CN102487743A - Method of adjusting flowering synchronization for cabbage seed production - Google Patents
Method of adjusting flowering synchronization for cabbage seed production Download PDFInfo
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- CN102487743A CN102487743A CN2011103341254A CN201110334125A CN102487743A CN 102487743 A CN102487743 A CN 102487743A CN 2011103341254 A CN2011103341254 A CN 2011103341254A CN 201110334125 A CN201110334125 A CN 201110334125A CN 102487743 A CN102487743 A CN 102487743A
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Abstract
The invention relates to improvement of a method of adjusting flowering synchronization for cabbage seed production, which is characterized in that after cabbages start heading, a whole leaf head of a parent which flowers later in a normal-year fixed seed production group is cut off, 10 to 12 outer leaves remain, 3 to 4 stronger axillary buds remain on the tenth to fifteenth day after head cutting and/or when buds grow 2-3cm in length, and other weaker axillary buds are removed. By the method, the flowering period of the normal-year parent which flowers later is 5-7 days earlier, flowering synchronization of female parents and male parents can be facilitated, early flowering can further avoid extraordinarily occurring scorching weather, and accordingly, seed production output is ensured. Especially, flowering number of a single male plant treated by the method can be increased by 56%-66%. A male-female planting ratio of a hybrid seed production group with female parents independently harvested can be changed to 2:3, and seed production can be increased by about 20-30% as compared with seed production with a male-female planting ratio 1:1. The method is simple and easy to implement, enables flowering of male and female parents to be synchronized early, and ensures seed production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is the improvement of the wild cabbage production of hybrid seeds being regulated the flower synchronization method, relates in particular to a kind of wild cabbage to be bloomed in advance, and can increase the method that the adjusting head cabbage seed production florescence of spending several and seed production meets.
Background technology
Head cabbage belongs to Cruciferae, and rape belongs to, and is the biennial herb plant.Originate in Mediterranean Bei Yan, be worldwide culturing vegetable at present, and Europe, American States are main vegetables.After head cabbage is imported China in 16th century, because its adaptability and strong stress resistance, stable yields, storage tolerance again, therefore very fast in China's cultivation development, present annual cultivated area has reached 400,000 hm
2More than, in the vegetables year-round supply and the export trade, all occupy critical role, so wild cabbage crossbreeding area enlarges constantly also.The production of hybrid seeds of conventional junction cabbage: August, seeding and seedling raising was coiled in the parent cave, waited wholeheartedly field planting land for growing field crops of seedling 4 leaves, March next year, the wild cabbage ball was scratched (generally standardized cross on ball) with cutter, was beneficial to the wild cabbage bolting and bloomed.
Influencing one of wild cabbage hybrid seed yield the biggest factor is these flowering asynchronisms of father and mother; Both florescences differ 3 days little with interior influence; If both florescences differed more than 3 days; Will influence hybrid seed yield, the many more hybrid seed yields of number of days different are low more, if parent is bloomed and finished and another parent does not bloom also that No kernels or seeds are gathered, as in a year of scarcity with causing.Run into this flowering asynchronism of father and mother, prior art generally all is to adopt to prune branch to the parent of blooming earlier and postpone flowering stage.Though this this parent's of way deferrable flowering stage, after the branch that grows obviously not as primary sturdy, and plant nutrition consumption is big, the quantity that causes blooming obviously reduces, hybrid seed yield also descends thereupon; Secondly, adopt and postpone flowering stage, will be difficult to avoid the hot weather that possibly occur flowering stage, can influence hybrid seed yield equally for the wild cabbage production of hybrid seeds.Regulate this florescence of father and mother though also have this implantation time of the adjustment of employing father and mother on the agricultural; But it is limited for this method practical adjustments florescence fate of wild cabbage; Generally can only regulate 2-3 days, regulate father and mother's this sowing time means even therefore adopt, this flowering asynchronism of father and mother phenomenon still is difficult to avoid.In addition; Though prior art also has multiple this flower synchronization of adjusting plant father and mother method; Chinese patent CN86106655 regulating agent for flowering for example, the method for Chinese patent CN101627721 widening insect pollination range of vegetable crossbreed seed, Chinese patent CN102204498A regulates the method at loquat florescence; Chinese patent CN102197768A regulates the method at Paphiopedilum micranthum florescence; The Chinese patent CN101156535 control spring stem of noble dendrobium is bloomed and the method for breeding, Chinese patent CN1957668 method for regulating and controlling blooming period of spring dendrobium stem, Chinese patent CN1774999 Winter-spring wheat crossbreeding etc.Yet objectively different plant florescence control methods do not have versatility, so aforementioned adjusting florescence method all is to certain species, the florescence is regulated in their basically all inapplicable head cabbage production of hybrid seeds.
