CN107371812A - A kind of Hericium erinaceus culture method using Eucalyptus bits as main planting material - Google Patents
A kind of Hericium erinaceus culture method using Eucalyptus bits as main planting material Download PDFInfo
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- CN107371812A CN107371812A CN201710811934.7A CN201710811934A CN107371812A CN 107371812 A CN107371812 A CN 107371812A CN 201710811934 A CN201710811934 A CN 201710811934A CN 107371812 A CN107371812 A CN 107371812A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/64—Cultivation containers; Lids therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Hericium erinaceus culture method using Eucalyptus bits as main planting material, comprise the following steps：(1) pre-wetted treatment；(2) fermentation process；(3) making of bacterium bag；(4) mycelial culture；(5) management of producing mushroom and harvesting：The Plastibell for cultivating good mycelial bacterium bag both ends is opened, in order to make mycelium kink into former base, bacterium bag is put into the greenhouse that temperature is 12~24 DEG C, relative air humidity is 75~90%, flowing wind speed is 0.05~0.1m/s and intensity of illumination is 400~800lx, former base carries out management of producing mushroom 7~10 days after being formed, and finally harvests a diameter of 7~10cm hericium erinaceus fruiting body.The method applied in the present invention can cultivate excellent Hericium erinaceus, and the basis for carrying out cultivation Hericium erinaceus for primary raw material and providing research is considered to be worth doing using Eucalyptus for Guangxi province.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to Hericium erinaceus culture field, more particularly to a kind of Hericium erinaceus culture side using Eucalyptus bits as main planting material
Method.
【Background technology】
Since southern fast-growing, high-yield woods engineering is implemented in Guangxi, Eucalyptus Planting increases year by year, by 2007, eucalyptus plantation
Area, increment, accumulation account for national first place.Eucalyptus plantation processing industry is also produced while Economy in Guangxi development is promoted
Given birth to substantial amounts of processing byproduct Eucalyptus bits, wherein most of stack discard processing by tradition, its exudate often can to soil and
Water body causes seriously to pollute.Eucalyptus considers recycling to be worth doing, can both eliminate its pollution to environment, can also improve Eucalyptus Wood processing
The level of aggregation of industry.With the fast development of edible fungus culturing industry, the demand also corresponding quick increase to culturing raw material, cottonseed
The traditional cultivation raw material output such as shell, linden, weed tree sawdust is limited and the wide sales volume of purposes is big, and price also goes up therewith.Therefore, find new
Type edible fungus culturing raw material has been increasingly becoming the new direction of industry development.Because eucalyptus aromatic-oil content enriches, it is considered as in the past
It is unsuitable for culturing edible fungus, therefore research of the eucalyptus raw material in edible fungus culturing industry is also less.The researchs such as Wu Jilin discovery,
Eucalyptus bits can be used for the edible mushrooms such as mushroom culture, grey mushroom (abalonelike), agrocybe, pleurotus eryngii, and the mouthfeel of institute's culturing edible fungus, outer
Sight, nutritional ingredient etc. with compare cultivation on sawdust and indifference.With eucalyptus wood chip, (scurf, bar bits, skin bar mix Xia Fengna etc.
Bits) it is 4 kinds of edible mushrooms such as matrix, cultivating ganoderma, elegant precious mushroom, pleurotus eryngii and asparagus, the results showed that, ganoderma lucidum, elegant precious mushroom, thorn
Celery pick up the ears can normal growth and fruiting, and then mycelial growth is weak for asparagus, it is impossible to fruiting.Wang Canqin etc. using Eucalyptus bits as major ingredient,
Cultivation formula to elegant precious mushroom is studied, and is found, using Eucalyptus bits as major ingredient, to be equipped with ramulus mori or bagasse, can be significantly reduced
The cost of material of elegant precious mushroom cultivation, increases economic efficiency.Eucalyptus bits culturing edible fungus is still in feasibility study stage at present, right
It need to be goed deep into the strain excellent screening study suitable for eucalyptus cultivation on sawdust.
Hericium erinaceus is a kind of precious medicine phase of an eclipse with bacterium, and rich in nutritional ingredients such as polysaccharide, protein, shape, color, taste are all good,
It is very popular.Yield and commodity property differ greatly between the different strains of Hericium erinaceus, miscellaneous even in traditional cultivation raw material
On wood chip, cotton seed hulls compost, biological character, fruiting body yield between bacterial strain also have significant difference.Cost is cultivated to reduce,
Increase economic efficiency, experiment in cultivation has been carried out to 10 bacterial strains of separate sources, to filter out the monkey for being suitable for eucalyptus cultivation on sawdust
Head mushroom strain excellent.
