CN107251833A - A kind of breeding method for improveing cotton prematurity - Google Patents
A kind of breeding method for improveing cotton prematurity Download PDFInfo
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- CN107251833A CN107251833A CN201710497170.9A CN201710497170A CN107251833A CN 107251833 A CN107251833 A CN 107251833A CN 201710497170 A CN201710497170 A CN 201710497170A CN 107251833 A CN107251833 A CN 107251833A
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of breeding method for improveing cotton prematurity.This method includes：Using Early maturity cotton material as female parent, using mid-early maturity cotton material as male parent, hybridization obtains the healthy and strong and precocious F of nutrient growth1Generation, with F1On behalf of female parent, using early-maturity cotton material as male parent, hybridization obtains the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1In generation, precocious individual selfing is therefrom selected, the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations is obtained2Generation, from the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2Healthy and strong individual plant precocious, that knot bell is strong is selected in generation, the systematic breeding that high son refers to plant and precocious high yield strain is carried out from selected individual plant, selected strain is passed through again postpones date of seeding to increase precocial selection pressure, focus on the raising of bell weight simultaneously, so as to obtain precocious and high yield cotton variety.Referred to using early maturing and high yield cotton material of this method seed selection larger, emerging, the native ability in top is strong, and robust plant, prematureness is good, and blow-of-cottons of blooming are concentrated, and adaptability is extensive.The present invention is that cotton mechanization harvest, light simplified plant cotton and modern agricultural development provide kind support.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture field, it is related to a kind of breeding method for improveing cotton prematurity.
Background technology
Cotton is Malvaceae (Malvaceae) Gossypium (Gossypium), originates in subtropical zone, there is Asiatic cotton, cotton, land
Four Shoot apex of ground cotton and sea island cotton, the cotton cultivated in the world is mainly upland cotton and sea island cotton.The kind of China upland cotton
Plant area and account for more than the 98% of the national cotton field gross area, there is the plantation of sea island cotton Some Regions, Xinjiang.China is divided into three big main products
Cotton region, including the Yangtze river basin, the Huanghe valley and Northwest inland cotton region, wherein the wheat cotton of the Yangtze river basin and the Huanghe valley and oily cotton two
Ripe cotton region, North SinKiang, Gansu and the West Inner Mongolia in Northwest inland cotton region, the cotton of plantation is early-maturity cotton kind.
With the development of modern agriculture, Cotton Production is to precocity, high-quality, high yield and the new varieties that harvest suitable for mechanization
Demand is further urgent.For cotton breeding, prematureness is even more an important economical character, kind breeding time it is suitable with
It is no, directly affect utilization and yield potential of the kind to given area light temperature resource.The prematureness of cotton is by controlled by multiple genes
Quantitative character.Kind breeding time is shortened by breeding method and biological method, its prematureness of genetic improvement can improve the Changjiang river
With Huanghe valley wheat cotton or the multiple crop index in the oily ripe cotton region of cotton two, frost-free period short Xinjiang Northern Cotton Regions photo-thermal can be made full use of to provide
Source, it is to avoid fertility early stage cold spell in later spring causes the early frost of chilling injury and late growth stage to endanger, so as to ensure output of cotton and quality.
Breeding time is the number of days from sowing to the term of opening bolls (dates of 50% first cotton boll blow-of-cotton of cotton plant).This is to weigh
The precocial leading indicator of cotton variety.General breeding time is shorter, and kind is more precocious, in the Yellow River and the land in Yangtze river basin cotton region
Cotton variety, the breeding time of early-maturity cotton kind is 101-120 days, is suitable for the work such as wheat, barley, rape, potato and garlic
Planted after thing and vegetables harvest, 1 year two season of harvest, while be suitable for the North SinKiang in Northwest inland precocious cotton region, particularly Xinjiang etc.
Plant on ground；Early-medium maturing variety breeding time is 121-130 days, is suitable for wheat-cotton intercropping, while being suitable for Northwest inland cotton region, especially
It is the plantation of the ground such as the South Sinkiang in Xinjiang；Medium variety breeding time is 140 days or so, can only be in the Huanghe valley and Yangtze river basin cotton region one
Ripe plantation or culturing and transplanting seedlings.
