CN1073370C

CN1073370C - Producing process and use of efficient straw stalks fermenting fodder

Info

Publication number: CN1073370C
Application number: CN95107498A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 石林; 张乡
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1995-07-17
Filing date: 1995-07-17
Publication date: 2001-10-24
Anticipated expiration: 2015-07-17
Also published as: CN1140556A

Abstract

The present invention discloses a micro storage feed prepared from strain nutrition water, fermentation water and straw grass powder through fermentation. Because a zymolytic agent is added to the fermentation water, tight molecule chains of coarse fibers are loosened, and permeability and affinity interaction of cellulose cell membranes are enhanced; strains are fully activated, extended, increased and propagated by the action of nutritional agents of strain activation, the coarse fibers are fully degraded, and the digestibility, edibility and nutrient components of the grass powder micro storage feed are improved. The components are only 20% of ammonification feed, the coarse fibers are reduced by 40%, and the coarse protein is increased by about 4%; the micro storage feed has good palatability, and the animal food consumption is increased by 25 to 30%. The present invention has the advantages of simple operation process and easy popularization.

Description

A kind of preparation method of stalk, grass powder feed and purposes

The present invention relates to and a kind ofly generate preparation method, production technology and the purposes of efficient stalks fermenting fodder by the microbial fungi glycolysis.

A similar techniques is just promoted on market now.It is a kind of microbiological fermented feed that is used for feeding ox, and it is with dried bacteria preparation 3g for a (see figure 5), pours into after bubbly water 2-4 hour from the beginning in the wheat bran salt solution, and seals in this mixed liquor is admixed the stalk material of one ton of weight, and anaerobic fermentation is made.Wherein wheat bran salt solution is to be mixed thoroughly by the wheat bran that three water add the HaCl of 10kg and 2kg to form.The rate of body weight gain that this feed can make livestock improves about 18.7% than general feeds (non-send out pure feed), and the palatability of livestock improves about 5% than ammoniated forage.But because this preparation method is directly used dried bacterium, the composition of dried bacterium mainly is an anaerobic bacteria, and commodity product(s) all is to pass through drying and other treatment, also fully activation, and its zymohydrolysis can't be given full play of.If increase the proportion of dried bacterium again, then can cause the raising of cost, be unfavorable for further improving quality of the fodder and reducing cost.Along with animal husbandry develops rapidly, the storage of the greenfeed of solution letting animals feed and the ammonification of roughage are the technology that agricultural agency is promoted emphatically always, but because the rise in price of raising raw material, having hindered with urea is the development of the ammoniated forage of raw material.

The objective of the invention is, improve preparation method and production technology, form the preparation method and the production technology of efficient straw stalks fermenting fodder, dried bacterium is made the bacterial classification nutritive water earlier, purpose is to make thalline cultivate activation fully once again, and gives it with suitable nutrition catalyst, makes the multiplication of thalline quantity; Simultaneously simple water is become and allocate the fermentation water that generates after the glycolysis agent into, make anaerobic fermentation under the state of fully activation and thalline quantity multiplication, be spilled into again under the state of a large amount of fermentation water and carry out with zymohydrolysis, under the condition that does not raise the cost, quality of the fodder is improved, and has enlarged the scope of application of feed.

Technical solution of the present invention is, (see figure 1) will be fermented after water 2 and bacterial classification nutritive water 3 mix, and be sprayed in the stalk, grass powder 1.Turn over even after, in sealing, ferment.Fermentation time 18-20 in summer days, 25 days springs, 30 days winters; The method of sealing is for small-scale production, in the cylinder of can packing into, seal in the pond or in the polybag.Can in the darker fermentation vat of large tracts of land, carry out large-scale production, after in the pond, offering the thick stalk, grass powder of 30cm, spray fermentation water 2 and bacterial classification nutritive water 3, and rake turns over evenly, treads or compacting, offer a bed thickness 30cm thereon again after, tread compacting again, and so forth, its compaction plane exceeds pond face 30cm after compacting, on the surface according to 200g-260g/M ²Spread one deck salt, the top seals with plastic sheeting, and the edge of plastic sheeting can get final product with mud or wet soil compacting sealing.