【The content of the invention】
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Hericium erinaceus culture method using Eucalyptus bits as main planting material, first to Eucalyptus bits and
Cotton seed hulls carries out pre-wetted treatment, improves the effect of impregnation of Eucalyptus bits and cotton seed hulls；Then making, the mycelial training of bacterium bag are carried out
Educate and management of producing mushroom and harvesting.The method applied in the present invention can cultivate excellent Hericium erinaceus, and eucalyptus is utilized for Guangxi province
Wood chip carries out cultivating Hericium erinaceus for primary raw material provides the basis of research.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：A kind of hedgehog hydnum using Eucalyptus bits as main planting material
Mushroom cultivation method, comprise the following steps：
(1) pre-wetted treatment：Count in parts by weight, 55 parts of Eucalyptus bits of precise, 10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of ramulus moris are considered to be worth doing, 5 parts
Cassiri waste residue and 5 parts of peanut shells, dry mixing is uniformly into major ingredient, then with running water damping, make the water content of major ingredient up to 65% with
On, the auxiliary material combined by 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of calcium superphosphate and 0.3 part of fermentation at elevated temperatures agent is then added in major ingredient, by master
Material and auxiliary material are stirred into compound, make the water content of compound up to 65%, and the pH value of compound is adjusted into 8.0 with lime
~9.0, obtain pre- wet feed material；
(2) fermentation process：Raw material of prewetting is piled into the material heap that height is 1m for 1.2~1.5m, width, expect the length of heap according to
Depending on the quantity of windrow, windrow is made a call to an air-vent by interval 80cm with a diameter of 5cm waddy, when material temperature rises to more than 65 DEG C
Turning is carried out, is fermented 7 days, turning 2~4 times during fermentation, about 1 week or so the time obtains pretreated material；
(3) making of bacterium bag：Count in parts by weight, by the pretreated material described in step (2) and 10 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of flowers
After raw bran and 1 part of white sugar stir, obtain planting material, the water content for adjusting planting material is 60~65%, pH value be 7.5~
8.0, after planting material is loaded into polybag, 10~12h of normal-pressure sterilization at 100 DEG C, by sterile working code at two after cooling
Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain is inoculated with, obtains bacterium bag；
(4) mycelial culture：Bacterium bag is placed in culturing room, is 65~70% in 25~28 DEG C, relative air humidity
Under conditions of lucifuge culture Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain 32~35 days, observation bacterial strain measures mycelial growth rate in the growing state of bacterium bag
And mycelial growth potential, significance difference analysis is carried out to the speed of growth of individual bacterial strain using duncan's new multiple range method；
(5) management of producing mushroom and harvesting：The Plastibell for cultivating good mycelial bacterium bag both ends is opened, in order to make mycelia
Body kink into former base, by bacterium bag be put into temperature be 12~24 DEG C, relative air humidity is 75~90%, flowing wind speed be 0.05~
In 0.1m/s and the greenhouse that intensity of illumination is 400~800lx, former base carries out management of producing mushroom 7~10 days after being formed, and finally harvesting is straight
Footpath is 7~10cm hericium erinaceus fruiting body.
In the present invention, as further explanation, used by the running water damping described in step (1) technological means be
Spraying humidification processing is carried out at 50~65 DEG C.
In the present invention, as further explanation, the Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain described in step (3) is successively by denominator kind, original
After kind and the cultigen three-level producing method for seed production of hybrid seeds, it is placed at 25~28 DEG C and trains after preparing, sterilizing and be inoculated with the medium
Support and form.
In the present invention, as further explanation, described culture medium is counted in parts by weight, including following components：55 parts
Eucalyptus bits, 10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of ramulus mori bits, 5 parts of peanut shells, 5 parts of cassiri waste residues, 10 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of peanut press pulps, 1 part of stone
Cream, 1 part of white sugar and 1 part of calcium superphosphate, water content 65%.
The invention has the advantages that：
1. the present invention uses pre-wetted treatment to raw material, the contact area between raw material can be significantly improved, and then after promotion
The culture of continuous hericium mycelium.The present invention first passes through carries out pre-wetted treatment to major ingredient, moisture penetration is entered Eucalyptus bits, cottonseed
Shell, ramulus mori bits, the internal structure of cassiri waste residue；Then by the way that major ingredient and auxiliary material are mixed, damping and regulation pH value to
Under 8.0~9.0 alkalescence condition, the partially acidic material discharged during follow-up fermenting raw materials can be neutralized, avoids raw material
It is acid too strong, the generation of the phenomenon for the growing environment requirement that the required pH value of mycelial growth is 7-8 is not utilized.
