CN107251833B - A kind of breeding method improveing cotton prematurity - Google Patents
A kind of breeding method improveing cotton prematurity Download PDFInfo
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- CN107251833B CN107251833B CN201710497170.9A CN201710497170A CN107251833B CN 107251833 B CN107251833 B CN 107251833B CN 201710497170 A CN201710497170 A CN 201710497170A CN 107251833 B CN107251833 B CN 107251833B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of breeding methods for improveing cotton prematurity.This method comprises: being female parent with Early maturity cotton material, using mid-early maturity cotton material as male parent, hybridization obtains the healthy and strong and precocious F of nutrient growth1Generation, with F1On behalf of female parent, using early-maturity cotton material as male parent, hybridization obtains the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1In generation, therefrom the precocious individual selfing of selection, obtains the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2Generation, from the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2The healthy and strong single plant that selection is precocious in generation, knot bell is strong, the systematic breeding that high son refers to plant and precocious high yield strain is carried out from selected single plant, selected strain is using postponement date of seeding to increase precocial selection pressure, focus on the raising of bell weight simultaneously, to obtain precocious and high yield cotton variety.Referred to using early maturing and high yield cotton material of this method breeding larger, emergence pushes up that native ability is strong, and robust plant, prematureness is good, and blow-of-cottons of blooming are concentrated, and adaptability is extensive.The present invention harvests for cotton mechanization, light simplified plant cotton and modern agricultural development provide kind support.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture fields, are related to a kind of breeding method for improveing cotton prematurity.
Background technique
Cotton is Malvaceae (Malvaceae) Gossypium (Gossypium), originates in subtropical zone, there is Asiatic cotton, cotton, land
Four Shoot apex of ground cotton and sea island cotton, the cotton cultivated in the world is mainly upland cotton and sea island cotton.The kind of China upland cotton
It plants area and accounts for 98% or more of the national cotton field gross area, there is the plantation of sea island cotton in Some Regions, Xinjiang.China is divided into three big main products
Cotton region, including the Yangtze river basin, Yellow River basin and Northwest inland cotton region, wherein the wheat cotton of the Yangtze river basin and Yellow River basin and oily cotton two
Ripe cotton region, North SinKiang, Gansu and the West Inner Mongolia in Northwest inland cotton region, the cotton of plantation are early-maturity cotton kind.
With the development of modern agriculture, new varieties of the Cotton Production to precocious, high-quality, high yield and suitable for mechanized harvesting
Demand is further urgent.For cotton breeding, prematureness is even more an important economical character, kind breeding time be suitable for
It is no, directly affect utilization and yield potential of the kind to given area light temperature resource.The prematureness of cotton is by controlled by multiple genes
Quantitative character.Shorten kind breeding time by breeding method and biological method, the Changjiang river can be improved in its prematureness of genetic improvement
With the multiple crop index of Yellow River basin wheat cotton or the ripe cotton region of oily cotton two, photo-thermal can be made full use of to provide in frost-free period short Xinjiang Northern Cotton Regions
Source avoids fertility cold spell in later spring early period that the early frost of chilling injury and late growth stage is caused to endanger, to guarantee output of cotton and quality.
Breeding time is the number of days from sowing to the term of opening bolls (dates of 50% first cotton boll blow-of-cotton of cotton plant).This is to measure
The precocial main indicator of cotton variety.General breeding time is shorter, and kind is more precocious, on the land of the Yellow River and Yangtze river basin cotton region
Cotton variety, the breeding time of early-maturity cotton kind are 101-120 days, are suitable for the work such as wheat, barley, rape, potato and garlic
It is planted after object and vegetables harvest, 1 year two season of harvest, while being suitable for Northwest inland precocity cotton region, especially the North SinKiang etc. in Xinjiang
Ground plantation；Early-medium maturing variety breeding time is 121-130 days, is suitable for wheat-cotton intercropping, while being suitable for Northwest inland cotton region, especially
It is the plantation of the ground such as the South Sinkiang in Xinjiang；Medium variety breeding time is 140 days or so, can only be in Yellow River basin and Yangtze river basin cotton region one
Ripe plantation or culturing and transplanting seedlings.
