CN1119927C

CN1119927C - Breeding method for high-yield, disease-resistant, high-quality rice sterility series and its hybrid combination

Info

Publication number: CN1119927C
Application number: CN 98125286
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢崇华; 陈永军; 侯发明
Original assignee: MIANYANG ECONOMIC TECHNOLOGY HIGH TRAINING SCHOOL
Current assignee: MIANYANG ECONOMIC TECHNOLOGY HIGH TRAINING SCHOOL
Priority date: 1998-12-17
Filing date: 1998-12-17
Publication date: 2003-09-03
Anticipated expiration: 2018-12-17
Also published as: CN1220823A

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of the rice heterosis utilization. CB5-3 as female parent is hybridized with Bashan B as male parent, and the test cross of a preferred line F4 and Bashan A is carried out; a sterile line CA and a maintainer line CB are obtained until the sixth generation by the multi-generation linear selection and the pairing backcross; subsequently, an excellent C22 is prepared by the hybridized combination of the sterile line CA as the female parent and a recovery line CDR22 as the male parent. The sterile line CA has the advantages of good recovery, strong combining capacity, high yield, strong disease resistance, good rice quality and high stigma exposed rate. Moreover, the breeding seed production reaches 150 to 200 kg/acre.

Description

The selection of a kind of rice sterile line and hybrid combination thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the rice heterosis utilization field.

Background technology

Paddy rice is the staple food crop of China, and its gross output accounts for 40% of China's total output of grain.The quality of Rice Production is directly connected to the people's life and stablizing of society.Two during the last ten years, and the application of hybrid vigour on Rice Production successfully solved China people's food problem.Along with the increase of population and the minimizing in arable land, and agricultural further to " two-supremes one is excellent " development, better rich, anti-, the excellent hybrid rice new varieties of seed selection have become the great research topic of rice breeding.And the new sterile line of rice of breeding high-yield, disease-resistant, high-quality and study its breeding, seeding technique is one of key measure of finishing this great research topic.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is provides parent and technology for breeding for seed selection super high-yielding hybrid rice new varieties.Be that seed selection coordinate force is strong, can extensive property good, economical character is good, male sterile line is stable, hybrid vigour is strong, different friendship habit is good, disease resistance by force, the new sterile line of good grain quality and study numerous system supporting technology of this male sterile line.

Content of the present invention is:

Breeding and the seeding technique of rich, anti-, excellent male sterile line of a kind of paddy rice and crossbreed thereof.

1. be maternal with quality early rice CB5-3, with eight Shan B (the choosing system of Zhenshan 97B) hybridization, to F ₄Select major clique and eight Shan A (cytoplasm derives from IR28) test crosses, backcross through selection of multigeneration spectrum and pairing, to the six generation (B6F that backcross ₁) bred the rice sterile line CA of the high-combining ability with rich, anti-, excellent comprehensive merit and kept CB.

2. be maternal with this excellent sterile, the rice restorer CDR22 that is bred with academy of agricultural sciences, Sichuan Province crop makes male parent, and assembly goes out high yield, high-quality, disease-resistant strong advantage hybrid rice and makes up C excellent 22.

3. excellent sterile is that CA only does maternal the use, is combo with maintenance line CB and recovery respectively, combines with corresponding culture technique again, just can realize the parent propagation and the production of hybrid seeds and high yield.

The breeding of this rice sterile line and crossbreed thereof, seeding technique feature are: with quality early rice CB5-3 and eight Shan B hybridization, isolate elite plant strain from the offspring, utilize the nucleus substitution principle, pairing is backcrossed through six generations, obtaining stable excellent sterile is CA, and its pairing male parent is maintenance line CB.In breeding, in the production of hybrid seeds, at first be to regulate the poor phase of broadcasting, and cooperate that corresponding cultivation and biotechnology (strengthen seedling as cultivating many tillers, spray " GA " etc.) can obtain to breed, the high yield of the production of hybrid seeds.

Advantage of the present invention and good effect:

1. can extensive property good, coordinate force is high, F ₁Hybrid vigour is strong:

The rice sterile line CA that the present invention breeds has characteristics such as can extensive property good, that coordinate force is strong, is test cross through continuous 2 years with a plurality of recoveries such as No. one, bright extensive 63, CDR22, polyphyly, F ₁Ripening rate is all more than 80%.With weak recovery be ancient 223 test crosses, F ₁The solid ripening rate that also is higher than contrast Zhenshan 97a/Gu 223.Institute's combo is closed and is shown stronger yield heterosis, and as CA/CDR22,1997-1998 participates in the examination of provinces and regions, Sichuan, and two annual per mu yield 562.4Kg contrast Shanyou 63 volume increase 5.34%, occupy first.Sichuan Province's production test in 1998, average yield per mu 581.7Kg contrasts Shanyou 63 volume increase 6.0%; CA/130 participated in the examination of provinces and regions, Sichuan in 1998, and average yield per mu 551.1Kg contrasts Shanyou 63 volume increase 6.54%.