The Mature breeding of cotton is included in national breeding project since twentieth century eighties, by 30 years of researches,
Early-maturity cotton kind breeding time, by 140 days or so of an original ripe spring cotton, shortens to 110 days or so, cotton in precocious cotton variety
10 and CCRI 16 incubation, promote and form the distinctive wheat cotton of China and the ripe cropping system of oily cotton two, alleviate China
Grain and cotton strives the contradiction on ground, early-maturity cotton kind CCRI 50 within 105 days breeding times being bred as on this basis and 100 days,
CCRI 74 and summer early No. 2 grades have established solid foundation for summer sowing.Therefore, effective improvement cotton variety prematureness, promotees
Enter cotton and concentrate blow-of-cottons of blooming, be conducive to mechanized harvest, light simplify plants cotton, is more conducive to the development of modern agriculture.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of breeding method for improveing cotton prematurity.
The breeding method of improvement cotton prematurity provided by the present invention, specifically may include following steps：
(a) using Early maturity cotton material as female parent, using mid-early maturity cotton material as male parent, hybridized, obtain F1Generation；
F1Generation compared with the Early maturity cotton material, nutrient growth is more healthy and stronger, and with the mid-early maturity cotton material
Compare, it is relatively precocious.
(b) with the F1On behalf of female parent, using early-maturity cotton material as male parent, hybridized, obtain the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1Generation；From described
Reestablish diplomatic relations F1Select relatively precocious compared with it is maternal in generation, and the more healthy and stronger individual of nutrient growth compared with its male parent；It is selected
The F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1Generation individual carries out selfing, obtains the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2Generation.
(c) from the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2Select with the mid-early maturity cotton material compared with precocity relatively in generation, and with the precocity
Individual plant of the cotton material more than Bolls per plant；Selected individual plant kind is screened precocious and son relatively from plant and referred into plant
Of a relatively high plant；Selected plant kind is into strain, and it is precocious, the high yield of 105-110 days that breeding time is screened from strain
(" high yield " refers to that compared with same type check variety per mu yield gined cotton increases production more than 10%) strain.
(d) precocious, the high yield strain is postponed into date of seeding plantation, increases Earliness selection pressure, and focus on big bell material
Screening, therefrom selecting relatively precocious, big bell, high yield and stalwartness, (" big bell ", " high yield " and " stalwartness " are people in the art
What member can hold, well known technical term, specifically, " big bell " refer to bell weight 5.5-6.0g；" high yield " refer to it is similar
Type check variety is compared, per mu yield gined cotton volume increase more than 10%；" stalwartness " refers to plant height 80-100cm) cotton strain, be final election
Strain；The final election strain is continued to postpone date of seeding plantation, Earliness selection pressure, Comprehensive Evaluation prematureness (" precocity " is increased
Refer to that 10-15 days June was sowed, field pinches for August 5-10 days, and October 25, blow-of-cottons rate reached more than 50%) and yielding ability it is (" rich
Production " refers to that compared with same type check variety per mu yield gined cotton increases production more than 10%), the final cotton product for being bred as precocious high yield
Kind.
In national variety certification standard, cotton can divide different types of kind, according to the difference of sowing time：There is spring cotton
And Shine Early cotton；According to the mode of the production of hybrid seeds point：There are hybrid cotton, normal conon；According to the difference of fiber quality：There is different types of high-quality
Cotton；According to fiber colour：Chromatic colour cotton, white cotton.In the regional testing before variety certification, check variety, principle are used as
On, should be same type with the strain participated in the experiment.The kind that the present invention is bred as is that (fiber quality is type III, fiber to conventional Shine Early cotton
Color and luster is white), compared with same type check variety, per mu yield gined cotton volume increase more than 10% has just reached the standard of variety certification.
Wherein, the Early maturity cotton material breeding time is 95-100 days；The early-maturity cotton material breeding time is 101-
120 days；The mid-early maturity cotton material breeding time is 121-130 days.