2. fermentation process technological means of the present invention, while germ is efficiently killed, additionally it is possible to promote raw material
Rapid degraded, be advantageous to the growth of follow-up mycelia.Fermentation process of the present invention has advantages below, first, hair
During ferment, the fast-growth breeding such as some thermophilic microorganisms such as actinomyces under fermentation at elevated temperatures agent effect in raw material, make
Windrow temperature rises to 65~70 DEG C, can kill the harmful worm's ovum of some in raw material and part miscellaneous diseases bacterium, compost is sterilized
It is more thorough；Second, the beneficial microbe such as actinomyces in fermentation process can promote lignin, cellulose in the raw materials such as Eucalyptus bits
Organic substance degrade rapidly, become the nutrition that edible mushroom easily absorbs, make the mycelia material feeding after inoculation fast, resistance；
Third, carrying out 2~4 turnings in fermentation process, the pernicious gas that will can be discharged during cultivation and fermentation, such as ammonia is waved
Hair falls, and ensures the normal growth of hypha of edible fungus.
3. the Eucalyptus bits that the present invention is had more than needed using Guangxi province carry out cultivation Hericium erinaceus for primary raw material, the monkey planted
The single counterpoise of head mushroom and biological efficiency are preferable, and color is pure white, and thorn is short, and delicious, pollution rate is low, can subsequently carry out large area
Popularization.
【Embodiment】
Embodiment 1：
1. a kind of Hericium erinaceus culture method using Eucalyptus bits as main planting material, comprise the following steps：
(1) pre-wetted treatment：Count in parts by weight, 55 parts of Eucalyptus bits of precise, 10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of ramulus moris are considered to be worth doing, 5 parts
Cassiri waste residue and 5 parts of peanut shells, dry mixing uniformly into major ingredient, then carry out spraying humidification processing with running water at 50 DEG C, made
Then the water content of major ingredient is added by 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of calcium superphosphate and 0.3 part of fermentation at elevated temperatures agent up to more than 65% in major ingredient
The auxiliary material combined, major ingredient and auxiliary material are stirred into compound, make the water content of compound up to 65%, and will with lime
The pH value of compound is adjusted to 8.0, obtains pre- wet feed material；
(2) fermentation process：By raw material of prewetting pile height be 1.2m, the material heap that width is 1m, expect the length of heap according to windrow
Quantity depending on, interval 80cm windrow is made a call into an air-vent with a diameter of 5cm waddy, carried out when material temperature rises to more than 65 DEG C
Turning, ferment 7 days, turning 2 times during fermentation, about 1 week or so the time obtains pretreated material；
(3) making of bacterium bag：Count in parts by weight, by the pretreated material described in step (2) and 10 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of flowers
After raw bran and 1 part of white sugar stir, planting material is obtained, the water content for adjusting planting material is 60%, pH value 7.5, will be cultivated
After material loads polybag, the normal-pressure sterilization 10h at 100 DEG C, Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain is inoculated with two by sterile working code after cooling,
Obtain bacterium bag；Described Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain is successively after denominator kind, original seed and the cultigen three-level producing method for seed production of hybrid seeds, is training
Support to be placed at 25 DEG C to cultivate after preparing, sterilizing and be inoculated with base and form；Described culture medium is counted in parts by weight, including with
Lower component：55 parts of Eucalyptus bits, 10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of ramulus mori bits, 5 parts of peanut shells, 5 parts of cassiri waste residues, 10 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts
Peanut press pulp, 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of white sugar and 1 part of calcium superphosphate, water content 65%；
(4) mycelial culture：Bacterium bag is placed in culturing room, under conditions of 25 DEG C, relative air humidity are 65%
Lucifuge culture Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain 32 days, growing state of the bacterial strain in bacterium bag is observed, measures mycelial growth rate and mycelial growth potential,
Significance difference analysis is carried out to the speed of growth of individual bacterial strain using duncan's new multiple range method；
(5) management of producing mushroom and harvesting：The Plastibell for cultivating good mycelial bacterium bag both ends is opened, in order to make mycelia
Body kink into former base, by bacterium bag be put into temperature be 12 DEG C, relative air humidity 75%, flowing wind speed be 0.05m/s and illumination
Intensity is in 400lx greenhouse, and former base carries out management of producing mushroom 7 days after being formed, and Hericium erinaceus for finally harvesting a diameter of 7cm is real
Body.