Microbiological fermented feed of the present invention can be used as the direct feeds of ruminant such as ox, sheep etc.; For non-ruminant animal, as pig, chicken, duck, goose, rabbit, fish, shrimp ... or the like, can be used as supplement feed and use.Such as, originally the feed of these non-ruminant animals is nourishing additive agents that grain feed adds some, there has been microbiological fermented feed then can reduce the part grain feed, the a part of available microbiological fermented feed of this of its minimizing replaces, feed as a supplement, because its raw material is based on stalk, cost is low, through abundant glycolysis fermentation, resolve into absorbable nutrient with being used for cellulose that non-ruminant animal can't digest and absorb, crude fibre etc., having improved quality of the fodder, is a kind of quite promising animal feed.After feed is made, in use, should what need just what take from the superiors, remainder should continue to use the plastic sheeting good seal at every turn.Otherwise perishable rotten, the color blackening.

The concrete method for producing of following just ferment water 2 bacterial classification nutritive waters 3 and stalk, grass powder 1, production technology and purposes are described below: (for the computational methods of the consumption of various prescriptions in unified this specification, we narrate with the weight of producing one ton of required composition of stalk, grass powder microbiological fermented feed)

At first, about stalk, grass powder: the stalk of all plants can be utilized, and is the quality difference of different dry straw, contained composition difference, therefore the fineness difference of processing.Such as:

1). for ruminant,, then need straw is processed into about 3cm as being stalk with the straw; As being stalk with the wheat straw, then need wheat straw is processed into about 5cm; As being stalk with the corn stalk, then need corn stalk is processed into about 3cm.

2). for non-ruminant animal, stalk need be processed into the powder of 0.3-2mm.

The second, 3:(sees Fig. 2 about the bacterial classification nutritive water)

1. bacterial classification 4, and bacterial classification 4 used in the present invention is Bacillus acidi lactici and acetobacter, and industrial Bacillus acidi lactici and acetobacter are pieces or granular, soak activation, need to use dry strain 5g in this prescription.

2. preparation nutrient solution 8 needs to use the nutrition catalyst 78g that is melted by 100ml warm water.

3. system bran water 5 is got wheat bran 5-10g, and steeping one hour with the boiling water of 25-50ml promptly is bran water.The said wheat bran of the present invention also can replace with the corn syrup of 2-5g.

4. the compound method of bacterial classification nutritive water 3: with bran water 5, treat that its temperature reduces to about 40 ℃, pour in the nutrient solution 8, and admix bacterial classification 4.This process is the process of an infusion, when this nutritive water water temperature during at 15-25 ℃, needs to keep 8 hours; When this nutritive water water temperature during, need to keep 4 hours at 25-35 ℃.The process of infusion is one and makes thalline fully activate the process that doubles with thalline quantity.

5. about the composition of nutrition catalyst 7: (pressing the 8g preparation) white granulated sugar 2g, carbohydrase 0.1g, yeast cake powder 0.5g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3g, fish meal 0.3g, magnesium sulfate 0.15g, ammonium sulfate 0.2g, manganese dioxide 0.04g, vanadic anhydride 0.03g, cobalt chloride 0.03g, zinc oxide 0.15g, calcium carbonate 2g, B B-complex 2.2g.

The 3rd, about the fermentation water: (see figure 3)

1. get one ton of water that the stalk micro storage grass meal fodder is required of system: different stalk quality differences, when making microbiological fermented feed, the quantity difference of needed water is 2: 1 such as the weight of the required water of straw powder and the weight ratio of powder itself, promptly needs two tons in water; The weight of the required water of wheat straw powder and the weight ratio of powder itself are 1: 1, promptly need one ton in water; The weight ratio of the weight of the required water of corn stalk powder and powder itself is 3: 1, promptly needs three tons in water.Experience shows, the ratio of fermentation water and stalk is looked the degree of crushed stalk and done wet situation decision, generally after adding fermentation water 20 minutes, reach " hand is pinched agglomerating, and that touches promptly looses " just can, but hand is held when tight water breakthrough in the webs but can not drip to be advisable.Because added the glycolysis agent in fermentation water, the crude fibre strand closely of having loosened has been strengthened the infiltration affinity interaction of glycolysis agent to the cellulose cell membrane; The effect of nutritional agents in the activation of bacterial classification makes that thalline fully activates, extends, increases doubly, breeding, and the crude fibre of having degraded has fully improved digestibility and the edibility and the nutritional labeling of grass meal microbiological fermented feed.

2. compound method: stir evenly in the water of being carried above the glycolysis agent 11 of the NaCl of 5kg and 5.95-10.95kg poured into.

3. the composition of glycolysis agent 11: NaOH 250g (perhaps quick lime 3-5kg), NaCl5-10kg, sodium bicarbonate 100g, plant ash 100g, sodium humate 500g.