In step (a) and (b), parental apolegamy is using mid-early maturity cotton material as bridge, by the morning of Early maturity cotton material
Maturity is combined with the robust growth of mid-early maturity cotton material, the characteristic of well developed root system, then is reestablished diplomatic relations with early-maturity cotton material, to carry
The prematureness of high cotton.
The nutrient growth is more healthy and stronger be presented as plant height 80-100cm, fruit branch number 12-13, boll per plant 12-15,
Root system is more flourishing.
The precocity relatively be presented as 105-110 days breeding time, bloom knot bell faster, blow-of-cottons are smooth and more concentrate.
The step of methods described in (c), it is specially boll per plant 12-15 that the Bolls per plant relatively more；Institute
It is specially that son refers to 9.5-11.5g to state son to refer to of a relatively high.
The step of methods described in (c), from the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2The plant height specially 80- of the individual plant selected in generation
100cm, fruit branch number is specially 12-13.
The step of methods described in (d), the postponement date of seeding plantation increases Earliness selection pressure concretely：June
Sow within 10-15 days, field Topping Time is August 5-10 days, selection blow-of-cottons rate on October 25 reaches more than 50% strain.
The step of methods described in (d), the screening for focusing on big bell material concretely selects Single boll weight in 5.5-
6.0g strain.
In one embodiment of the invention, during the Early maturity cotton material in methods described step (a) is specially
Cotton institute 74；The mid-early maturity cotton material is specially mountain agriculture SF06；The early-maturity cotton material in step (b) is specially middle cotton
Institute 24；Accordingly, the final precocity, the cotton strain of high yield of being bred as is specially 425 in cotton prematurity new lines in step (d).
In another embodiment of the present invention, the Early maturity cotton material in methods described step (a) is specially
CCRI 74；The mid-early maturity cotton material is specially CCRI 45；The early-maturity cotton material in step (b) is specially morning
425 in ripe wood material；Accordingly, it is final in step (d) to be bred as during precocious, high yield cotton strain is specially cotton prematurity new lines
619。
The present invention passes through Early maturity, precocious and mid-early maturity parent reasonable selection, early-maturity cotton using mid-early maturity parent as bridge
Material trophosome is improved, the hereditary preceding son of offspring's sowing refers to selection and the synthesis of Postpone sowing time increasing Earliness selection pressure changes
Good recipe method, improves the prematureness of cotton variety, and the knot bell and bell weight of improved coordination Shine Early cotton.Utilize the morning of this method seed selection
Ripe, high yield cotton material refers to larger, and emerging, the native ability in top is strong, and robust plant, prematureness is good, and blow-of-cottons of blooming are concentrated, adaptability
Extensively.Kind support is provided for cotton mechanization harvest, light simplified plant cotton and agricultural reform.
The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art.
1st, the present invention is reasonable by parent for mechanized harvest, the light great industry science and technology demand of cotton for simplifying plant cotton
Configuration, nutrient growth improvement, early stage refer to selection and postpone the key techniques, improvement such as date of seeding increasing Earliness selection pressure
Cotton prematurity, is that short seed selection breeding time, robust growth, yielding ability are good, knot bell is strong and frost before the high precocity and high yield of flower rate
Cotton variety provides technical support.
2nd, the present invention is changed over to improve the prematureness of cotton, by Shine Early cotton relative to existing Shine Early cotton breeding technique
Cross combination is directly configured with Early maturity cotton, although reduction in the life period, prematureness is improved, but cotton plants trophosome is too small, sternly
Ghost image rings yield and quality.This method is using mid-early maturity cotton as bridge, by Early maturity and mid-early maturity parents, obtains nutrition life
Long healthy and strong first-filial generation, then it is hybridized with the fast Shine Early cotton of knot bell of blooming, effectively alleviate early-maturity cotton kind nutrient growth
With the contradiction of reproductive growth, while improveing cotton prematurity, shortening cotton development stage, mid-early maturity cotton variety is maintained
Growing way is strong, the advantage of big bell and high yield, and effectively initiative trophosome is healthy and strong, the precocious cotton material of output increased.