Embodiment 2：
1. a kind of Hericium erinaceus culture method using Eucalyptus bits as main planting material, comprise the following steps：
(1) pre-wetted treatment：Count in parts by weight, 55 parts of Eucalyptus bits of precise, 10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of ramulus moris are considered to be worth doing, 5 parts
Cassiri waste residue and 5 parts of peanut shells, dry mixing uniformly into major ingredient, then carry out spraying humidification processing with running water at 55 DEG C, made
Then the water content of major ingredient is added by 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of calcium superphosphate and 0.3 part of fermentation at elevated temperatures agent up to more than 65% in major ingredient
The auxiliary material combined, major ingredient and auxiliary material are stirred into compound, make the water content of compound up to 65%, and will with lime
The pH value of compound is adjusted to 8.2, obtains pre- wet feed material；
(2) fermentation process：By raw material of prewetting pile height be 1.3m, the material heap that width is 1m, expect the length of heap according to windrow
Quantity depending on, interval 80cm windrow is made a call into an air-vent with a diameter of 5cm waddy, carried out when material temperature rises to more than 65 DEG C
Turning, ferment 7 days, turning 3 times during fermentation, about 1 week or so the time obtains pretreated material；
(3) making of bacterium bag：Count in parts by weight, by the pretreated material described in step (2) and 10 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of flowers
After raw bran and 1 part of white sugar stir, planting material is obtained, the water content for adjusting planting material is 62%, pH value 7.8, will be cultivated
After material loads polybag, the normal-pressure sterilization 10.5h at 100 DEG C, hericium erinaceus is inoculated with two by sterile working code after cooling
Strain, obtains bacterium bag；Described Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain for successively after denominator kind, original seed and the cultigen three-level producing method for seed production of hybrid seeds,
It is placed at 27 DEG C to cultivate after preparing, sterilizing and be inoculated with the medium and forms；Described culture medium is counted in parts by weight, bag
Include following components：55 parts of Eucalyptus bits, 10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of ramulus mori bits, 5 parts of peanut shells, 5 parts of cassiri waste residues, 10 parts of wheat bran,
2 parts of peanut press pulps, 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of white sugar and 1 part of calcium superphosphate, water content 65%；
(4) mycelial culture：Bacterium bag is placed in culturing room, under conditions of 26 DEG C, relative air humidity are 67%
Lucifuge culture Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain 33 days, growing state of the bacterial strain in bacterium bag is observed, measures mycelial growth rate and mycelial growth potential,
Significance difference analysis is carried out to the speed of growth of individual bacterial strain using duncan's new multiple range method；
(5) management of producing mushroom and harvesting：The Plastibell for cultivating good mycelial bacterium bag both ends is opened, in order to make mycelia
Body kink into former base, by bacterium bag be put into temperature be 18 DEG C, relative air humidity 80%, flowing wind speed be 0.07m/s and illumination
Intensity is in 600lx greenhouse, and former base carries out management of producing mushroom 8 days after being formed, and Hericium erinaceus for finally harvesting a diameter of 8cm is real
Body.
Embodiment 3：
1. a kind of Hericium erinaceus culture method using Eucalyptus bits as main planting material, comprise the following steps：
(1) pre-wetted treatment：Count in parts by weight, 55 parts of Eucalyptus bits of precise, 10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of ramulus moris are considered to be worth doing, 5 parts
Cassiri waste residue and 5 parts of peanut shells, dry mixing uniformly into major ingredient, then carry out spraying humidification processing with running water at 60 DEG C, made
Then the water content of major ingredient is added by 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of calcium superphosphate and 0.3 part of fermentation at elevated temperatures agent up to more than 65% in major ingredient
The auxiliary material combined, major ingredient and auxiliary material are stirred into compound, make the water content of compound up to 65%, and will with lime
The pH value of compound is adjusted to 8.5, obtains pre- wet feed material；
(2) fermentation process：By raw material of prewetting pile height be 1.4m, the material heap that width is 1m, expect the length of heap according to windrow
Quantity depending on, interval 80cm windrow is made a call into an air-vent with a diameter of 5cm waddy, carried out when material temperature rises to more than 65 DEG C
Turning, ferment 7 days, turning 3 times during fermentation, about 1 week or so the time obtains pretreated material；
(3) making of bacterium bag：Count in parts by weight, by the pretreated material described in step (2) and 10 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of flowers
After raw bran and 1 part of white sugar stir, planting material is obtained, the water content for adjusting planting material is 63%, pH value 8.0, will be cultivated
After material loads polybag, the normal-pressure sterilization 11h at 100 DEG C, Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain is inoculated with two by sterile working code after cooling,
Obtain bacterium bag；Described Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain is successively after denominator kind, original seed and the cultigen three-level producing method for seed production of hybrid seeds, is training
Support to be placed at 27 DEG C to cultivate after preparing, sterilizing and be inoculated with base and form；Described culture medium is counted in parts by weight, including with
Lower component：55 parts of Eucalyptus bits, 10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of ramulus mori bits, 5 parts of peanut shells, 5 parts of cassiri waste residues, 10 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts
Peanut press pulp, 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of white sugar and 1 part of calcium superphosphate, water content 65%；
(4) mycelial culture：Bacterium bag is placed in culturing room, under conditions of 26 DEG C, relative air humidity are 67%
Lucifuge culture Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain 34 days, growing state of the bacterial strain in bacterium bag is observed, measures mycelial growth rate and mycelial growth potential,
Significance difference analysis is carried out to the speed of growth of individual bacterial strain using duncan's new multiple range method；
(5) management of producing mushroom and harvesting：The Plastibell for cultivating good mycelial bacterium bag both ends is opened, in order to make mycelia
Body kink into former base, by bacterium bag be put into temperature be 20 DEG C, relative air humidity 80%, flowing wind speed be 0.09m/s and illumination
Intensity is in 700lx greenhouse, and former base carries out management of producing mushroom 9 days after being formed, and Hericium erinaceus for finally harvesting a diameter of 9cm is real
Body.