The Mature breeding of cotton is included in national breeding project since the twentieth century eighties, by 30 years of researches,
Early-maturity cotton kind breeding time by 140 days or so of an original ripe spring cotton, shortens to 110 days or so, cotton in precocious cotton variety
10 and nakamise 16 incubation, push and form the distinctive wheat cotton in China and the ripe cropping system of oily cotton two, alleviate China
Grain and cotton strives the contradiction on ground, early-maturity cotton kind nakamise 50 within 105 days breeding times being bred as on this basis and 100 days,
Nakamise 74 and summer have early established solid foundation for summer sowing for No. 2 etc..Therefore, cotton variety prematureness is effectively improved, is promoted
Blow-of-cottons of blooming are concentrated into cotton, are conducive to mechanized harvest, light simplify plants cotton, is more conducive to the development of modern agriculture.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of breeding methods for improveing cotton prematurity.
The breeding method of improvement cotton prematurity provided by the present invention, specifically may include following steps:
(a) it is female parent with Early maturity cotton material, using mid-early maturity cotton material as male parent, is hybridized, obtain F1Generation；
F1Generation compared with the Early maturity cotton material, nutrient growth is more healthy and stronger, and with the mid-early maturity cotton material
It compares, it is relatively precocious.
(b) with the F1Hybridized on behalf of female parent using early-maturity cotton material as male parent, obtains the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1Generation；From described
Reestablish diplomatic relations F1Selection is relatively precocious compared with it is maternal in generation, and the more healthy and stronger individual of nutrient growth compared with its male parent；It is selected
The F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1It is selfed for individual, obtains the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2Generation.
(c) from the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2Generation in selection with the mid-early maturity cotton material compared with relatively precocity, and with the precocity
Single plant of the cotton material more than Bolls per plant；Selected single plant kind screens precocity relatively from plant and son refers at plant
Relatively high plant；Selected plant kind screens the precocity, high yield that breeding time is 105-110 days at strain from strain
(" high yield " refers to that compared with same type check variety, per mu yield gined cotton increases production 10% or more) strain.
(d) precocious, the high yield strain is postponed into date of seeding plantation, increases Earliness selection pressure, and focus on big bell material
Screening, therefrom selecting relatively precocious, big bell, high yield and stalwartness, (" big bell ", " high yield " and " stalwartness " are those skilled in the art
What member can hold, well known technical term, specifically, " big bell " refers to bell weight 5.5-6.0g；" high yield " refer to it is similar
Type check variety is compared, 10% or more per mu yield gined cotton volume increase；" stalwartness " refers to plant height 80-100cm) cotton strain, be final election
Strain；The final election strain is continued to postpone date of seeding plantation, increases Earliness selection pressure, Comprehensive Evaluation prematureness (" precocity "
Refer to that 10-15 days June was sowed, the topping of field August 5-10 day, October 25, blow-of-cottons rate reached 50% or more) and yielding ability it is (" rich
Produce " refer to compared with same type check variety, 10% or more per mu yield gined cotton volume increase), the final cotton product for being bred as precocious high yield
Kind.
In national variety certification standard, cotton can divide different types of kind, according to the difference of sowing time: have spring cotton
And Shine Early cotton；According to the mode of the production of hybrid seeds point: having hybrid cotton, normal conon；According to the difference of fiber quality: having different types of high-quality
Cotton；According to fiber colour: chromatic colour cotton, Bai Mianhua.In the regional testing before variety certification, as check variety, principle
On, it should be same type with the strain participated in the experiment.The kind that the present invention is bred as is that (fiber quality is type III, fiber to conventional Shine Early cotton
Color is white), compared with same type check variety, 10% or more per mu yield gined cotton volume increase has just reached the standard of variety certification.
Wherein, the Early maturity cotton material breeding time is 95-100 days；The early-maturity cotton material breeding time is 101-
120 days；The mid-early maturity cotton material breeding time is 121-130 days.
In step (a) and (b), parental apolegamy is using mid-early maturity cotton material as bridge, by the morning of Early maturity cotton material
Maturity is combined with the robust growth of mid-early maturity cotton material, the characteristic of well developed root system, then is reestablished diplomatic relations with early-maturity cotton material, to mention
The prematureness of high cotton.
The nutrient growth is more healthy and stronger be presented as plant height 80-100cm, fruit branch number 12-13, boll per plant 12-15,
Root system is more flourishing.
The precocity relatively be presented as 105-110 days breeding time, bloom tie bell faster, blow-of-cottons are smooth and more concentrate.
The method the step of in (c), it is specially boll per plant 12-15 that the Bolls per plant relatively more；Institute
It states son and refers to that relatively high is specially that son refers to 9.5-11.5g.
