilizer nutrient, it is urgently to be resolved to lead to that red heart honey shaddock slow growth, fruit be small, pest and disease damage takes place frequently.
[summary of the invention]
Goal of the invention of the invention is: in view of the above problems, a kind of method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock is provided, it should
It is tree-like that method can be such that seedling is formed ahead of time, and can improve stock survival rate, disease-resistant performance, can make red heart honey shaddock plant at
Motility rate improves, moreover it is possible to prevent pest and disease damage, save production cost, be suitable for large scale systemization and plant.
To achieve the goals above, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock, comprising the following steps:
(1) warm canopy is built in planting site, digs length and width, the deep respectively planting pit of 0.9-1.1m in planting site, is then planting
The bio-fertilizer of 150-180kg is inserted at plant hole bottom, is backfilled and is earthed up to 20-24cm above ground level；
Wherein, the bio-fertilizer is formed by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight: 40-45 parts of treat banana stalk, peanut shell 20-25
Part, 10-15 parts of pond sludge, 8-10 parts of vinasse slag, 10-15 parts of bacterium bag powder, 10-15 parts of night soil, 35-40 parts of sheep dung, composite bacteria agent
0.05-0.08 parts, 12-15 parts of plant extraction liquid；The composite bacteria agent is by azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium, butyric acid shuttle
Bacterium and saccharomycete are mixed according to the mass ratio of 5-7:4-6:2-4:1；
The production method of the plant extraction liquid is: collecting 1-1.2 portions of wintergreens, 5-7 parts of aloes, 3-4 according to parts by weight
Part viola mandshurica, 1-2 portions of setose thistles；Will above-mentioned raw materials remove impurity after clean up, dry, then by wintergreen, aloe, pale reddish brown
Fourth, setose thistle are put into the water of 8-10 times of its quality after being cut into 1-2cm segment, 25-30min are impregnated under Ultrasonic Conditions, then use
After being cooked by slow fire 25-30min, after filtering, filter residue is repeated to boil 2 times, merging gained filtrate is the plant extraction liquid；
(2) choosing wild shaddock seed is seed, and seed is put in the water that temperature is 50-52 DEG C and impregnates 8-10min, then at temperature
Degree is put in 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate after taking-up to impregnate 50-55min in 55-56 DEG C of water and impregnates 7-9min, take out
It rinsed, dried with clear water afterwards, gained seed is sowed into seedbed, thickness of sowing is 1500-1800/m2, then sprinkle again
One layer of Nutrition Soil, last mulching straw cultivate rootstock seedling；
(3) rootstock seedling is taken out when step (2) the rootstock seedling length is 20-25cm to height, plantation is arrived described in step (1)
Planting pit in, carry out Routine Management；
(4) the red heart honey shaddock scion of no disease and pests harm is chosen, the branch by stock apart from ground 8-10cm or more is cut, obtained
One smooth cross section notch, in cross section, the longitudinal sectional 1-1.5cm in place of notch xylem, forms an opening；Use blade
The place the 5-7cm truncation below scion shoot tip meristem, and truncation incision is whittled into the wedge-shaped head of 1-1.5cm long, and by institute
It states wedge-shaped head to be inserted into above-mentioned opening, the forming layer of the forming layer alignment stock of scion wedge-shaped head when insertion, and uses black
Plastic film packs tightly.
Further, in step (1), the bio-fertilizer is formed by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight: treat banana stalk 44
Part, 21 parts of peanut shell, 11 parts of pond sludge, 9 parts of vinasse slag, 12 parts of bacterium bag powder, 14 parts of night soil, 39 parts of sheep dung, composite bacteria agent 0.06
Part, 13 parts of plant extraction liquid.
Further, in step (1), the production method of the bio-fertilizer is: by treat banana stalk be cut into the segment of 3-5cm with
Peanut shell, pond sludge, vinasse slag, bacterium bag powder, night soil, sheep dung are put into collection fermentation vat, and plant extraction liquid is added and ferments,
The composite bacteria agent for being transferred to microbial pretreatment pond after 18-20h and being added after activation is transferred to ferment biomass pool progress after the completion of processing
Fermentation, fermentation temperature be 27-29 DEG C, ferment 46-48h after, by tunning filtering, squeeze until moisture content be 45-48%,
It after staticly settling 30-32h, obtains just making fertilizer after filtering, squeezing, first fertilizer processed is put into sterilizing chamber and is gone out with ultraviolet lamp
Bacterium to get arrive the bio-fertilizer.
Further, in step (1), the composite bacteria agent is by azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium, clostridium butyricum
It is mixed with saccharomycete according to the mass ratio of 6:5:3:1.
