CN117084165A - Breeding method of early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton - Google Patents
Breeding method of early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton Download PDFInfo
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- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000082085 Verticillium <Phyllachorales> Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 abstract description 71
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 39
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 9
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009429 Gossypium barbadense Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000299507 Gossypium hirsutum Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009402 cross-breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012925 reference material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009394 selective breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000018322 upland cotton Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/10—Processes for modifying non-agronomic quality output traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits
- A01H1/101—Processes for modifying non-agronomic quality output traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine or caffeine
- A01H1/106—Processes for modifying non-agronomic quality output traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine or caffeine involving fruit development, senescence or ethylene biosynthesis, e.g. modified tomato ripening or cut flower shelf-life
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/12—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield
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- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a breeding method of early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton, which comprises the following steps: hybridizing with Xinlanzao No. 9 as male parent and Ji cotton 169 as female parent to obtain hybridized offspring; screening the filial generation F2 in a natural severe disease area to obtain a plurality of disease-resistant single plants, and then screening the single plants through south-propagation and north-propagation to obtain a cotton high-generation strain which is marked as 110-61k; hybridizing with Xin-Lu-Zao 33 as female parent and 110-61k as male parent to obtain F1 generation to obtain the early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton; the new cotton variety obtained by the breeding method has higher fruit branch number, bell number and yield, and the new variety has shorter growth period, so that the new variety is suitable for planting in Xinjiang areas with shorter frost-free period, and meanwhile, the cotton yield is higher, thereby being beneficial to improving income of cotton farmers.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of cotton breeding, in particular to a breeding method of early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton.
Background
Cotton is an important commercial crop, while Xinjiang is the largest high quality cotton producing area in China. The cotton planting area and yield of Xinjiang over 20 years are at the beginning of each province in China. The northern Jiang cotton-planting area is a main production area of high-quality cotton, and has the problems of rich sunlight, low altitude and high summer temperature, but the effective accumulated temperature is insufficient (about 3600 ℃) and the frost-free period is short (about 180 days). The region requires the growth period of cotton varieties to be promoted to be about 120 days, and the large-area promotion of mechanically-picked cotton in recent years has more strict requirements on the growth period of cotton, so that the cotton varieties promoted in northern Jiang regions are mostly self-bred early-maturing upland cotton.
Cotton aggregates a variety of cotton of many desirable traits and provides production applications, which are critical to the yield increase of cotton and the long-term development of the industry. Conventional breeding methods mainly comprise selective breeding, sexual cross breeding, cross dominant breeding, mutation breeding and the like. At present, a plurality of new cotton varieties are cultivated and applied to production, but with the continuous improvement of the cotton production level, the problems of breakthrough and few excessively hard varieties are obviously displayed, the varieties bred in recent years have wandering in yield, poor yield stability, poor disease resistance and unstable cotton production income, and the cotton planting enthusiasm of farmers is influenced. Cotton heterosis can be utilized to simultaneously increase cotton yield, improve fiber quality and enhance resistance. The hybrid cotton is easier to polymerize and has high yield, multiple antibodies and better quality than the conventional cotton, and the popularization and application of the hybrid cotton can further lead the Xinjiang cotton area to develop forward.
In view of this, the present application has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a breeding method of early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton, and the cotton strain obtained by the breeding method has excellent properties such as early maturing, high yield and the like, is suitable for planting in a region with short frost-free period, and can increase income of cotton farmers.
In order to achieve the above object of the present application, the following technical solutions are specifically adopted:
the application provides a breeding method of early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton, which comprises the following steps:
(a) Hybridizing with Xinlanzao No. 9 as male parent and Ji cotton 169 as female parent to obtain hybridized offspring;
(b) Screening the filial generation F2 in a natural severe disease area to obtain a plurality of disease-resistant single plants, and then screening the single plants through south-propagation and north-propagation to obtain a cotton high-generation strain which is marked as 110-61k;
(c) And (3) hybridizing with Xin-Lu-Zao 33 as female parent and 110-61k as male parent to obtain F1 generation to obtain the early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton.
