CN107409774A - A kind of sponge gourd engrafting method - Google Patents
A kind of sponge gourd engrafting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107409774A CN107409774A CN201710742225.8A CN201710742225A CN107409774A CN 107409774 A CN107409774 A CN 107409774A CN 201710742225 A CN201710742225 A CN 201710742225A CN 107409774 A CN107409774 A CN 107409774A
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- sponge gourd
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to agricultural cultivation technical field, discloses a kind of sponge gourd engrafting method, including Seeds preprocess, sowing, scion and stock pretreatment, grafting sponge gourd, managing after grafting step.Scion and stock pretreatment carry out freezing processing using refrigerating plant to sponge gourd tendril, and pumpkin tendril is fixed using retainer ring.Grafting is carried out to sponge gourd using device for grafting during grafting, improves the efficiency of grafting.The present invention solves prior art per grafting one plant of sponge gourd, is required to handle sponge gourd seedling and pumpkin seedling, the problem of causing the efficiency of grafting low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural cultivation field, and in particular to a kind of sponge gourd engrafting method.
Background technology
Sponge gourd, it is a kind of vegetables, it has refrigerant, diuresis, promoting blood circulation, dysmenorrhoea, removing toxic substances and other effects, therefore referred to as people often eat
Vegetables.Because people like to sponge gourd, the demand increase of sponge gourd so that planting household needs large batch of plantation silk
Melon, but sponge gourd pest and disease damage during high-volume is planted is very more, therefore cause the yield step-down of sponge gourd.People are in order to carry
The yield of high sponge gourd, the mode of grafting is commonly used, improves the disease resistance and resistance of sponge gourd, while strengthen the acid resistance, resistance to of sponge gourd
Salt, cold resistance and drought tolerance, to increase the yield of sponge gourd.
Grafting, refer to, by the branch or bud of a kind of plant, be grafted onto on the stem or root of another plant, make two to be connected together
Individual part grows up to a complete plant；Grafting is a kind of artificial fecundation method of plant.The branch or bud connected, is called and connects
Fringe；The plant connect, it is called stock or platform wood.
Sponge gourd grafting is often using pumpkin as stock, during grafting, manually removes the young leaves of pumpkin seedling central growth；Take again
Toothpick stabs out a hole at the center of pumpkin seedling, and the two-sided beveling of sponge gourd seedling is formed into a taper；Finally, sponge gourd seedling is placed
In the hole at pumpkin seedling center, the grafting of sponge gourd is just completed.
Following technical problem be present in the method for above-mentioned sponge gourd grafting：1st, in sponge gourd grafting, it is necessary to respectively to each plant of silk
Melon seedling and pumpkin seedling are handled, then grafting；After the grafting for completing one plant of sponge gourd, then the grafting of next plant of sponge gourd is carried out, caused
The efficiency of grafting is low；2nd, in grafting sponge gourd, it is necessary to two-sided beveling be carried out to sponge gourd, because the sponge gourd seedling of grafting is tender
Seedling, it is easily caused sponge gourd seedling and is damaged, hence in so that the survival rate of sponge gourd seedling grafting is low.
