CN1895030A - Breeding method of Chinese cabbage hybrid - Google Patents
Breeding method of Chinese cabbage hybrid Download PDFInfo
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- CN1895030A CN1895030A CN 200610042987 CN200610042987A CN1895030A CN 1895030 A CN1895030 A CN 1895030A CN 200610042987 CN200610042987 CN 200610042987 CN 200610042987 A CN200610042987 A CN 200610042987A CN 1895030 A CN1895030 A CN 1895030A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Chinese cabbage hybrid breeding method, which comprises the steps of taking cabbage type rape radish cytoplasm male sterile material RC 97-1 as a female parent and taking a Chinese cabbage inbred line 1138 as a male parent, and obtaining a trans-bred through interspecific hybridizationSelecting and reserving a good single plant without failure buds similar to the transferred male parent as a backcross female parent of the next round; through continuous 7-generation backcross transformation, economic character selection and disease resistance identification, the Chinese cabbage cytoplasmic male sterile line germplasm material RC with stable sterility, sterile plant rate and sterility degree of 100 percent and completely consistent economic characters and corresponding maintainer lines is bred7(ii) a Then, the cabbage cytoplasm male sterile line RC is used7As female parent, and Chinese cabbage inbred line 03S1207And (5) hybridizing to obtain the Chinese cabbage hybrid. The first generation of Chinese cabbage hybrid RC bred by the method7×03S1207(Jinqiu 90) has the characteristics of disease resistance, high quality, high yield, stable yield, strong adaptability and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crop hybrid superiority and utilize technical field, relate to the selection of crossbreed, particularly a kind of cabbage hybrid selection.
Background technology
Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.ssp.pekinensis (Lour) Olsson) claims Chinese cabbage, die Chinakohl, bag core white dish etc. again.Belonging to the Cruciferae rape and belong to the subspecies that can form leaf-head in the rape kind, is a biennial herb plant.Originating in China, is that China's distribution is the widest, area under cultivation is maximum, the edible maximum bulk vegetable of crowd.20th century the mid-80, China Chinese cabbage produces realizes assorted optimization substantially, although the Chinese cabbage cultivar pattern constantly increases in recent years, new varieties emerge in an endless stream.But present breeding of the Chinese cabbage first generation of hybrid mainly still adopts self incompatible line, this method to exist the easily decline and occur pseudostationary easily of original seed production cost height, parents' vitality, and the purity of kind can not get guaranteeing; Secondly, be to utilize the nuclear gene interaction type male sterile line and the Polima cytoplasm male sterility line production first generation of hybrid.The sterile degree and the sterile plant rate of nuclear gene interaction type male sterile line all can reach 100%, can make the advantage crossbreed, the seed collecting amount is also higher, and its shortcoming is that the transformation of male sterile line is quite difficult, the crossbreed of preparation belongs to triple hybrid, and hybrid purity also is under some influence; Trace-pollen appears in Polima cytoplasm male sterility line regular meeting under certain temp. and humidity change condition, shows the fertility shakiness, has influence on the quality of crossbreed equally.
Summary of the invention
Defective or deficiency at above-mentioned prior art existence, the objective of the invention is to utilize cabbage plasmic male sterile system materials, a kind of selection of cabbage hybrid is provided, this method is by screening, assembly, obtain high-quality, disease-resistant, high yield, stable yields, adaptable cabbage hybrid.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical solution:
A kind of cabbage hybrid selection, it is characterized in that, this method is a female parent with cabbage type rape radish cytoplasmic male sterilty material RC97-1, with Chinese cabbage inbred lines 1138 is male parent, obtain transformation generation seed by interspecific cross, the performance nothing similar to the transformation male parent of selecting and remain loses the backcross female parent of the fine individual plant of flower bud as next round; Through continuous 7 generation backcross transformation, and through economic characters select, disease resistance identifies, cultivates that to select sterility stable, sterile plant rate and sterile degree reach 100%, the on all four cabbage plasmic male sterile system materials RC of economic characters and corresponding maintenance line
7And then with cabbage cytoplasm male sterile line RC
7Be female parent, Chinese cabbage inbred lines 03S
1207Be paternal hybrid, can obtain cabbage hybrid RC
7* 03S
1207, i.e. gold autumn 90.
The Chinese cabbage first generation of hybrid RC of seed selection of the present invention
7* 03S
1207(gold autumn 90), have disease-resistant, high-quality, high yield, stable yields, characteristics such as adaptability is strong.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is cabbage plasmic male sterile system materials RC of the present invention
7Compare with corresponding maintenance line flower, a left side is a male sterile line, and the right side is a maintenance line;
Fig. 2 is cabbage plasmic male sterile system materials RC of the present invention
7And corresponding maintenance line spray relatively, and a left side is a male sterile line, and the right side is a maintenance line;
Fig. 3 is cabbage plasmic male sterile system materials RC of the present invention
7The plant feature.