Further, in step (2), the Nutrition Soil is by 50-55 parts of laterite, 10-15 parts of bio-fertilizers, 5-8 parts of treasure
Zhu Yan, 1-3 parts of coco brans, 0.6-0.8 parts of plant ash, 0.3-0.5 parts of bone meal, 0.6-0.8 parts of sawdusts are mixed.
Further, the Nutrition Soil is by 54 parts of laterite, 11 parts of bio-fertilizers, 6 parts of perlites, 2 parts of coco brans, 0.7 part of grass
Wood ash, 0.4 part of bone meal, 0.7 part of sawdust are mixed.
The present invention provides a kind of method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock to have the advantages that compared with prior art
The present invention chooses the seed that wild shaddock seed is rootstock seedling, and rootstock seedling can be enhanced by cultivate by the method for the present invention
Resistance, resulting rootstock seedling has many advantages, such as that robust growth, well developed root system, vitality are strong, strong to environmental suitability, in anvil
In the seedling raising process of wood, the nutrition being mixed by laterite, bio-fertilizer, perlite, coco bran, plant ash, bone meal, sawdust has been used
Soil, wherein the bio-fertilizer be by treat banana stalk, peanut shell, pond sludge, vinasse slag, bacterium bag powder, night soil, sheep dung, composite bacteria agent,
Plant extraction liquid is fermented to be made；Again will it is long to the stock transplantation of seedlings that height is 20-25cm into planting pit, wherein planting pit
Bottom is embedded to a certain amount of bio-fertilizer；The red heart honey shaddock scion for choosing no disease and pests harm after field planting is grafted to rootstock seedling, is carried out normal
Regulate reason.
Bio-fertilizer of the invention is the fertilizer processed that fermented using multiple kinds of crops waste, not only can be raw for red heart honey shaddock plant
It is long that sufficiently comprehensive nutrient is provided, while the micelle structure and pH value character of soil can be improved, inhibit harmful bacteria in soil
Breeding, and then increase soil fertility, may also function as the effect of certain disinfection and deinsectization, in addition, the present invention rationally utilizes agricultural
Waste is turned waste into wealth, and realizes rationally recycling for resource, avoids the waste of resource, and reduce production cost.The present invention adopts
It is combined with the beneficial bacterium in plant extraction liquid and composite bacteria agent, multiple kinds of crops waste material is handled, effectively reduce hair
The peculiar smell generated during ferment, in manufacturing process of the invention using vegetable active rich in plant extraction liquid effectively at
Point, neutralization, condensation reaction can occur with amine molecule, inhibition can inhibit varied bacteria growing breeding；Addition composite bacteria agent further mentions
The content of nitrogen and microelement in high organic fertilizer, is finally also sterilized by ultraviolet lamp, and bacterium can be effectively inhibited, and is prevented
Only organic fertilizer is denaturalized, and effectively increases the stability of the content of organic matter in organic fertilizer.Each technological means of the present invention
It all cooperates, mutually promote, and camp step by step, is all linked with one another, generated total technical effect is significantly larger than single
The simple adduction of technological means caused by a technological means.
In short, it is tree-like that this method can be such that seedling is formed ahead of time the present invention provides a kind of method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock,
And stock survival rate, disease-resistant performance can be improved, growing way is good after red heart honey shaddock seed is planted, and morbidity is few, and yield is high, economic benefit
It is high, moreover it is possible to prevent pest and disease damage, save production cost, be suitable for large scale systemization and plant.
