CN115918524A - High-quality high-yield multi-resistance cotton breeding method based on multi-male-parent selection - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-quality high-yield multi-resistance cotton breeding method based on multi-male-parent selection in the field of agricultural planting, which comprises the steps of selecting more than two male-parent groups to hybridize a single female parent, selecting filial generations with the most target characters after hybridizing for a plurality of generations, comparing the filial generations with female parent and male parent groups respectively, searching samples with non-repetitive defects of the filial generations and the female parent and male parent groups for backcrossing, comparing newly obtained filial generation groups after backcrossing is completed, then screening the sub-generation groups closest to the target characters for selfing, and obtaining cotton seeds with stable characters after selfing for at least 2 times.

Description

High-quality high-yield multi-resistance cotton breeding method based on multi-male-parent selection

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a high-quality high-yield multi-resistance cotton breeding method based on multi-male-parent selection.

Background

Cotton is the major economic crop in china. As a strategic material, the position of the cotton fiber in the national economy is very important. Cotton is an important natural textile fiber crop, an important seed oil crop and an important food and feed resource, but the dispersibility, repeatability, hysteresis, lagging, shortness of term and low benefit in cotton breeding limit the improvement of the breeding level, and a new step is formed in cotton breeding work by actively facing challenges and opportunities and adopting corresponding countermeasures and measures.

In order to achieve the above purpose, CN109971772A discloses a breeding method of low temperature resistant cotton varieties, which mainly utilizes molecular marker technology and genetic engineering (gene induction, injection transformation) to transform AhCMO gene into cotton varieties, and selects materials with high AhCMO gene expression to realize breeding of low temperature cotton varieties.

Although the above-mentioned scheme utilizes biotechnology to cultivate variety, all codons have not been decoded so far due to the complexity of genetic engineering, the above-mentioned scheme is feasible for cultivating single advantage of cotton, but cotton seeds with more excellent characters cannot be cultivated, and simultaneously, due to the incompleteness of gene decoding, many purposes which need to be realized in the breeding process cannot be cultivated by utilizing biotechnology, and multiple excellent varieties of cotton seeds need to be cultivated by systematic breeding.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a breeding method for systematically breeding high-yield high-quality multi-resistance cotton with various advantages.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for breeding cotton based on multiple male parents includes such steps as choosing more than two male parent groups to hybridize with a single female parent, choosing the filial generation with the most target characteristics after several generations of hybridization, comparing it with the mother and male parent groups, finding the sample with non-repeating defects between filial generation and mother and male parent groups, backcrossing, comparing the newly obtained first filial generation groups, screening out the first filial generation group with the most target characteristics, selfing for at least 2 times to obtain stable cotton seeds.

Further, the method also comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting a female parent and a male parent, and selecting plants in a field in the selection process;

s2, planting, namely after soil preparation and fertilization are carried out on soil, husking the seeds, selecting full seeds, carrying out a germination experiment, and then carrying out close planting;

s3, pollinating multiple male parents, namely, manually castrating the female parents, then taking pollen from the crowns of the cotton plants of the male parents by using a pollen taking device, mixing the pollen taken out of different male parents in the pollen taking device, and then pollinating each female parent;

s4, screening the filial generations, namely positioning and distinguishing target characters by using a gene marking method, and screening the filial generation closest to the requirement;

s5, in the backcross process, character and gene marker selection is carried out in the maternal or paternal group, and the filial generation with the most excellent target character is backcrossed with the maternal or paternal group, so that a new sub-generation group is formed, and dominant species are screened out again from the sub-generation group;

and S6, removing recessive genes, selfing the dominant species for at least two generations, and thus obtaining cotton seeds with stable characters.

Further, in the step S1, three groups of factors are observed in the plant selection process, wherein the first group is the number of bolls, the size of bolls and the boll opening time, and single plants with high yield and early maturity are selected, the second group is that after the female parent is selected, a certain character cannot be excessively pursued in the screening of the male parent, and the repeated defects of the male parent and the female parent should be avoided, and the third group is a relaxation requirement that the terrain is considered, the relaxation requirement is greatly influenced by the adjacent plant type in the close planting process, and a tightening requirement is required for the shortening of the adjacent plant type.

