CN107278880A - One grow cotton merit polymerize kind breeding method - Google Patents
One grow cotton merit polymerize kind breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107278880A CN107278880A CN201710648208.8A CN201710648208A CN107278880A CN 107278880 A CN107278880 A CN 107278880A CN 201710648208 A CN201710648208 A CN 201710648208A CN 107278880 A CN107278880 A CN 107278880A
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- cotton
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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Abstract
Cotton breeding technical field of the present invention, disclose one grow cotton merit polymerize kind breeding method, select 1 good quality and high output parental varieties as genetic improvement recipient subject;Several male parent varieties of the selection with objective trait, carry out one-to-many crossbreeding, mix and receive hybridization bell F1Generation, miscegenation hybridization bell F1Generation and the hybridization bell F for harvesting merit2In generation, continue Nan Fanbei and educate adding generation, selfing forms some strains after 4 generations, eventually passes through official test, obtain cotton merit polymerization kind.The breeding method is by the hybridization combo of one-to-one pollination, it is changed to the hybridization combo of one-to-many pollination, improve the maternal selectivity to male parent, the coordinate force excavated between kind, it polymerize multiple merits in a kind, shorten the nearly half of the breeding time limit, improve breed of variety efficiency, improve genetic improvement efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cotton breeding technical field, and in particular to one grow cotton merit polymerize kind cultivation side
Method.
Background technology
China breeder creates to improve based on yield using systematic breeding means from 1950s
High yield germplasm materials;CCRI 12 and nasal mucus cotton No. 3 etc. have been bred as using crossbreeding technology have influential after the sixties
Kind, conventional breeding combined mutagenesis breeding technique is bred as Ji cotton No. 8, the radiation germplasm such as No. 1;One is bred as using distant hybridization means
Large quantities of distinguished germ plasm materials with wild germplasm;The later stage eighties, genetic engineering breeding makes a breakthrough in cotton,
The first transgenic cotton against pests come out in the U.S., are flourished from this cotton gene Engineering Breeding.China is utilizing gene work
Journey also achieves very great achievement in terms of creating cotton new germ plasm, has cloned bt-cotton gene, is bred as transgenosis unit price pest-resistant
Cotton and transgenosis divalent insect-resistant cotton, have also cultivated the resisting verticillium germplasm for turning chitinase gene, rotate object angle GFP and change
The germplasm of kind fiber quality.
In a word, existing germplasm resource for cotton improvement is man-to-man miscellaneous to be carried out between a kind and another kind
Hand over transformation.Maternal to male parent non-selectivity because being man-to-man hybridization combo, there is incompatibility between some kinds causes
Coordinate force is low, and the character of polymerization is single, and the breed improvement time limit time is long, and genetic improvement efficiency is low.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provide one grow cotton merit polymerize kind breeding method, solve
Man-to-man hybridization combo in the prior art, maternal to male parent non-selectivity, there is incompatibility between some kinds causes
Coordinate force is low, and the character of polymerization is single, and the breed improvement time limit time is long, the problem of genetic improvement efficiency is low.
The breeding method for the merit polymerization kind that grown cotton it is an object of the invention to provide one, comprises the following steps:
S1, selects the parental varieties of 1 good quality and high output as the recipient subject of genetic improvement;Selection has objective trait
Multiple male parent varieties, draw the pollen of each male parent varieties respectively, the pollen of all absorptions are put into a container, Ran Houchong
Divide pollen mixture, form many paternal pollens with each objective trait;
S2, carries out artificial hybridization transformation:During maternal and male parent flower synchronization, afternoon on the previous day peels off the hero of flower of female parent
Stamen, morning next day after paternal pollen is distributed, collects many paternal pollens, then with many paternal pollens to the previous day according to S1 method
The gynoecium of the successful flower of female parent of emasculation carries out pollination transformation, mixes and receives hybridization bell F1Generation;
S3, southern miscegenation hybridization bell F1Generation, from hybridization bell F1For the individual plant that outward appearance high-quality is chosen in miscegenation colony, formed miscellaneous
Hand over bell F2Generation, and to hybridization bell F2Detect yield, quality one by one for individual plant, select the hybridization bell F of high yield and high quality2Individual plant continues to try
Test;
S4, to the hybridization bell F of selection2Individual plant carries out plant comparative test, identifies yield, the quality of each plant cotton,
Pest-resistant, disease-resistant, the precocious economical character in field is investigated, is chosen with objective trait and Comprehensive Traits preferably some plants, after
Continuous Nan Fanbei educates adding generation, and selfing forms some strains after 4 generations, and kind is carried out in Zhu Zai areas to some strains of formation
Comparative test, chooses optimal strain and enters official test, obtains cotton merit polymerization kind.