The specific embodiment that provides below in conjunction with the inventor comes the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment
1. Chinese cabbage cytoplasm male sterility line new germ plasm material RC
7Seed selection
RC97-1 is a female parent with cabbage type rape radish cytoplasmic male sterilty material, with Chinese cabbage inbred lines 1138 is male parent, obtain transformation generation seed by interspecific cross, the performance nothing similar to the transformation male parent of selecting and remain loses the backcross female parent of the fine individual plant of flower bud as next round; Through continuous 7 generation backcross transformation, and through economic characters select, disease resistance identifies, cultivates that to select sterility stable, sterile plant rate and sterile degree reach 100%, the on all four cabbage plasmic male sterile system materials RC of economic characters and corresponding maintenance line
7
Above-mentioned male parent Chinese cabbage inbred lines 1138 derives from the middle Indian mallow leaf Chinese cabbage that introduce in the Inner Mongol.Be that the inventor separates through inbreeding of more generation, systematic breeding gained according to a conventional method.Its plant profile is: the lotus throne leaf is upright, wealthy lanceolar, and dark green leaf color, leaf margin is wavy, the blade face shrinkage, vein is fine and closely woven, and middle rib is generous, light green, the high stake of leaf-head type, plant height 58.6cm, strain width of cloth 45.3cm, the long 56.6cm of leaf, the wide 29.7cm of leaf, 13 of the outer numbers of sheets, the vertical footpath of leaf-head 48.5cm, transverse diameter 16.3cm, spherical index 2.98, about the heavy 3.6kg of single ball, growth is neat, and comprehensive disease resistance is strong.
1.1 the backcross transformation of sterile material
Since spring in 1997, (the cabbage type rape radish cytoplasm male sterility line is French scholar Bannerot to the inventor at the cabbage type rape radish cytoplasmic male sterilty material RC97-1 to introduction, H. equal 1974 with in the European cabbage type rape cell nucleus importing japanese radish sterile cytoplasm, through the continuous backcross transformation, bred cabbage type rape radish cytoplasmic male sterile line, this male sterile line is sterile thoroughly, sterility is insensitive to environment reaction, nearly all cabbage type rape variety can both be made its maintenance line, and transformation becomes different ripe property easily, the male sterile line of different qualities is acknowledged as the rape sterile material that sterility is the most stable in the world.Oil crop research institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 1980, nineteen eighty-two are carried out transformation after introducing this sterile material from France, Canada respectively on different cabbage type rapes.Academy of agricultural sciences, Shaanxi Province economic crops research institute nineteen eighty-two is introduced the sterile material of this transformation by Chinese oil plant research institute, continuation transformation on different cabbage type rapes) floral organ structure, sterile proterties etc. are observed evaluation, confirm as sterile complete, behind the stable cytoplasmic male sterilty material of proterties, select growth potential strong, nectary development is normal, do not have and lose flower bud, the complete sterility individual plant that the cross-fertile rate is good is maternal, successively with dissimilar, 17 parts of Chinese cabbage parent materials that coordinate force is good are male parent, adopt artificial florescence bagging pollination technique, carry out the hybridization of male sterile line RC97-1 and dissimilar Chinese cabbage inbred lines and many generations and backcross its sterility of transformation.Method is: flowering stage, pollen with 17 parts of Chinese cabbage strains is applied on the column cap of corresponding male sterile line RC97-1 respectively, obtain transformation generation seed, being carried out to strain phase economic characters autumn selects, the botany proterties of investigation plant, superseded petiole has the intermediate materials such as decomposite leaf type of incising, being partial to cabbage type rape, and the performance nothing similar to the transformation male parent of selecting and remain loses the backcross female parent of the fine individual plant of flower bud as next round.Simultaneously, its corresponding samsara male parent is carried out the selfing purifying.In order to accelerate transformation speed, taked greenhouse, open country and strange land to add the method that combines for transformation, specific practice is: backcross maternal and the samsara male parent was carried out open field live broadcast in about August 10 to selected, in 11 months, become the strain phase last ten-days period, the selection of economic characters is carried out in strictness, selected kind strain is colonizated in the greenhouse, the temperature in greenhouse should remain on 20 ℃～25 ℃, and give sufficient illumination, generally by the end of December to mid-January bolting bloom, can carry out artificial back pollinating with the samsara male parent, can receive seed to late Febuary.With the seed accepted 22 ℃～25 ℃ following vernalization, when treating that seed is sprouted the dew bud, put it in 2 ℃～3 ℃ refrigerators, carried out incomplete vernalization 20 days, and in late March is seeded into 22 ℃～25 ℃ greenhouse, grew seedlings, in 4 months, adopt the film-mulching cultivation mode last ten-days period, field planting is in the area that cools of height above sea level 1300m～1500m, generally late May to mid-June, bolting was bloomed, and can proceed artificial back pollinating with the samsara male parent, and late July can be received seed.Like this, can guarantee to add for twice of transformation in 1 year.When backcrossing for 7 generations, the male sterile line germplasm materials economic characters that obtain are with samsara male parent (maintenance line) consistent (Fig. 1,2).
1.2 economical character is observed
Each transformation is from generation to generation in becoming strain phase to observe the economical characters such as leaf, leaf look, sphere, plant height, the strain width of cloth, the bright sample quality of individual plant of the sterile material and the male parent of backcrossing thereof.Florescence check sterile material corolla, pattern, stamen, gynoecium and nectary size, shape and lose flower bud situation etc.After the artificial pollination, when kind of pod is ripe, observe its situation that bears pods, comprise that the sum that bears pods, pod length, pod slightly reach every pod seed number etc.And each from generation to generation from early flowering season to the whole florescence, the stamen of checking sterile material whether degenerate fully and flower pesticide in whether have pollen.Table 1 is transformation during 7 generations, and the Other Main Agronomic Characters of the corresponding transformation male parent with it of all types of Chinese cabbage materials of transformation relatively.