[specific embodiment]
Below by way of specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock, comprising the following steps:
(1) warm canopy is built in planting site, length and width, the deep respectively planting pit of 0.9m is dug in planting site, then in kind of a plant hole
The bio-fertilizer of 150kg is inserted at bottom, is backfilled and is earthed up to 20cm above ground level；
Wherein, the bio-fertilizer is formed by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight: 40 parts of treat banana stalk, 20 parts of peanut shell, the pool
10 parts of mud, 8 parts of vinasse slag, 10 parts of bacterium bag powder, 10 parts of night soil, 35 parts of sheep dung, 0.05 part of composite bacteria agent, plant extraction liquid 12
Part；The production method of the bio-fertilizer is: treat banana stalk is cut into the segment and peanut shell, pond sludge, vinasse slag, bacterium bag powder, people of 3cm
Fecaluria, sheep dung are put into collection fermentation vat, and plant extraction liquid is added and ferments, and microbial pretreatment Chi Bingjia is transferred to after 18h
Composite bacteria agent after entering activation is transferred to ferment biomass pool after the completion of processing and ferments, and fermentation temperature is 27 DEG C, after the 46h that ferments,
By tunning filtering, squeeze until moisture content be 45%, after staticly settling 30h, obtained after filtering, squeezing just make
First fertilizer processed is put into sterilizing chamber and is sterilized with ultraviolet lamp to get to the bio-fertilizer by fertilizer；
The composite bacteria agent is by azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium, clostridium butyricum and saccharomycete according to 5:4:2:1
Mass ratio is mixed；
The production method of the plant extraction liquid is: according to parts by weight collect 1 portion of wintergreen, 5 portions of aloes, 3 parts pale reddish brownly
Fourth, 1 portion of setose thistle；It cleans up, dry after above-mentioned raw materials are removed impurity, then wintergreen, aloe, viola mandshurica, setose thistle are cut
At being put into the water of 8 times of its quality after 1-2cm segment, 25min is impregnated under Ultrasonic Conditions, then after the 25min that simmers in water, mistake
After filter, filter residue is repeated to boil 2 times, merging gained filtrate is the plant extraction liquid；
(2) choosing wild shaddock seed is seed, and seed is put in the water that temperature is 50 DEG C and impregnates 8min, is 55 then at temperature
DEG C water in impregnate 50min, be put in after taking-up in 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate and impregnate 7min, after taking-up with clear water rinse, dry in the air
It is dry, gained seed is sowed into seedbed, thickness of sowing is 1500/m2, one layer of Nutrition Soil is then sprinkled again, finally covers rice
Grass cultivates rootstock seedling；Wherein, the Nutrition Soil is by 50 parts of laterite, 10 parts of bio-fertilizers, 5 parts of perlites, 1 part of coco bran, 0.6 part
Plant ash, 0.3 part of bone meal, 0.6 part of sawdust are mixed；
(3) rootstock seedling is taken out when step (2) the rootstock seedling length is 20cm to height, plantation is arrived described in step (1)
In planting pit, Routine Management is carried out；
(4) the red heart honey shaddock scion of no disease and pests harm is chosen, the branch by stock apart from ground 8cm or more is cut, and obtains one
A smooth cross section notch, in cross section, the longitudinal sectional 1cm in place of notch xylem, forms an opening；With blade in scion
It is truncated at 5cm below shoot tip meristem, and truncation incision is whittled into the wedge-shaped head of 1cm long, and the wedge-shaped head is inserted
Enter in above-mentioned opening, the forming layer of the forming layer alignment stock of scion wedge-shaped head when insertion, and is packed tightly with black plastic film.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock, comprising the following steps:
(1) warm canopy is built in planting site, length and width, the deep respectively planting pit of 1.1m is dug in planting site, then in kind of a plant hole
The bio-fertilizer of 180kg is inserted at bottom, is backfilled and is earthed up to 24cm above ground level；
Wherein, the bio-fertilizer is formed by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight: 45 parts of treat banana stalk, 25 parts of peanut shell, the pool
15 parts of mud, 10 parts of vinasse slag, 15 parts of bacterium bag powder, 15 parts of night soil, 40 parts of sheep dung, 0.08 part of composite bacteria agent, plant extraction liquid 15
Part；The production method of the bio-fertilizer is: treat banana stalk is cut into the segment and peanut shell, pond sludge, vinasse slag, bacterium bag powder, people of 5cm
Fecaluria, sheep dung are put into collection fermentation vat, and plant extraction liquid is added and ferments, and microbial pretreatment Chi Bingjia is transferred to after 20h
Composite bacteria agent after entering activation is transferred to ferment biomass pool after the completion of processing and ferments, and fermentation temperature is 29 DEG C, after the 48h that ferments,
By tunning filtering, squeeze until moisture content be 48%, after staticly settling 32h, obtained after filtering, squeezing just make
First fertilizer processed is put into sterilizing chamber and is sterilized with ultraviolet lamp to get to the bio-fertilizer by fertilizer；
The composite bacteria agent is by azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium, clostridium butyricum and saccharomycete according to 7:6:4:1
Mass ratio is mixed；
The production method of the plant extraction liquid is: according to parts by weight collect 1.2 portions of wintergreens, 7 portions of aloes, 4 parts it is pale reddish brown