3rd, early-maturity cotton kind selected by this method refers to larger, and the native ability in top of emerging is strong, easily realizes that " one broadcasts
Full stand ".It as the saying goes " rich buy kind, out of funds to buy seedling ", " in spring every day counts, in summer every hour counts ", in the Yangtze river basin and Huanghe valley cotton region, preceding stubble
Ground is usually the plate stub land after wheat, barley or rape harvest, with turn over after site preparation in vain compared with, condition of emerging is poor, hold
The disconnected ridge that is short of seedling is easily caused, therefore, the native ability in top of emerging of cotton variety is particularly important；Early-maturity cotton kind is general by the end of May to June
Just sowing, cotton early emerges 1 day, by for the blooming of cotton development later stage, bell is tied and blow-of-cottons win time of 2-3 days, so that really
Protect the yield and quality of Shine Early cotton.Therefore, larger son refers to and " one broadcasts full stand " not only saving of work and time, and be early-maturity cotton product
Plant the guarantee of yield and quality.
4th, the early-maturity cotton varietal adaptation selected by this method is wide, and conventional early-maturity cotton kind is precocious because of it, raw
Educate that the phase is short, the blade of formation is few and leaf area is small, Supply of photosynthate is not enough, trophosome is small, and cotton boll is less than normal, and plant height is only 70cm
Left and right.The early-maturity cotton kind of this method seed selection has introduced mid-early maturity cotton material and has made parent, by its stalk is sturdy, nutrient growth
Healthy and strong advantage knot bell of being bloomed with Shine Early cotton is combined soon and the characteristics of blow-of-cottons are concentrated, and in offspring's screening process, is passed through
Date of seeding is postponed, Earliness selection pressure is increased, it is comparatively fast completed growth cycle in the shorter season of growth, the precocity selected
Cotton material is not only suitable for Northwest inland and does a ripe spring cotton seed plant, and it is ripe to be suitable for the Yangtze river basin and Huanghe valley cotton region two
Plantation, adaptability is extensive.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the approach of improvement cotton prematurity.
Embodiment
Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
Material used, is commercially obtained in following embodiments.
CCRI 74：Be recorded in " summer sowing Early maturity Mature Cotton New Variety --- fast, Fan Shuli is set in the analogy of CCRI 74.,
The Cottons such as Song Meizhen, 2010,37 (3):23~29 " one texts, the public can obtain at applicant, can only be used to repeat this
Invention experiment is used.
Mountain agriculture SF06：It is recorded in " mountain agriculture SF06 features and cultivation management technology Wang Hong letters, Niu Yuehua, Zhang Xingju
Deng Cottons, 2013,40 (5):The texts of 37-37 " one, the public can obtain at applicant, can only be used to repeat present invention experiment
Use.
CCRI 24：Be recorded in " the analogy tree of new cotton variety CCRI 24. is fast, and yellow auspicious luxuriant Chinese countrysides are scientific and technological, and 2000
(11):The texts of 18-18 " one, the public can obtain at applicant, can only be used to repetition present invention experiment and use.
CCRI 45：It is recorded in " the China such as the analogy tree of bivalent transgenic cotton against pests CCRI 45. fast, Fan Shuli, yellow Zhen Mao
Cotton, 2004,31 (3):The texts of 25-26 " one, the public can obtain at applicant, can only be used to repetition present invention experiment and use.
The breeding method (Fig. 1) of improvement cotton prematurity provided by the present invention, including：
1st, parental apolegamy
Premised on precocity, using the Early maturity parent material of 95-100 days breeding time as female parent, with 121-130 days breeding time
Mid-early maturity parents, its F1For breeding time between two parents, female parent is done with it, the morning with 101-120 days breeding time
Ripe mixing breed, its F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1For selfing, from F2Segregating generation screens individual plant, and plant, strain Screening and Identification are carried out afterwards.Make into
The strain of choosing is under the premise of precocity, the knot bell for keeping mid-early maturity cotton variety stronger, so as to reach the seed selection mesh of kipeming high yield
's.