Secondly, wild cabbage production of hybrid seeds full-bloom stage is all at the beginning of mid-April to 5 month, and this period abnormal climate occurs frequently now, and mid-April to May, high temperature more than 28 ℃ even 30 ℃ appearred in menophania regular meeting.And temperature is more than 28 ℃ the time, and it is solid to influence wild cabbage, and in the time of more than the temperature to 30 ℃, wild cabbage is just shaky fully, meets such temperature at the wild cabbage full-bloom stage and will cause the wild cabbage underproduction or even total crop failure.For example 2011 just because of mid or late April temperature too highly cause the general underproduction of the wild cabbage production of hybrid seeds, the hybrid seed yield of each kind has only the 10%-50% in normal time, indivedual kinds almost have no harvest.(avoid hot weather) if the wild cabbage florescence in 2011 can be shifted to an earlier date about 1 week, hybrid seed yield will improve greatly.Therefore; Consider and make the florescence avoid the abnormal high temperature weather that possibly occur; In the wild cabbage production of hybrid seeds process, if because a parent bloom and cause easily under the situation of flowering asynchronism late, flowering stage of this parent as early as possible; Rather than the flowering stage of postponing another parent reach this flower synchronization of father and mother, can at utmost avoid full-bloom stage possibly run into hot weather like this.
Therefore, this flowering asynchronism of father and mother, and possibly run into hot weather flowering stage, and become the two big major obstacles that influence the wild cabbage hybrid seed yield, fail all the time to break through.
In addition, the wild cabbage production of hybrid seeds is to confirm this planting proportion of father and mother according to father and mother's quantity of blooming originally, generally all is to adopt the field planting of this 1:1 of father and mother ratio, to guarantee that enough paternal pollens are arranged.And single debit's formula is taked in increasing hybrid combination, promptly only receives maternal seed, and male parent is promptly pulled out male parent only as the parent that pollinates after maternal whole the spending, and causes hybrid seed output to be merely two plant half the of receiving.
Above-mentioned deficiency still has is worth improved place.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, provides that a kind of method is simple, cost is low, can not only the easy adjusting flower synchronization, and can do sth. in advance the method that adjusting head cabbage seed production florescence that wild cabbage blooms meets.
The object of the invention realizes, the main improvement is that the whole ball of after wild cabbage begins balling, with instrument (for example cutter) the normal time fixedly being bloomed in the production of hybrid seeds combination than slow parent prescinds, and stays siphonal lobe 10-12 sheet; Cut behind the ball 10-15 days, and when sprouting length reaches 2-3 centimetre, stayed 3-4 sturdy relatively axillalry bud; Peel off all the other small and weak relatively axillalry buds; Can make the parent's advance flowering period of blooming late about an about week, not only can make this flower synchronization of father and mother, and bloom in advance and can also avoid the hot weather that possibly occur flowering stage as far as possible; Thereby overcome the deficiency of prior art, realize the object of the invention.Specifically; The present invention regulates the method that the head cabbage seed production florescence meets; Parent's whole leaf-head prescinds to it is characterized in that beginning behind the balling fixedly to bloom late in the production of hybrid seeds combination the normal time by wild cabbage, stays siphonal lobe 10-12 sheet, cuts behind the ball 10-15 days and/or sprouting length when reaching 2-3 centimetre; Stay 3-4 sturdy relatively axillalry bud, peel off all the other small and weak relatively axillalry buds.
Before detailed description, earlier do an introduction, so that those skilled in the art have one clearly to understand to this patent general plotting technical scheme and the basic fundamental effect that reaches through the basic function and the effect that can reach to invention.
The production of hybrid seeds wild cabbage balling initial stage (usually about plantation 12 months then at the beginning of), with the normal time fixedly the production of hybrid seeds bloom in making up whole the cutting off of parent's leaf-head slower, stay siphonal lobe 10-12 sheet; Cut behind the ball 10-15 days; Slice off will emerge for example 5-10 of sprouting of plant behind the cue ball, select to stay 3-4 sturdy relatively axillalry bud, remove unnecessary small and weak axillalry bud; The 3-4 that a selects and remain sprouting slowly grows up, and the beginning of spring in the coming year bolting bloom.Test finds that this method can make and cuts the ball parent florescence and obtain can making advance flowering period about an about week in advance, not only can reach to make this flower synchronization of father and mother, and bloom in advance and also can avoid the hot weather that the slow florescence possibly occur.In addition, cut ball test and find that also the method not only can shift to an earlier date, regulate the florescence, and can also increase the individual plant that cuts the ball parent sum of blooming; The individual plant number of blooming can increase by 65%, and this planting proportion of father and mother is to come surely according to the quantity of blooming, and generally controls father's flower of female parent number about 1:1; Individual plant blooms to count to be increased, and for the maternal seed hybrid combination of single receipts, can select this collocation of father and mother; Improve unit are maternal plant quantity through reducing male parent strain number, improve unit are hybrid seed output.
