CN107493918A - A kind of breeding method of watermelon seedling resistant to lodging - Google Patents
A kind of breeding method of watermelon seedling resistant to lodging Download PDFInfo
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- CN107493918A CN107493918A CN201710878252.8A CN201710878252A CN107493918A CN 107493918 A CN107493918 A CN 107493918A CN 201710878252 A CN201710878252 A CN 201710878252A CN 107493918 A CN107493918 A CN 107493918A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
- C05B13/02—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method of watermelon seedling resistant to lodging, specially following steps：（1）Seed detoxification treatment；（2）Strong sprout is handled during presprouting of seeds；（3）Will be to soil surface sterilization treatment before transplanting.By experiment, use the inventive method, substantially reduce the generation of watermelon seedlings lodging phenomenon, the lodging rate of watermelon seedling is reduced to less than 1.5% by the 12.3 of prior art, avoid the use of medicine resistant to lodging, planting cost is reduced, reduces harmful effect of the chemical agent to watermelon seedling, is advantageous to improve the income of planting household.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology field, and in particular to a kind of breeding method of watermelon seedling resistant to lodging.
Background technology
Watermelon, annual liana of overgrowing；To cultivate all over China, kind is a lot of, and exocarp, pulp and seed are various informative,
Its original seed may be from Africa, cultivate extensively for a long time in the world torrid zone to temperate zone, incoming China of beginning when golden, first.Watermelon is summer
Fruit, pulp is sweet, can cool and drive away summer heat；Seed oil-containing, pastime food can be made；Pericarp is medicinal, there is heat-clearing, diuresis, hypotensive
Effect.
Such as it is easy to that lodging phenomenon occurs during watermelon seed propagation, after emergence, at the beginning the water stain shape of seedling children basal part of stem
It is filbert, then attenuate in wire, seedling lodges rapidly when ground, beginning only indivedual seedling morbidities, after as infection center
Extended to surrounding rapidly, cause in flakes seedling, greatly damage planting household interests.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above problems, the invention provides a kind of breeding method of watermelon seedling resistant to lodging.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of breeding method of watermelon seedling resistant to lodging, specially following steps：
（1）Seed detoxification treatment
High-quality watermelon seed is selected, clear water is cleaned, and is subsequently placed in mixer, 100r/min stirring 20-30 minutes, stirring means
Switch to stirring 3 seconds counterclockwise after 3 seconds for stirring clockwise, repeat in this approach, after the completion of stirring, seed is placed in seed soaking
5-6 hours are soaked in liquid, then filter out seed, are heated the 30-40 seconds using microwave, it is stand-by；The seed-soaking liquid, carried by water, plant
Take liquid, urea, calcium magnesium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc gluconate, ammonium molybdate 100-120 in mass ratio:50:2:1:1:0.3:0.1 is mixed
It is made after conjunction；Using method that is suitable, stirring counterclockwise, make phase mutual friction between seed, effectively wear seed sclerderm, convenient follow-up leaching
The active ingredient of seed-soaking liquid described in kind of operating process the method then heated using microwave, makes Interior Seed by neutron absorption
Temperature raises, and effectively removes the germ of Interior Seed, prevents the generation of seed samping off, with the use of the seed-soaking liquid, thoroughly
The surface of the seed and internal germ are killed, while improves seed and sprouts vigor, contributes to robust seedling, reduces the incidence of lodging；
（2）Strong sprout is handled during presprouting of seeds
By the seed handled well using being impregnated with the wet gauze vernalization of nutrient solution, a wet gauze was changed every 24 hours during vernalization,
20-25 DEG C of environment temperature is controlled during vernalization simultaneously, degree of giving shade 40-50%, seed sprouting is treated, is incited somebody to action after the long 3-5cm of seedling, environment temperature
Be reduced to 15-18 DEG C, degree of giving shade 70-80%, relative humidity 40-50%, continue cultivate 2 weeks after can transplant；During vernalization, treat that seedling is grown
After 3-5cm, temperature is reduced, makes the reduction of sprout cell metabolization rate, avoids sprout rapid elongation, while improves degree of giving shade, reduce
Relative humidity, sprout stump is helped lend some impetus to, the generation of lodging phenomenon is further avoid after transplanting, while it is good to give sprout
Stress take exercise, improve transplanting after survival rate；
（3）The sterilizing of 500ppm Bordeaux mixture is sprayed before transplanting to soil surface.
