CN102090324A - High-yield and high-quality breeding method for new corn hybrid variety - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-yield and high-quality breeding method for new corn hybrid variety, comprising the following steps: taking a self-bred line Guanfeng 128 with high combining ability, pure gene and far genetic relationship as a male parent and taking a self-bred line 103 as a female parent to perform the hybridization so as to prepare the high-yield, high-quality, disease-resistant and close planting resistance new corn hybrid variety Guanfeng 118; breeding the female parent 103 by building a group from three land corn varieties in America, isolating freely, mixing powder for two generations, mixing and continuously self-crossing for multiple generations; after matching the male parent self-bred line 128 with dan 340 with huangzaosi, forming a first-generation base material by crossing huangzaosi once; obtaining a second-generation seed by bagging and self-crossing; obtaining a third-generation seed by taking pollen and REID series material to cross; and then breeding by alternatively, circularly and continuously self-crossing in the north and in the south. The breeding method in the invention is reasonable and effective; the breeding progress is quick; and the bred new corn hybrid variety Guanfeng 118 has excellent quality, high yield, good disease and fall resistance, wide adaptability, wide popularization value and good development prospect.

Description

A kind of selection of high yield and high quality corn hybridization new varieties

Technical field

The present invention relates to the crop breeding technology, relate in particular to the selection of corn variety.

Background technology

Corn is one of the widest main cereal crops that distribute in the world.Since last century the '30s, countries in the world all utilizing the heterosis, hybrid vigor seed selection and promoting the superior corn crossbreed as the important channel of improving corn yield, improvement corn quality, have also obtained extensive use in China.Corn occupies critical role as one of main cereal crops of China in national economy.Constantly seek to improve the new way of corn yield for many years for the demand that satisfies people's lives.Because corn update process is slow, the seed selection cycle is long, needs to improve breeding method.In the northern China wide geographic area, the particularly Maize Production in corn planting district, the Yellow River and Huai He River Haiti district, exist disease resistance relatively poor, the problem of easily falling influences the stable raising of corn yield.

Summary of the invention

Purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of selection of corn variety, accelerates the seed selection progress, and improvement corn quality is cultivated the new varieties of disease-resistant, resistant to lodging, high yield, stable yields, the raising of promotion corn yield.

Task of the present invention is finished like this: the selection of studying a kind of high yield and high quality corn hybridization new varieties, with the corn variety inbred line hat 128 that high-combining ability, gene pure, affiliation are far away make male parent, inbred line hat 103 carries out assembly hybridization as female parent, make high yield, high-quality, corn hybridization new varieties disease-resistant, anti-dense planting and be preced with rich 118.Maternal inbred line hat 103 is to set up colony with three field corn kinds of the U.S. to isolate and freely mix 2 generations of powder, get the part seed at random after mixing receipts, isolate pollination continuously, selecting good plant to mix takes off, continue to isolate 3 generations of pollination, select the selfing of excellent strain bagging, continuously 6 generations of selfing, select disease-resistant, anti-ly to fall, plant leaf upper punch, seed half horse flute profile, glossiness head progeny row, breed the high inbred line hat 103 of general combining ability.Male parent inbred line hat 128 is early four with after pellet 340 cooperates with Huang, early four carry out assembly with Huang again, form the 1st generation basic material, the bagging selfing obtained for the 2nd generation, carry out high-density planting then winter in south, kind of the test of disease knot, select the individual plant bagging selfing of better resistance, get pollen and the REID based material is hybridized, obtain the 3rd generation seed, in north the 3rd generation family, carry out the bagging selfed breeding, in conjunction with disease resistance, fecundity is carried out preferred and is carried out coordinate force and identify, filter out the 4th generation seed, continuation is in the north, the south alternate cycles is carried out selfing, and through combining ability test and assembly test, screening obtained for the 5th generation, the 6th generation seed, through multiple spot strange land planting experiment, identify, breed inbred line hat 128.Plant in multiple spot strange land, northern provinces and regions, proof corn hybridization new varieties are preced with that rich 118 resistance are outstanding, fecundity is good, output is high, adaptability is extensive, detect through Ministry of Agriculture's cereal and quality of item supervision and inspection center, be preced with the general per mu yield 700kg of rich 118 corns, the highest per mu yield reaches more than the 1000kg, corn unit weight 803 grams per liters, crude protein 9.64%, crude fat 4.73%, thick starch 73.01%, every index all is better than the concerned countries standard.

Implement, verify according to technique scheme, prove that selection of the present invention is reasonable, workable, the seed selection progress is fast, effective, that the corn hybridization new varieties that select are preced with is rich 118 best in quality, output is high, disease-resistant resistant to lodging, wide adaptability, have promotional value and bright development prospect widely, reached predetermined purpose preferably.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific implementation process the present invention further is illustrated.