It is preferred that, above-mentioned cotton merit polymerize in the breeding method of kind, S1, and female parent is CCRI 50, many male parents
Pollen grinds 21 paternal pollens for amounting to 3 kinds comprising middle plant cotton No. 2, Anhui cotton No. 13, Shandong cotton;The cotton Optimality obtained in S5
Shape polymerization kind is that Anhui cotton grinds 121.
It is preferred that, above-mentioned cotton merit polymerize in the breeding method of kind, S3, peels off the time of the stamen of flower of female parent
For 15:00-20:00.
It is preferred that, above-mentioned cotton merit polymerize in the breeding method of kind, S4, and choosing has objective trait and synthesis
The preferable plant quantity of character is 10 strains of formation after 10, and 4 generations of selfing, and 10 strains to formation are planted main
Area carries out variety test, chooses optimal strain and enters official test, obtains cotton merit polymerization kind.
Compared with prior art, the breeding method for the cotton merit polymerization kind that the present invention is provided has following beneficial
Effect:
(1) the hybridization combo of one-to-one pollination is changed to the hybridization combo of one-to-many pollination, carried by breeding method of the invention
The high maternal selectivity to male parent, the coordinate force excavated between kind polymerize multiple merits in a kind;To hybridization
Bell handle is fastened red line and marked, it is ensured that the purity of hybridization bell is 100%.
(2) hybridization bell F1Educated plus for miscegenation Superior line for the numerous north in cotton seeds south, the genotype of kind is further carried out
Restructuring, character further polymerize.It is preferred that hybridization bell F2Individual plant, and to selected hybridization bell F2Individual plant begins to detect production one by one
Amount, quality and eliminated.Nan Fanbei educates increase from generation to generation, shortens the nearly half of the breeding time limit, was reduced to for 4 years by 7 years, carries
High breed of variety efficiency, improves genetic improvement efficiency.
Therefore, this research polymerize varietal character to improving cotton breeding level, cultivates breakthrough cotton variety, promotes cotton
Colored production, improves the income of peasant, has to building Socialist New and greatly facilitates effect.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, but should not be construed as the limitation of the present invention.It is following
The test method of unreceipted actual conditions, is generally operated according to normal condition in embodiment, due to not being related to inventive point, therefore not right
Its step is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
The present invention provide one grow cotton merit polymerize kind breeding method, specifically include following steps:
S1, selects the kind of maternal CCRI 50 of 1 good quality and high output as the recipient subject of genetic improvement;Selection has mesh
Multiple male parent varieties of character are marked, the pollen of each male parent varieties is drawn respectively using the special starch absorbing device of cotton pollen, will be all
The pollen of absorption is put into a container, is then sufficiently mixed pollen, forms many paternal pollens with each objective trait;Its
In, many paternal pollens grind 21 paternal pollens for amounting to 3 kinds comprising middle plant cotton No. 2, Anhui cotton No. 13, Shandong cotton;
S2, carries out artificial hybridization transformation:April plants the female parent and male parent varieties of selection in northern Anhui, it is maternal with
During male parent flower synchronization, afternoon 15 on the previous day:00 or 15:00-20:The stamen of flower of female parent is peelled off between 00, with red line
The successful anthocaulus of emasculation is tied down, as indicia, morning next day, after paternal pollen is distributed, many fathers were collected according to S1 method
This pollen, then carries out pollination transformation with many paternal pollens to the gynoecium of the successful flower of female parent of previous day emasculation, mixes and receives hybridization bell F1
In generation, is (by all hybridization bell F for hybridizing and obtaining1Mixed after harvest);
Wherein, the hybridization bell F picked1The bell handle in generation, which must have, fastens red coloration wire tag mark, forbids to mix, it is ensured that F1
The purity of generation hybridization bell is 100%;
S3, in the same year, November is in Hainan miscegenation hybridization bell F1Generation, the genotype of improved seeds is further recombinated, property
Shape further polymerize;From hybridization bell F1For the individual plant that outward appearance high-quality is chosen in miscegenation colony, hybridization bell F is formed2Generation, and to hybridization