Embodiment 4：
1. a kind of Hericium erinaceus culture method using Eucalyptus bits as main planting material, comprise the following steps：
(1) pre-wetted treatment：Count in parts by weight, 55 parts of Eucalyptus bits of precise, 10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of ramulus moris are considered to be worth doing, 5 parts
Cassiri waste residue and 5 parts of peanut shells, dry mixing uniformly into major ingredient, then carry out spraying humidification processing with running water at 63 DEG C, made
Then the water content of major ingredient is added by 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of calcium superphosphate and 0.3 part of fermentation at elevated temperatures agent up to more than 65% in major ingredient
The auxiliary material combined, major ingredient and auxiliary material are stirred into compound, make the water content of compound up to 65%, and will with lime
The pH value of compound is adjusted to 8.4, obtains pre- wet feed material；
(2) fermentation process：By raw material of prewetting pile height be 1.3m, the material heap that width is 1m, expect the length of heap according to windrow
Quantity depending on, interval 80cm windrow is made a call into an air-vent with a diameter of 5cm waddy, carried out when material temperature rises to more than 65 DEG C
Turning, ferment 7 days, turning 4 times during fermentation, about 1 week or so the time obtains pretreated material；
(3) making of bacterium bag：Count in parts by weight, by the pretreated material described in step (2) and 10 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of flowers
After raw bran and 1 part of white sugar stir, planting material is obtained, the water content for adjusting planting material is 61%, pH value 7.9, will be cultivated
After material loads polybag, the normal-pressure sterilization 11.5h at 100 DEG C, hericium erinaceus is inoculated with two by sterile working code after cooling
Strain, obtains bacterium bag；Described Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain for successively after denominator kind, original seed and the cultigen three-level producing method for seed production of hybrid seeds,
It is placed at 26 DEG C to cultivate after preparing, sterilizing and be inoculated with the medium and forms；Described culture medium is counted in parts by weight, bag
Include following components：55 parts of Eucalyptus bits, 10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of ramulus mori bits, 5 parts of peanut shells, 5 parts of cassiri waste residues, 10 parts of wheat bran,
2 parts of peanut press pulps, 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of white sugar and 1 part of calcium superphosphate, water content 65%；
(4) mycelial culture：Bacterium bag is placed in culturing room, under conditions of 26 DEG C, relative air humidity are 68%
Lucifuge culture Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain 33 days, growing state of the bacterial strain in bacterium bag is observed, measures mycelial growth rate and mycelial growth potential,
Significance difference analysis is carried out to the speed of growth of individual bacterial strain using duncan's new multiple range method；
(5) management of producing mushroom and harvesting：The Plastibell for cultivating good mycelial bacterium bag both ends is opened, in order to make mycelia
Body kink into former base, by bacterium bag be put into temperature be 22 DEG C, relative air humidity 85%, flowing wind speed be 0.09m/s and illumination
Intensity is in 500lx greenhouse, and former base carries out management of producing mushroom 8 days after being formed, and Hericium erinaceus for finally harvesting a diameter of 9cm is real
Body.
Embodiment 5：
1. a kind of Hericium erinaceus culture method using Eucalyptus bits as main planting material, comprise the following steps：
(1) pre-wetted treatment：Count in parts by weight, 55 parts of Eucalyptus bits of precise, 10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of ramulus moris are considered to be worth doing, 5 parts
Cassiri waste residue and 5 parts of peanut shells, dry mixing uniformly into major ingredient, then carry out spraying humidification processing with running water at 62 DEG C, made
Then the water content of major ingredient is added by 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of calcium superphosphate and 0.3 part of fermentation at elevated temperatures agent up to more than 65% in major ingredient
The auxiliary material combined, major ingredient and auxiliary material are stirred into compound, make the water content of compound up to 65%, and will with lime
The pH value of compound is adjusted to 8.6, obtains pre- wet feed material；
(2) fermentation process：By raw material of prewetting pile height be 1.4m, the material heap that width is 1m, expect the length of heap according to windrow
Quantity depending on, interval 80cm windrow is made a call into an air-vent with a diameter of 5cm waddy, carried out when material temperature rises to more than 65 DEG C
Turning, ferment 7 days, turning 3 times during fermentation, about 1 week or so the time obtains pretreated material；
(3) making of bacterium bag：Count in parts by weight, by the pretreated material described in step (2) and 10 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of flowers
After raw bran and 1 part of white sugar stir, planting material is obtained, the water content for adjusting planting material is 61%, pH value 7.7, will be cultivated
After material loads polybag, the normal-pressure sterilization 10.5h at 100 DEG C, hericium erinaceus is inoculated with two by sterile working code after cooling
Strain, obtains bacterium bag；Described Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain for successively after denominator kind, original seed and the cultigen three-level producing method for seed production of hybrid seeds,
It is placed at 26 DEG C to cultivate after preparing, sterilizing and be inoculated with the medium and forms；Described culture medium is counted in parts by weight, bag
Include following components：55 parts of Eucalyptus bits, 10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of ramulus mori bits, 5 parts of peanut shells, 5 parts of cassiri waste residues, 10 parts of wheat bran,
2 parts of peanut press pulps, 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of white sugar and 1 part of calcium superphosphate, water content 65%；
(4) mycelial culture：Bacterium bag is placed in culturing room, under conditions of 27 DEG C, relative air humidity are 68%
Lucifuge culture Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain 33 days, growing state of the bacterial strain in bacterium bag is observed, measures mycelial growth rate and mycelial growth potential,
Significance difference analysis is carried out to the speed of growth of individual bacterial strain using duncan's new multiple range method；
(5) management of producing mushroom and harvesting：The Plastibell for cultivating good mycelial bacterium bag both ends is opened, in order to make mycelia
Body kink into former base, by bacterium bag be put into temperature be 19 DEG C, relative air humidity 88%, flowing wind speed be 0.07m/s and illumination
Intensity is in 500lx greenhouse, and former base carries out management of producing mushroom 7 days after being formed, and Hericium erinaceus for finally harvesting a diameter of 9cm is real
Body.