Further, step（1）The plant extraction liquid, its preparation method are specific as follows:According to the mass fraction, toad is taken
Bufonid toad grass 20-25 parts, pseudo-ginseng 3-8 parts, cassia bark 2-4 parts, sweet orange peel 5-8 parts dry after cleaning, and are crushed to 40 mesh, add water 100-150
Part heating and refluxing extraction 60-70 minutes, the dregs of a decoction, decoction are filtered to obtain, is by the mass fraction that the dregs of a decoction add 5 times of its mass fractions
80% ethanol solution obtains alcohol extracting in 75-80 DEG C of heating water bath, 35-44kHz supersonic oscillations extraction 25-30 minutes, separation impurity
Liquid, the ethanol in the alcohol extract is reclaimed, obtains extract solution, merge the decoction and extract solution, added 2 times of dilutions of water, produce described
Plant extraction liquid.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：After seed cleans drying, using method that is suitable, stirring counterclockwise, make between seed mutually
Friction, seed sclerderm is effectively worn, the active ingredient of seed-soaking liquid described in convenient follow-up seed soaking operating process is by neutron absorption, so
The method heated afterwards using microwave, Interior Seed temperature is raised, effectively remove the germ of Interior Seed, prevent seed samping off
Generation, with the use of the seed-soaking liquid, thoroughly kill the surface of the seed and internal germ, while improve seed and sprout vigor,
Contribute to robust seedling, reduce the incidence of lodging；During vernalization, after the long 3-5cm of seedling, temperature is reduced, makes sprout cell metabolization rate
Reduce, avoid sprout rapid elongation, while improve degree of giving shade, reduce relative humidity, help lend some impetus to sprout stump, transplanting is laggard
One step avoids the generation of lodging phenomenon, while gives the good stress of sprout and take exercise, and improves the survival rate after transplanting.By reality
Test, using the inventive method, substantially reduce the generation of watermelon seedlings lodging phenomenon, the lodging rate of watermelon seedling is by prior art
12.3 are reduced to less than 1.5%, avoid the use of medicine resistant to lodging, reduce planting cost, reduce chemical agent to watermelon
The harmful effect of seedling, be advantageous to improve the income of planting household.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of breeding method of watermelon seedling resistant to lodging, specially following steps：
（1）Seed detoxification treatment
High-quality watermelon seed is selected, clear water is cleaned, and is subsequently placed in mixer, and 100r/min is stirred 20 minutes, and stirring means are
Stirring switchs to stirring 3 seconds counterclockwise clockwise after 3 seconds, repeats in this approach, after the completion of stirring, seed is placed in into seed-soaking liquid
Middle immersion 5 hours, then filters out seed, is heated 30 seconds using microwave, stand-by；The seed-soaking liquid, by water, plant extraction liquid, urine
Element, calcium magnesium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc gluconate, ammonium molybdate in mass ratio 100:50:2:1:1:0.3:It is made after 0.1 mixing；
（2）Strong sprout is handled during presprouting of seeds
By the seed handled well using being impregnated with the wet gauze vernalization of nutrient solution, a wet gauze was changed every 24 hours during vernalization,
20-25 DEG C of environment temperature is controlled during vernalization simultaneously, degree of giving shade 40-50%, seed sprouting is treated, is incited somebody to action after the long 3-5cm of seedling, environment temperature
Be reduced to 15-18 DEG C, degree of giving shade 70-80%, relative humidity 40-50%, continue cultivate 2 weeks after can transplant；
（3）The sterilizing of 500ppm Bordeaux mixture is sprayed before transplanting to soil surface.
Further, step（1）The plant extraction liquid, its preparation method are specific as follows:According to the mass fraction, toad is taken
20 parts of bufonid toad grass, 3 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 2 parts of cassia bark, 5 parts of sweet orange peel are dried after cleaning, and are crushed to 40 mesh, are added 100 parts of heating and refluxing extractions of water
60 minutes, filter to obtain the dregs of a decoction, decoction, by the dregs of a decoction add 5 times of its mass fractions mass fraction be 80% ethanol solution in
75-80 DEG C of heating water bath, 35-44kHz supersonic oscillations are extracted 25 minutes, and separation impurity obtains alcohol extract, reclaims the alcohol extract
In ethanol, obtain extract solution, merge the decoction and extract solution, add the dilution of 2 times of water, produce the plant extraction liquid.