Further, in the step S2, the sandy loam which is flat and convenient for irrigation and drainage and has fertile plough layer is selected to fertilize the soil; coating the fertilizer in the ridges during ridging;

sowing in the middle and last ten days of 4 months at a density of 45000-75000 pits per centimeter, 2 seeds per pit;

further, the powder taking device in the step S3 comprises an extending part, a body part and a tail part which are connected with each other, the extending part comprises jaws which are hinged with each other, one side of each jaw, far away from the tail part, is provided with a sharp corner, the sharp corner comprises a left sharp corner and a right sharp corner, the left sharp corner and the right sharp corner are in arc transition connection, and the sharp corner is hinged with a vertical supporting rod;

body portion wraps up in branch, and body portion includes casing, scoop, extrusion portion and energy storage portion, extrusion portion includes the briquetting of mutual opposition, is connected with the torsional spring between briquetting and the casing, briquetting sliding connection in casing, and the briquetting is connected in branch, in the scoop submerges body portion, and the vertical slip of scoop along body portion, the intermediate position of scoop articulates there is the knock-out lever, and the one end that the scoop was kept away from to the knock-out lever is connected in the briquetting.

Furthermore, the energy storage part comprises knobs which are opposite to each other, the knobs comprise a rotating part and a protruding part which are integrally manufactured, the rotating part is rotatably connected with the shell, the protruding part is clamped on the digging spoon, a first stirring block is arranged in the width direction of the digging spoon and used for stirring the protruding block to rotate, a second stirring block is arranged at one end, far away from the first stirring block, of the digging spoon, and the second stirring block is used for stirring the rotating part to rotate;

a magnet for attracting the convex part is arranged in the shell.

Further, the tail part comprises a bottle body and a screw opening which are integrally manufactured, and the bottle body is connected to the body part through the screw opening in a threaded manner.

Has the advantages that: this technical scheme mainly is applicable to the collection and the harvesting of pollen, consequently will stretch into during male corolla with the closed angle of portion of stretching into when using, press the briquetting under the condition of not destroying the corolla afterwards, the briquetting drives the closed angle that articulates in the briquetting during the inward movement and outwards struts, mainly will wrap up in the corolla of core at this moment and open, when the briquetting moved inwards simultaneously, the briquetting turned into ascending ejecting force with the internal pressure of briquetting with the articulated department of ejecting rod, consequently, the briquetting drove the spoon upward movement through ejecting rod, scrape the core during the spoon upward movement of digging this moment, get the powder.

After the completion got the powder, operating personnel released the briquetting, and the torsional spring drove the briquetting return this moment, and the briquetting of return in-process will dig the spoon and drive down, and it is closed to drive the closed angle simultaneously, and closed angle encloses into airtight space with the device at this moment, only needs operating personnel to hand-carry this device, and pollen that operating personnel walked about the in-process got into under the gravity guide and communicates in the body of body with jolting.

Meanwhile, the device can unseal the sharp corner so as to conveniently realize castration of the female parent through opening and closing of the sharp corner.

2. In actual operation, this technical scheme has realized that the spoon is quick when ejecting, and is slow and stable when the spoon return, reaches the structure and the principle of above-mentioned effect and lies in because the convex part centre gripping spoon of energy storage portion, so have frictional force between spoon and the convex part, and when the spoon is ejecting, the first group of spoon piece of spoon pushes up the convex part open, and the convex part is rotatory along the rotating part this moment, and the convex part is attracted by magnet when the convex part is just to magnet to keep the spoon to be in free state.

During the process of returning the digging spoon, the second shifting block of the digging spoon is firstly contacted with the rotating part, and the rotating part is shifted at the moment, so that the protruding part is driven to return after being separated from the magnet, and the digging spoon is continuously clamped, and the stability of the return is realized.

Further, in the step S3, self-bred bolls and hybrid bolls are distinguished in the pollination process, and the self-bred bolls are removed.

Furthermore, the screened filial generation is compared with the female parent group and the male parent group before backcross, the comparison needs to meet the following conditions at the same time, the filial generation does not have the same defects as the female parent group and the male parent group, meanwhile, the female parent group and the male parent group have the advantages that the filial generation does not have, and after the screening is completed, the filial generation is used for carrying out single plant backcross.