The method the step of in (c), from the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2The plant height of the single plant selected in generation is specially 80-
100cm, fruit branch number are specially 12-13.
The method the step of in (d), the postponement date of seeding plantation increases Earliness selection pressure concretely: June
It sows within 10-15 days, field Topping Time is August 5-10 days, and blow-of-cottons rate on October 25 is selected to reach 50% or more strain.
The method the step of in (d), the screening for focusing on big bell material concretely selects Single boll weight in 5.5-
The strain of 6.0g.
In one embodiment of the invention, the Early maturity cotton material in the method step (a) be specially in
Cotton institute 74；The mid-early maturity cotton material is specially mountain agriculture SF06；The early-maturity cotton material in step (b) is specially middle cotton
Institute 24；Correspondingly, being finally bred as precocious, high yield cotton line in step (d) is specially 425 in cotton prematurity new lines.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the Early maturity cotton material in the method step (a) is specially
Nakamise 74；The mid-early maturity cotton material is specially nakamise 45；The early-maturity cotton material in step (b) is specially early
425 in ripe wood material；Correspondingly, being finally bred as precocious, high yield cotton line in step (d) is specially in cotton prematurity new lines
619。
The present invention passes through Early maturity, precocity and mid-early maturity parent reasonable selection, early-maturity cotton using mid-early maturity parent as bridge
Son refers to that selection and the synthesis of Postpone sowing time increasing Earliness selection pressure change before the improvement of material trophosome, hereditary offspring sow
Good recipe method improves the prematureness of cotton variety, and the knot bell and bell weight of improved coordination Shine Early cotton.Utilize the morning of this method breeding
Ripe, high yield cotton material refers to larger, and emergence pushes up that native ability is strong, and robust plant, prematureness is good, and blow-of-cottons of blooming are concentrated, adaptability
Extensively.Kind support is provided for cotton mechanization harvest, light simplified plant cotton and agricultural reform.
The present invention has the following advantages that compared with prior art.
1, the present invention is reasonable by parent for mechanized harvest, the light great industry science and technology demand of cotton for simplifying plant cotton
Configuration, nutrient growth improvement, early period refer to selection and postpone the key techniques such as date of seeding increasing Earliness selection pressure, improvement
Cotton prematurity is that breeding breeding time is short, robust growth, yielding ability are good, knot bell flower rate high precocity and high yield by force and before frost
Cotton variety provides technical support.
2, the present invention is changed over relative to existing Shine Early cotton breeding technique to improve the prematureness of cotton, by Shine Early cotton
Cross combination is directly configured with Early maturity cotton, although reduction in the life period, prematureness is improved, and cotton plants trophosome is too small, sternly
Ghost image rings yield and quality.This method, by Early maturity and mid-early maturity parents, it is raw to obtain nutrition using mid-early maturity cotton as bridge
Long healthy and strong first-filial generation, then it is tied the fast Shine Early cotton of bell and hybridized with blooming, early-maturity cotton kind nutrient growth is effectively relieved
Mid-early maturity cotton variety is maintained while improveing cotton prematurity, shortening cotton development stage with the contradiction of reproductive growth
The advantage of growing way strong, big bell and high yield effectively formulates the precocious cotton material of trophosome stalwartness, output increased.
3, early-maturity cotton kind selected by this method refers to larger, and emergence pushes up that native ability is strong, and easy to accomplish " one broadcasts
Full stand ".It as the saying goes " rich buy kind, out of funds to buy seedling ", " in spring every day counts, in summer every hour counts ", in the Yangtze river basin and Yellow River basin cotton region, preceding stubble
Ground is usually the plate stub land after wheat, barley or rape harvest, with turn over after site preparation whitely compared with, emergence condition it is poor, hold
The disconnected ridge that is short of seedling is easily caused, therefore, the emergence top soil ability of cotton variety is particularly important；Early-maturity cotton kind is generally by the end of May to June
Just sowing, early emergence 1 day of cotton, by for the blooming of cotton development later period, tie bell and blow-of-cottons win 2-3 days time, thus really
Protect the yield and quality of Shine Early cotton.Therefore, biggish son refers to and " one broadcasts full stand " not only saving of work and time, but also is early-maturity cotton product
The guarantee of kind yield and quality.