Embodiment 6：
1. a kind of Hericium erinaceus culture method using Eucalyptus bits as main planting material, comprise the following steps：
(1) pre-wetted treatment：Count in parts by weight, 55 parts of Eucalyptus bits of precise, 10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of ramulus moris are considered to be worth doing, 5 parts
Cassiri waste residue and 5 parts of peanut shells, dry mixing uniformly into major ingredient, then carry out spraying humidification processing with running water at 65 DEG C, made
Then the water content of major ingredient is added by 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of calcium superphosphate and 0.3 part of fermentation at elevated temperatures agent up to more than 65% in major ingredient
The auxiliary material combined, major ingredient and auxiliary material are stirred into compound, make the water content of compound up to 65%, and will with lime
The pH value of compound is adjusted to 9.0, obtains pre- wet feed material；
(2) fermentation process：By raw material of prewetting pile height be 1.5m, the material heap that width is 1m, expect the length of heap according to windrow
Quantity depending on, interval 80cm windrow is made a call into an air-vent with a diameter of 5cm waddy, carried out when material temperature rises to more than 65 DEG C
Turning, ferment 7 days, turning 4 times during fermentation, about 1 week or so the time obtains pretreated material；
(3) making of bacterium bag：Count in parts by weight, by the pretreated material described in step (2) and 10 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of flowers
After raw bran and 1 part of white sugar stir, planting material is obtained, the water content for adjusting planting material is 65%, pH value 8.0, will be cultivated
After material loads polybag, the normal-pressure sterilization 12h at 100 DEG C, Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain is inoculated with two by sterile working code after cooling,
Obtain bacterium bag；Described Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain is successively after denominator kind, original seed and the cultigen three-level producing method for seed production of hybrid seeds, is training
Support to be placed at 28 DEG C to cultivate after preparing, sterilizing and be inoculated with base and form；Described culture medium is counted in parts by weight, including with
Lower component：55 parts of Eucalyptus bits, 10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of ramulus mori bits, 5 parts of peanut shells, 5 parts of cassiri waste residues, 10 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts
Peanut press pulp, 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of white sugar and 1 part of calcium superphosphate, water content 65%；
(4) mycelial culture：Bacterium bag is placed in culturing room, under conditions of 28 DEG C, relative air humidity are 70%
Lucifuge culture Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain 35 days, growing state of the bacterial strain in bacterium bag is observed, measures mycelial growth rate and mycelial growth potential,
Significance difference analysis is carried out to the speed of growth of individual bacterial strain using duncan's new multiple range method；
(5) management of producing mushroom and harvesting：The Plastibell for cultivating good mycelial bacterium bag both ends is opened, in order to make mycelia
Bacterium bag is put into that temperature is 24 DEG C, relative air humidity 90%, flowing wind speed is 0.1m/s and illumination is strong into former base by body kink
Spend in the greenhouse for 800lx, former base carries out management of producing mushroom 10 days after being formed, and Hericium erinaceus for finally harvesting a diameter of 10cm is real
Body.
Experiment 1：
Variety comparative test：10 bacterial strains preserved from the introduction of domestic edible mushroom units concerned and our unit.Test strain is through same
After Shi Fuzhuan, expand culture, variety comparative test is carried out using identical strain grade, specific implementation steps are according to embodiment 1, bacterium
Strain source is shown in Table 1, and strain growth speed is shown in Table 2.