After the scheme is adopted, the following beneficial effects are realized: 1. the technical scheme utilizes a crossbreeding mode to screen dominant species, is different from the existing crossbreeding mode, particularly adopts multi-male-parent hybrid crossbreeding, not only enriches the variation types of filial generation, but also generates the dominant species of a single item in the breeding process, generates more variation new varieties with excellent properties, saves time and enriches the high-quality genes of cotton.

2. Compared with other existing mixed crossing technologies, in the technical scheme, in order to ensure that each male parent has an opportunity to participate in combination, the screened filial generation is backcrossed, the 'leakage and deficiency filling' is carried out in the backcrossing process, the selection is mainly aimed at the character needing to be transferred, and the backcrossing can be carried out no matter under any environmental conditions, as long as the character is developed. This provides more favorable conditions for accelerating the breeding process by utilizing temperature, allopatric or different season breeding. The human handling and control performance of the backcross breeding is kept high, and meanwhile, the time and the workload required by the backcross are reduced. And the inheritance of recessive bad genes is avoided.

3. Compared with the prior art of reducing workload, the method can carry out artificial control on hybrid progeny groups to a greater extent, lead the hybrid progeny groups to develop towards a determined breeding target, and can reliably receive the expected effect of improving varieties. Moreover, after the new variety is bred, a long-time identification test is not needed generally, and only a short time is needed for comparison identification with the recurrent parent.

4. Compared with the prior art without identification, the method has the advantages that the dominant species are selfed to stabilize the characters and simultaneously stabilize the accumulated benefit of genes because the cotton is easy to generate variation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a structural view of the second embodiment;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 2.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the bottle opener comprises a sharp corner 1, a supporting rod 2, a shell 3, a scoop 4, a pressing block 5, a torsion spring 6, a bottle body 7, an ejector rod 8, a knob 9, a first toggle block 10, a second toggle block 11, a magnet 12 and a rotary opening 13.

Example one

The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached figure 1: a method for breeding cotton based on multiple male parents includes such steps as choosing more than two male parent groups to hybridize with a single female parent, choosing the filial generation with the most target characteristics after several generations of hybridization, comparing it with the mother and male parent groups, finding the sample with non-repeating defects between filial generation and mother and male parent groups, backcrossing, comparing the newly obtained first filial generation groups, screening out the first filial generation group with the most target characteristics, selfing for at least 2 times to obtain stable cotton seeds.

Further comprising the steps of:

s1, selecting a female parent and a male parent, and selecting plants in a field in the selection process; in the step S1, three groups of elements are observed in the plant selection process, wherein the first group is the number of bolls, the size of the bolls and the boll opening time, single plants with high yield and early maturity are selected, the second group is that after a female parent is selected, a male parent cannot excessively pursue a certain character in the screening process, and the repeated defects of the male parent and the female parent should be avoided, and the third group is a tightening requirement for the short and small adjacent plant types and the relaxation requirement for the influence of the adjacent plant types in the close planting process by considering the terrain.

S2, planting, namely, after soil preparation and fertilization are carried out on soil, selecting full seeds for a germination experiment, and carrying out close planting after the germination experiment is completed; in the step S2, the sandy loam which is flat and convenient for irrigation and drainage and has fertile plough layer is selected to fertilize the soil; coating the fertilizer in the ridges during ridging;

sowing in the middle and last ten days of 4 months at a density of 45000-75000 pits per centimeter, 2 seeds per pit;

s3, pollinating multiple male parents, namely, manually castrating the female parents, then taking pollen from the crowns of the cotton plants of the male parents by using a pollen taking device, mixing the pollen taken out of different male parents in the pollen taking device, and then pollinating each female parent; in the step S3, selfing bolls and hybrid bolls are distinguished in the pollination process, and the selfing bolls are removed;

s4, screening the filial generation, namely positioning and distinguishing the target characters by using a gene marking method, and screening the filial generation which is closest to the requirement;

s5, in the backcross process, character and gene marker selection is carried out in the maternal or paternal group, and the filial generation with the most excellent target character is backcrossed with the maternal or paternal group, so that a new sub-generation group is formed, and dominant species are screened out again from the sub-generation group;

and S6, removing recessive genes, selfing the dominant species for at least two generations, and thus obtaining cotton seeds with stable characters. Comparing the screened first filial generation with the female parent and the male parent before backcrossing, wherein the comparison needs to simultaneously meet the following conditions, the filial generation does not have the same defects as the female parent and the male parent, meanwhile, the female parent and the male parent have the advantages that the filial generation does not have, and after the screening is finished, the filial generation is utilized to carry out single plant backcrossing.