4, the early-maturity cotton varietal adaptation selected by this method is wide, and previous early-maturity cotton kind is raw because of its precocity
Educate that the phase is short, the blade of formation is few and leaf area is small, and Supply of photosynthate is insufficient, and trophosome is small, and cotton boll is less than normal, and plant height is only 70cm
Left and right.The early-maturity cotton kind of this method breeding has introduced mid-early maturity cotton material and has made parent, the sturdy, nutrient growth by its stalk
Healthy and strong advantage blooms to tie the characteristics of bell is fast and blow-of-cottons are concentrated with Shine Early cotton to be combined, and in offspring's screening process, is passed through
Date of seeding is postponed, Earliness selection pressure is increased, so that it is comparatively fast completed growth cycle in the shorter season of growth, the precocity selected
Cotton material is not only suitable for Northwest inland and does a ripe spring cotton seed plant, and it is ripe to be suitable for the Yangtze river basin and Yellow River basin cotton region two
Plantation, adaptability are extensive.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the approach for improveing cotton prematurity.
Specific embodiment
Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
Material as used in the following examples, is commercially available.
Nakamise 74: be recorded in " summer sowing Early maturity Mature Cotton New Variety --- fast, Fan Shuli is set in the analogy of nakamise 74.,
The Cotton such as Song Meizhen, 2010,37 (3): 23~29 " one texts, the public can obtain from applicant, can only be used to repeat this
Invention experiment uses.
Mountain agriculture SF06: " mountain agriculture SF06 feature and cultivation management technology Wang Hongxin, Niu Yuehua, Zhang Xingju are recorded in
Equal Cotton, 2013,40 (5): a 37-37 " text, the public can obtain from applicant, can only be used to repeat present invention experiment
It uses.
Nakamise 24: be recorded in " the analogy tree of new cotton variety nakamise 24. is fast, the Chinese countryside Huang Zhenmao science and technology, and 2000
(11): a 18-18 " text, the public can obtain from applicant, can only be used to repeat present invention experiment use.
Nakamise 45: it is recorded in " analogy tree fast, Fan Shuli, yellow Zhen Mao etc. the of bivalent transgenic cotton against pests nakamise 45. China
Cotton, 2004,31 (3): a 25-26 " text, the public can obtain from applicant, can only be used to repeat present invention experiment use.
The breeding method (Fig. 1) of improvement cotton prematurity provided by the present invention, comprising:
1, parental apolegamy
It is female parent with breeding time 95-100 days Early maturity parent materials, with breeding time 121-130 days premised on precocity
Mid-early maturity parents, F1For breeding time between two parents, female parent is done with it, the morning with breeding time 101-120 days
Ripe mixing breed, reestablish diplomatic relations F1Generation selfing, from F2Segregating generation screens single plant, carries out plant, strain screening and identification later.Make into
The strain of choosing keeps the stronger knot bell of mid-early maturity cotton variety, to reach the breeding mesh of kipeming high yield under the premise of precocity
's.
2, trophosome is improved
The main reason for early-maturity cotton variety yield is low is that nutrient growth is weaker, and the blade of formation is few and leaf area is small, light
It is insufficient to close product, plant height is only 70cm or so.Early-maturity cotton kind is since breeding time is short, and trophosome is small, and cotton boll is less than normal, single
Bell is generally 5.0-5.5g again, prefers the Big Boll cotton flower variety that Single boll weight is 6.0-6.5g, but Big Boll cotton producing upper cotton grower
Flower variety general breeding time is partially long, therefore, improves the nutrient growth of early-maturity cotton kind, ties the fast precocity parent of bell having to bloom
This material and big bell mid-early maturity parent material configure cross combination, make its F1Generation and its progeny cotton nutrient growth are healthy and strong, growth
Development is accelerated, and Supply of photosynthate improves, and plant height reaches 80-100cm, well developed root system, while so that the later period is bloomed and tying bell and significantly add
Fastly, it ties bell blooming and combines fastly with excellent economical character.It blooms in early-maturity cotton kind and ties that bell is fast, blow-of-cottons are smooth and concentrate
On the basis of, import mid-early maturity cotton variety big bell gene, thus enable offspring's early-maturing variety consolidate parent's robust growth,
Tie the feature that bell is fast and bell is big.