2. strong, the quality better of disease resistance:

The rice sterile line CA that this invention is bred, disease resistance is stronger.According to identifying Institute of Plant Protection, academy of agricultural sciences, Sichuan Province, anti-in to the resistance of rice blast being, and the contrast Zhenshan 97a be highly to feel.The CA seed is grown (aspect ratio 2.87), and circularity is good, chalk is in vain little, transparency is good, food flavor is good, marketing quality and food flavor quality all are better than contrast.

3. different friendship habit is good, crossbreeding output height:

Rice sterile line CA that the present invention breeds bag neck degree contrasts that Zhenshan 97a is light, stigma exposing ratio is high, Hua Shizao, captures the high yield of breeding, the production of hybrid seeds easily.General parent propagation per mu yield 150-200Kg, production of hybrid seeds 200-250Kg contrasts breeding, the seeds for increasing yield about 20% of Zhenshan 97a.

C excellent 22 the results are shown in subordinate list in district examination and production test.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is a breeding line spectrogram of the present invention.

Specific implementation method

(1) seed selection process:

Positive season in 1988 serve as maternal and eight Shan B (choosing in the Zhenshan 97B is) sexual hybridization in Mianyang with CB5-3 (high-quality, early Xian, long grain), and plant F in Hainan the same year ₁, 1989 at F ₂7 strains of middle selection fine individual plant are selected to F by pedigree method then ₄Selected 3 major cliques and 14 strains of eight Shan A (cytoplasm derives from IR28) test crosses right in 1991, from a test cross generation to backcrossing for four generations, each all selects the target strain of complete sterility from generation to generation is transformation, identify that through the above colony of thousand strains sterile degree and sterile plant rate are 100% to six generations of backcrossing nineteen ninety-five, economical character is stable, carry out the small size production of hybrid seeds the same year, to male sterile line CA in 1998 be B9F ₁, maintenance is F ₁₄

(2) principal character characteristic:

1. give birth to characteristic substantially:

Sow in spring in Sichuan, broadcast about 85 days phases of taking out, and more precious celestial 97A long 2 days approximately, the stem number of blade 14 leaves are identical with Zhenshan 97a.Sichuan summer sowing and Hainan winter are numerous, broadcast the phase of taking out and Zhenshan 97a basically identical, and its light temperature response characteristic is close with Zhenshan 97a.Plant height 80-85cm, than the high approximately 5.0cm of Zhenshan 97a, leaf sheath, auricle, leaf margin, clever sharp purple, plant type is tighter, straight and upright, the color depth of blade, long grain (aspect ratio is more than 2.8), no awns is about thousand kernel weight 28 grams.

2. stable fertility, different friendship habit is better

Surpassed observation of thousand group of hill bodies and the evaluation of strange land, Hainan in continuous 3 years through 95-97, the bagging selfing is shaky, and microscopy pollen allusion quotation loses more than 99.8%, circle loses less than 0.02%, sterile plant rate and sterile degree are 100%, no matter the spring is numerous, the plantation of summer system or strange land, all show sterile stable performance.Bag neck degree is light than Zhenshan 97a, and than the Zhenshan 97a sensitivity, stigma exposing ratio 36.1-47.2% is higher than Zhenshan 97a under the nature to the reaction of " GA ", during flower than Zhenshan 97a early about 30 minutes.

3. blast resisting power is stronger, good grain quality

Sichuan Province in 1994 academy of agricultural sciences paddy rice is identified, 6 grades of CB leaf pest, 5 grades of neck pest, the incidence of disease 17.7%, 7 grades of Zhenshan 97B leaf pest, 7 grades of neck pest, the incidence of disease 49.4%; Institute of Plant Protection, academy of agricultural sciences, Sichuan Province in 1998 identifies, 5 grades of CB leaf pest, 5 grades of neck pest, the incidence of disease 24.0%, 7 grades of Zhenshan 97B leaf pest, 9 grades of neck pest, the incidence of disease 86.0%.Excellent 22 (CA/CDR22) of C are in the examination of provinces and regions, and three unit inoculations are identified average: 6 grades of leaf pest, 5 grades of neck pest, 8 grades of contrast Shanyou 63 leaf pest, 9 grades of neck pest.