Maternal seed selection: rose with three field corn kinds of the U.S. in 1998 and to set up colony, isolate in Hainan and freely to mix 2 generations of powder, get the part seed at random after mixing receipts, isolate open pollination continuously, select good plant to continue to isolate 3 generations of pollinating, select disease-resistant, anti-ly to fall, plant leaf upper punch, seed half horse flute profile, glossiness head progeny row, survey and join the high plant bagging selfing of general combining ability, play in Hainan 6 generations of continuous selfing in 2000 winter, in November, 2003 seed selection forms hat 103 corn varieties and does maternal.The seed selection of male parent: early four produced for the 1st generation in Hainan with Huang in 2001 with red 340 assembly basic materials, planted in Shandong in 2002, carry out the bagging selfing and obtained for the 2nd generation, carry out high-density planting, disease inoculation test then winter in Hainan, screen individual plant selfing disease-resistant, anti-dense planting and obtained for the 3rd generation.Selected good head progeny row to carry out selfing 200 parts of Shandong plantations, and obtained for the 4th generation in 2003.Carry out the emphasis seed selection then winter in Hainan, through natural selection and combining ability test, filter out 50 part the 5th generation family.Planted in Shandong in 2004 the 5th generation family, proceed the disease inoculation, in conjunction with the coordinate force qualification result, filter out 5 parts of whole selfings of family, obtain stability series the 6th generation seed.Carry out a large amount of assembly tests then winter in Hainan, obtain 5 crossbreed familys.Rose in Shandong in 2005, northern areas such as Shanxi, Henan, Hebei carry out multiple spot strange land plantation on a large scale and identify that selected at last outstanding family hat 128 is made male parent.Female parent hat 103 and male parent hat 128 are prepared preferred, obtained high yield, stable yields, high-quality, anti-ly fall, disease-resistant corn hybridization new varieties are preced with rich 118.Being preced with rich 118 biological property is: plant height 250cm, fringe position 100cm, spike length 20cm, head progeny row 16 row, several 38 of row grain, 100-grain weight 38.0g, seed-producing rate 88%.In 2008 Ministry of Agriculture's cereal and quality of item supervision and inspection center are detected, unit weight 803g/L, crude protein 9.64%, crude fat 4.73%, thick starch 73.01%.Planting density is 4000～4500 strain/mus, identifies through field planting test, and 100 days vegetative period of summer sowing were than agricultural university 108 short 5 days.General per mu yield 700kg, the highest per mu yield can reach more than the 1000kg.

The present invention adopts in the north, southern alternate cycles and adds the mode for breeding, has accelerated the seed selection progress of new varieties.Through for a long time, in a large number, plant widely, screen, measure, final seed selection becomes the corn hybridization new varieties to be preced with rich 118.Inoculation is identified through Inst. of Plant Protection, Shanxi Prov. Academy of Agricaultural Sciences, is preced with rich 118 anti-ear rots, short mosaic disease, middle resistance to bacterial wilt, rough dwarf disease, head smut, leaf blight, and fecundity is good, does not have empty bar, the plant root prosperity, cane is tough and tensile, and is high resistant to lodging.Outstanding feature is high-quality, high yield, disease-resistant, resistant to lodging.Be suitable for having bright development prospect in the northern area plantation.

Claims (3)

1. the selection of high yield and high quality corn hybridization new varieties, it is characterized in that be with high-combining ability, gene pure, affiliation corn variety inbred line hat 128 far away make male parent, inbred line hat 103 carries out assembly hybridization as female parent, make high yield, high-quality, corn hybridization new varieties disease-resistant, anti-dense planting and be preced with rich 118.

2. according to the selection of the described high yield and high quality corn hybridization of claim 1 new varieties, it is characterized in that said maternal inbred line hat 103 is to set up colony with three field corn kinds of the U.S., isolate and freely to mix 2 generations of powder, get the part seed at random after mixing receipts, isolate pollination continuously, selecting good plant to mix takes off, continue to isolate 3 generations of pollinating, select the selfing of excellent strain bagging, continuous 6 generations of selfing, select disease-resistant, anti-ly to fall, plant leaf upper punch, seed half horse flute profile, glossiness head progeny row, breed the high inbred line hat 103 of general combining ability.

3. according to the selection of the described high yield and high quality corn hybridization of claim 1 new varieties, it is characterized in that said male parent inbred line hat 128 is early four with after pellet 340 cooperates with Huang, early four carry out assembly with Huang again, form the 1st generation basic material, the bagging selfing obtained for the 2nd generation, carry out high-density planting then winter in south, kind of the test of disease knot, select the individual plant bagging selfing of better resistance, get pollen and REID based material and hybridize acquisition the 3rd generation seed, carry out the bagging selfing at north, in conjunction with disease resistance, fecundity is carried out preferred and is carried out coordinate force and identify, filter out the 4th generation seed, continue in the north, the south alternate cycles is carried out selfing, through combining ability test and assembly test, screening obtained for the 5th generation, the 6th generation seed, through multiple spot strange land planting experiment, identify, breed inbred line hat 128.