Chinese violet, 2 portions of setose thistles；Will above-mentioned raw materials remove impurity after clean up, dry, then by wintergreen, aloe, viola mandshurica, setose thistle
It is put into the water of 10 times of its quality after being cut into 2cm segment, 30min is impregnated under Ultrasonic Conditions, then after the 30min that simmers in water,
After filtering, filter residue is repeated to boil 2 times, merging gained filtrate is the plant extraction liquid；
(2) choosing wild shaddock seed is seed, and seed is put in the water that temperature is 52 DEG C and impregnates 10min, is then at temperature
55min is impregnated in 56 DEG C of water, is put in 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate after taking-up and is impregnated 9min, rinsed after taking-up with clear water,
It dries, gained seed is sowed into seedbed, thickness of sowing is 1800/m2, one layer of Nutrition Soil is then sprinkled again, is finally covered
Straw cultivates rootstock seedling；Wherein, the Nutrition Soil is by 55 parts of laterite, 15 parts of bio-fertilizers, 8 parts of perlites, 3 parts of coco brans, 0.8
Part plant ash, 0.5 part of bone meal, 0.8 part of sawdust are mixed；
(3) rootstock seedling is taken out when step (2) the rootstock seedling length is 25cm to height, plantation is arrived described in step (1)
In planting pit, Routine Management is carried out；
(4) the red heart honey shaddock scion of no disease and pests harm is chosen, the branch by stock apart from ground 10cm or more is cut, and obtains one
A smooth cross section notch, in cross section, the longitudinal sectional 1.5cm in place of notch xylem, forms an opening；With blade in connecing
The place 7cm truncation below fringe shoot tip meristem, and truncation incision is whittled into the wedge-shaped head of 1.5cm long, and by the sphenocephaly
Portion is inserted into above-mentioned opening, the forming layer of the forming layer alignment stock of scion wedge-shaped head when insertion, and uses black plastic film
It packs tightly.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock, comprising the following steps:
(1) warm canopy is built in planting site, length and width, the deep respectively planting pit of 1m is dug in planting site, then at kind of a plant hole bottom
The bio-fertilizer for inserting 160kg, backfills and earths up to 22cm above ground level；
Wherein, the bio-fertilizer is formed by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight: 44 parts of treat banana stalk, 21 parts of peanut shell, the pool
11 parts of mud, 9 parts of vinasse slag, 12 parts of bacterium bag powder, 14 parts of night soil, 39 parts of sheep dung, 0.06 part of composite bacteria agent, plant extraction liquid 13
Part；The production method of the bio-fertilizer is: treat banana stalk is cut into the segment and peanut shell, pond sludge, vinasse slag, bacterium bag powder, people of 4cm
Fecaluria, sheep dung are put into collection fermentation vat, and plant extraction liquid is added and ferments, and microbial pretreatment Chi Bingjia is transferred to after 19h
Composite bacteria agent after entering activation is transferred to ferment biomass pool after the completion of processing and ferments, and fermentation temperature is 28 DEG C, after the 47h that ferments,
By tunning filtering, squeeze until moisture content be 46%, after staticly settling 31h, obtained after filtering, squeezing just make
First fertilizer processed is put into sterilizing chamber and is sterilized with ultraviolet lamp to get to the bio-fertilizer by fertilizer；
The composite bacteria agent is by azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium, clostridium butyricum and saccharomycete according to 6:5:3:1
Mass ratio is mixed；
The production method of the plant extraction liquid is: collecting 1.1 portions of wintergreens, 6 portions of aloes, 3.5 parts of purples according to parts by weight
Flower Chinese violet, 1.5 portions of setose thistles；Will above-mentioned raw materials remove impurity after clean up, dry, then by wintergreen, aloe, viola mandshurica,
Setose thistle is put into the water of 9 times of its quality after being cut into 1.5cm segment, 29min is impregnated under Ultrasonic Conditions, then simmer in water
After 29min, after filtering, filter residue is repeated to boil 2 times, merging gained filtrate is the plant extraction liquid；
(2) choosing wild shaddock seed is seed, and seed is put in the water that temperature is 51 DEG C and impregnates 9min, is then at temperature
54min is impregnated in 55.5 DEG C of water, is put in 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate after taking-up and is impregnated 8min, rushed after taking-up with clear water
It washes, dry, gained seed is sowed into seedbed, thickness of sowing is 1600/m2, one layer of Nutrition Soil is then sprinkled again, finally
Mulching straw cultivates rootstock seedling；Wherein, the Nutrition Soil be by 54 parts of laterite, 11 parts of bio-fertilizers, 6 parts of perlites, 2 parts of coco brans,
0.7 part of plant ash, 0.4 part of bone meal, 0.7 part of sawdust are mixed；
(3) rootstock seedling is taken out when step (2) the rootstock seedling length is 24cm to height, plantation is arrived described in step (1)
In planting pit, Routine Management is carried out；
(4) the red heart honey shaddock scion of no disease and pests harm is chosen, the branch by stock apart from ground 9cm or more is cut, and obtains one
A smooth cross section notch, in cross section, the longitudinal sectional 1.2cm in place of notch xylem, forms an opening；With blade in connecing
The place 6cm truncation below fringe shoot tip meristem, and truncation incision is whittled into the wedge-shaped head of 1.2cm long, and by the sphenocephaly
Portion is inserted into above-mentioned opening, the forming layer of the forming layer alignment stock of scion wedge-shaped head when insertion, and uses black plastic film
It packs tightly.