The content of the invention
The invention is intended to provide a kind of sponge gourd engrafting method, to solve prior art per grafting one plant of sponge gourd, it is required to pair
Sponge gourd seedling and pumpkin seedling are handled, the problem of causing the efficiency of grafting low.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme, a kind of sponge gourd engrafting method, comprises the following steps：
(1) Seeds preprocess：The auxin and concentration for being 250-300mg/L with concentration by sponge gourd seed are 200-230mg/
L basic element of cell division mixed solution soaks 12-15h to sponge gourd seed, then sponge gourd seed cleaned with clear water, and by sponge gourd seed
Immersion 10-15h in clear water is placed on, then sponge gourd seed is taken out and is placed on cotton, and by the In Shade standing 20- of cotton
30min, then wrap up sponge gourd seed, vernalization at a temperature of being placed on 30-32 DEG C with cotton bag；
The Gibberellins solution that Pumpkin Seed is 200-220mg/L with concentration is soaked into 10-13h, recycles clear water cleaning dry
Only, 20-24h and by Pumpkin Seed with clear water is soaked, recycles cotton to blot the moisture of Pumpkin Seed, and by pumpkin cotton bag
Vernalization at a temperature of being placed in 29-31 DEG C after parcel；
(2) sow：Multiple diameter 3-5cm mud ball is set in vegetable greenhouse, and mud ball is by soil and plant ash with 4:1
Volume ratio is mixed；By the neat sponge gourd seed and Pumpkin Seed that is arranged on planting site, will be handled by vernalization of mud ball
Sow respectively in mud ball, a seed is sowed in each mud ball；And lay hay in the top of mud ball；
(3) scion and stock pretreatment：When the tendril of sponge gourd and pumpkin grows it is long to 10-12cm when, sponge gourd is cut with scissors
Next top 3-5cm, and the sponge gourd tendril cut is put into refrigerating plant and carries out freezing processing, refrigerating plant include refrigeration case and
The installs case being arranged at the top of refrigeration case, refrigeration case is interior to be provided with water and calcium nitrate, and installs case includes the installation of multiple proper alignments
Block, the top of mounting blocks are provided with the freezing hole in reverse taper shape, freeze in hole and are marked with nutrient solution；By 2-3cm at the top of pumpkin tendril
Length removal is standby, and is arranged retainer ring on the tendril of pumpkin；
(4) grafting sponge gourd：Grafting is carried out to sponge gourd using device for grafting, device for grafting includes the bottom of discharging block discharging block
Feed well is provided with along longitudinal direction, the top of feed well is transversely provided with blow tank in the block that discharges, and blow tank connects with feed well；Discharging
Groove interior edge, which slides laterally, is connected with discharging ring, and discharging ring is in C fonts；It is provided with compression blocks in blow tank, compression blocks and discharging ring
Be provided with compression spring between side, the opposite side of discharging ring is provided with pull bar, pull bar through discharging block side wall, and with discharging block
Side walls connect；Block storage is slidably connected in feed well, block storage is provided with stock chest, the top of stock chest and block storage
Concordantly, baffle plate is slidably connected in stock chest, back-moving spring is provided between baffle plate and the bottom of stock chest；
The sponge gourd tendril cut is put into stock chest, after sponge gourd tendril is piled in stock chest, block storage is pushed into and fed
In groove, in the presence of back-moving spring reset, the sponge gourd tendril at top is pushed into discharging ring, then pulls pull bar, a period of time
Releasing lever afterwards, in the presence of compression spring reset, discharging ring movement is driven, and discharging ring is hit on sponge gourd tendril
Ice cube so that sponge gourd tendril discharges, and inserts the top of pumpkin tendril, completes grafting；
(5) managing after grafting：After the completion of grafting, sunshade is set up on vegetable greenhouse；5-8 days after grafting, 8 points of every morning
Sunshade is opened, 9 points of morning closes sunshade；9-17 days after grafting, 8 points of every morning opens sunshade, morning 11
Point closes sunshade；After grafting 18 days, sunshade is removed；After grafting 30 days, by sponge gourd transplantation of seedlings to field.
The technique effect of this programme technical characteristic：
Auxin, it is root system that can promote cell longitudinal growth, promote fruit development, evoked callus differentiation and development.
The basic element of cell division, cell division can be promoted, increase cell volume, promote the differentiation of bud, suppress aging.
The too high growth that can suppress plant of auxin concentration, or even plant is killed, by auxin and the basic element of cell division
Rational proportion mixed solution can be caused to promote the growth of plant, and fruiting rate can be lifted, reduce the insect pest of plant.
Gibberellin can promote cell growth, promote seed to sprout, and suppress aging.