Embodiment 2
A kind of breeding method of watermelon seedling resistant to lodging, specially following steps：
（1）Seed detoxification treatment
High-quality watermelon seed is selected, clear water is cleaned, and is subsequently placed in mixer, and 100r/min is stirred 30 minutes, and stirring means are
Stirring switchs to stirring 3 seconds counterclockwise clockwise after 3 seconds, repeats in this approach, after the completion of stirring, seed is placed in into seed-soaking liquid
Middle immersion 6 hours, then filters out seed, is heated 40 seconds using microwave, stand-by；The seed-soaking liquid, by water, plant extraction liquid, urine
Element, calcium magnesium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc gluconate, ammonium molybdate in mass ratio 120:50:2:1:1:0.3:It is made after 0.1 mixing；
（2）Strong sprout is handled during presprouting of seeds
By the seed handled well using being impregnated with the wet gauze vernalization of nutrient solution, a wet gauze was changed every 24 hours during vernalization,
20-25 DEG C of environment temperature is controlled during vernalization simultaneously, degree of giving shade 40-50%, seed sprouting is treated, is incited somebody to action after the long 3-5cm of seedling, environment temperature
Be reduced to 15-18 DEG C, degree of giving shade 70-80%, relative humidity 40-50%, continue cultivate 2 weeks after can transplant；
（3）The sterilizing of 500ppm Bordeaux mixture is sprayed before transplanting to soil surface.
Further, step（1）The plant extraction liquid, its preparation method are specific as follows:According to the mass fraction, toad is taken
25 parts of bufonid toad grass, 8 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 4 parts of cassia bark, 8 parts of sweet orange peel are dried after cleaning, and are crushed to 40 mesh, are added 150 parts of heating and refluxing extractions of water
70 minutes, filter to obtain the dregs of a decoction, decoction, by the dregs of a decoction add 5 times of its mass fractions mass fraction be 80% ethanol solution in
75-80 DEG C of heating water bath, 35-44kHz supersonic oscillations are extracted 30 minutes, and separation impurity obtains alcohol extract, reclaims the alcohol extract
In ethanol, obtain extract solution, merge the decoction and extract solution, add the dilution of 2 times of water, produce the plant extraction liquid.
Embodiment 3
A kind of breeding method of watermelon seedling resistant to lodging, specially following steps：
（1）Seed detoxification treatment
High-quality watermelon seed is selected, clear water is cleaned, and is subsequently placed in mixer, and 100r/min is stirred 25 minutes, and stirring means are
Stirring switchs to stirring 3 seconds counterclockwise clockwise after 3 seconds, repeats in this approach, after the completion of stirring, seed is placed in into seed-soaking liquid
Middle immersion 5.5 hours, then filters out seed, is heated 35 seconds using microwave, stand-by；The seed-soaking liquid, by water, plant extraction liquid,
Urea, calcium magnesium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc gluconate, ammonium molybdate in mass ratio 110:50:2:1:1:0.3:It is made after 0.1 mixing；
（2）Strong sprout is handled during presprouting of seeds
By the seed handled well using being impregnated with the wet gauze vernalization of nutrient solution, a wet gauze was changed every 24 hours during vernalization,
20-25 DEG C of environment temperature is controlled during vernalization simultaneously, degree of giving shade 40-50%, seed sprouting is treated, is incited somebody to action after the long 3-5cm of seedling, environment temperature
Be reduced to 15-18 DEG C, degree of giving shade 70-80%, relative humidity 40-50%, continue cultivate 2 weeks after can transplant；
（3）The sterilizing of 500ppm Bordeaux mixture is sprayed before transplanting to soil surface.
Further, step（1）The plant extraction liquid, its preparation method are specific as follows:According to the mass fraction, toad is taken
23 parts of bufonid toad grass, 5 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 3 parts of cassia bark, 6 parts of sweet orange peel are dried after cleaning, and are crushed to 40 mesh, are added 120 parts of heating and refluxing extractions of water
65 minutes, filter to obtain the dregs of a decoction, decoction, by the dregs of a decoction add 5 times of its mass fractions mass fraction be 80% ethanol solution in
75-80 DEG C of heating water bath, 35-44kHz supersonic oscillations are extracted 28 minutes, and separation impurity obtains alcohol extract, reclaims the alcohol extract
In ethanol, obtain extract solution, merge the decoction and extract solution, add the dilution of 2 times of water, produce the plant extraction liquid.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example 1 compared with Example 1, without step（1）The operation, method and step all same in addition.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example 2 compared with Example 2, without step（2）The operation, method and step all same in addition.
Control group
Existing growth of watermelon method.