Because the inventive method can make and cut the ball parent and increase the number of blooming; Therefore can select slow relatively male parent of florescence; Improve the male parent amount of blooming through male parent being cut ball, change father and mother's planting proportion, this ratio of father and mother changes 2:3 into; Improve the planting of maternal amount, production of hybrid seeds can improve hybrid seeding output (two receipts production of hybrid seeds combinations are not influenced output) for the single debit's formula of hybrid combination for this.
Among the present invention, except that above-mentioned adjusting florescence method changed, all the other all with the production of hybrid seeds of prior art head cabbage, were for example sowed, grow seedlings, field planting, management are consistent with the production of hybrid seeds of conventional junction cabbage.Early or mid August sowing (there is concrete kind the concrete sowing time and decide, and is slightly variant), wait seedling 4 leaves wholeheartedly field planting arrive seed farm, normal management.December, elementary wild cabbage began with instrument (for example cutter) the whole ball of the parent that it is slower that the normal time blooms to be prescinded behind the balling, stayed siphonal lobe 10-12 sheet, cut behind the ball 10-15 days, when sprouting grows to 2-3 centimetre high, stayed 3-4 sprouting, cut off all the other sproutings.
The technical staff should be understood that and understands; Stay the number of sheets described in the present invention, stay the sprouting number; Be not one to be decided to be definite value; Just the present invention tests a kind of preferable interval, depart from this interval value and just do not represent and can not realize basic function of the present invention and effect, so the deviation on the numerical value should be regarded as in technical scheme scope of the present invention equally.
The present invention regulates the method that the head cabbage seed production florescence meets; With respect to prior art; Owing to adopt preceding method, the normal time was bloomed parent's early flowering phase 5-7 days late, both helped this flower synchronization of father and mother; And early flowering can also avoid the unusual hot weather that occurs, thereby guarantees hybrid seed yield.The paternal plant of particularly handling through the present invention; The individual plant number of blooming can increase 56%-66%; Thereby can change this planting proportion of father and mother into 2:3; For single hybrid seeding combination of receiving female parent, make and to improve hybrid seed yield through the planting proportion that increases female parent that former relatively 1:1 kind is planted the hybrid seed yield that can improve about 20-30%.The inventive method had both avoided the prior art employing to make the parent of blooming earlier postpone flowering stage, caused the shortcoming that the back branch out is small and weak, the obvious minimizing of quantity is bloomed in plant nutrition consumption greatly, and can avoiding again blooms is prone to meet the shortcoming of hot weather.Florescence method of adjustment of the present invention is simple, is easy to realize, guarantees hybrid seed yield, and this advance flowering period of father and mother is met, and at least in the hybrid combination production of hybrid seeds, can take this 2:3 of father and mother planting proportion, and this is the two big characteristics that are different from prior art or additive method.
Below in conjunction with a specific embodiment, essence of the present invention is further understood in exemplary illustration and help, but the embodiment detail only is for the present invention is described; Do not represent the present invention to conceive whole technical schemes down; Therefore should not be construed as the technical scheme qualification total to the present invention, some are In the view of the technical staff, and the unsubstantiality that does not depart from the present invention's design increases and/or change; For example simple the change or replacement of technical characterictic to have same or similar technique effect all belongs to protection domain of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment: No. 10, No. 14 late-maturing not affine parents of two wild cabbage selfings are adopted in test.
1, seeding and seedling raising field planting
August 15, two wild cabbage parents respectively broadcast 2 cave dishes, every dish 128 caves, 1 in every cave.Treat that seedling grows to 4 leaves field planting land for growing field crops wholeheartedly the time, each kind is divided 10 sub-district field planting, 20 strains of every sub-district, the alternate plantation of this 1:1 of father and mother, normal management.
2, cut ball
At the beginning of the plant strain growth to 11 month, begun to have leaf-head to form.Beginning on November 10,2 kinds respectively select a sub-district to prescind established cue ball, stay siphonal lobe 10-12 sheet; After this, whenever select 1 sub-district to cut ball once at a distance from 15 days each kinds, method was cut ball in for the first time identical to March 10 for the last time, cut ball altogether 9 times.And after cutting ball 10-15 days, and/or sprouting length selects sturdy new axillalry bud to stay 3-4 when reaching 2-3 centimetre, peels off all the other axillalry buds at every turn.
3, draw ball
Last does not cut the sub-district of ball and adopted traditional producing method for seed March 10, with cutter standardized cross on the wild cabbage ball, is beneficial to the wild cabbage bolting and blooms, as contrast.
The florescence is carried out in each 10 processing of two parents, plant height, the one-level branch amount, the number of always blooming waits and writes down contrast, sees table one, table two.