The technical scheme utilizes a crossbreeding mode to screen dominant species, is different from the existing crossbreeding mode, particularly adopts multi-male-parent hybrid crossbreeding, not only enriches the variation types of filial generation, but also generates the dominant species of a single item in the breeding process, generates more variation new varieties with excellent properties, saves time and enriches the high-quality genes of cotton.

Example two

The present embodiment is different from the above embodiments in that the male parents are numbered during the pollination of the S3 multiple male parents, the male parents are arranged in ascending order according to the number, the total number of the male parents is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.

And then dividing the planting field into different test fields, inoculating different male parent groups into the different test fields, replacing an inoculation device in the inoculation process of each group of male parents to avoid interference, and simultaneously determining the gene sequence of filial generation according to character observation and comparison of genetic maps of the male parents and the female parents to compare characters after the cultivation of the first filial generation is finished.

EXAMPLE III

Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the difference between the present embodiment and the above embodiment is: the powder taking device comprises an extending part, a body part and a tail part which are connected with each other, wherein the extending part comprises jaws which are hinged with each other, one side of each jaw, which is far away from the tail part, is provided with a sharp angle 1, the sharp angle 1 comprises a left sharp angle 1 and a right sharp angle 1, the left sharp angle 1 and the right sharp angle 1 are in arc transition connection, and the sharp angle 1 is hinged with a vertical supporting rod 2;

body portion wraps up in branch 2, and body portion includes casing 3, scoop 4, extrusion portion and energy storage portion, extrusion portion is connected with torsional spring 6 including the briquetting 5 of mutual opposition between briquetting 5 and the casing 3, briquetting 5 sliding connection in casing 3, and briquetting 5 connects in branch 2, in scoop 4 submerged body portion, and scoop 4 followed the vertical slip of body portion, and the intermediate position of scoop 4 articulates there is knock-out rod 8, and knock-out rod 8 keeps away from the one end of scoop 4 and connects in briquetting 5.

The energy storage part comprises knobs 9 which are opposite to each other, the knobs 9 comprise a rotating part and a convex part which are integrally manufactured, the rotating part is rotatably connected with the shell 3, the convex part is clamped on the digging spoon 4, first stirring blocks 10 are arranged in the width direction of the digging spoon 4, the first stirring blocks 10 are used for stirring the convex block to rotate, one end, far away from the first stirring blocks 10, of the digging spoon 4 is provided with second stirring blocks 11, and the second stirring blocks 11 are used for stirring the rotating part to rotate;

the case 3 houses a magnet 12 for attracting the projection.

The tail part comprises a bottle body 7 and a screw opening 13 which are integrally manufactured, and the bottle body 7 is connected with the body part through the screw opening 13 in a threaded mode.

The specific implementation process is as follows: this technical scheme mainly is applicable to the collection and the harvesting of pollen, consequently will stretch into during the closed angle 1 of portion stretches into male corolla when using earlier, press briquetting 5 under the condition of not destroying the corolla afterwards, 5 internal movements of briquetting drive during the drives and articulate 1 outside struts in the closed angle of briquetting 5, mainly open the corolla of wrapping up in the core at this moment, when 5 internal movements of briquetting simultaneously, briquetting 5 and ejector rod 8's articulated department turns into ascending ejecting force with the internal pressure of briquetting 5, consequently briquetting 5 drives the upward movement of ladle 4 through ejector rod 8, scrape the core during 4 upward movements of ladle this moment, get the powder.

As the convex part of the energy storage part clamps the digging spoon 4, friction force exists between the digging spoon 4 and the convex part, when the digging spoon 4 is ejected, the first stirring piece 10 of the digging spoon 4 pushes the convex part open, at the moment, the convex part rotates along the rotating part, and when the convex part is opposite to the magnet 12, the convex part is attracted by the magnet 12, so that the digging spoon 4 is kept in a free state.

After the completion got the powder, operating personnel released briquetting 5, and 6 drive 5 resets of briquetting of torsional spring this moment, and briquetting 5 among the return process will dig spoon 4 and drive down, dig 4 return in-process, and the second of digging spoon 4 is dialled movable block 11 and is contacted earlier in the rotating part, and the rotating part was stirred this moment to drive the convex part and break away from 12 back returns of magnet, continue the centre gripping and dig spoon 4, in order to realize the stability of return.