It will be sowed in identical plot with kind, with the watermelon seed of batch using above-mentioned 6 kinds of methods, observed after emergence respectively
The lodging rate of watermelon seedling, many experiments, as a result such as table 1：
Table 1
| Lodging rate（%） | |
| Embodiment 1 | 1.4 |
| Embodiment 2 | 1.5 |
| Embodiment 3 | 1.2 |
| Comparative example 1 | 10.6 |
| Comparative example 2 | 8.9 |
| Control group | 12.3 |
As shown in Table 1, using the inventive method, substantially reduce the generation of watermelon seedlings lodging phenomenon, the lodging rate of watermelon seedling by
The 12.3 of prior art are reduced to less than 1.5%, avoid the use of medicine resistant to lodging, reduce planting cost, reduce chemistry
Harmful effect of the medicament to watermelon seedling, be advantageous to improve the income of planting household.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of breeding method of watermelon seedling resistant to lodging, it is characterised in that be specially following steps：
（1）Seed detoxification treatment
High-quality watermelon seed is selected, clear water is cleaned, and is subsequently placed in mixer, 100r/min stirring 20-30 minutes, stirring means
Switch to stirring 3 seconds counterclockwise after 3 seconds for stirring clockwise, repeat in this approach, after the completion of stirring, seed is placed in seed soaking
5-6 hours are soaked in liquid, then filter out seed, are heated the 30-40 seconds using microwave, it is stand-by；The seed-soaking liquid, carried by water, plant
Take liquid, urea, calcium magnesium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc gluconate, ammonium molybdate 100-120 in mass ratio:50:2:1:1:0.3:0.1 is mixed
It is made after conjunction；
（2）Strong sprout is handled during presprouting of seeds
By the seed handled well using being impregnated with the wet gauze vernalization of nutrient solution, a wet gauze was changed every 24 hours during vernalization,
20-25 DEG C of environment temperature is controlled during vernalization simultaneously, degree of giving shade 40-50%, seed sprouting is treated, is incited somebody to action after the long 3-5cm of seedling, environment temperature
Be reduced to 15-18 DEG C, degree of giving shade 70-80%, relative humidity 40-50%, continue cultivate 2 weeks after can transplant；
（3）The sterilizing of 500ppm Bordeaux mixture is sprayed before transplanting to soil surface.
A kind of 2. breeding method of watermelon seedling resistant to lodging according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step（1）The leaching
Kind liquid, by water, plant extraction liquid, urea, calcium magnesium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc gluconate, ammonium molybdate in mass ratio 110:50:2:
1:1:0.3:It is made after 0.1 mixing.
3. the breeding method of a kind of watermelon seedling resistant to lodging according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the plant carries
Take liquid, its preparation method is specific as follows:According to the mass fraction, toad grass 20-25 parts, pseudo-ginseng 3-8 parts, cassia bark 2-4 parts, sweet tea are taken
Orange peel 5-8 parts clean after dry, be crushed to 40 mesh, add water 100-150 part heating and refluxing extraction 60-70 minutes, filter the dregs of a decoction,
Decoction, by the dregs of a decoction add 5 times of its mass fractions mass fraction be 80% ethanol solution in 75-80 DEG C of heating water bath, 35-
44kHz supersonic oscillations are extracted 25-30 minutes, and separation impurity obtains alcohol extract, reclaims the ethanol in the alcohol extract, must extract
Liquid, merge the decoction and extract solution, add 2 times of dilutions of water, produce the plant extraction liquid.
4. the breeding method of a kind of watermelon seedling resistant to lodging according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the plant carries
Take liquid, its preparation method is specific as follows:According to the mass fraction, 23 parts of toad grass, 5 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 3 parts of cassia bark, 6 parts of sweet orange peel are taken
Dried after cleaning, be crushed to 40 mesh, add 120 parts of water heating and refluxing extraction 65 minutes, filter to obtain the dregs of a decoction, decoction, by the dregs of a decoction
The ethanol solution that the mass fraction for adding 5 times of its mass fractions is 80% is in 75-80 DEG C of heating water bath, 35-44kHz supersonic oscillations
Extraction 28 minutes, separation impurity obtain alcohol extract, reclaim the ethanol in the alcohol extract, obtain extract solution, merges the decoction and carry
Liquid is taken, adds 2 times of dilutions of water, produces the plant extraction liquid.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710878252.8A CN107493918A (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2017-09-26 | A kind of breeding method of watermelon seedling resistant to lodging |
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| CN201710878252.8A CN107493918A (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2017-09-26 | A kind of breeding method of watermelon seedling resistant to lodging |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108668559A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-10-19 | 广东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | A method of promote vegetable seeds to sprout and grow |
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| CN108668559A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-10-19 | 广东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | A method of promote vegetable seeds to sprout and grow |
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Application publication date: 20171222 |