Bell F2Detect yield, quality one by one for individual plant, select the F of high yield and high quality2Individual plant continues to test, and improves breed of variety efficiency;
S5, to the F of selection2Individual plant carries out plant comparative test, identifies yield, the quality of each plant cotton resource, examines
The economical characters such as field is pest-resistant, disease-resistant, precocious are examined, choosing has objective trait and preferable 10 plants of Comprehensive Traits, continued
Nan Fanbei educates adding generation, and 10 strains are formed after 4 generations of selfing;That is cotton variety annual April is in Anhui self propagated 1
Season is a generation, and then November, 4 generations of selfing were time-consuming 2 years in the season of Hainan self propagated 1;
10 strains to formation carry out variety test in Zhu Zai areas (Anhui region), and the optimal strain of selection enters method
Fixed experiment (correlation test that legal new variety of plant authorization mechanism is carried out), obtains cotton merit polymerization kind Anhui cotton and grinds
121.Anhui cotton grinds 121 and is now stored in Inst. of Cotton, Anhui Prov. Academy of Agriculture, specific address Hefei City Luyang District Nong Ke South Roads
No. 40.
1st, Anhui cotton grinds 121 botanical character and biological characteristics:
Plant is shorter, and plant type is compact, and cane is healthy and strong, microvillus, in tower.Blade is emerald green, median size.Regularity compared with
Good, growing way is strong.Bell is larger, oval, and knot bell is strong, and blow-of-cottons are smooth, and wadding color is pure white.Maturity is suitable, 108 days breeding times, plant height
80.5cm, the first fruit branch section position is 5.6, strain fruit branch number 13, boll per plant 22.8, Single boll weight 5.2g, ginning outturn 42.3%, son
Refer to flower rate 96.72% before 10.23g, mote rate 3.01%, frost.
2nd, Anhui cotton grinds 121 yield and quality and resistance:
Variety test in 2013, increase yield significantly.Unginned cotton per mu yield 226Kg, than control CCRI 50 volume increase 14.81%;
Gined cotton per mu yield 90.12Kg, than control CCRI 50 volume increase 15.16%.
Variety test in 2014, increase yield significantly.Unginned cotton per mu yield 210.5Kg, than control CCRI 50 volume increase 13.6%;
Gined cotton per mu yield 89.04Kg, than control CCRI 50 volume increase 13.9%.
Fiber quality test result in 2013:Upper half mean length 30.1mm, regularity 84.53%, mic value
4.26, elongation 5.86%, specific strength 31.3cN/tex.
2013 through CCRI Disease garden identification:Droop index 14.9, resistance to droop, verticillium wilt index 22.6, resistance to Huang withers
Disease.
The hybridization combo of one-to-one pollination is changed to the hybridization combo of one-to-many pollination by the breeding method of the present invention, is improved
The maternal selectivity to male parent, the coordinate force excavated between kind polymerize multiple merits in a kind;To the bell of hybridization
Handle is fastened red line and marked, it is ensured that the purity of hybridization bell is 100%.
Hybridize bell F1Educated for the numerous north in cotton seeds south plus for miscegenation Superior line, the genotype of kind further carries out weight
Group, character further polymerize.It is preferred that hybridization bell F2Individual plant, and to selected hybridization bell F2Individual plant begin to detect one by one yield,
Quality and eliminated.Nan Fanbei educates increase from generation to generation, shortens the nearly half of the breeding time limit, was reduced to for 4 years by 7 years, improves
Breed of variety efficiency, improves genetic improvement efficiency.The new varieties Anhui cotton cultivated in above-described embodiment 1 grind 121 be will be multiple excellent
Benign shape polymerize in the new cotton variety of one.
It should be noted that in order to prevent from repeating, description of the invention preferred embodiment 1 and effect, although having retouched
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been stated, but those skilled in the art once know basic creative concept, then can be to this
A little embodiments make other change and modification.So, appended claims are intended to be construed to include preferred embodiment and fall
Enter the scope of the invention has altered and changes.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out the essence of various changes and modification without departing from the present invention to the present invention
God and scope.So, if these modifications and variations of the present invention belong to the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to comprising including these changes and modification.