Meanwhile, the closed sharp corner 1 is closed, the closed sharp corner 1 encloses the device into a closed space, an operator only needs to carry the device with him, and pollen on the scoop 4 can enter the bottle body 7 communicated with the body part under the guidance of gravity by throwing hands and jolting in the walking process of the operator.

Example four

Breeding of Ji cotton 126 of new cotton variety

Female parent: selecting strain of Ji cotton 958, examining and determining variety, (Ji cotton No. 10X 538) F ₁ X Ji cotton 22 progeny.

Male parent: the male parent is divided into three groups, namely a wing 5048 line (1), a wing cotton 22 line (2), a wing 228 line (3), a wing 567 line (4), a wing 2000 line (5), a wing cotton 18 line (6), an excellent 6016 line (7) and an excellent 571 line (8), wherein the four first groups in each group are (1) to (4), the second groups are (5) to (8), and the third groups are (3) to (6).

The breeding method and the breeding process are as follows: the method of the invention is adopted, single female parent and multiple male parent groups are hybridized, the filial generation is identified by character polymerization condition and SSR mark to determine backcross male parent, and the backcross male parent is bred by self-cross stable character and by south-breeding and north-breeding and adversity stress pedigree method after hybridization. The specific process is that Ji 1286 (original name of Ji cotton 958) and the three groups of male parents are respectively pollinated by a plurality of male parents, the target characters of each parent are positioned by SSR marks, after 6 generations are added by south breeding and north breeding, 10 filial generation lines which are closest to the excellent character polymerization target are screened out, a plurality of excellent single plants are respectively selected from the filial generation lines, the hybridized parents are directionally selected according to the requirements of the SSR marks and the polymerization characters, 26 hybridized combinations are configured with the parents such as 5048 lines and the like, the first hybridized generation is subjected to self-cross stability characters, and then the best 6 lines which accord with the selection standard of high yield, multiple resistance and excellent polymerization characters are obtained by system selection and south breeding and north breeding. One of the 126 stable lines has the advantages of fast seedling emergence, early seedling alignment, strong growth vigor, medium boll size, strong single plant boll forming property, smooth boll opening fertilizer, high comprehensive expression yield, multiple resistance and excellent fiber quality. In 2015-2016, 6 strains of Ji cotton 126 and the like are subjected to multipoint identification tests in Shijiazhuang, chenchentai, handan, cangzhou and Hengshui, and comprehensive performances are prominent. In 2019-2020, the Ji cotton 126 is selected to participate in the conventional cotton group area test of Chunchun sowing in Hebei province, in 2021, the Ji cotton 126 participates in the same group production test, and in 2022, the Ji cotton 126 is approved by the crop variety approval committee in Hebei province. The other 5 excellent selection lines are also selected and participated in the regional test of each level.

With the cotton 126 approval bulletin:

in 2022, the materials are approved by the crop variety approval committee of Hebei province, and the approval numbers are as follows: wing panel 20220006.

The main characteristic characteristics are as follows: transgenic insect-resistant conventional cotton varieties. Average growth period 123 days. The plant type is clear and beautiful, the leaf size is moderate, and the leaf color is medium green. Bell, middle, oval. The plant height is 96.4 cm, the number of fruit branches per plant is 12.8, the number of bolls per plant is 17.3, and the node of the first fruit branch is 6.8. The weight of the bell is 5.7 g, the weight of the seed is 10.6 g, the length of the clothes is 39.6 percent, and the blooming rate before frost is 92.2 percent. Disease resistance identification: the identification of plant protection research institute of academy of agriculture and forestry, hebei province, 2019, disease resistance wilt (disease index 7.40), and disease resistance verticillium wilt (relative disease index 22.66); in 2020, the composite is highly resistant to blight (disease refers to 2.25) and resistant to verticillium wilt (relative disease refers to 13.47). Fiber quality: the agricultural department cotton quality supervision inspection test center detects that in 2019, the average length of the upper half part is 32.3 millimeters, the uniformity index is 86.4 percent, the breaking specific strength is 33.1 cN/tex, the micronaire value is 4.7, the elongation is 5.1 percent, the reflectivity is 80.7 percent, the yellowness is 7.4, and the spinning uniformity index is 167; in 2020, the average length of the upper half part is 30.5 mm, the uniformity index is 85.1%, the breaking specific strength is 33.1 cN/tex, the Marlony value is 4.7, the elongation is 5.2%, the reflectivity is 78.1%, the yellowness is 7.2, and the spinning uniformity index is 155. The average result of the test of the two-year area test samples is 31.4 mm in the average length of the upper half part, 85.7% of the regularity index, 33.1 cN/tex in breaking specific strength, 4.7% of the micronaire value, 5.1% of elongation, 79.4% of reflectivity, 7.3% of yellowness, 161% of spinning uniformity index and II type quality.