By setting mud ball that the sponge gourd after grafting can be facilitated to transplant, and by mixing plant ash, Neng Gouwei in mud ball
Sponge gourd and pumpkin germination, growth provide nutrient, promote sponge gourd and pumpkin growth.The rattan that refrigerating plant can be cut to sponge gourd
Climing carry out freezen protective, the tendril of the shearing sponge gourd of batch can be realized, avoids sponge gourd tendril withered death.Device for grafting is used for real
The grafting of existing sponge gourd, sponge gourd tendril is inserted to the top of pumpkin tendril.
The technical principle of this programme is：
First, sponge gourd seed and Pumpkin Seed are handled, soaked using auxin and basic element of cell division mixed solution
Sponge gourd seed, Pumpkin Seed is soaked using Gibberellins solution, then done the cleaning of sponge gourd seed and Pumpkin Seed surface with clear water
Only, and using clear water soak stratification；Vernalization is carried out to sponge gourd seed and Pumpkin Seed again.
Sponge gourd seed after vernalization and Pumpkin Seed are planted in the mud ball in vegetable greenhouse respectively, and laid on mud ball
Hay water conservation.When sponge gourd seed and Pumpkin Seed germinating growth long to the long 10-12cm of tendril, by the top of sponge gourd tendril with cutting
Knife is cut, and the sponge gourd tendril cut is placed in the freezing hole of mounting blocks, and tendril can swim in battalion in the presence of buoyancy
In nutrient solution；The endothermic reaction is occurred by the water in refrigeration case and calcium nitrate so that Solution cooling freezes；Now sponge gourd tendril
Bottom is connected with the ice cube of reverse taper shape.
The top of pumpkin is removed, and fixed pumpkin tendril using retainer ring.Again by the sponge gourd tendril after freezing processing
Neat is arranged in the stock chest of block storage, is moved down in sponge gourd tendril Action of Gravity Field lower baffle plate, when piling sponge gourd in stock chest
After tendril, block storage is put into feed well.In the presence of back-moving spring reset, baffle plate is promoted to move up, by top
In sponge gourd tendril push-in discharging ring.
The block that discharges is arranged on to the top of pumpkin tendril so that stock chest is relative with the top of pumpkin tendril, then pulls
Pull bar is decontroled in bar, discharging ring movement, compression spring stretching, mobile one end after, in the presence of compression spring reset, discharging
The direction movement of ring compression blocks, while discharging ring hits the ice cube on sponge gourd tendril so that sponge gourd tendril skids off, and with very fast
Speed insertion pumpkin tendril at the top of realize grafting.
After sponge gourd tendril insertion pumpkin tendril, ice cube can gradually melt provides nutrition for sponge gourd growth.Before after the completion of grafting
Blocked using sunshade illumination within 1-4 days, avoid sponge gourd from withering, it is elongated with the time of grafting, sunshade is opened in special time
Canopy so that sponge gourd carries out photosynthesis, promotes growth.Sponge gourd is transplanted to field after 30 days.
Had the technical effect that caused by this programme energy：1st, by the pretreatment to sponge gourd seed and Pumpkin Seed, enable to
Sponge gourd and the time of pumpkin germination and growth shorten, and can make it that the bud ratio of sponge gourd and Pumpkin Seed is high, and the speed of growth is fast；
2nd, freezen protective is carried out to sponge gourd tendril by refrigerating plant, sponge gourd tendril can be cut in batches, and to sponge gourd tendril
Preserved, avoid sponge gourd tendril from being damaged, compared with prior art, saved the time, improve the efficiency of grafting；
3rd, grafting is carried out to sponge gourd by device for grafting, it is not necessary to which sponge gourd tendril carries out two-sided beveling, is avoided that luffa vine
It is climing impaired so that the survival rate of sponge gourd grafting is high.
It is the preferred scheme based on such scheme below：
Preferred scheme one：Based on base case, the retainer ring in the step (3) includes the memory metal sheet in C fonts
With 3 support bars, support bar is uniformly arranged on below memory metal sheet.Memory metal sheet can be wrapped on pumpkin tendril, branch
Strut can be supported to memory metal sheet and pumpkin tendril, avoid pumpkin tendril from collapsing.