Preferably, the crossing comprises collecting pollen from the male parent and pollinating the emasculated female parent.
Preferably, the natural severe land is a verticillium wilt land.
Preferably, in the step (b), the north-south breeding selection comprises:
and (3) carrying out a plant row comparison test on a plurality of disease-resistant single plants, screening early-maturing high-quality single plants, carrying out generation propagation on a Hainan base, accelerating homozygosity, obtaining a plurality of strains after selfing for 3-8 generations, and screening the optimal strain through a strain comparison test.
Preferably, the screening of the high-quality single plants is the screening of the single plants with early maturity, high quality and strong ringing.
In the application, the premature is that the growth period is less than or equal to 120 days; disease resistance refers to resistance to wilting and yellowing; high quality means that the fiber length is more than or equal to 29mm, the specific strength of the fiber is more than or equal to 30cN/tex, and the micronaire value is more than grade B; the ringing performance is strong and is more than 6 effective ringing numbers of a single plant; disease resistance refers to resistance to wilting and yellowing.
Preferably, the screening of the best line is screening of early maturing, high quality, high yield lines.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that at least:
the new cotton variety obtained by the breeding method has higher fruit branch number, bell number and yield, and meanwhile, the growth period of the new variety is shorter, specifically 112 days, so that the new cotton variety obtained by the breeding method is suitable for planting in a Xinjiang area with shorter frost-free period, and meanwhile, the cotton yield is higher, and the income of cotton farmers is improved.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the technical scheme of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present application, and thus are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
It is noted that unless otherwise indicated, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
The embodiment of the application provides a breeding method of early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton, which comprises the following steps of:
(a) Hybridizing the Xinlanzao No. 9 line serving as a male parent and Ji cotton 169 serving as a female parent to obtain a hybrid offspring;
(b) Screening the filial generation F2 in a natural severe disease area to obtain a plurality of disease-resistant single plants, and then screening the single plants through south-propagation and north-propagation to obtain a cotton high-generation strain which is marked as 110-61k;
(c) And (3) hybridizing with Xin-Lu-Zao 33 as female parent and 110-61k as male parent to obtain F1 generation to obtain the early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton.
The new cotton variety obtained by the breeding method has higher fruit branch number, bell number and yield, and meanwhile, the growth period of the new variety is shorter, specifically 112 days, so that the new cotton variety obtained by the breeding method is suitable for planting in a Xinjiang area with shorter frost-free period, and meanwhile, the cotton yield is higher, and the income of cotton farmers is improved.
In one embodiment, the crossing includes collecting pollen from the male parent and pollinating the emasculated female parent.
The specific disease species of the natural severe land in the present application is not strictly limited, and may be selected according to actual needs, and in an embodiment, the natural severe land may be a verticillium wilt land.
The specific process of north and south breeding is not strictly limited in the application, and a person skilled in the art can perform routine selection according to actual needs, preferably, in one embodiment, the screening of north and south breeding in the step (b) may include:
and (3) carrying out a plant row comparison test on a plurality of disease-resistant single plants, screening early-maturing high-quality single plants, carrying out generation propagation on a Hainan base, accelerating homozygosity, obtaining a plurality of strains after selfing for 3-8 generations, and screening the optimal strain through a strain comparison test.
In one embodiment, the screening of high quality individuals is screening of early maturing, high quality, high bell-forming individuals.
In the application, the premature is that the growth period is less than or equal to 120 days; disease resistance refers to resistance to wilting and yellowing; high quality means that the fiber length is more than or equal to 29mm, the specific strength of the fiber is more than or equal to 30cN/tex, and the micronaire value is more than grade B; the ringing performance is strong and is more than 6 effective bell numbers of a single plant.
In one embodiment, the screening for the best line is screening for early maturing, high quality, high yield lines.
The technical scheme of the application is further described in detail through specific examples.