The CA seed is longer, and circularity is good, and chalk is in vain little, and transparency is good, good grain quality.

(3) feature of hybrid rice C excellent 22:

With the male sterile line CA of seed selection of the present invention is maternal, and it is excellent 22 to be with CDR22 that male parent is matched out high yield, hybrid rice C disease-resistant, high-quality, and its principal character characteristic is as follows:

Sow in spring in Sichuan, about the 150 days time of infertility, comparison was shone Shanyou 63 long 1 day, plant type is compact, leaf sheath, auricle, leaf margin purple, and tillering ability is strong, dark green leaf color, growth is neat, long grain, no awns, plant height 110cm, fringe average the grain about 150, ripening rate 85%, about thousand kernel weight 30 grams, disease resistance is stronger, good grain quality, wide adaptability.

(4) breeding, seeding technique:

1. strict the isolation:

Preferably natural cover is isolated and the time isolation, if use distance isolation, distance is not less than 60-100 rice.

2. regulate the poor phase of broadcasting:

With the male sterile line CA and the CDR22 production of hybrid seeds of seed selection of the present invention, Sichuan spring sowing summer system, father and mother originally broadcast the poor phase: about 55 days time differences, leaf difference 9.5-10.0 leaf.CA and CB breeding, time difference 3-5 days, leaf difference 0.5-1.0 leaf.

3. light seeding, the many tillers of cultivation or the strong seedling of band tiller:

4. determine suitable row ratio:

Generally speaking, the maternal row of breeding old farmer is than being 2: 6-8; Seed farm father and mother one's own profession ratio is 2: 14-18.

5. in good time, spray biological regulators such as " GAs " in right amount:

Under the florescence normal condition, begin fringe about 5% sprays for the first time when maternal (being the new sterile line CA of seed selection of the present invention), mu restrains with 2-3; Sprayed for the second time the same day after heading 20-25% cut leaf, and mu restrains with 8-12; Cut leaf and restrained with 2-4 again in second day, carry out artificial supplementary pollination simultaneously.

(5) the culture technique main points of crossbreed:

1. proper seeding is cultivated the strong seedling of many tillers, length of time rice seedlings grow 45-55 days.

2. rational close planting: build a rational group structure, the basic seedling 8-10 ten thousand of general mu cultivation, the highest seedling 25-28 ten thousand, effectively fringe 16-18 ten thousand.

3. the heavy end, early chase after, and fertilizer is main, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium cooperate, and accomplish early growth and quick tiller, and the bar bluish yellow is ripe.

4. science Guan Shui, dry field in good time, prevention and elimination of disease and pests in time.

Subordinate list C excellent 22 compares with the contrast Shanyou 63

Project	Kind	Per mu yield	Breeding time	Plant height	Blast resisting	Integrated quality	Remarks
Project	Kind	Per mu yield	Breeding time	Plant height	Blast resisting	Integrated quality	Remarks	The multiple spot test	Excellent 22 Shanyou 63s of C (CK) ± %	567.0 544.2 4.19 ^**	152.4 152.0	110.7 107.7	Anti-sense	96 years 6 points
The examination of provinces and regions, Sichuan	Excellent 22 Shanyou 63s of C (CK) ± %	562.4 534.1 5.34 ^**	150.0 149.0	109.4 108.3	In anti-sense	In go up	97-98,39 points	The multiple spot test	Excellent 22 Shanyou 63s of C (CK) ± %	567.0 544.2 4.19 ^**	152.4 152.0	110.7 107.7	Anti-sense	96 years 6 points
The examination of provinces and regions, Sichuan	Excellent 22 Shanyou 63s of C (CK) ± %	562.4 534.1 5.34 ^**	150.0 149.0	109.4 108.3	In anti-sense	In go up	97-98,39 points	Provincial production test	Excellent 22 Shanyou 63s of C (CK) ± %	581.7 548.7 6.0	152.7 152.3	119.8 116.0	Anti-sense	98 years, 6 points

Claims

1. the selection of rice sterile line and hybrid combination thereof is characterized in that with Xian CB5-3 early be maternal, with eight Shan B (the choosing system of Zhenshan 97B) be paternal hybrid, to F ₄Select major clique and eight Shan A (cytoplasm derives from IR28) test crosses, backcross through selection of multigeneration spectrum and pairing, to the six generation B6F that backcross ₁, breed male sterile line CA and maintenance line CB, be female parent with male sterile line CA, recovery is that CDR22 is a male parent, configuration hybrid combination C excellent 22.