The Chinese cabbage male sterile material in 7 generations of table 1 transformation and the Other Main Agronomic Characters of corresponding transformation male parent thereof are relatively
| Test material | Leaf | The leaf look | Spherical | Plant height/cm | The strain width of cloth/cm | Maximum lotus throne leaf | The bright sample quality/kg of individual plant | |
| Length/cm | Wide/cm | |||||||
| RC 1 | Nearly circle | Green | Spherical | 35.3 | 35.6 | 29.3 | 25.4 | 2.7 |
| B 1 | Nearly circle | Green | Spherical | 27.5 | 30.2 | 25.1 | 21.2 | 1.9 |
| RC 2 | Nearly circle | Light green | Spherical | 37.8 | 37.6 | 31.4 | 27.6 | 2.8 |
| B 2 | Nearly circle | Light green | Spherical | 28.4 | 34.5 | 26.6 | 23.9 | 2.1 |
| RC 3 | Wide ovum | Green | Head shoot shape | 39.4 | 43.4 | 29.5 | 25.6 | 3.2 |
| B 3 | Wide ovum | Green | Head shoot shape | 35.6 | 40.2 | 27.5 | 23.3 | 2.2 |
| RC 4 | Oval | Light green | Tubular | 46.7 | 40.4 | 38.8 | 20.1 | 2.5 |
| B 4 | Oval | Light green | Tubular | 47.2 | 38.0 | 36.5 | 21.4 | 2.4 |
| RC 5 | Long ovum | Dark green | Shell shape | 38.9 | 39.3 | 37.6 | 22.3 | 2.8 |
| B 5 | Long ovum | Dark green | Shell shape | 34.0 | 33.7 | 34.8 | 18.4 | 1.8 |
| RC 6 | Fall ovum | Green | Head shoot shape | 42.6 | 54.5 | 38.8 | 27.3 | 4.6 |
| B 6 | Fall ovum | Green | Head shoot shape | 40.8 | 52.4 | 36.4 | 24.5 | 3.6 |
| RC 7 | Oval | Green | Tubular | 58.6 | 45.3 | 56.6 | 29.7 | 3.6 |
| B 7 | Oval | Green | Tubular | 58.4 | 44.5 | 56.0 | 29.5 | 3.6 |
| RC 8 | Oval | Light green | Tubular | 60.9 | 52.9 | 57.3 | 29.8 | 4.4 |
| B 8 | Oval | Light green | Tubular | 55.3 | 46.5 | 54.2 | 26.5 | 3.9 |
| RC 9 | Fall ovum | Light green | Head shoot shape | 43.2 | 44.8 | 39.4 | 29.7 | 3.6 |
| B 9 | Fall ovum | Light green | Head shoot shape | 40.6 | 40.3 | 36.4 | 26.8 | 2.5 |
| RC 10 | Nearly circle | Light green | Spherical | 43.5 | 44.9 | 34.6 | 29.3 | 3.3 |
| B 10 | Nearly circle | Light green | Spherical | 37.2 | 39.4 | 32.2 | 28.4 | 2.3 |
| RC 11 | Oval | Dark green | Tubular | 56.7 | 52.9 | 56.8 | 29.6 | 4.3 |
| B 11 | Oval | Dark green | Tubular | 52.3 | 48.2 | 52.1 | 26.6 | 3.5 |
| RC 12 | Nearly circle | Green | Spherical | 44.3 | 50.6 | 35.6 | 33.2 | 3.4 |
| B 12 | Nearly circle | Green | Spherical | 38.4 | 45.1 | 33.1 | 30.0 | 2.8 |
| RC 13 | Long ovum | Green | Tubular | 57.4 | 58.5 | 55.5 | 30.7 | 3.6 |
| B 13 | Long ovum | Green | Tubular | 52.0 | 52.8 | 52.9 | 27.5 | 2.5 |
| RC 14 | Long ovum | Green | Shell shape | 50.5 | 55.9 | 52.6 | 30.5 | 4.1 |
| B 14 | Long ovum | Green | Shell shape | 45.6 | 47.8 | 47.2 | 27.6 | 2.6 |
| RC 15 | Long ovum | Green | Shell shape | 53.8 | 49.5 | 53.4 | 30.3 | 3.9 |
| B 15 | Long ovum | Green | Shell shape | 47.2 | 44.4 | 46.3 | 27.9 | 2.6 |
| RC 16 | Long ovum | Green | Head shoot shape | 53.8 | 56.5 | 52.5 | 30.0 | 4.7 |
| B 16 | Long ovum | Green | Head shoot shape | 49.3 | 50.7 | 47.2 | 27.4 | 3.2 |
| RC 17 | Wide ovum | Light green | Spherical | 36.7 | 40.6 | 34.2 | 33.2 | 2.8 |
| B 17 | Wide ovum | Light green | Spherical | 36.1 | 40.2 | 32.7 | 29.8 | 2.3 |
Annotate: " RC " represents sterile material in the table, and " B " represents corresponding transformation male parent (being maintenance line)
Select through the backcross transformation in 7 generations and strict economic characters, the sterility that selects in success in 2003 is stablized, and sterile plant rate and sterile degree reach 100%, and economic characters and corresponding maintenance line are in full accord, growth is neat, can be used for the Chinese cabbage cytoplasm male sterility line new germ plasm material RC of formulated in combination
7
1.3 male sterile line new germ plasm material RC
7The principal character characteristic
1.3.1 floral organ feature
Male sterile line RC
7Flower compare with maintenance line, petal is slightly littler than corresponding maintenance line, 6 pieces on stamen, milky, flower pesticide is shrivelled, white, fine, be degenerated to sarconeme shape, stamen and flower pesticide length obviously shorten, and examine under a microscope, and can not find the pollen of this male sterile line; Gynoecium Dan Sheng, the many mastoid processes of stigma surface, ovary mode of appearance size is basic identical with maintenance line, and structure, function are normal; Nectary quantity is identical with maintenance line, and development condition is good, and look green, and the tool fragranced, can attract the normal gathering honey pollination of insect (table 2) such as honeybee.