Test shows: the plant of before February 8, adopting the inventive method to handle, and all compare photograph in every respect and more have superiority, before February 8; Adopt the comparison of the inventive method plant blossom phase according to 2-6 days and 2-5 days ahead of time respectively; Plant height, the sum of blooming, one-level branch amount also all are superior to contrast; The plant advantage of wherein cutting ball on December 10 is (in several contrast processing, bloom the earliest, the individual plant quantity of blooming is maximum) the most obviously.Two parents that handled (this moment, the leaf-head diameter was at 8-10 centimetre) on December 10 compared respectively flowering stage according to early 6 days and 5 days, individual plant is always spent number to compare to have shone many 920 and more than 800, the solid amount of individual plant is compared respectively and has been shone 5.8g and 5.3g many, increases production nearly one times.
Can make average individual plant spend number to increase owing to cut the ball parent, thereby this planting proportion of father and mother can be by the 2:3 field planting.
To those skilled in the art, under this patent design and specific embodiment enlightenment, some distortion that can directly derive or associate from this patent disclosure and general knowledge; Those of ordinary skills will recognize also can adopt additive method, or uses substituting of known technology in the prior art always, and the equivalence of characteristic changes or modification; Mutual various combination between characteristic, for example kind changes, and specifically plants, cuts the change of ball time; Or the like unsubstantiality change, can be employed equally, can both realize this patent representation function and effect; Launch for example no longer one by one to describe in detail, all belong to this patent protection domain.
Claims (3)
1. regulate the method that the head cabbage seed production florescence meets; Parent's whole leaf-head prescinds to it is characterized in that beginning behind the balling fixedly to bloom late in the production of hybrid seeds combination the normal time by wild cabbage; Stay siphonal lobe 10-12 sheet; Cut behind the ball 10-15 days and/or sprouting length when reaching 2-3 centimetre, stay 3-4 sturdy relatively axillalry bud, peel off all the other small and weak relatively axillalry buds.
2. the method for meeting according to the said adjusting of claim 1 head cabbage seed production florescence is characterized in that wild cabbage cuts ball behind the beginning balling, and leaf-head carries out when growing to diameter 8-10 centimetre.
3. the method for meeting according to claim 1 or 2 said adjusting head cabbage seed production florescences is characterized in that this planting proportion of father and mother is 2:3.
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| CN2011103341254A CN102487743A (en) | 2011-10-28 | 2011-10-28 | Method of adjusting flowering synchronization for cabbage seed production |
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| CN2011103341254A CN102487743A (en) | 2011-10-28 | 2011-10-28 | Method of adjusting flowering synchronization for cabbage seed production |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103141294A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-06-12 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Method for reducing germination rate of common head cabbage seed pods |
| CN104160856A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-11-26 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Cultivation method for increasing cut-flower amount and seed production amount of collard |
| CN104885735A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-09-09 | 镇江鑫源达园艺科技有限公司 | Method for seed reproduction of cabbage parent with anther having difficulty in powder scattering |
| CN104885736A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-09-09 | 镇江鑫源达园艺科技有限公司 | Method for improving wild cabbage seed production yield |
| CN104920006A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-09-23 | 镇江鑫源达园艺科技有限公司 | Flower synchronization adjustment method for brassica oleracea seed production |
| CN105123176A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-12-09 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for improving seed production yield and quality of common head cabbage cenospecies Tanchun |
| CN108901833A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2018-11-30 | 重庆市农业科学院 | A method of branched out using axillary bud and improves early maturing cabbage first-filial generation hybrid seed yield |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103141294A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-06-12 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Method for reducing germination rate of common head cabbage seed pods |
| CN103141294B (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2014-09-03 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Method for reducing germination rate of common head cabbage seed pods |
| CN104160856A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-11-26 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Cultivation method for increasing cut-flower amount and seed production amount of collard |
| CN104160856B (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2016-01-20 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | A kind of cultivation method improving kale cut-flower amount and production of hybrid seeds amount |
| CN104885735A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-09-09 | 镇江鑫源达园艺科技有限公司 | Method for seed reproduction of cabbage parent with anther having difficulty in powder scattering |
| CN104885736A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-09-09 | 镇江鑫源达园艺科技有限公司 | Method for improving wild cabbage seed production yield |
| CN104920006A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-09-23 | 镇江鑫源达园艺科技有限公司 | Flower synchronization adjustment method for brassica oleracea seed production |
| CN105123176A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-12-09 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for improving seed production yield and quality of common head cabbage cenospecies Tanchun |
| CN105123176B (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2018-05-18 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of method for improving cabbage cenospecies ' visiting the spring ' hybrid seed yield and quality |
| CN108901833A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2018-11-30 | 重庆市农业科学院 | A method of branched out using axillary bud and improves early maturing cabbage first-filial generation hybrid seed yield |
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Application publication date: 20120613 |