Preferred scheme two：Based on preferred scheme one, the nutrient solution in the step (3) includes potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid, sulphur
Sour manganese, calcium superphosphate mixed solution.
Beneficial effect：Potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be used to provide phosphorus, potassium element for sponge gourd growth, have disease and insect resistance, preventing and treating early
The effect of declining.Boric acid can prevent insect pest；Manganese sulfate, can promote the growth of sponge gourd, and increase yield.Calcium superphosphate can be that sponge gourd is given birth to
It is long that P elements are provided.By the mixing of a variety of solution, it can make it that the speed of growth of sponge gourd is fast, yield is high.
Preferred scheme three：Based on preferred scheme two, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate concentration is 0.7-0.9mg/L, boric acid is molten
Liquid concentration is 0.4-0.7mg/L, manganese sulfate solution concentration is 0.6-0.9mg/L, calcium superphosphate solution concentration is 0.4-0.5mg/
L.It is experimentally confirmed, each solution of the concentration is for promoting the best results that sponge gourd grows.
Preferred scheme four：Based on preferred scheme three, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid solution, excessively manganese sulfate solution, phosphorus
The volume ratio of sour calcium solution is 2:1:1:1.It is experimentally confirmed, the nutrient solution of the proportioning is for increasing the effect of sponge gourd yield
Most preferably.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of refrigerating plant；
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 top view；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of retainer ring；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of device for grafting.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation：
Reference in Figure of description includes：Refrigeration case 1, installs case 2, mounting blocks 21, freezing hole 211, retainer ring
3rd, memory metal sheet 31, support bar 32, discharging block 4, feed well 41, blow tank 42, compression blocks 43, discharging ring 44, compression spring
5th, pull bar 6, cross bar 61, montant 62, block storage 7, stock chest 71, baffle plate 72, back-moving spring 73.
As shown in figure 1, refrigerating plant, including refrigeration case 1 and installs case 2, the top of refrigeration case 1 are opened wide, set in refrigeration case 1
There are water and calcium nitrate.Installs case 2 is arranged on the top of refrigeration case 1, as shown in Fig. 2
Installs case 2 is made up of multiple proper alignments of mounting blocks 21, and the top of mounting blocks 21 is provided with the freezing in reverse taper shape
Hole 211, freeze and nutrient solution is marked with hole 211, nutrient solution is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid, manganese sulfate, calcium superphosphate mixed solution.
As shown in figure 3, retainer ring 3 includes being uniformly arranged on note in the memory metal sheet 31 and 3 support bars 32, support bar 32 of C fonts
Recall the lower section of sheet metal 31.
As shown in figure 4, device for grafting, including discharging block 4, the bottom for the block 4 that discharges are provided with feed well 41 along longitudinal direction, discharge block
The top of 4 left side walls is transversely provided with blow tank 42, and blow tank 42 connects with feed well 41.The left side of blow tank 42 it is upper and lower
Two side walls are provided with compression blocks 43；The interior edge of blow tank 42, which slides laterally, is connected with discharging ring 44, and discharging ring 44 is in C fonts, is gone out
Expect to be provided with compression spring 5 between the left side of ring 44 and compression blocks 43；The right side of discharging ring 44 is provided with pull bar 6.
Pull bar 6 is in door shape, and pull bar 6 includes two cross bars 61 and the montant 62 being arranged between two cross bars 61.Two
The left end of cross bar 61 is connected to the upper and lower both sides of discharging ring 44, and the right-hand member of cross bar 61 runs through discharging block 4, positioned at discharging
The right side of block 4, montant 62 are connected to the right-hand member of two cross bars 61, positioned at the right side of discharging block 4.