2nd, trophosome is improved
The low main cause of early-maturity cotton variety yield is that nutrient growth is weaker, and the blade of formation is few and leaf area is small, light
Close product insufficient, plant height is only 70cm or so.Early-maturity cotton kind is short due to breeding time, and trophosome is small, and cotton boll is less than normal, single
Bell is generally 5.0-5.5g again, and cotton grower prefers the Big Boll cotton flower variety that Single boll weight is 6.0-6.5g, but Big Boll cotton in production
Flower variety general breeding time is partially long, therefore, improves the nutrient growth of early-maturity cotton kind, with the fast precocity parent of knot bell of blooming
This material configures cross combination with big bell mid-early maturity parent material, makes its F1Generation and its progeny cotton nutrient growth are healthy and strong, growth
Development is accelerated, and Supply of photosynthate improves, and plant height reaches 80-100cm, well developed root system, while making later stage knot bell of blooming significantly add
It hurry up, blooming, knot bell combines with excellent economical character soon.Early-maturity cotton kind blooms knot bell is fast, blow-of-cottons smooth and concentrates
On the basis of, import mid-early maturity cotton variety big bell gene so that offspring's early-maturing variety can consolidate parent's robust growth,
The characteristics of tying fast bell and big bell.
3rd, son refers to selection
Son, which refers to, to be referred to the weight of hundred cottonseeds, is represented with " g ".The son of upland cotton refers to typically in the range of 9-13g, and son refers to low
I.e. seed is small, the native ability in top of emerging, it is difficult to " one broadcasts full stand ", and cotton plants trophosome is small, influences yield；And seed is excessive,
Though the native ability enhancing in top of emerging, reduces the ginning outturn of cotton, and then influence lint yield, and the big cotton material of seed,
Breeding time is partially long, influences cotton prematurity.To improve the prematureness of cotton, it is ensured that cotton emerges quality, in Shine Early cotton plant and
In the screening process of strain, in the case where breeding time is suitable, the son for properly increasing cotton material refers to, i.e., prematureness is quite, sub
Refer to the higher person to be selected in.Early-maturity cotton kind is typically screened the sub seed for referring to 9.5-11.5g and is advisable.
4th, selection pressure is increased
Early-maturity cotton kind is in the Yangtze river basin and the Huanghe valley, typically after preceding crop is harvested, mid or late May to June
Just sowing, blow-of-cottons rate can reach 80% before October 25, but with the postponement of date of seeding, cotton boll Single boll weight is dropped to by 5.5-6.0g
4.5-5.0g, declines about 1-1.5g, to increase to precocial selection pressure, postpones sowing in 10-15 days date of seeding to June, August 5-
Pinch within 10th, October 25, blow-of-cottons rate reached more than 50%, i.e., within the season of growth of shortening, growth cycle is completed faster,
The cotton material or individual plant that Single boll weight is examined or check simultaneously in more than 5.5g are selected in, and genetic group offspring passes through continuous 2-3 late sowing
Screening, prematureness, knot bell and the bell of cotton variety restore improved coordination.
By above-mentioned selection, breeding time can be selected 105 days or so, flower rate more than 80% before frost, robust growth is long
Gesture is strong, plant height 90cm or so, more than Single boll weight 5.5g, boll per plant 10 or so, fibre length 29mm, specific strength 29cN/tex
Precocity, high yield and high-quality cotton kind.
425 seed selection in embodiment 1, cotton prematurity new lines
425 in cotton prematurity new lines, plant is in tower, and leaf color is light green, bell oval, and knot bell is strong, breeding time 107
My god, plant height 94.2cm, the first fruit branch section position 5.8, fruit branch number 9.8, Bolls per plant 10.5, Single boll weight 6.0g, ginning outturn
39.9%, the preceding flower rate 82.6% of frost, preceding 195.3 kilograms of the unginned cotton per mu yield of frost, 77.9 kilograms of gined cotton per mu yield.Be suitable for the Huanghe valley and
The ripe plantation in Yangtze river basin cotton region two, positive at present to participate in country, Henan Province and Anhui Province's Shine Early cotton regional testing, general performance is dashed forward
Go out.