3, son refers to selection
Son, which refers to, to be referred to the weight of hundred cottonseeds, is indicated with " g ".The son of upland cotton refers to that generally within the scope of 9-13g, son refers to low
I.e. seed is small, and it is poor that native ability is pushed up in emergence, it is difficult to which " one broadcasts full stand ", cotton plants trophosome is small, influences yield；And seed is excessive,
Though native ability enhancing is pushed up in emergence, the ginning outturn of cotton is reduced, and then influence lint yield, and the cotton material that seed is big,
Breeding time is partially long, influences cotton prematurity.For the prematureness for improving cotton, it is ensured that cotton emerges quality, in Shine Early cotton plant and
In the screening process of strain, in breeding time comparable situation, the son for properly increasing cotton material refers to that is, prematureness is suitable, son
Refer to that the higher person is selected.Early-maturity cotton kind generally screens son and refers to that the seed of 9.5-11.5g is advisable.
4, selection pressure is increased
Early-maturity cotton kind is in the Yangtze river basin and Yellow River basin, generally after preceding crop harvest, mid or late May to June
Just sowing, blow-of-cottons rate can reach 80% before October 25, but with the postponement of date of seeding, cotton boll Single boll weight is dropped to by 5.5-6.0g
4.5-5.0g declines about 1-1.5g, to increase to precocial selection pressure, postpones sowing in 10-15 days date of seeding to June, August 5-
It pinches within 10th, October 25, blow-of-cottons rate reached 50% or more, i.e., within the season of growth of shortening, growth cycle is completed faster,
The cotton material or single plant that Single boll weight is examined or check simultaneously in 5.5g or more are selected, and genetic group offspring passes through the late sowing of continuous 2-3
Screening, prematureness, knot bell and the bell of cotton variety restore improved coordination.
It by above-mentioned selection, can select breeding time 105 days or so, 80% or more rate of flower before frost, robust growth is long
Gesture is strong, plant height 90cm or so, Single boll weight 5.5g or more, and boll per plant 10 or so, fibre length 29mm, specific strength 29cN/tex
Precocity, high yield and high-quality cotton kind.
425 breeding in embodiment 1, cotton prematurity new lines
425 in cotton prematurity new lines, plant is in tower, and leaf color is light green, bell oval, and knot bell is strong, breeding time 107
It, plant height 94.2cm, the first fruit branch section 5.8, fruit branch number 9.8, Bolls per plant 10.5, Single boll weight 6.0g, ginning outturn
39.9%, frost before flower rate 82.6%, frost before 195.3 kilograms of unginned cotton per mu yield, 77.9 kilograms of gined cotton per mu yield.Be suitable for Yellow River basin and
The ripe plantation in Yangtze river basin cotton region two, positive at present to participate in country, Henan Province and Anhui Province's Shine Early cotton regional testing, general performance is prominent
Out.
425 be according to including the following steps breeding in cotton prematurity new lines:
(a) it is female parent with Early maturity cotton variety nakamise 74, using mid-early maturity cotton variety mountain agriculture SF06 as male parent, carries out
Hybridization, obtains F1Generation；F1Generation compared with Early maturity cotton variety nakamise 74 nutrient growth it is more healthy and stronger, and with the mid-early maturity
Agriculture SF06 in cotton variety mountain is precocious compared to relatively；
(b) with F described in step (a)1On behalf of female parent, it is male parent with precocious material nakamise 24, is hybridized, answered
Hand over F1Generation, from the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1Generation in selection with its female parent compared to relatively precocity (105-110 days breeding time, bloom tie bell faster,
Blow-of-cottons are smooth and more concentrate), and nutrient growth more healthy and stronger (the plant height 80-100cm, fruit branch number 12-13, list compared with its male parent
Strain knot bell 12-15, root system are more flourishing) individual；The selected F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1It is selfed for individual, obtains the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2Generation；
(c) from the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2Selection more healthy and stronger (stem of nutrient growth compared with early-maturity cotton kind nakamise 24 in generation
Stalk is sturdy, plant height 80-100cm, and fruit branch number 12-13, boll per plant 12-15, root system is more flourishing), and with the mid-early maturity
Cotton variety mountain agriculture SF06 compared to relatively it is precocious (105-110 days breeding time, bloom tie bell faster, blow-of-cottons are smooth and more concentration) list
Strain；Selected single plant kind at plant, screened from plant it is relatively precocious (105-110 days breeding time, bloom tie bell faster, blow-of-cottons
Freely and more concentrate), son refer to the plant of 9.5-11.5g；Selected plant kind screens breeding time 105-110 at strain from strain