Block storage 7 is slidably connected in feed well 41, the leading flank of block storage 7 is provided with stock chest 71, the top of stock chest 71
End is concordant with the top of block storage 7, and baffle plate 72 is slidably connected in stock chest 71, is set between baffle plate 72 and the low side of stock chest 71
There is back-moving spring 73.The bottom of block storage 7 is provided with draw ring.
A kind of each parameter of sponge gourd engrafting method embodiment of the present invention enters table 1：
Table 1
Now a kind of sponge gourd engrafting method of the present invention is illustrated by taking embodiment 1 as an example, comprised the following steps：
(1) sponge gourd is put into the basic element of cell division mixed solution that concentration is 280mg/L auxin and concentration is 215mg/L to soak
14h is steeped, the wherein volume ratio of auxin and the basic element of cell division is 1:1, to promote germination, and cause the fruiting rate of sponge gourd
Increase；The sponge gourd seed taking-up after immersion is cleaned with clear water again, and 13h is soaked with clear water；By sponge gourd seed after clear water immersion
Take out, blotted the moisture on surface using cotton, and place and air-dry 25min in the cool, then vernalization at a temperature of being placed in 31 DEG C；
The Gibberellins solution that Pumpkin Seed is 210mg/L with concentration is soaked into 12h, recycles clear water to clean, and using clearly
Water soaks 22h, finally takes out Pumpkin Seed after moisture is blotted, is urged at a temperature of being placed on 30 DEG C after being wrapped up with cotton bag
Bud.
(2) vegetable greenhouse is divided into two pieces of regions, the neat a diameter of 4cm of setting mud ball is distinguished on two pieces of regions,
Mud ball is 4 by volume ratio:1 soil and plant ash is mixed；Respectively by the sponge gourd seed and pumpkin by vernalization processing
Seed is sowed on the mud ball in two pieces of regions, and a seed is sowed in each mud ball；Laid after the completion of sowing above mud ball
Hay carries out water conservation.
(3) when the tendril of sponge gourd and pumpkin grows it is long to 11cm when, 4cm is cut into the top of sponge gourd tendril with scissors, and will
Sponge gourd tendril is placed in the freezing hole of mounting blocks, and one plant of sponge gourd tendril is placed in each hole that freezes, by the water in refrigeration case with
The endothermic reaction occurs for calcium nitrate so that the Solution cooling in freezing hole forms ice cube；Pumpkin tendril is taken out into 2-3cm again, and
Fixation is supported to pumpkin tendril using retainer ring, memory metal sheet is fitted in the top of pumpkin tendril, by remembering gold
Belong to the characteristic of piece, rapidly pumpkin tendril is wrapped up in curling for memory metal sector-meeting, then support bar is inserted in soil, realizes pumpkin
The fixation of tendril.
(4) the sponge gourd tendril for being connected with ice cube is put into the stock chest on block storage so that the neat row of sponge gourd tendril
Row, baffle plate moves down in the presence of sponge gourd tendril gravity, when filled in stock chest luffa vine it is climing after, block storage is pushed into feed well
It is interior, in the presence of back-moving spring reset, promote the sponge gourd tendril at top to enter in discharging ring；Now, discharging block is inverted, made
It is relative with the top of pumpkin tendril to obtain the outlet of blow tank, then pulls pull bar so that discharging ring moves, and unclamps and draws after a period of time
Bar, in the presence of compression spring reset, discharging ring is slided along blow tank, and hits ice cube so that sponge gourd tendril skids off out
Hopper, in faster speed insertion pumpkin tendril, to complete grafting.
(5) sunshade is set up on vegetable greenhouse after the completion of grafting, lucifuge processing is carried out to the sponge gourd after grafting, avoids sponge gourd
It is withered；5-8 days after grafting, 8 points of morning opens sunshade so that sponge gourd tendril carries out photosynthesis, will hide again during morning 9
Yang Peng is closed, and avoids sponge gourd from being withered under strong light；9-17 days after grafting, grafting is preferable with pumpkin tendril for sponge gourd tendril,
8 points of morning opens sunshade so that sponge gourd tendril carries out photosynthesis, again closes sunshade during morning 11；Grafting 18
After it, sponge gourd tendril is connected with pumpkin tendril and combined together completely, and sunshade is removed；After grafting 30 days, by sponge gourd
In transplantation of seedlings to field.