Table 2 male sterile line new germ plasm material RC
7Compare with maintenance line floral organ feature
| Test material | Lose flower bud | Corolla | Stamen | Gynoecium | Nectary | |||
| Degree of development/mm | Petal size/mm | Color | Shape | Length/mm | ||||
| RC 7 | Do not have | 12.2× 11.5 | 8.5× 5.0 | Deep yellow | Milky, sarconeme shape, flower pesticide is shrivelled, fine, WUHUAFEN | Directly | 6.1 | Normally |
| B 7 | Do not have | 13.8× 12.7 | 9.4× 6.5 | Deep yellow | Milky, thread, flower pesticide be normal, flower pesticide is arranged | Directly | 6.3 | Normally |
Annotate: be survey data in 2005
1.3.2 male sterile line germplasm materials RC
7Sterility performance
1.3.2.1 Temperature Influence
In the period of 2003～2006, continuous 4 years in winter, spring in greenhouse and land for growing field crops, and planted in different ecological areas is to male sterile line RC
7Sterility observe evaluation, the result is male sterile line RC
7Sterility stable, sterile plant rate reaches 100%, sterile degree also is 100%.
1.3.2.2 the influence of different sowing dates
In the spring 2004 Winter Solstice in 2003, divide December 20, January 5, January 20 and four date of seeding sowings on February 5 male sterile line RC
7, be colonizated in the land for growing field crops on March 25, sterile plant rate of investigation in 4 days and individual plant sterile degree from every interval of early flowering season.The investigation result of 4 dates of seeding is: male sterile line RC
7Sterile plant rate be 100%, sterile degree is 100% also, and male sterile line RC under the different sowing dates condition is described
7Sterility be not subjected to the influence of environmental condition.
1.3.3 male sterile line germplasm materials RC
7Morphological observation
Spring in 2006 is to male sterile line germplasm materials RC
7Carried out cytomorphology research, the result shows: male sterile line germplasm materials RC
7Anther development is hampered by tetrad to the monokaryon pollen period, and flower pesticide vacuole occurs in the early stage tapetal cell of reduction division, and central authorities form one at the flower blister cavities, cause microspore development to be obstructed, and form cavity flower pesticide.
1.3.4 comprehensive gardening proterties
Select through the backcross transformation in 7 generations and strict economic characters, on the main plant proterties, the male sterile line RC that breeds
7Economic characters and corresponding maintenance line B
7Basically identical (Fig. 2).85 days breeding times, plant height 58.6cm, strain width of cloth 45.3cm, the leaf look dark green, and leaf margin is wavy, the high stake of leaf-head type, the long 56.6cm of leaf, the wide 29.7cm of leaf, 13 of the outer numbers of sheets, the vertical footpath of leaf-head 48.5cm, transverse diameter 16.3cm, spherical index 2.98, about the heavy 3.6kg of single ball, growth is neat, comprehensive disease resistance strong (table 3).
Table 3 male sterile line germplasm materials RC
7Compare with the comprehensive gardening proterties of maintenance line
| Test material | Plant height (cm) | The strain width of cloth (cm) | Leaf long (cm) | Leaf wide (cm) | The outer number of sheets (sheet) | The vertical footpath of leaf-head (cm) | Leaf-head transverse diameter (cm) | Spherical index | Single ball heavy (kg) | Breeding time (d) |
| RC 7 | 58.6 | 45.3 | 56.6 | 29.7 | 13 | 48.5 | 16.3 | 2.98 | 3.6 | 85 |
| B 7 | 58.4 | 44.5 | 54.0 | 29.6 | 13 | 48.5 | 16.5 | 2.94 | 3.6 | 85 |
1.3.5 solid ability
1.3.5.1 compare with corresponding maintenance line fecundity
The continuous result of the test in 2 years showed in 2004～2005 years: male sterile line RC
7With maintenance line B
7In 3: 1～4: 1 ratio field planting in the gauze canopy, florescence artificial supplementary pollination, male sterile line RC
7Pod long, single pod is set seeds and maintenance line B
7No significant difference (table 4).
Table 4 male sterile line new germ plasm material RC
7Compare with the fecundity of maintenance line
| Test material | 2004 | 2005 | ||||
| Pod long (cm) | Single pod set seeds (grain) | Thousand kernel weight (g) | Pod long (cm) | Single pod set seeds (grain) | Thousand kernel weight (g) | |
| RC 7 | 5.8 | 20.2 | 2.3 | 5.2 | 16.4 | 3.2 |
| B 7 | 5.8 | 20.4 | 2.1 | 5.0 | 13.8 | 3.0 |
1.3.5.2 the solid situation of hybrid combination spontaneous pollination
Use male sterile line RC
7The hybrid combination RC of preparation
7* 04S
245And RC
7* 03S
12072005～2006 years in natural isolated area by the honeybee natural pollination, by inquiry, the cross-fertile rate of two hybrid combinations is high, reaches 100%, wherein, single pod is set seeds to count and can reach 21 at most, minimum is 9, and seed collecting strain average branch number (1,2 grade) is respectively 35.8 and 37.3, and the individual plant seed yield is respectively 42.6g and 44.2g (Fig. 3).This shows male sterile line RC
7Nature fecundity good (table 5).