Table 1：
| Sequence number | Strain name | Bacterium source |
| 1 | Big hedgehog hydnum | Beijing Ji Xun gardens Science and Technology Ltd. |
| 2 | Hedgehog hydnum T3 | Jiangdu day reaches edible mushroom research institute |
| 3 | Hedgehog hydnum 4916 | Jiangdu day reaches edible mushroom research institute |
| 4 | Hedgehog hydnum 4903 | Jiangdu day reaches edible mushroom research institute |
| 5 | Hedgehog hydnum No. 6 | Edible mushroom research institute of Guangxi University |
| 6 | Hedgehog hydnum BJ | Edible mushroom research institute of Shouguang City |
| 7 | Hedgehog hydnum king | Institute of microbiology of Guangxi academy of agricultural sciences preserves kind |
| 8 | Wild hedgehog hydnum | The wild separation kind of Yichun of Heilongjiang Province |
| 9 | Changshan hedgehog hydnum | Edible mushroom research institute of Shouguang City |
| 10 | Shandong monkey No. 1 | Edible mushroom research institute of Shouguang City |
Table 2：
Note：Represent that mycelial density and growth potential are strong and weak with "+" number；++ represent that mycelium growth vigor is stronger, it is sturdy, pure white but raw
Length is not neat enough；+++ represent that mycelium growth vigor is strong, it is sturdy, pure white, neat；Do not represented with the mother stock that writes of different size after column data
Difference is up to the 0.05 pole level of signifiance and 0.01 level of signifiance.
As shown in Table 2：In bacterium bag, the Growth rate of wild hedgehog hydnum is most fast, reaches 6.38mm/d,
In 0.05 and 0.01 level, significant difference be present with the speed of growth of other Hericium erinaceus bacterial strains.The mycelia of hedgehog hydnum 4903 is averaged
The speed of growth is most slow, only 4.12mm/d, and in 0.05 and 0.01 level, the speed of growth with other Hericium erinaceus bacterial strains
Significant difference be present；
In terms of mycelium growth vigor, wild hedgehog hydnum, Changshan hedgehog hydnum, hedgehog hydnum No. 6, the mycelium growth vigor of Shandong monkey No. 1 are dense, clean
In vain, sturdy, strong, then growing way is slightly worse for remaining bacterial strain, and growth is not neat enough；
The pollution rate of tried bacterial strain is below 10%.
Experiment 2：
Hericium erinaceus fruiting body Experiments On Agronomy Properties, the Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain of separate sources is cultivated according to the method for embodiment 1,
The economical character of hericium erinaceus fruiting body is observed, the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3：
As shown in Table 3：All bacterial strain fructifications of participating in the experiment are essentially white, and then difference is larger for remaining character.Changshan hedgehog hydnum, Shandong
The fructification individual of 3 bacterial strains such as monkey No. 1, hedgehog hydnum 4916 is big, and the single counterpoise of wherein Changshan hedgehog hydnum is maximum, is reached
88.41g/.And hedgehog hydnum T3 single counterpoise is minimum, only 58.69g/ is individual.Bacterial strain of respectively participating in the experiment is formed from former base is inoculated into
Only need 29~36 days, wherein that most short is hedgehog hydnum king, 29 days after inoculation start to budding.Budding the time it is most long be wild hedgehog hydnum,
36 talentes start to budding after inoculation.
Experiment 3：
The tide time yield trials of Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain：The Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain of separate sources is cultivated according to the method for embodiment 1, is calculated
The yield and biological conversion rate of each tide time of Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain, the results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4：
As shown in Table 4：The yield of Changshan hedgehog hydnum is highest, and first three damp average product reaches 276.19g/ bags, biology
Conversion ratio is up to 69.05%, in 0.05 and 0.01 level, except compared with hedgehog hydnum BJ difference significantly in addition to, the production with other bacterial strains
Significant difference be present in amount.Hedgehog hydnum BJ yield is taken second place, and first three damp average product is 245.10g/ bags, and biological conversion rate is
61.28%, significant difference be present with big hedgehog hydnum in 0.05 and 0.01 level.Yield it is minimum be wild hedgehog hydnum, first three tide is flat
Equal yield is only 150.04g/ bags, and biological conversion rate is only 37.51%.
In summary：Pass through the comparative test of the growing state of mycelia in bacterium bag and biological efficiency etc., the results showed that
Notable difference be present between 10 bacterial strains of participating in the experiment.Under identical culture medium and condition of culture, different its mycelia of Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain
Difference be present in growing way, the speed of growth.On bacterium bag culture medium, the mycelial growth rate of wild hedgehog hydnum is most fast, next to that often
Mountain hedgehog hydnum, and mycelial growth rate it is most slow be then hedgehog hydnum 4903.The biological efficiency of 10 Hericium erinaceus there is also notable difference,
The biological efficiency highest of Changshan hedgehog hydnum, and single counterpoise is also highest；Next to that hedgehog hydnum BJ, single counterpoise is also only second to often
Mountain hedgehog hydnum.Significant difference between other bacterial strains be present in 0.05 and 0.01 level in both biological efficiencies, but between the two
Difference is not notable.Biological efficiency it is minimum be wild hedgehog hydnum.