Above preparation reaches about 7.6-8.0 the pH value of fermentation water.

Advantage of the present invention is, because bacterial classification has a chance or opportunity and fully activates, extends, increases doubly, ferments in grass meal after the breeding rapidly again, its zymogenous bacteria born of the same parents sum of non-activated dried bacterium can be greater than 30,000,000,000/g, and moisture is less than 9%, the living cells ratio is greater than 95%, and assorted bacterium ratio is less than 0.3%.After activation increased doubly, its zymogenous bacteria born of the same parents sum can reach hundreds billion of/g.The detection of its finished product can be carried out with following index:

1). survey TCS: the fermented stalk cell number is more than 1,000,000,000/kg;

2). whether quality is soft;

3). smell: the stalk that ferments has special acid, fragrance;

4). survey crude fibre: after fermenting, the crude fibre 20-40% that generally degrades.

Feed provided by the present invention, cost have only 20% of ammoniated forage price, crude fibre can be reduced by 40%, and crude protein improves 4%, good palatability, and feed intake improves 25-30%.

The present invention has following accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is an overall preparation block diagram of the present invention;

Scheming this each label list is shown: stalk, grass powder 1, fermentation water 2, bacterial classification nutritive water 3.

Fig. 2 is the preparation block diagram of bacterial classification nutritive water of the present invention;

Scheming this each label list is shown: bacterial classification 4, wheat bran 5, water 6, nutrition catalyst 7, nutrient solution 8, corn syrup 9.

Fig. 3 is the ferment preparation block diagram of water of the present invention;

Scheming this each label list is shown: salt 10, glycolysis agent 11.

Fig. 4 is the preparation block diagram of the microbiological fermented feed of known technology; Number in the figure 16 is anaerobic bacterias.

Claims

1. the preparation method of a stalk, grass powder feed is characterized in that the preparation method of its feed is, after will ferment water (2) and bacterial classification nutritive water (3) mix, is sprayed in the stalk, grass powder (1), and rake ferments in sealing after turning over evenly;

Be 18-20 days summer time of its fermentation, and spring, autumn are 25 days, and the winter is 30 days;

Preparation method of its fermentation water (2) is: the glycolysis agent (11) of the NaCl (10) of 5kg and 5.95-10.95kg is poured into stir evenly in the needed water of one ton of stalk, grass powder (1) (6);

The preparation method of its bacterial classification nutritive water (3) is: with bran water (5), treat that its temperature reduces to about 40 ℃, pour in the nutrient solution (8), and admix bacterial classification (4);

Its bacterial classification (4) is industrial Bacillus acidi lactici or acetobacter, and the required bacterial classification (4) of one ton stalk, grass powder is 5g;

It prepares needed water (6), different stalk quality differences, and the quantity difference of needed water,

A. one ton of straw powder needs two tons in water;

B. one ton of wheat straw powder needs one ton in water;

C. one ton of corn stalk powder needs three tons in water;

The bran water (5) that one ton stalk, grass powder is required is by wheat bran 5-10g, makes in one hour with the boiling water of 25-50ml bubble, and its wheat bran can replace with the corn syrup of 2-5g;

The nutrient solution (8) that one ton stalk, grass powder is required, 8g makes with 100ml warm water Ensure Liquid catalyst (7);

The composition of the glycolysis agent (11) that one ton stalk, grass powder is required is: NaOH 250g, NaCl5-10kg, sodium bicarbonate 100g, plant ash 100g, sodium humate 500g; Wherein NaOH 250g can replace with quick lime 3-5kg;

The compound method of its bacterial classification nutritive water (3) need meet the following conditions: with bran water (5), treat that its temperature reduces to about 40 ℃, pour in the nutrient solution (8), and admix bacterial classification (4); This process is the process of an infusion, when this nutritive water water temperature during at 15-25 ℃, needs to keep 8 hours; When this nutritive water water temperature during, need to keep 4 hours at 25-35 ℃;

The composition of the nutrition catalyst (7) that one ton stalk, grass powder is required is: white granulated sugar 2g, carbohydrase 0.1g, yeast cake powder 0.5g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3g, fish meal 0.3g, magnesium sulfate 0.15g, ammonium sulfate 0.2g, manganese dioxide 0.04g, vanadic anhydride 0.03g, cobalt chloride 0.03g, zinc oxide 0.15g, calcium carbonate 2g, the plain 2.2g of composite microbial.