The yield performance is as follows: according to a spring sowing conventional cotton group regional test in 2019, the yield of the cotton seeds per mu is 291.6 kg, and is increased by 4.8% compared with the yield of the control Jifeng 1271; the yield per mu of the ginned cotton is 113.4 kg, the yield is increased by 4.2 percent compared with the control, and the ratio of the test point is 100 percent; the yield of the ginned cotton before frost per mu is 104.4 kg, and is increased by 2.8 percent compared with the control. In the same group of regional tests in 2020, the yield of the cotton seeds per mu is 246.5 kg, which is increased by 4.7 percent compared with that of a control Jifeng 1271; the yield per mu of the ginned cotton is 99.5 kg, the yield is increased by 4.6 percent compared with the control, and the ratio of the test point is 100 percent; the yield per mu is 91.8 kg before frost, which is increased by 3.4 percent compared with the control. Two-year zone test shows that the average yield of the seed cotton per mu is 269.0 kg, which is increased by 4.7% compared with the control; the average yield per mu of the ginned cotton is 106.5 kg, and the yield is increased by 4.4 percent compared with the control; the average yield per mu of lint before frost is 98.1 kg, which is increased by 3.1% compared with the control. In 2021, the same group of production tests show that the yield of the cotton seeds per mu is 240.5 kg, which is increased by 7.2% compared with the control; the yield per mu of the ginned cotton is 96.9 kg, the yield is increased by 12.5 percent compared with the control, and the ratio of the test point is 100 percent; 89.1 kg of lint before frost is produced per mu, and the yield is increased by 11.8 percent compared with the control.

The cultivation technical points are as follows: sowing in time, sowing in 4 late months in the bare land and sowing in 4 middle months in the mulching land. The land with medium fertility has 3000-3500 plants per mu density. Applying enough base fertilizer, watering once according to the growth vigor of cotton in the boll period, and additionally applying 5 kg of urea per mu. Timely chemical control, wherein chemical control is carried out by using mepiquat chloride in the bud period and the boll period of the cotton, and the principle of 'a small amount for multiple times' is mastered, wherein the dosage in the bud period is 1-1.5 g, the dosage in the initial flowering period is 2 g, and the dosage in the boll period is 2.5-3 g. Preventing and controlling aphid, cotton thrips, red spider and other cotton pests except bollworm.

Popularization suggestion: is suitable for spring sowing and planting in cotton areas in Hebei province.

It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention, and common general knowledge in the field of known specific structures and characteristics is not described herein in any greater extent than that known in the art at the filing date or prior to the priority date of the application, so that those skilled in the art can now appreciate that all of the above-described techniques in this field and have the ability to apply routine experimentation before this date can be combined with one or more of the present teachings to complete and implement the present invention, and that certain typical known structures or known methods do not pose any impediments to the implementation of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims (9)

1. A breeding method of high-quality high-yield multi-resistance cotton based on multi-male-parent selection is characterized in that: selecting more than two male parent groups to hybridize a single female parent, selecting filial generations with the most target characters after hybridizing for a plurality of generations to respectively compare the filial generations with the female parent and the male parent groups, searching samples with non-repetitive defects of the filial generations and the female parent and the male parent groups for backcross, comparing newly obtained first filial generation groups after the backcross is completed, then screening the first filial generation groups closest to the target characters for selfing, and obtaining cotton seeds with stable characters after selfing for at least 2 times.