The following examples and comparative examples use natural severe sites that are both natural verticillium sites;
premature refers to a growth period of less than or equal to 120 days; disease resistance refers to resistance to wilting and yellowing; high quality means that the fiber length is more than or equal to 29mm, the specific strength of the fiber is more than or equal to 30cN/tex, and the micronaire value is more than grade B; the ringing performance is strong and is more than 6 effective bell numbers of a single plant.
Example 1
The embodiment is a breeding method of early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton, which comprises the following steps:
(a) Hybridizing with Xin-Lu-Zao 9 as male parent and Ji-cotton 169 as female parent to obtain hybrid offspring, wherein the hybridization comprises collecting pollen of male parent and pollinating emasculated female parent;
(b) Screening the filial generation F2 in a natural severe disease field to obtain a plurality of disease-resistant single plants, carrying out a plant row comparison test on the plurality of disease-resistant single plants, screening early-maturing, high-quality and high-ringing single plants, continuing Hainan additional generation propagation, selfing for 3-8 generations to obtain a plurality of strains, and screening the early-maturing, high-quality and high-yield optimal strain through the strain comparison test to obtain a cotton high-generation strain which is marked as 110-61k;
(c) And (3) hybridizing with Xin-Lu-Zao 33 as female parent and 110-61k as male parent to obtain F1 generation to obtain the early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example is a breeding method of early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton, which comprises the following steps:
(a) Hybridization is carried out by taking Jincotton 18 as a male parent and Xinjingzao No. 13 as a female parent to obtain a filial generation, wherein the hybridization comprises collecting pollen of the male parent and pollinating the emasculated female parent;
(b) Screening the filial generation F2 in a natural severe disease field to obtain a plurality of disease-resistant single plants, carrying out a plant row comparison test on the plurality of disease-resistant single plants, screening the single plants with early maturity, high quality and strong ringing property, continuing to carry out generation propagation, selfing for 3-8 generations to obtain a plurality of strains, and screening the strain with early maturity, high quality and optimal high yield through the strain comparison test to obtain a cotton high-generation strain which is marked as Jin Hui number 2;
(c) And (3) hybridizing with Xinlandia No. 33 as female parent and Jin Hui No. 2 as male parent to obtain F1 generation to obtain the early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example is a breeding method of early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton, which comprises the following steps:
(a) Hybridization is carried out by taking Xin-Lu-Zao 22 as a male parent and Liao-cotton 12 as a female parent to obtain a filial generation, wherein the hybridization comprises collecting pollen of the male parent and pollinating the emasculated female parent;
(b) Screening the filial generation F2 in a natural severe disease field to obtain a plurality of disease-resistant single plants, carrying out a plant row comparison test on the plurality of disease-resistant single plants, screening the single plants with early maturity, high quality and good boll formation, continuing to carry out generation propagation, selfing for 3-8 generations to obtain a plurality of strains, and screening the strain with early maturity, high quality and optimal high yield through the strain comparison test to obtain a cotton high-generation strain which is recorded as 111-43-50;
(c) And (3) hybridizing with Xin-Lu-Zao 33 as female parent and 111-43-50 as male parent to obtain F1 generation to obtain the early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example is a breeding method of early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton, which comprises the following steps:
(a) Hybridization is carried out by taking Xin-Lu-Zao No. 32 as a male parent and Liao-Miao No. 19 as a female parent to obtain a filial generation, wherein the hybridization comprises collecting pollen of the male parent and pollinating the emasculated female parent;
(b) Screening the filial generation F2 in a natural severe disease field to obtain a plurality of disease-resistant single plants, carrying out a plant row comparison test on the plurality of disease-resistant single plants, screening the single plants with early maturity, high quality and good boll formation, continuing to carry out generation propagation, selfing for 3-8 generations to obtain a plurality of strains, and screening the strain with early maturity, high quality and optimal high yield through the strain comparison test to obtain a cotton high-generation strain which is marked as 115-23;
(c) And (3) hybridizing with Xin-Lu-Zao 33 as female parent and 115-23 as male parent to obtain F1 generation to obtain the early maturing high yield hybrid cotton.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example is a breeding method of early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton, which comprises the following steps:
(a) Hybridization is carried out by taking Xinlandzao No. 22 as a male parent and Dan Yuan 345 as a female parent to obtain a filial generation, wherein the hybridization comprises the steps of collecting pollen of the male parent and pollinating the emasculated female parent;
(b) Screening the filial generation F2 in a natural severe disease field to obtain a plurality of disease-resistant single plants, carrying out a plant row comparison test on the plurality of disease-resistant single plants, screening the single plants with early maturity, high quality and good boll formation, continuing to carry out generation propagation, selfing for 3-8 generations to obtain a plurality of strains, and screening the strain with early maturity, high quality and optimal high yield through the strain comparison test to obtain a cotton high-generation strain which is recorded as 1-13;
(c) And (3) hybridizing with Xinlunzao 33 as female parent and 1-13 as male parent to obtain F1 generation to obtain the early maturing high yield hybrid cotton.