425 be according to comprising the following steps seed selection in cotton prematurity new lines：
(a) it is female parent with Early maturity cotton variety CCRI 74, using mid-early maturity cotton variety mountain agriculture SF06 as male parent, carries out
Hybridization, obtains F1Generation；F1Generation compared with Early maturity cotton variety CCRI 74 nutrient growth it is more healthy and stronger, and with the mid-early maturity
Agriculture SF06 in cotton variety mountain is compared to relatively precocious；
(b) with F described in step (a)1On behalf of female parent, it is male parent with precocious material CCRI 24, is hybridized, answered
Hand over F1Generation, from the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1Selected in generation with its female parent compared to relatively it is precocious (105-110 days breeding time, bloom tie bell faster,
Blow-of-cottons are smooth and more concentrate), and nutrient growth more healthy and stronger (plant height 80-100cm, fruit branch number 12-13, the list compared with its male parent
Strain knot bell 12-15, root system are more flourishing) individual；The selected F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1Generation individual carries out selfing, obtains the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2Generation；
(c) from the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2More healthy and stronger (the stem of nutrient growth compared with early-maturity cotton kind CCRI 24 is selected in generation
Stalk is sturdy, plant height 80-100cm, fruit branch number 12-13, boll per plant 12-15, and root system is more flourishing), and with the mid-early maturity
Cotton variety mountain agriculture SF06 compared to relatively it is precocious (105-110 days breeding time, bloom knot bell faster, blow-of-cottons are smooth and more concentration) list
Strain；Selected individual plant kind into plant, screened from plant it is relatively precocious (105-110 days breeding time, bloom tie bell faster, blow-of-cottons
It is smooth and more concentrate), son refer to 9.5-11.5g plant；Selected plant kind screens breeding time 105-110 into strain from strain
It precocity, high yield (" high yield " refers to that compared with same type check variety per mu yield gined cotton increases production more than 10%) strain；
(d) precocious, the high yield strain in step (c) is postponed date of seeding, sowing in 10-15 days June increases prematureness choosing
Pressure is selected, August is pinched for 5-10 days, the cotton strain of selection blow-of-cottons rate more than 50% on October 25, while focusing on big bell material
Screening, bell weight 5.5g-6.0g, therefrom select it is relatively precocious (105-110 days breeding time, bloom knot bell faster, blow-of-cottons collect freely and more
In), big bell, (" big bell " refers to bell weight 5.5-6.0g for high yield and stalwartness；" high yield " refers to compared with same type check variety, mu
Produce gined cotton volume increase more than 10%；" stalwartness "：Plant height 80-100cm) cotton strain, be final election strain；By the final election strain after
It is continuous to postpone date of seeding plantation, increase Earliness selection pressure and (sow within i.e. 10-15 in June days, field Topping Time is August 5-10 days, choosing
Select blow-of-cottons rate on October 25 and reach more than 50%), Comprehensive Evaluation its precocious (" precocity " is to sow 10-15 days June, field August 5-
Pinch within 10th, October 25, blow-of-cottons rate reached more than 50%) and high yield (" high yield " refer to compared with same type check variety, mu
Produce gined cotton volume increase more than 10%) property, so as to obtain in the cotton prematurity new lines 425, (roguing of fighting to the finish ties up to different year
Prematureness and high yield sex expression verified, because some strains, in different year, due to climatic factors such as light warm water not
Together, its performance differs greatly, so, strain precocious, that high yield sex expression is stable should be selected in, it is final to be bred as cotton prematurity new lines
In 425).