Comparative example 1
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock, comprising the following steps:
(1) warm canopy is built in planting site, length and width, the deep respectively planting pit of 1m is dug in planting site, then at kind of a plant hole bottom
The bio-fertilizer for inserting 160kg, backfills and earths up to 22cm above ground level；
Wherein, the bio-fertilizer is formed by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight: 44 parts of treat banana stalk, 21 parts of peanut shell, the pool
11 parts of mud, 9 parts of vinasse slag, 12 parts of bacterium bag powder, 14 parts of night soil, 39 parts of sheep dung, 13 parts of plant extraction liquid；The system of the bio-fertilizer
It is as method: treat banana stalk is cut into the segment of 4cm and peanut shell, pond sludge, vinasse slag, bacterium bag powder, night soil, sheep dung are put into collection hair
In ferment pond, and plant extraction liquid is added and ferments, after 19h by tunning filtering, squeeze until moisture content be 46%, it is quiet
After setting precipitating 31h, obtain just making fertilizer after filtering, squeezing, by first fertilizer processed be put into sterilizing chamber with ultraviolet lamp sterilize to get
To the bio-fertilizer；
The production method of the plant extraction liquid is: collecting 1.1 portions of wintergreens, 6 portions of aloes, 3.5 parts of purples according to parts by weight
Flower Chinese violet, 1.5 portions of setose thistles；Will above-mentioned raw materials remove impurity after clean up, dry, then by wintergreen, aloe, viola mandshurica,
Setose thistle is put into the water of 9 times of its quality after being cut into 1.5cm segment, 29min is impregnated under Ultrasonic Conditions, then simmer in water
After 29min, after filtering, filter residue is repeated to boil 2 times, merging gained filtrate is the plant extraction liquid；
(2) choosing wild shaddock seed is seed, and seed is put in the water that temperature is 51 DEG C and impregnates 9min, is then at temperature
54min is impregnated in 55.5 DEG C of water, is put in 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate after taking-up and is impregnated 8min, rushed after taking-up with clear water
It washes, dry, gained seed is sowed into seedbed, thickness of sowing is 1600/m2, one layer of Nutrition Soil is then sprinkled again, finally
Mulching straw cultivates rootstock seedling；Wherein, the Nutrition Soil be by 54 parts of laterite, 11 parts of bio-fertilizers, 6 parts of perlites, 2 parts of coco brans,
0.7 part of plant ash, 0.4 part of bone meal, 0.7 part of sawdust are mixed；
(3) rootstock seedling is taken out when step (2) the rootstock seedling length is 24cm to height, plantation is arrived described in step (1)
In planting pit, Routine Management is carried out；
(4) the red heart honey shaddock scion of no disease and pests harm is chosen, the branch by stock apart from ground 9cm or more is cut, and obtains one
A smooth cross section notch, in cross section, the longitudinal sectional 1.2cm in place of notch xylem, forms an opening；With blade in connecing
The place 6cm truncation below fringe shoot tip meristem, and truncation incision is whittled into the wedge-shaped head of 1.2cm long, and by the sphenocephaly
Portion is inserted into above-mentioned opening, the forming layer of the forming layer alignment stock of scion wedge-shaped head when insertion, and uses black plastic film
It packs tightly.
Comparative example 2
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock, comprising the following steps:
(1) warm canopy is built in planting site, length and width, the deep respectively planting pit of 1m is dug in planting site, then at kind of a plant hole bottom
The bio-fertilizer for inserting 160kg, backfills and earths up to 22cm above ground level；
Wherein, the bio-fertilizer is formed by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight: 44 parts of treat banana stalk, 21 parts of peanut shell, the pool
11 parts of mud, 9 parts of vinasse slag, 12 parts of bacterium bag powder, 14 parts of night soil, 39 parts of sheep dung, 0.06 part of composite bacteria agent；The system of the bio-fertilizer
It is as method: treat banana stalk is cut into the segment of 4cm and peanut shell, pond sludge, vinasse slag, bacterium bag powder, night soil, sheep dung are put into collection hair
In ferment pond, the composite bacteria agent for being transferred to microbial pretreatment pond after the 19h that ferments and being added after activation is transferred to fermentation biogas after the completion of processing
Gas pond is fermented, fermentation temperature be 28 DEG C, ferment 47h after, by tunning filtering, squeeze until moisture content be 46%,
It after staticly settling 31h, obtains just making fertilizer after filtering, squeezing, first fertilizer processed is put into sterilizing chamber and is sterilized with ultraviolet lamp, i.e.,
Obtain the bio-fertilizer；
The composite bacteria agent is by azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium, clostridium butyricum and saccharomycete according to 6:5:3:1
Mass ratio is mixed；