Table 5 male sterile line new germ plasm material RC
7The solid situation of spontaneous pollination
| Test material | Plant height (cm) | Stem thick (cm) | Branch amount (bar) | Single-strain legumen number (individual) | Single Lay set seeds (grain) | Thousand kernel weight (g) | Individual plant seed yield (g) | |
| 1 grade | 2 grades | |||||||
| RC 7×04S 245 | 118.5 | 1.4 | 11.5 | 24.3 | 894.8 | 19.4 | 3.6 | 42.6 |
| RC 7×03S 1207 | 123.7 | 2.1 | 12.8 | 24.5 | 962.5 | 19.2 | 3.8 | 44.2 |
1.3.6 disease resistance qualification result
1.3.6.1 inoculate disease resistance and identify artificial seedling stage
2004 to male sterile line RC
7And maintenance line B
7Carrying out inoculating artificial seedling stage disease resistance identifies.The result is: male sterile line RC
7Virus disease disease index 10.8 shows as high anti-(HR); Downy mildew disease index 9.9 shows as high anti-(HR) (table 6).
Table 6 male sterile line new germ plasm material RC
7Artificial disease resistance qualification result with maintenance line
| Expert evidence | Repeat | Virus disease | Downy mildew | ||
| Disease index | Disease-resistant classification | Disease index | Disease-resistant classification | ||
| RC 7 | I | 7.8 | HR | 5.1 | HR |
| II | 14.4 | R | 11.4 | R | |
| III | 10.3 | HR | 13.2 | R | |
| On average | 10.8 | HR | 9.9 | HR | |
| B 7 | I | 9.4 | HR | 7.8 | HR |
| II | 13.7 | R | 14.8 | R | |
| III | 11.5 | R | 13.7 | R | |
| On average | 11.5 | R | 12.1 | R | |
Annotate: HR: expression is high anti-, R: represent disease-resistant.
1.3.6.2 field resistance is identified
2004 to male sterile line RC
7And maintenance line B
7Carrying out field resistance identifies.The result is: male sterile line RC
7Virus disease disease index 11.2 shows as disease-resistant (R); Downy mildew disease index 8.8 shows as high anti-(HR); Black spot disease index 19.2 shows as disease-resistant (R); The soft rot incidence of disease is 0 (table 7).
Table 7 male sterile line new germ plasm material RC
7With maintenance line field resistance qualification result
| Expert evidence | Repeat | Virus disease | Downy mildew | Black spot | The soft rot incidence of disease (%) | |||
| Disease index | Disease-resistant classification | Disease index | Disease-resistant classification | Disease index | Disease-resistant classification | |||
| RC 7 | I | 13.5 | R | 5.7 | HR | 18.9 | R | 0 |
| II | 8.2 | HR | 11.5 | R | 23.0 | R | 0 | |
| III is average | 11.8 11.2 | R R | 9.2 8.8 | HR HR | 15.8 19.2 | R R | 0 0 | |
| B7 | I | 15.7 | R | 6.9 | R | 14.6 | R | 0 |
| II | 12.5 | R | 7.2 | R | 22.8 | R | 0 | |
| III | 13.4 | R | 12.5 | R | 15.3 | R | 0 | |
| On average | 13.9 | R | 8.9 | HR | 17.6 | R | 0 |
1.4 Chinese cabbage cytoplasm male sterility line new germ plasm material RC
7Breeding
Use Chinese cabbage cytoplasm male sterility line RC
7Be female parent, with corresponding maintenance line B
7For male parent is hybridized, breeding Chinese cabbage cytoplasm male sterility line new germ plasm material RC
7, concrete steps are: before autumn Chinese cabbage results, in strict accordance with parent's standard male sterile line RC that selects and remain
7With maintenance line B
7Maternal plant is heeled in, safe overwintering, and at the beginning of 3 months spring of next year, field planting is in 40～60 order gauze isolated areas, and plantation density is line-spacing 60cm, spacing in the rows 40cm.
Male sterile line RC
7Breeding canopy: male sterile line RC
7With maintenance line B
7In ratio field planting in 4: 1～5: 1, fixedly special messenger's pollination, or manually put honeybee in the net canopy, with maintenance line B
7Pollen is authorized male sterile line RC
7, in time pull out maintenance line B after the blossom fall
7Plant is planted strain and gathers stage of yellow ripeness.
Maintenance line B
7The breeding canopy: artificial florescence supplementary pollination, or manually put honeybee in the net canopy, self propagated is planted strain and is gathered stage of yellow ripeness.