619 seed selection in embodiment 2, cotton prematurity new lines
619 in cotton prematurity new lines, plant is in cartridge type, and dark green leaf color, bell is circular, and knot bell is strong, 105 days breeding times,
Plant height 86.6cm, the first fruit branch section position 5.4, fruit branch number 10.5, Bolls per plant 12.1, Single boll weight 5.5g, ginning outturn
42.3%, the preceding flower rate 85.2% of frost, preceding 183.1 kilograms of the unginned cotton per mu yield of frost, 77.4 kilograms of gined cotton per mu yield.Be suitable for the Huanghe valley and
The ripe plantation in Yangtze river basin cotton region two, positive at present to participate in country, Henan Province's Shine Early cotton regional testing, general performance is protruded, while
Aksu of Xinjiang, Tumushuke and Kuerle progress experiment and demonstration without covering with ground sheeting plant cotton, 600 jin or so of per mu yield unginned cotton,
Plastic-film pollution for solution cotton in Xinjiang provides technical support.
619 be according to comprising the following steps seed selection in cotton prematurity new lines：
(a) it is female parent with the choosing of Early maturity cotton variety CCRI 74 system, is male parent with mid-early maturity cotton variety CCRI 45,
Hybridized, obtain F1Generation；The F1Generation nutrient growth compared with the Early maturity cotton variety CCRI 74 is more healthy and stronger, and
It is relatively precocious compared with the mid-early maturity cotton variety CCRI 45；
(b) with F described in step (a)1It is paternal hybrid with precocious material 425 on behalf of female parent, obtains the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1Generation, from
The F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1Selected in generation with its female parent compared to relatively it is precocious (105-110 days breeding time, bloom tie bell faster, blow-of-cottons freely and
More concentrate), and nutrient growth more healthy and stronger (plant height 80-100cm, fruit branch number 12-13, the boll per plant 12- compared with its male parent
15, root system it is more flourishing) individual；The selected F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1Generation individual carries out selfing, obtains the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2Generation；
(c) from the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2Nutrient growth is selected compared with 425 in early-maturity cotton material in generation, and more healthy and stronger (stalk is thick
Strong, plant height 80-100cm, fruit branch number 12-13, boll per plant 12-15, root system is more flourishing), and with the mid-early maturity cotton
Kind CCRI 45 compared to relatively it is precocious (105-110 days breeding time, bloom knot bell faster, blow-of-cottons are smooth and more concentration) individual plant；
Selected individual plant kind into plant, screened from plant it is relatively precocious (105-110 days breeding time, bloom knot bell faster, blow-of-cottons freely and
More concentrate), son refer to 9.5-11.5g plant；Selected plant kind screens 105-110 days breeding time into strain from strain
Precocious, high yield (" high yield " refers to that compared with same type check variety per mu yield gined cotton increases production more than 10%) strain；
(d) it will be postponed date of seeding with precocious, the high yield strain in step (c), plantation in 10-15 days June increases prematureness
Pressure is selected, August is pinched for 5-10 days, the cotton strain of selection blow-of-cottons rate more than 50% on October 25, while focusing on big bell material
Screening, bell weight 5.5g-6.0g, therefrom selection (105-110 days breeding time, bloom knot bell faster, blow-of-cottons are smooth and more concentrate), greatly
(" big bell " refers to bell weight 5.5-6.0g for bell, high yield and stalwartness；" high yield " refers to compared with same type check variety, per mu yield gined cotton
Volume increase more than 10%；" stalwartness "：Plant height 80-100cm) cotton strain, be final election strain；The final election strain is continued to postpone
Date of seeding, is planted, and is increased Earliness selection pressure and (is sowed within i.e. 10-15 in June days, field Topping Time is August 5-10 days, select October
Blow-of-cottons rate reached more than 50% strain on 25th), Comprehensive Evaluation its precocious (" precocity " is to sow 10-15 days June, field August 5-
Pinch within 10th, October 25, blow-of-cottons rate reached more than 50%) and high yield (" high yield " refer to compared with same type check variety, mu
Produce gined cotton volume increase more than 10%) property, so as to obtain in the cotton prematurity new lines 619, (roguing of fighting to the finish ties up to different year
Prematureness and high yield sex expression verified, because some strains, in different year, due to climatic factors such as light warm water not
Together, its performance differs greatly, so, strain precocious, that high yield sex expression is stable should be selected in, it is final to be bred as cotton prematurity new lines
In 619).