(2) choosing wild shaddock seed is seed, and seed is put in the water that temperature is 51 DEG C and impregnates 9min, is then at temperature
54min is impregnated in 55.5 DEG C of water, is put in 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate after taking-up and is impregnated 8min, rushed after taking-up with clear water
It washes, dry, gained seed is sowed into seedbed, thickness of sowing is 1600/m2, one layer of Nutrition Soil is then sprinkled again, finally
Mulching straw cultivates rootstock seedling；Wherein, the Nutrition Soil be by 54 parts of laterite, 11 parts of bio-fertilizers, 6 parts of perlites, 2 parts of coco brans,
0.7 part of plant ash, 0.4 part of bone meal, 0.7 part of sawdust are mixed；
(3) rootstock seedling is taken out when step (2) the rootstock seedling length is 24cm to height, plantation is arrived described in step (1)
In planting pit, Routine Management is carried out；
(4) the red heart honey shaddock scion of no disease and pests harm is chosen, the branch by stock apart from ground 9cm or more is cut, and obtains one
A smooth cross section notch, in cross section, the longitudinal sectional 1.2cm in place of notch xylem, forms an opening；With blade in connecing
The place 6cm truncation below fringe shoot tip meristem, and truncation incision is whittled into the wedge-shaped head of 1.2cm long, and by the sphenocephaly
Portion is inserted into above-mentioned opening, the forming layer of the forming layer alignment stock of scion wedge-shaped head when insertion, and uses black plastic film
It packs tightly.
Comparative example 3
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock, comprising the following steps:
(1) warm canopy is built in planting site, length and width, the deep respectively planting pit of 1m is dug in planting site, then at kind of a plant hole bottom
The bio-fertilizer for inserting 160kg, backfills and earths up to 22cm above ground level；
Wherein, the bio-fertilizer is formed by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight: 44 parts of treat banana stalk, 21 parts of peanut shell, the pool
11 parts of mud, 9 parts of vinasse slag, 12 parts of bacterium bag powder, 14 parts of night soil, 39 parts of sheep dung, 0.06 part of composite bacteria agent, plant extraction liquid 13
Part；The production method of the bio-fertilizer is: treat banana stalk is cut into the segment and peanut shell, pond sludge, vinasse slag, bacterium bag powder, people of 4cm
Fecaluria, sheep dung are put into collection fermentation vat, and plant extraction liquid is added and ferments, and microbial pretreatment Chi Bingjia is transferred to after 19h
Composite bacteria agent after entering activation is transferred to ferment biomass pool after the completion of processing and ferments, and fermentation temperature is 28 DEG C, after the 47h that ferments,
By tunning filtering, squeeze until moisture content be 46%, after staticly settling 31h, obtained after filtering, squeezing just make
First fertilizer processed is put into sterilizing chamber and is sterilized with ultraviolet lamp to get to the bio-fertilizer by fertilizer；
The composite bacteria agent is by azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium, clostridium butyricum and saccharomycete according to 6:5:3:1
Mass ratio is mixed；
The production method of the plant extraction liquid is: collecting 1.1 portions of wintergreens, 6 portions of aloes, 3.5 parts of purples according to parts by weight
Flower Chinese violet, 1.5 portions of setose thistles；Will above-mentioned raw materials remove impurity after clean up, dry, then by wintergreen, aloe, viola mandshurica,
Setose thistle is put into the water of 9 times of its quality after being cut into 1.5cm segment, 29min is impregnated under Ultrasonic Conditions, then simmer in water
After 29min, after filtering, filter residue is repeated to boil 2 times, merging gained filtrate is the plant extraction liquid；
(2) choosing wild shaddock seed is seed, and gained seed is sowed into seedbed, and thickness of sowing is 1600/m2, so
Sprinkle one layer of Nutrition Soil again afterwards, last mulching straw cultivates rootstock seedling；Wherein, the Nutrition Soil is by 54 parts of laterite, 11 parts of lifes
Object fertilizer, 6 parts of perlites, 2 parts of coco brans, 0.7 part of plant ash, 0.4 part of bone meal, 0.7 part of sawdust are mixed；
(3) rootstock seedling is taken out when step (2) the rootstock seedling length is 24cm to height, plantation is arrived described in step (1)
In planting pit, Routine Management is carried out；
(4) the red heart honey shaddock scion of no disease and pests harm is chosen, the branch by stock apart from ground 9cm or more is cut, and obtains one
A smooth cross section notch, in cross section, the longitudinal sectional 1.2cm in place of notch xylem, forms an opening；With blade in connecing
The place 6cm truncation below fringe shoot tip meristem, and truncation incision is whittled into the wedge-shaped head of 1.2cm long, and by the sphenocephaly
Portion is inserted into above-mentioned opening, the forming layer of the forming layer alignment stock of scion wedge-shaped head when insertion, and uses black plastic film
It packs tightly.