Embodiment 2-6 the difference is that only that parameter is different from embodiment 1.
Experiment：
Comparative example 1-6 parameter is as shown in table 2,
Table 2
Comparative example 1-4 the difference is that only that parameter is different from embodiment 1, and comparative example 5 is different from embodiment 1 only to exist
In unused engrafting method provided by the invention, comparative example 6 is that parameter is different and this is not used from the difference of embodiment 1
The engrafting method provided is provided.
Grafting is now carried out to sponge gourd with the sponge gourd engrafting method that embodiment 1-6 and comparative example 1-6 is provided, it is good to choose kind
Sponge gourd seed and each 1200 of Pumpkin Seed, be equally divided into 12 groups, every group includes 100, sponge gourd seed and Pumpkin Seed 100
Grain, carry out following test.
A：Sponge gourd seed and Pumpkin Seed are planted, record the germination percentage (%) of seed；
B：Sponge gourd seed and Pumpkin Seed are planted, record seed germinating time (my god)；
C：Sponge gourd seed and Pumpkin Seed are planted, record seed growth be 10-12cm tendril when
Between (my god)；
D：Grafting is carried out to sponge gourd, records the time (min) that every group of grafting is completed；
E：Grafting is carried out to sponge gourd, the survival rate (%) of the sponge gourd after grafting is recorded after 30 days.
Experimental result is as shown in table 3,
Table 3
| A | B | C | D | E | |
| Embodiment 1 | 98 | 2 | 7 | 70 | 99 |
| Embodiment 2 | 98 | 2 | 9 | 72 | 98 |
| Embodiment 3 | 97 | 3 | 9 | 70 | 98 |
| Embodiment 4 | 96 | 4 | 8 | 70 | 97 |
| Embodiment 5 | 97 | 3 | 10 | 74 | 98 |
| Embodiment 6 | 97 | 3 | 8 | 70 | 94 |
| Comparative example 1 | 68 | 9 | 20 | 72 | 87 |
| Comparative example 2 | 89 | 4 | 15 | 73 | 79 |
| Comparative example 3 | 82 | 5 | 12 | 70 | 87 |
| Comparative example 4 | 76 | 3 | 10 | 70 | 85 |
| Comparative example 5 | 78 | 6 | 8 | 179 | 71 |
| Comparative example 6 | 79 | 4 | 13 | 175 | 61 |
As can be seen here, the germination percentage height of grafting is carried out to sponge gourd using 1 each parameter of embodiment, germinating time is short, growth is fast
Degree is fast, grafting time is short, the survival rate after grafting is high.