2. The breeding method of cotton with high quality, high yield and multiple resistance based on multiple male parent selection as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: further comprising the steps of:

s1, selecting a female parent and a male parent, and selecting plants in a field in the selection process;

s2, planting, namely after soil preparation and fertilization are carried out on soil, selecting full seeds for a germination experiment, and then carrying out close planting;

s3, pollinating multiple male parents, namely, manually castrating the female parents, then taking pollen from the crowns of the cotton plants of the male parents by using a pollen taking device, mixing the pollen taken out of different male parents in the pollen taking device, and then pollinating each female parent;

s4, screening the filial generation, namely positioning and distinguishing the target characters by using a gene marking method, and screening the filial generation closest to the requirement;

s5, in the backcross process, selecting characters and gene markers in the female parent or the father parent group, backcrossing the filial generation with the excellent target character to form a new sub-generation group, and screening dominant species again for the sub-generation group;

and S6, removing recessive genes, selfing the dominant species for at least two generations, and thus obtaining cotton seeds with stable characters.

3. The breeding method of cotton with high quality, high yield and multiple resistance based on multiple male parent selection as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: in the step S1, three groups of factors are observed in the plant selection process, wherein the first group is the number of cotton bolls, the size of the cotton bolls and the boll opening time, single plants with high yield and early maturity are selected, the second group is that after a female parent is selected, a male parent cannot excessively pursue a certain character in the screening process, the repeated defects of the male parent and the female parent should be avoided, and the third group is a relaxation requirement for large influence of adjacent plant types in the close planting process and a tightening requirement for short and small adjacent plant types in consideration of terrain.

4. The breeding method of cotton with good quality, high yield and multiple resistance based on multiple male parent selection as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: in the step S2, the sandy loam which is flat and convenient for irrigation and drainage and has fertile plough layer is selected to fertilize the soil; coating the fertilizer in the ridges during ridging;

sowing in the middle and last ten days of 4 months, wherein the density is 45000-75000 holes per male, and 2 seeds are planted in each hole.

5. The breeding method of cotton with high quality, high yield and multiple resistance based on multiple male parent selection as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the powder taking device in the step S3 comprises an extending part, a body part and a tail part which are connected with each other, the extending part comprises jaws which are hinged with each other, one side of each jaw, which is far away from the tail part, is provided with a sharp corner, the sharp corner comprises a left sharp corner and a right sharp corner, the left sharp corner and the right sharp corner are in arc transition connection, and the sharp corner is hinged with a vertical supporting rod;

body portion wraps up in branch, and body portion includes casing, scoop, extrusion portion and energy storage portion, extrusion portion includes the briquetting of mutual opposition, is connected with the torsional spring between briquetting and the casing, briquetting sliding connection in casing, and the briquetting is connected in branch, in the scoop submerges body portion, and the vertical slip of scoop along body portion, the intermediate position of scoop articulates there is the knock-out lever, and the one end that the scoop was kept away from to the knock-out lever is connected in the briquetting.

6. The breeding method of cotton with high quality, high yield and multiple resistance based on multiple male parent selection as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the energy storage part comprises knobs which are opposite to each other, each knob comprises a rotating part and a protruding part which are integrally manufactured, the rotating part is rotatably connected with the shell, the protruding parts are clamped on the digging spoon, a first poking block is arranged in the width direction of the digging spoon and used for poking the protruding blocks to rotate, a second poking block is arranged at one end, far away from the first poking block, of the digging spoon, and the second poking block is used for poking the rotating part to rotate;

a magnet for attracting the projection is provided in the case.

7. The method for breeding cotton with high quality, high yield and multiple resistance based on multiple male parent selection as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the tail part comprises a bottle body and a screw opening which are integrally manufactured, and the bottle body is connected to the body part through the screw opening.

8. The breeding method of cotton with good quality, high yield and multiple resistance based on multiple male parent selection as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: and in the step S3, selfing bolls and hybrid bolls are distinguished in the pollination process, and the selfing bolls are removed.

9. The breeding method of cotton with high quality, high yield and multiple resistance based on multiple male parent selection according to claim 8, characterized in that: comparing the screened filial generation with the female parent and the male parent before backcross, wherein the comparison needs to simultaneously meet the following conditions, the filial generation does not have the same defects as the female parent and the male parent, meanwhile, the female parent and the male parent have the advantages which are not owned by the filial generation, and the filial generation is utilized to carry out single plant backcross after the screening is finished.

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