2. Chinese cabbage inbred lines 03S
1207Seed selection
In the population mixture behind kind Yutian, inventor's effluent backlands side bag point and packet header, landrace Fushan, the Shandong Chinese cabbage crossing, separate through inbreeding of more generation, the clean vegetables rate height that obtains of systematic breeding according to a conventional method, balling-up is good, the Chinese cabbage inbred lines 03S that comprehensive disease resistance is strong
1207Its plant profile is: the plant strain growth gesture is strong, and plant type is upright, leaf is green, and leaf margin is wavy, and vein is fine and closely woven, middle rib width is thin, nick, light green, plant height 54cm, strain width of cloth 47cm, the oval tubular of leaf-head, the top taper, the middle part is thicker, the vertical footpath of leaf-head 50cm, transverse diameter 17cm, spherical index 2.9,13 of the outer numbers of sheets are filled the span of a man's arms, about single ball net weight 3kg, clean vegetables rate 78%, adaptability is strong, and comprehensive disease resistance is strong.
3. the seed selection of Chinese cabbage first generation of hybrid gold autumn 90
With Chinese cabbage cytoplasm male sterility line new germ plasm material RC
7As female parent, with 03S
1207As male parent, make Chinese cabbage first generation of hybrid gold autumns 90 (RC
7* 04S
1207).The feature performance of gold autumn 90 is as follows:
3.1 high yield, stable yields
2004～2005 year gold autumn 90 Chinese cabbage successively in Shaanxi, ground such as Gansu, Shanxi, Guizhou, Shandong, Hebei, Inner Mongol carry out regional experiment of variety and compatibility test, average every 667m
2Output 8425.36kg contrasts No. 3, Qin Bai and Shanxi dish and increases production 11.85% and 19.26% (table 8) respectively No. 3.
Table 8 gold autumns 90 Chinese cabbage cultivar comparative test output statistics result
| Time | Kind | Test is counted | Yield level (kg/667m 2) | Than ck increase and decrease (%) |
| 2004 | Gold autumn 90 | 8 | 7127～9352.5 | +8.5～+13.6(ck 1) +16.8～+76.2(ck 2) |
| No. 3 (ck of Qin Bai 1) | 8 | 7027.5～8803.5 | ||
| No. 3 (ck of Shanxi dish 2) | 8 | 6514～7505.5 | ||
| 2005 | Gold autumn 90 | 13 | 6751～14026.4 | +8.5～+13.6(ck 1) +16.8～+76.2(ck 2) |
| No. 3 (ck of Qin Bai 1) | 13 | 6400～9484.6 | ||
| No. 3 (ck of Shanxi dish 2) | 13 | 5811.6～7804.5 |
3.2 comprehensive disease resistance is strong
3.2.1 seedling stage, artificial disease resistance inoculation was identified
Artificial disease resistance inoculation seedling stage in 2005 qualification result is: gold autumns 90 virus disease disease index 12.2 shows as disease-resistant (R); Downy mildew disease index 8.9 shows as high anti-(HR); The incidence of disease of soft rot only is 2.7% (table 9).
Table 9 gold autumns 90 Chinese cabbage disease resistance qualification result in artificial seedling stage
| Time | Kind | Virus disease | Downy mildew | The sick rate (%) of soft rot | ||
| State of an illness disease refers to | Disease-resistant classification | State of an illness disease refers to | Disease-resistant classification | |||
| 2005 | Gold autumn 90 | 12.2 | R | 8.9 | HR | 2.7 |
| No. 3 (ck of Qin Bai 1) | 18.2 | R | 10.1 | HR | 4.8 | |
| No. 3 (ck of Shanxi dish 2) | 40.6 | T | 39.4 | T | 7.5 | |
3.2.2 field resistance is identified
2004～2005 years field resistance qualification results: 2 years virus disease disease indexs of gold autumns 90 Chinese cabbage are respectively 24.1 and 18.5, show as disease-resistant (R); The downy mildew disease index is respectively 3.2 and 5.5, shows as high anti-(HR); The soft rot incidence of disease was 0 (table 10) in 2 years.
Table 10 gold autumns 90 Chinese cabbage field resistance qualification result
| Time | Kind | Virus disease | Downy mildew | The soft rot incidence of disease (%) | ||
| Disease index | Disease-resistant classification | Disease index | Disease-resistant classification | |||
| 2004 | Gold autumn 90 | 24.1 | R | 3.2 | HR | 0 |
| No. 3 (ck of Qin Bai 1) | 27.2 | R | 3.2 | HR | 0 | |
| No. 3 (ck of Shanxi dish 2) | 32.5 | R | 20.7 | R | 0 | |
| 2005 | Gold autumn 90 | 18.5 | R | 5.5 | HR | 0 |
| No. 3 (ck of Qin Bai 1) | 20.3 | R | 6.0 | HR | 0 | |
| No. 3 (ck of Shanxi dish 2) | 28.7 | R | 18.0 | R | 2 | |
3.3 it is best in quality
Nutritional quality analysis result on December 2nd, 2005 (agricultural product quality supervision and inspection station, Shaanxi Province mensuration): contain soluble sugar 2.48%, Vc28.2mg, raw fiber 0.568%, protein 0.96%, moisture 94.23% in the bright sample quality of gold autumns 90 Chinese cabbage 100g.Wherein, soluble sugar content is compared respectively according to No. 3, kind Qin Bai and Shanxi dish No. 3 high 12.73% and 11.21%, and Vc content is compared respectively according to No. 3, kind Qin Bai and Shanxi dish No. 3 high 11.02% and 28.18% (table 11).