For those skilled in the art, on the premise of technical solution of the present invention is not departed from, if can also make
Dry modification and improvement, these should also be considered as protection scope of the present invention, these all without influence effect that the present invention implemented and
Practical applicability.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of sponge gourd engrafting method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Seeds preprocess：With the auxin and concentration that concentration is 250-300mg/L it is 200-230mg/L's by sponge gourd seed
Basic element of cell division mixed solution soaks 12-15h to sponge gourd seed, and the volume ratio of auxin and basic element of cell division solution is 1:1,
Sponge gourd seed is cleaned with clear water again, and sponge gourd seed is placed in clear water and soaks 10-15h, then sponge gourd seed is taken out and put
Put on cotton, and sponge gourd seed is wrapped up by the In Shade standing 20-30min of cotton, then with cotton bag, be placed on 30-32
Vernalization at a temperature of DEG C；The Gibberellins solution that Pumpkin Seed is 200-220mg/L with concentration is soaked into 10-13h, recycles clear water
Clean up, and Pumpkin Seed is soaked into 20-24h with clear water, recycle cotton to blot the moisture of Pumpkin Seed, and by pumpkin
Vernalization at a temperature of being placed in 29-31 DEG C after being wrapped up with cotton bag；
（2）Sowing：Multiple diameter 3-5cm mud ball is set in vegetable greenhouse, and mud ball is by soil and plant ash with 4:1 volume
Than being mixed；By mud ball being arranged on planting site neatly, the sponge gourd seed by vernalization processing and Pumpkin Seed are distinguished
Sowing sows a seed in mud ball in each mud ball；And lay hay in the top of mud ball；
（3）Scion and stock pretreatment：When the tendril of sponge gourd and pumpkin grows it is long to 10-12cm when, sponge gourd is cut into top with scissors
Portion 3-5cm, and the sponge gourd tendril cut is put into refrigerating plant and carries out freezing processing, refrigerating plant includes refrigeration case and setting
Installs case at the top of refrigeration case, refrigeration case is interior to be provided with water and calcium nitrate, and installs case includes the mounting blocks of multiple proper alignments, peace
The top of block is filled provided with the freezing hole in reverse taper shape, freezes in hole and is marked with nutrient solution；2-3cm length at the top of pumpkin tendril is gone
Except standby, and retainer ring is arranged on the tendril of pumpkin；
（4）Grafting sponge gourd：Grafting is carried out to sponge gourd using device for grafting, device for grafting includes discharging block, the bottom edge for the block that discharges
Longitudinal direction is provided with feed well, and the top of feed well is transversely provided with blow tank in the block that discharges, and blow tank connects with feed well；Blow tank
Interior edge, which slides laterally, is connected with discharging ring, and discharging ring is in C fonts；It is provided with compression blocks in blow tank, the one of compression blocks and discharging ring
Be provided with compression spring between side, the opposite side of discharging ring is provided with pull bar, pull bar through discharging block side wall, and with the side for the block that discharges
Wall is slidably connected；Block storage is slidably connected in feed well, block storage is provided with stock chest, and top and the block storage of stock chest are put down
Together, baffle plate is slidably connected in stock chest, back-moving spring is provided between baffle plate and the bottom of stock chest；
The sponge gourd tendril cut is put into stock chest, after sponge gourd tendril is piled in stock chest, block storage is pushed into feed well,
In the presence of back-moving spring reset, the sponge gourd tendril at top is pushed into discharging ring, then pulls pull bar, is unclamped after a period of time
Pull bar, in the presence of compression spring reset, discharging ring movement is driven, and causes discharging ring to hit the ice cube on sponge gourd tendril,
So that sponge gourd tendril discharges, and the top of pumpkin tendril is inserted, complete grafting；
（5）Managing after grafting：After the completion of grafting, sunshade is set up on vegetable greenhouse；5-8 days after grafting, 8 points of every morning will hide
Yang Peng is opened, and is closed sunshade 9 points of morning；9-17 days after grafting, 8 points of every morning opens sunshade, and 11 points of morning will
Sunshade is closed；After grafting 18 days, sunshade is removed；After grafting 30 days, by sponge gourd transplantation of seedlings to field.
2. sponge gourd engrafting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（3）In retainer ring include be in C
The memory metal sheet of font and 3 support bars, support bar are uniformly arranged on below memory metal sheet.
3. sponge gourd engrafting method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The step（3）In nutrient solution include phosphorus
Acid dihydride potassium, boric acid, manganese sulfate, calcium superphosphate mixed solution.
4. sponge gourd engrafting method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The potassium dihydrogen phosphate concentration is 0.7-
0.9mg/L, boric acid solution concentration are 0.4-0.7mg/L, manganese sulfate solution concentration is 0.6-0.9mg/L, calcium superphosphate solution is dense
Spend for 0.4-0.5mg/L.
5. sponge gourd engrafting method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid solution,
Manganese sulfate solution, the volume ratio of calcium superphosphate solution are 2:1:1:1.
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| CN108353661A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2018-08-03 | 遵义市新科创农业发展有限公司 | A kind of sponge gourd grafting device |
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