Comparative example 4
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock, comprising the following steps:
(1) warm canopy is built in planting site, length and width, the deep respectively planting pit of 1m is dug in planting site, then at kind of a plant hole bottom
The bio-fertilizer for inserting 160kg, backfills and earths up to 22cm above ground level；
Wherein, the bio-fertilizer is formed by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight: 44 parts of treat banana stalk, 21 parts of peanut shell, the pool
11 parts of mud, 9 parts of vinasse slag, 12 parts of bacterium bag powder, 14 parts of night soil, 39 parts of sheep dung, 0.06 part of composite bacteria agent, plant extraction liquid 13
Part；The production method of the bio-fertilizer is: treat banana stalk is cut into the segment and peanut shell, pond sludge, vinasse slag, bacterium bag powder, people of 4cm
Fecaluria, sheep dung are put into collection fermentation vat, and plant extraction liquid is added and ferments, and microbial pretreatment Chi Bingjia is transferred to after 19h
Composite bacteria agent after entering activation is transferred to ferment biomass pool after the completion of processing and ferments, and fermentation temperature is 28 DEG C, after the 47h that ferments,
By tunning filtering, squeeze until moisture content be 46%, after staticly settling 31h, obtained after filtering, squeezing just make
First fertilizer processed is put into sterilizing chamber and is sterilized with ultraviolet lamp to get to the bio-fertilizer by fertilizer；
The composite bacteria agent is by azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium, clostridium butyricum and saccharomycete according to 6:5:3:1
Mass ratio is mixed；
The production method of the plant extraction liquid is: collecting 1.1 portions of wintergreens, 6 portions of aloes, 3.5 parts of purples according to parts by weight
Flower Chinese violet, 1.5 portions of setose thistles；Will above-mentioned raw materials remove impurity after clean up, dry, then by wintergreen, aloe, viola mandshurica,
Setose thistle is put into the water of 9 times of its quality after being cut into 1.5cm segment, 29min is impregnated under Ultrasonic Conditions, then simmer in water
After 29min, after filtering, filter residue is repeated to boil 2 times, merging gained filtrate is the plant extraction liquid；
(2) choosing wild shaddock seed is seed, and seed is put in the water that temperature is 51 DEG C and impregnates 9min, is then at temperature
54min is impregnated in 55.5 DEG C of water, is put in 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate after taking-up and is impregnated 8min, rushed after taking-up with clear water
It washes, dry, gained seed is sowed into seedbed, thickness of sowing is 1600/m2, then mulching straw, cultivates rootstock seedling；
(3) rootstock seedling is taken out when step (2) the rootstock seedling length is 24cm to height, plantation is arrived described in step (1)
In planting pit, Routine Management is carried out；
(4) the red heart honey shaddock scion of no disease and pests harm is chosen, the branch by stock apart from ground 9cm or more is cut, and obtains one
A smooth cross section notch, in cross section, the longitudinal sectional 1.2cm in place of notch xylem, forms an opening；With blade in connecing
The place 6cm truncation below fringe shoot tip meristem, and truncation incision is whittled into the wedge-shaped head of 1.2cm long, and by the sphenocephaly
Portion is inserted into above-mentioned opening, the forming layer of the forming layer alignment stock of scion wedge-shaped head when insertion, and uses black plastic film
It packs tightly.