Claims (4)
1. one grow cotton merit polymerize kind breeding method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
S1, selects the parental varieties of 1 good quality and high output as the recipient subject of genetic improvement;Selection is multiple with objective trait
Male parent varieties, draw the pollen of each male parent varieties respectively, and the pollen of all absorptions is put into a container, then fully mixed
Pollen is closed, many paternal pollens with each objective trait are formed;
S2, carries out artificial hybridization transformation:During maternal and male parent flower synchronization, the stamen of flower of female parent is peelled off afternoon on the previous day, it is secondary
Morning day after paternal pollen is distributed, collects many paternal pollens, then with many paternal pollens to previous day emasculation according to S1 method
The gynoecium of successful flower of female parent carries out pollination transformation, mixes and receives hybridization bell F1Generation;
S3, southern miscegenation hybridization bell F1Generation, from hybridization bell F1For the individual plant that outward appearance high-quality is chosen in miscegenation colony, hybridization bell is formed
F2Generation, and to hybridization bell F2Detect yield, quality one by one for individual plant, select the hybridization bell F of high yield and high quality2Individual plant continues to test;
S4, to the hybridization bell F of selection2Individual plant carries out plant comparative test, identifies yield, the quality of each plant cotton, investigates field
Between pest-resistant, disease-resistant, precocious economical character, choose with objective trait and Comprehensive Traits preferably some plants, continue south numerous
Adding generation is educated in north, and selfing forms some strains after 4 generations, and variety protection examination is carried out in Zhu Zai areas to some strains of formation
Test, choose optimal strain and enter official test, obtain cotton merit polymerization kind.
2. cotton merit according to claim 1 polymerize the breeding method of kind, it is characterised in that in S1, maternal
For CCRI 50, many paternal pollens grind 21 paternal pollens for amounting to 3 kinds comprising middle plant cotton No. 2, Anhui cotton No. 13, Shandong cotton;S5
In obtain cotton merit polymerization kind be Anhui cotton grind 121.
3. cotton merit according to claim 1 polymerize the breeding method of kind, it is characterised in that in S3, peel off
The time of the stamen of flower of female parent is 15:00-20:00.
4. cotton merit according to claim 1 polymerize the breeding method of kind, it is characterised in that in S4, choose
It is to form 10 strains after 10, and 4 generations of selfing with objective trait and the preferable plant quantity of Comprehensive Traits, to shape
Into 10 strains in Zhu Zai areas carry out variety test, choose optimal strain and enter official test, obtain cotton Optimality
Shape polymerize kind.
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Cited By (6)
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CN108012918A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-11 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | A kind of breeding method for polymerizeing cotton yield character |
CN109042301A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-21 | 新疆守信种业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of new varieties HC-159 selection of no film cotton |
CN109479660A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-03-19 | 安徽省农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of accurate breeding method of short season cotton new varieties |
CN109997682A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-12 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of breeding method of the hybridization polymerization high-quality character of cotton |
CN115804338A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-03-17 | 新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Sea island cotton breeding method |
CN115918524A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-04-07 | 河北省农林科学院棉花研究所(河北省农林科学院特种经济作物研究所) | High-quality high-yield multi-resistance cotton breeding method based on multi-male-parent selection |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108012918A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-11 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | A kind of breeding method for polymerizeing cotton yield character |
CN109042301A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-21 | 新疆守信种业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of new varieties HC-159 selection of no film cotton |
CN109479660A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-03-19 | 安徽省农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of accurate breeding method of short season cotton new varieties |
CN109997682A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-12 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of breeding method of the hybridization polymerization high-quality character of cotton |
CN109997682B (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2021-02-26 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Breeding method for hybrid polymerized cotton with high-quality characters |
CN115918524A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-04-07 | 河北省农林科学院棉花研究所(河北省农林科学院特种经济作物研究所) | High-quality high-yield multi-resistance cotton breeding method based on multi-male-parent selection |
CN115918524B (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-08-15 | 河北省农林科学院棉花研究所(河北省农林科学院特种经济作物研究所) | High-quality high-yield multi-resistance cotton breeding method based on multi-male parent selection |
CN115804338A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-03-17 | 新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Sea island cotton breeding method |
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Application publication date: 20171024 |