It precocity, high yield (" high yield " refers to that compared with same type check variety, per mu yield gined cotton increases production 10% or more) strain；
(d) precocious, the high yield strain in step (c) is postponed date of seeding, sowing in 10-15 days June increases prematureness choosing
Pressure is selected, pinches within August 5-10 days, selects the cotton strain of 50% or more blow-of-cottons rate on October 25, while focusing on big bell material
Screening, bell weight 5.5g-6.0g, therefrom select it is relatively precocious (105-110 days breeding time, bloom tie bell faster, blow-of-cottons collect freely and more
In), big bell, (" big bell " refers to bell weight 5.5-6.0g for high yield and stalwartness；" high yield " refers to compared with same type check variety, mu
Produce 10% or more gined cotton volume increase；" stalwartness ": cotton strain plant height 80-100cm) is final election strain；By the final election strain after
It is continuous to postpone date of seeding plantation, it increases Earliness selection pressure and (sows within i.e. 10-15 in June days, field Topping Time is August 5-10 days, choosing
Select blow-of-cottons rate on October 25 and reach 50% or more), Comprehensive Evaluation its precocious (" precocity " sowing in i.e. 10-15 in June days, field August 5-
Pinch within 10th, October 25, blow-of-cottons rate reached 50% or more) and get bumper crops that (" high yield " refer to compared with same type check variety, mu
Produce 10% or more gined cotton volume increase) property, to obtain in the cotton prematurity new lines 425, (roguing of fighting to the finish ties up to different year
Prematureness and high yield sex expression are verified, because of some strains, in different year, not due to climatic factors such as light warm water
Together, performance differs greatly, so, strain precocious, that high yield sex expression is stable should be selected in, it is final to be bred as cotton prematurity new lines
In 425).
619 breeding in embodiment 2, cotton prematurity new lines
619 in cotton prematurity new lines, plant is in cartridge type, and dark green leaf color, bell is round, and knot bell is strong, and breeding time 105 days,
Plant height 86.6cm, the first fruit branch section 5.4, fruit branch number 10.5, Bolls per plant 12.1, Single boll weight 5.5g, ginning outturn
42.3%, frost before flower rate 85.2%, frost before 183.1 kilograms of unginned cotton per mu yield, 77.4 kilograms of gined cotton per mu yield.Be suitable for Yellow River basin and
The ripe plantation in Yangtze river basin cotton region two, positive at present to participate in country, Henan Province's Shine Early cotton regional testing, general performance is prominent, while
Aksu of Xinjiang, Tumushuke and Kuerle progress test and demonstration without covering with ground sheeting plant cotton, 600 jin of per mu yield unginned cotton or so,
Technical support is provided to solve the Plastic-film pollution of cotton in Xinjiang.
619 be according to including the following steps breeding in cotton prematurity new lines:
(a) it is female parent with the choosing of Early maturity cotton variety nakamise 74 system, is male parent with mid-early maturity cotton variety nakamise 45,
Hybridized, obtains F1Generation；The F1Generation nutrient growth compared with the Early maturity cotton variety nakamise 74 is more healthy and stronger, and
It is relatively precocious compared with the mid-early maturity cotton variety nakamise 45；
(b) with F described in step (a)1It is paternal hybrid in precocious material 425 on behalf of female parent, obtains the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1Generation, from
The F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1In generation selection with its female parent compared to relatively it is precocious (105-110 days breeding time, bloom tie bell faster, blow-of-cottons freely and
More concentrate), and nutrient growth more healthy and stronger (the plant height 80-100cm, fruit branch number 12-13, boll per plant 12- compared with its male parent
15, root system it is more flourishing) individual；The selected F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1It is selfed for individual, obtains the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2Generation；
(c) from the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2More healthy and stronger (stalk is thick for nutrient growth compared with 425 in early-maturity cotton material for selection in generation
Strong, plant height 80-100cm, fruit branch number 12-13, boll per plant 12-15, root system is more flourishing), and with the mid-early maturity cotton
Kind nakamise 45 compared to relatively it is precocious (105-110 days breeding time, bloom tie bell faster, blow-of-cottons are smooth and more concentration) single plant；
Selected single plant kind at plant, screened from plant it is relatively precocious (105-110 days breeding time, bloom tie bell faster, blow-of-cottons freely and
More concentrate), son refer to the plant of 9.5-11.5g；Selected plant kind is screened breeding time 105-110 days at strain from strain
Precocious, high yield (" high yield " refers to that compared with same type check variety, per mu yield gined cotton increases production 10% or more) strain；