Table 11 gold autumns 90 Chinese cabbage nutritional quality analysis result
| The sample title | Soluble sugar (%) | Vitamin C (mg/100g) | Raw fiber (%) | Protein (%) | Moisture (%) |
| Gold autumn 90 | 2.48 | 28.2 | 0.568 | 0.96 | 94.23 |
| No. 3 (ck of Qin Bai 1) | 2.20 | 25.4 | 0.569 | 1.36 | 93.14 |
| No. 3 (ck of Shanxi dish 2) | 2.23 | 22.0 | 0.553 | 1.15 | 91.71 |
4. the producing method for seed of Chinese cabbage first generation of hybrid gold autumn 90
4.1 parent propagation
4.1.1 breeder's stock breeding
In strict accordance with three grades of gardens reserve seed for planting, before autumn Chinese cabbage results,, heel in safe storage winter according to parent's standard maternal plant of selecting and remain, in 40～60 order gauze isolated areas, each canopy fixedly special messenger is pollinated in field planting in spring in next year.
Male sterile line RC
7Breeding canopy: male sterile line RC
7With maintenance line B
7In ratio field planting in 4: 1～5: 1, fixedly special messenger's pollination, or manually put honeybee in the net canopy, the florescence is artificial or utilize honeybee with maintenance line B
7Pollen authorize male sterile line RC
7, in time pull out maintenance line B after the blossom fall
7Plant is planted strain and gathers stage of yellow ripeness.
Maintenance line B
7The breeding canopy: artificial florescence supplementary pollination, or manually put honeybee in the net canopy, self propagated is planted strain and is gathered stage of yellow ripeness.
Male parent 03S
1207The breeding canopy: artificial florescence supplementary pollination, or manually put honeybee in the net canopy, self propagated is planted strain and is gathered stage of yellow ripeness.
4.1.2 breeding stock
Choose the typical parent of proterties, the seed of gathering in the disease-resistant strain, it is numerous that spring in next year, the gauze canopy was isolated little strain expansion.
4.2 cross-breeding technology
The selection physical features is smooth, can arrange and can irritate, the more fertile neutral sandy soil of honeybee source abundance.For preventing a string of flowers, guarantee seed purity, the seed collecting field should with the Chinese cabbage seed collecting field of other Cruciferae brassica plant (as a variety of Chinese cabbage, potherb mustard, leaf mustard, a kind of sedge dish) and different cultivars more than 2000m, level land interzone is more than 4000m.Go up September in Guanzhong area, grow seedlings the middle ten days, and on October, field planting in the middle ten days, open country is survived the winter.But also propagating seeding in cold frame about December, parents sow the same period, plastic mulching field planting at the beginning of 3 months next year.Maternal and male parent field planting ratio is 4: 1～5: 1, line-spacing 60cm, spacing in the rows 35cm, every 667m
2Plantation density 3000～3200 strains.Winter irrigation ridging before freezing, bolting shows flower bud phase heavy dressing phosphorus, potash fertilizer, attention control aphid before blooming, Flowers ending foliage fertilization, florescence can not be sprayed the insect protected medicine, in order to avoid kill and wound the pollination medium honeybee, implements to pinch pinching on time, regulates the florescence, the ridging frame is held up, and root sprays boron outward, manually puts well stimulations such as honeybee.In time pull out male parent behind the seed farm Flowers ending, plant strain and gather stage of yellow ripeness.
Claims (6)
1. cabbage hybrid selection, it is characterized in that, this method is a female parent with cabbage type rape radish cytoplasmic male sterilty material RC97-1, with Chinese cabbage inbred lines 1138 is male parent, obtain transformation generation seed by interspecific cross, the performance nothing similar to the transformation male parent of selecting and remain loses the backcross female parent of the fine individual plant of flower bud as next round; Through continuous 7 generation backcross transformation, and through economic characters select, disease resistance identifies, it is stable to select sterility, sterile plant rate and sterile degree reach 100%, the on all four cabbage plasmic male sterile system materials RC of economic characters and corresponding maintenance line
7And then with cabbage cytoplasm male sterile line RC
7Be female parent, Chinese cabbage inbred lines 03S
1207Be paternal hybrid, can obtain Chinese cabbage hybrid RC
7* 03S
1207, i.e. gold autumn 90.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the plant profile of described Chinese cabbage inbred lines 1138 is: the lotus throne leaf is upright, wealthy lanceolar, dark green leaf color, leaf margin is wavy, the blade face shrinkage, vein is fine and closely woven, middle rib is generous, light green, the high stake of leaf-head type, plant height 58.6cm, strain width of cloth 45.3cm, the long 56.6cm of leaf, the wide 29.7cm of leaf, 13 of the outer numbers of sheets, the vertical footpath of leaf-head 48.5cm, transverse diameter 16.3cm, spherical index 2.98, about the heavy 3.6kg of single ball, growth is neat, and comprehensive disease resistance is strong.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described cabbage plasmic male sterile system materials RC
7Feature be:
1. floral organ feature
Chinese cabbage cytoplasm male sterility line RC
7Flower compare with maintenance line, petal is slightly littler than corresponding maintenance line, 6 pieces on stamen, milky, flower pesticide is shrivelled, white, fine, be degenerated to sarconeme shape, stamen and flower pesticide length obviously shorten, and examine under a microscope, and can not find the pollen of this male sterile line; Gynoecium Dan Sheng, the many mastoid processes of stigma surface, ovary mode of appearance size is basic identical with maintenance line, and structure, function are normal; Nectary quantity is identical with maintenance line, and development condition is good, and look green, and the tool fragranced, can attract the normal gathering honey pollination of insect such as honeybee;
2. comprehensive gardening proterties