Experiment case study
The method of the present invention passes through a large amount of field experiments, be respectively adopted the method for culturing seedlings of embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-4 into
Row nursery plants in adjacent planting site, records the seed germination rate and graft survival rate of rootstock seedling, specific data are shown in Table 1；
1 average production situation of table
| Seed germination rate (%) | Graft survival rate (%) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 99.3 | 98.5 |
| Embodiment 2 | 98.6 | 97.3 |
| Embodiment 3 | 98.8 | 96.6 |
| Comparative example 1 | 86.2 | 81.5 |
| Comparative example 2 | 85.0 | 82.5 |
| Comparative example 3 | 72.4 | 76.3 |
| Comparative example 4 | 71.1 | 68.8 |
From the results shown in Table 1, the seed of the rootstock seedling obtained using the method for culturing seedlings of 1-3 of the embodiment of the present invention is sprouted
Hair rate and graft survival rate are superior to other comparative example groups, illustrate to carry out nursery using method for culturing seedlings of the invention, can significantly mention
Rise the seed germination rate and graft survival rate of rootstock seedling.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements, fall within the scope of the claimed invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock, which comprises the following steps:
(1) warm canopy is built in planting site, length and width, the deep respectively planting pit of 0.9-1.1m is dug in planting site, then in kind of a plant hole
The bio-fertilizer of 150-180kg is inserted at bottom, is backfilled and is earthed up to 20-24cm above ground level；
Wherein, the bio-fertilizer is formed by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight: 40-45 parts of treat banana stalk, 20-25 parts of peanut shell,
10-15 parts of pond sludge, 8-10 parts of vinasse slag, 10-15 parts of bacterium bag powder, 10-15 parts of night soil, 35-40 parts of sheep dung, composite bacteria agent
0.05-0.08 parts, 12-15 parts of plant extraction liquid；The composite bacteria agent is by azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium, butyric acid shuttle
Bacterium and saccharomycete are mixed according to the mass ratio of 5-7:4-6:2-4:1；
The production method of the plant extraction liquid is: collecting 1-1.2 portions of wintergreens, 5-7 portions of aloes, 3-4 parts of purples according to parts by weight
Flower Chinese violet, 1-2 portions of setose thistles；Will above-mentioned raw materials remove impurity after clean up, dry, then by wintergreen, aloe, viola mandshurica,
Setose thistle is put into the water of 8-10 times of its quality after being cut into 1-2cm segment, 25-30min is impregnated under Ultrasonic Conditions, then use mild fire
After boiling 25-30min, after filtering, filter residue is repeated to boil 2 times, merging gained filtrate is the plant extraction liquid；
(2) choosing wild shaddock seed is seed, and seed is put in the water that temperature is 50-52 DEG C and impregnates 8-10min, is then at temperature
50-55min is impregnated in 55-56 DEG C of water, is put in 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate after taking-up and impregnates 7-9min, is used after taking-up
Clear water is rinsed, is dried, and gained seed is sowed into seedbed, and thickness of sowing is 1500-1800/m2, one layer is then sprinkled again
Nutrition Soil, last mulching straw cultivate rootstock seedling；
(3) rootstock seedling is taken out when step (2) the rootstock seedling length is 20-25cm to height, plantation is determined to described in step (1)
In plant hole, Routine Management is carried out；
(4) the red heart honey shaddock scion of no disease and pests harm is chosen, the branch by stock apart from ground 8-10cm or more is cut, and obtains one
Smooth cross section notch, in cross section, the longitudinal sectional 1-1.5cm in place of notch xylem, forms an opening；With blade in connecing
The place 5-7cm truncation below fringe shoot tip meristem, and truncation incision is whittled into the wedge-shaped head of 1-1.5cm long, and by the wedge
Forming head portion is inserted into above-mentioned opening, the forming layer of the forming layer alignment stock of scion wedge-shaped head when insertion, and uses black plastic
Film packs tightly.
2. the method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1), the bio-fertilizer is
It is formed by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight: 44 parts of treat banana stalk, 21 parts of peanut shell, 11 parts of pond sludge, 9 parts of vinasse slag, bacterium bag powder 12
Part, 14 parts of night soil, 39 parts of sheep dung, 0.06 part of composite bacteria agent, 13 parts of plant extraction liquid.
3. the method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1), the bio-fertilizer
Production method is: treat banana stalk being cut into the segment of 3-5cm and peanut shell, pond sludge, vinasse slag, bacterium bag powder, night soil, sheep dung are put into
Collect in fermentation vat, and plant extraction liquid is added and ferments, after microbial pretreatment pond is transferred to after 18-20h and activation is added
Composite bacteria agent is transferred to ferment biomass pool after the completion of processing and ferments, and fermentation temperature is 27-29 DEG C, ferments after 46-48h, will send out
The filtering of ferment product is squeezed until moisture content is 45-48%, after staticly settling 30-32h, obtains just making after filtering, squeezing
First fertilizer processed is put into sterilizing chamber and is sterilized with ultraviolet lamp to get to the bio-fertilizer by fertilizer.
4. the method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1), the composite bacteria agent
It is to be mixed by azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium, clostridium butyricum and saccharomycete according to the mass ratio of 6:5:3:1.
5. the method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2), the Nutrition Soil is
By 50-55 parts of laterite, 10-15 parts of bio-fertilizers, 5-8 parts of perlites, 1-3 parts of coco brans, 0.6-0.8 parts of plant ash, 0.3-0.5 parts of bones
Powder, 0.6-0.8 a part sawdust are mixed.
6. the method for culturing seedlings of red heart honey shaddock according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the Nutrition Soil be by 54 parts of laterite,
11 parts of bio-fertilizers, 6 parts of perlites, 2 parts of coco brans, 0.7 part of plant ash, 0.4 part of bone meal, 0.7 part of sawdust are mixed.
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| CN111386877B (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2022-02-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Grafting method of Hongbaoshiqing pomelos |
| CN113826515A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2021-12-24 | 海南福柚生态农业有限公司 | Cultivation method of yellow-meat green pomelos |
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