Experimental example
Comparative tests were performed on the hybrid cotton lines obtained in example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 4, respectively;
the test method comprises the following steps:
1. reference materials, hybrid cotton lines obtained in example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 4, control variety Xinqianzao 44;
2. test design
Random block arrangement, 3 times repetition, 5m row length, 30+60cm row spacing, 4 row area, 8.5m cell area 2 The plant spacing is 12cm, the density is 12000 plants/mu, and the test strain (seed) is planted in a hospital test field.
3. Observation and record
And (3) observing and recording the growth period and main agronomic characters of the test strain (seed) during the test period, and analyzing the growth process, agronomic characters, yield and the like according to the test result.
4. Basic conditions and cultivation management of test lands:
the cotton is the same as the conventional cotton.
5. Test results
The test results were measured and counted from the growth period, agronomic traits, quality and yield, see in particular tables 1 to 4.
Table 1 test lines (seed) fertility progress and fertility period
TABLE 2 agronomic traits of test lines (seed)
TABLE 3 test line (seed) indoor test and quality analysis results
TABLE 4 analysis of yield of test lines (species)
As can be seen from tables 1 to 4:
the new cotton variety obtained by the breeding method has a short growth and development period, and simultaneously has a high bell number, and the yield of cotton is obviously improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the application, and are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims and description.
Claims (7)
1. A method for breeding early maturing high yield hybrid cotton, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) Hybridizing with Xinlanzao No. 9 as male parent and Ji cotton 169 as female parent to obtain hybridized offspring;
(b) Screening the filial generation F2 in a natural severe disease area to obtain a plurality of disease-resistant single plants, and then screening the single plants through south-propagation and north-propagation to obtain a cotton high-generation strain which is marked as 110-61k;
(c) And (3) hybridizing with Xin-Lu-Zao 33 as female parent and 110-61k as male parent to obtain F1 generation to obtain the early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the crossing comprises collecting pollen from the male parent and pollinating the emasculated female parent.
3. The method for breeding early maturing high yield hybrid cotton according to claim 1, wherein the natural severe land is a verticillium wilt land.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step (b), the selection of north and south breeding comprises:
and (3) carrying out a plant row comparison test on a plurality of disease-resistant single plants, screening early-maturing high-quality single plants, carrying out generation propagation on a Hainan base, obtaining a plurality of strains after 3-8 generation of selfing, and screening the optimal strains through a strain comparison test.
5. The method for breeding early-maturing high-yield hybrid cotton according to claim 4, wherein the screening of early-maturing high-quality individuals is screening of early-maturing high-quality individuals with high bollability.
6. The method for breeding early maturing high yield hybrid cotton according to claim 5, wherein the early maturing is a growth period of 120 days or less; the high quality is that the fiber length is more than or equal to 29mm, the specific strength of the fiber is more than or equal to 30cN/tex, and the micronaire value is more than grade B; the ringing performance is strong and is more than 6 effective bell numbers of a single plant.
7. The method for breeding early maturing high yield hybrid cotton according to claim 4, wherein the selection of the optimal strain is selection of an early maturing, high quality, high yield strain.
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