85 days breeding times, plant height 58.6cm, strain width of cloth 45.3cm, the leaf look dark green, and leaf margin is wavy, the high stake of leaf-head type, the long 56.6cm of leaf, the wide 29.7cm of leaf, 13 of the outer numbers of sheets, the vertical footpath of leaf-head 48.5cm, transverse diameter 16.3cm, spherical index 2.98, about the heavy 3.6kg of single ball, growth is neat, and comprehensive disease resistance is strong.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described cabbage plasmic male sterile system materials RC
7Propagation method adopt Chinese cabbage cytoplasm male sterility line RC
7Be female parent, with corresponding maintenance line B
7Hybridize for male parent, concrete grammar is: before autumn Chinese cabbage results, in strict accordance with parent's standard male sterile line RC that selects and remain
7With maintenance line B
7Maternal plant is heeled in, safe overwintering, in field planting at the beginning of 3 months spring of next year in 40～60 order gauze isolated areas, male sterile line RC
7With maintenance line B
7In ratio field planting in 4: 1～5: 1, plantation density was line-spacing 60cm, and spacing in the rows 40cm can breed cabbage plasmic male sterile system materials RC
7
5. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described inbred line 03S
1207The plant profile be: the plant strain growth gesture is strong, and plant type is upright, leaf is green, and leaf margin is wavy, and vein is fine and closely woven, middle rib width is thin, nick, light green, plant height 54cm, strain width of cloth 47cm, the oval tubular of leaf-head, the top taper, the middle part is thicker, the vertical footpath of leaf-head 50cm, transverse diameter 17cm, spherical index 2.9,13 of the outer numbers of sheets, leaf-head is filled the span of a man's arms, about single ball net weight 3kg, clean vegetables rate 78%, adaptability is strong, and comprehensive disease resistance is strong.
6. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described Chinese cabbage first generation of hybrid RC
7* 03S
1207The feature and the producing method for seed that are the gold autumn 90 are:
1. feature
Belong to the late-maturing first generation of hybrid, 90 days breeding times, neat and consistent, siphonal lobe is few, and leaf is green, ball leaf light green, white group, leaf-head is filled the span of a man's arms, high stake straight barrel type, the vertical footpath of leaf-head 56cm, transverse diameter 17cm, spherical index 3.3, single ball weighs 4.0～5.0kg, clean vegetables rate 80%, every 667m
2Output 8500～9000kg; Viral diseases, downy mildew and soft rot three big diseases, quality better, storage tolerance, happiness light, heat-resisting, the area sowing on August 5～12 of general Guanzhong, every 667m
2Plant about 2000 strains, like high rich water, note in the cultivation enriching base manure, in time topdress and water;
2. producing method for seed
A. parent propagation
I. breeder's stock breeding: reserve seed for planting in strict accordance with ground, three grades of gardens, before autumn, Chinese cabbage was gathered in the crops,, heel in safe storage winter according to parent's standard maternal plant of selecting and remain, in field planting in spring in next year in 40～60 order gauze isolated areas, male sterile line RC
7With maintenance line B
7In ratio field planting in 4: 1～5: 1; Male parent 03S
1207Self propagated;
Ii. breeding stock: choose the typical parent of proterties, the seed of gathering in the disease-resistant strain, the gauze canopy was isolated little strain and was expanded numerous spring in next year;
B. hybrid seeding
Go up September in Guanzhong area, grow seedlings the middle ten days, and October on, field planting in the middle ten days, open country is survived the winter, perhaps propagating seeding in cold frame about December, and parents sow the same period, plastic mulching field planting at the beginning of 3 months next year, female parent and male parent field planting ratio are 4: 1～5: 1, every 667m
2Plantation density 3000～3200 strains.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102487743A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-06-13 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Method of adjusting flowering synchronization for cabbage seed production |
| CN104186307A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-10 | 安徽农科爱是福粮油有限公司 | Breeding method for cabbage type rape to be taken as vegetable and for pressing oil |
| CN109430050A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-08 | 曲靖市滇冠种业有限公司 | Chinese cabbage crossing breeding cultivation method |
| CN109566406A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-04-05 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of selection of brassica plant vegetables cenospecies |
| CN112189563A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-01-08 | 西南大学 | Method for accelerating transformation of cytoplasmic male sterile line of brassica napus |
| CN112493115A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-16 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Method for creating cabbage with tip in Yutian for late bolting and application thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102487743A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-06-13 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Method of adjusting flowering synchronization for cabbage seed production |
| CN104186307A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-10 | 安徽农科爱是福粮油有限公司 | Breeding method for cabbage type rape to be taken as vegetable and for pressing oil |
| CN109430050A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-08 | 曲靖市滇冠种业有限公司 | Chinese cabbage crossing breeding cultivation method |
| CN109566406A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-04-05 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of selection of brassica plant vegetables cenospecies |
| CN112189563A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-01-08 | 西南大学 | Method for accelerating transformation of cytoplasmic male sterile line of brassica napus |
| CN112493115A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-16 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Method for creating cabbage with tip in Yutian for late bolting and application thereof |
| CN112493115B (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2022-05-03 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Method for creating cabbage with tip in Yutian for late bolting and application thereof |
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