(d) it will be postponed date of seeding with precocious, the high yield strain in step (c), plantation in 10-15 days June increases prematureness
Pressure is selected, pinches within August 5-10 days, selects the cotton strain of 50% or more blow-of-cottons rate on October 25, while focusing on big bell material
Screening, bell weight 5.5g-6.0g, therefrom selection (105-110 days breeding time, bloom tie bell faster, blow-of-cottons are smooth and more concentrate), greatly
(" big bell " refers to bell weight 5.5-6.0g for bell, high yield and stalwartness；" high yield " refers to compared with same type check variety, per mu yield gined cotton
10% or more volume increase；" stalwartness ": cotton strain plant height 80-100cm) is final election strain；The final election strain is continued to postpone
Date of seeding plantation increases Earliness selection pressure and (sows within i.e. 10-15 in June days, field Topping Time is August 5-10 days, selects October
Blow-of-cottons rate reached 50% or more strain on 25th), Comprehensive Evaluation its precocious (" precocity " sowing in i.e. 10-15 in June days, field August 5-
Pinch within 10th, October 25, blow-of-cottons rate reached 50% or more) and get bumper crops that (" high yield " refer to compared with same type check variety, mu
Produce 10% or more gined cotton volume increase) property, to obtain in the cotton prematurity new lines 619, (roguing of fighting to the finish ties up to different year
Prematureness and high yield sex expression are verified, because of some strains, in different year, not due to climatic factors such as light warm water
Together, performance differs greatly, so, strain precocious, that high yield sex expression is stable should be selected in, it is final to be bred as cotton prematurity new lines
In 619).
Claims (5)
1. a kind of breeding method for improveing cotton prematurity, includes the following steps:
(a) it is female parent with Early maturity cotton material, using mid-early maturity cotton material as male parent, is hybridized, obtain F1Generation；
(b) with the F1Hybridized on behalf of female parent using early-maturity cotton material as male parent, obtains the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1Generation；It reestablishes diplomatic relations from described
F1Selection is relatively precocious compared with it is maternal in generation, and the more healthy and stronger individual of nutrient growth compared with its male parent；Selected answers
Hand over F1It is selfed for individual, obtains the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2Generation；
(c) from the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2Generation in selection with the mid-early maturity cotton material compared with relatively precocity, and with the early-maturity cotton material
Single plant of the material more than Bolls per plant；Selected single plant kind screens precocity relatively from plant and son refers to relatively at plant
High plant；Selected plant kind screens the precocity that breeding time is 105-110 days, high yield strain at strain from strain；
(d) precocious, the high yield strain is postponed into date of seeding plantation, increases Earliness selection pressure, and focus on the sieve of big bell material
Choosing therefrom selects the cotton strain of relatively precocious, big bell, high yield and stalwartness, is final election strain；The final election strain is continued to push away
The plantation of late sowing phase increases Earliness selection pressure, Comprehensive Evaluation prematureness and yielding ability, the final cotton for being bred as precocious high yield
Kind；
The Early maturity cotton material breeding time is 95-100 days；The early-maturity cotton material breeding time is 101-120 days；It is described
Mid-early maturity cotton material breeding time is 121-130 days；
The nutrient growth is more healthy and stronger to be presented as plant height 80-100cm, fruit branch number 12-13, boll per plant 12-15, root system
It is more flourishing；
The precocity relatively be presented as 105-110 days breeding time, bloom tie bell faster, blow-of-cottons are smooth and more concentrate；
In step (c), the Bolls per plant is mostly boll per plant 12-15；
In step (c), the son refers to that relatively high is that son refers to 9.5-11.5g.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: in step (c), from the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations2The institute selected in generation
The plant height for stating single plant is 80-100cm, and fruit branch number is 12-13.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: in step (d), the postponement date of seeding plantation increases
Earliness selection pressure are as follows: sowing in 10-15 days June, field Topping Time are August 5-10 days, and blow-of-cottons rate on October 25 is selected to reach
To 50% or more strain.
4. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: in step (d), the sieve for focusing on big bell material
Selection Single boll weight is selected as in the strain of 5.5-6.0g.
5. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the high yield refers to compared with same type check variety,
10% or more per mu yield gined cotton volume increase.
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