Claims (10)
1. a kind of breeding method for improveing cotton prematurity, comprises the following steps：
(a) using Early maturity cotton material as female parent, using mid-early maturity cotton material as male parent, hybridized, obtain F1Generation；
(b) with the F1On behalf of female parent, using early-maturity cotton material as male parent, hybridized, obtain the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1Generation；Reestablished diplomatic relations from described
F1Select relatively precocious compared with it is maternal in generation, and the more healthy and stronger individual of nutrient growth compared with its male parent；Selected answers
Hand over F1Generation individual carries out selfing, obtains the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2Generation；
(c) from the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2Select with the mid-early maturity cotton material compared with precocity relatively in generation, and with the early-maturity cotton material
Individual plant of the material more than Bolls per plant；Selected individual plant kind is screened precocious and son relatively from plant and referred to relatively into plant
High plant；Selected plant kind is into strain, and it is precocious, the high yield strain of 105-110 days that breeding time is screened from strain；
(d) precocious, the high yield strain is postponed into date of seeding plantation, increases Earliness selection pressure, and focus on the sieve of big bell material
Choosing, therefrom selects the cotton strain of relatively precocious, big bell, high yield and stalwartness, is final election strain；The final election strain is continued to push away
The late sowing phase plants, and increases Earliness selection pressure, Comprehensive Evaluation prematureness and yielding ability, the final cotton for being bred as precocious high yield
Kind.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The Early maturity cotton material breeding time is 95-100 days；
The early-maturity cotton material breeding time is 101-120 days；The mid-early maturity cotton material breeding time is 121-130 days.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The nutrient growth is more healthy and stronger to be presented as plant height 80-
100cm, fruit branch number 12-13, boll per plant 12-15, root system are more flourishing.
4. according to any described method in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：The precocity relatively is presented as breeding time 105-
110 days, bloom knot bell faster, blow-of-cottons are smooth and more concentrate.
5. according to any described method in claim 1-4, it is characterised in that：In step (c), the Bolls per plant phase
To more mostly boll per plant 12-15.
6. according to any described method in claim 1-5, it is characterised in that：In step (c), the son refers to of a relatively high
Refer to 9.5-11.5g for son.
7. according to any described method in claim 1-6, it is characterised in that：In step (c), from the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2Dai Zhong
The plant height of the individual plant of selection is 80-100cm, and fruit branch number is 12-13.
8. according to any described method in claim 1-7, it is characterised in that：In step (d), the postponement date of seeding kind
Plant, increasing Earliness selection pressure is：10-15 days June was sowed, and field Topping Time is August 5-10 days, and selection was told October 25
Wadding rate reaches more than 50% strain.
9. according to any described method in claim 1-8, it is characterised in that：It is described to focus on big bell material in step (d)
Screening for selection Single boll weight 5.5-6.0g strain.
10. according to any described method in claim 1-9, it is characterised in that：The high yield refers to and same type reference substance
Plant and compare, per mu yield gined cotton volume increase more than 10%.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108235904A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-07-03 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of kind of precocity cotton variety is kept and process for preparing protospecies |
| CN117084165A (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-11-21 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Breeding method of early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton |
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| CN104396731A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-11 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Method for cultivating precocious high-yield high-quality short season cotton novel strain 425 |
| CN104488695A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-04-08 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Method for cultivating 213 of new extra-early high-ginning-outturn strain |
| CN105010129A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-11-04 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Precocity upland cotton new-germplasm breeding method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104396731A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-11 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Method for cultivating precocious high-yield high-quality short season cotton novel strain 425 |
| CN104488695A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-04-08 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Method for cultivating 213 of new extra-early high-ginning-outturn strain |
| CN105010129A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-11-04 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Precocity upland cotton new-germplasm breeding method |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108235904A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-07-03 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of kind of precocity cotton variety is kept and process for preparing protospecies |
| CN117084165A (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-11-21 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Breeding method of early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton |
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