From experimental result as can be seen that Changshan hedgehog hydnum is in addition to mycelial growth rate is only second to wild hedgehog hydnum, its single counterpoise
All it is best with biological efficiency, and color is pure white, thorn is short, and delicious, pollution rate is low, is particularly suitable for Guangxi province and utilizes eucalyptus
Wood chip is that primary raw material is cultivated.Follow-up study can carry out regional testing, further verify its growing state, biological efficiency
And after commodity property, promote to as main breed.
Described above is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim, the equal change completed or modification change under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention, all should belong to
Cover the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. Hericium erinaceus culture method using Eucalyptus bits as main planting material, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：(1) pre-wetted treatment：Count in parts by weight, 55 parts of Eucalyptus bits of precise, 10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 portions of ramulus mori bits, 5 portions of cassavas Wine waste residue and 5 parts of peanut shells, dry mixing is uniformly into major ingredient, then with running water damping, makes the water content of major ingredient up to more than 65%, so The auxiliary material that is combined by 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of calcium superphosphate and 0.3 part of fermentation at elevated temperatures agent is added in major ingredient afterwards, by major ingredient and auxiliary Material is stirred into compound, makes the water content of compound up to 65%, and the pH value of compound is adjusted into 8.0~9.0 with lime, Obtain pre- wet feed material；(2) fermentation process：Raw material of prewetting is piled into the material heap that height is 1m for 1.2~1.5m, width, expects the length of heap according to windrow Quantity depending on, interval 80cm windrow is made a call into an air-vent with a diameter of 5cm waddy, carried out when material temperature rises to more than 65 DEG C Turning, ferment 7 days, turning 2~4 times during fermentation, about 1 week or so the time obtains pretreated material；(3) making of bacterium bag：Count in parts by weight, by the pretreated material described in step (2) and 10 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of peanut press pulps After being stirred with 1 part of white sugar, planting material is obtained, the water content for adjusting planting material is 60~65%, pH value is 7.5~8.0, will After planting material loads polybag, 10~12h of normal-pressure sterilization at 100 DEG C, monkey is inoculated with two by sterile working code after cooling Head mushroom bacterial strain, obtains bacterium bag；(4) mycelial culture：Bacterium bag is placed in culturing room, in 25~28 DEG C, the bar that relative air humidity is 65~70% Lucifuge culture Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain 32~35 days under part, growing state of the bacterial strain in bacterium bag is observed, measures mycelial growth rate and bacterium Silk growth potential, significance difference analysis is carried out to the speed of growth of individual bacterial strain using duncan's new multiple range method；(5) management of producing mushroom and harvesting：The Plastibell for cultivating good mycelial bacterium bag both ends is opened, in order to turn round mycelium Form former base, by bacterium bag be put into temperature be 12~24 DEG C, relative air humidity is 75~90%, flowing wind speed be 0.05~ In 0.1m/s and the greenhouse that intensity of illumination is 400~800lx, former base carries out management of producing mushroom 7~10 days after being formed, and finally harvesting is straight Footpath is 7~10cm hericium erinaceus fruiting body.
- A kind of 2. Hericium erinaceus culture method using Eucalyptus bits as main planting material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (1) technological means is that spraying humidification processing is carried out at 50~65 DEG C used by the running water damping described in.
- A kind of 3. Hericium erinaceus culture method using Eucalyptus bits as main planting material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (3) the Hericium erinaceus bacterial strain described in is successively after denominator kind, original seed and the cultigen three-level producing method for seed production of hybrid seeds, in the medium It is placed at 25~28 DEG C to cultivate after preparing, sterilizing and be inoculated with and forms.
- A kind of 4. Hericium erinaceus culture method using Eucalyptus bits as main planting material according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：It is described Culture medium count in parts by weight, including following components：55 parts of Eucalyptus bits, 10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of ramulus mori bits, 5 parts of peanut shells, 5 parts of cassiri waste residues, 10 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of peanut press pulps, 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of white sugar and 1 part of calcium superphosphate, water content 65%.
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| CN108260473A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-07-10 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | Using eucalyptus industrial wood waste as the method for main culture material cultivating ganoderma |
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| CN108812067A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-11-16 | 昆山市正兴食用菌有限公司 | A kind of uniform quality and stable culture medium of edible fungus formula treatment process |
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| CN110115199A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-13 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | A method of production cloud ear strain is considered to be worth doing with Eucalyptus |
| CN111699920A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-25 | 贵州省中国科学院天然产物化学重点实验室(贵州医科大学天然产物化学重点实验室) | Astragalus membranaceus residue cultivation material and application thereof in hericium erinaceus cultivation |
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