CN103960132A - Production method of rice seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention introduces a production method of rice seeds. The production method is characterized by adopting rice variety seeds generated by intermediate indica japonica restorer R900. The intermediate indica and japonica restorer R900 is a high-yielding, high-quality and multi-resistant uniform new rice variety selected by breeding an intermediate material with big warehouse, sufficient sources, high setting percentage and good circularity by utilizing strong hybrid vigour of indica japonica subspecies through broad spectrum broad affinity genes, then selecting multi-resistant seeding head germplasm with polymerized indica japonica stress resistance genes by utilizing high pressure screening and finally a variety of rice which is high in yield, good in quality and uniform in multi-resistant performances can be obtained by inspecting the rice quality.

Description

A kind of production method of rice paddy seed

Technical field

The present invention relates to new variety of plant breeding technique field, specifically, relate to a kind of production method of rice paddy seed.

Background technology

Paddy rice is one of topmost cereal crops of China and even the whole world, relies on scientific and technological advances and continues to increase substantially rice yield, is the inevitable choice that solves global Food Security.Since the eighties in last century, the countries such as Japanese, international paddy rice institute and mechanism successively implement super hybridization rice breeding plan, but because difficulty is large, technology path is not proper, and the kind being bred as is because the problems such as rice matter, resistance and ripening rate are difficult to spread, fails so far.The Ministry of Agriculture of China starts super hybridization rice breeding plan for 1996, within 1997, Academician YUAN Long-ping has been delivered famous " Super High-yield Breeding of Hybrid Rice " paper, concrete technology path and the imagination of Rice Super-yield Breeding have been proposed, guide national super hybridization rice breeding to step into rapidly fast traffic lane, a series of achievements leading in the world are in succession obtained, first phase per unit area yield 10.5t/ha target, second phase per unit area yield 12.0t/ha target realized in 2000 and 2004 in succession, and improved variety is large scale application on producing.On September 18th, 2011, survey to produce through expert group of the Ministry of Agriculture and check and accept, reach 13.9t/ha at the average per unit area yield of hundred mu of super hybridized rices " excellent No. 2 of Y two " of Yang Guao township, Longhui County, Hunan Province plantation, indicate that China's third phase super hybridization rice breeding has obtained important breakthrough.

But China agricultural resources occupancy volume per person is very low, per capita cultivated land's occupancy volume is only 1/3rd of world average level, and along with the quickening of urbanization process, China's arable area presents the trend of successively decreasing year by year.The communique of issuing according to Ministry of Land and Resources, China's arable area has approached the red line of 1,800,000,000 mu, and continuous decrease likely.Due to the rigidity restriction of the agricultural resourcess such as arable land, grain security faces unprecedented threat.The unique channel that the national conditions that people subtracts with increasing have determined to realize increases in grain production is to cultivate great new varieties, improves unit yield.On the other hand, along with the large area that super hybridized rice is combined in production is promoted rapidly, also exposed existing super hybridized rice and combined the shortcoming that disease-resistant resistance is poor, be difficult to give full play to its yield potential, in production practices, the cry of the new combination of the super hybridized rice of enantiopathy strong stress resistance is more and more higher.And, along with the progress of agricultural modernization, the improvement of living standards of the people, rice varieties not only requires high yield, stable yields, also should have better, product quality more fully.On rice market, presenting that superior rice is in great demand, the unsalable situation of rice inferior, illustrate that rice quality can't meet people's demand, realize Super-high-yielding and high-quality combines, is the reality needs of raising Rice Cropping benefit and living standards of the people.In addition, trans-corporation pours in, and has seriously pushed the living space of domestic Seed enterprises.More seriously; owing to lacking intellectual property protection consciousness; after a lot of germ plasm resource of China, genetic resources are stolen and clone, become conversely again the patent means of restriction China of trans-corporation technical development abroad, the germ plasm resource to China and seed industry have formed safely threat.In sum, the original innovation new rice variety that development " degeneration-resistant, high-quality, Super-high-yielding " combines is also protected keeping China hybrid rice leading position and ensureing that China's grain security is all significant.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, in breaking existing variety yield bottleneck, realizes " Super-high-yielding, high-quality, how anti-" and combines, and the new rice variety of seed selection original innovation, and the production method of corresponding rice paddy seed is provided.

The object of the invention is to provide a kind of method that uses Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer " R900 " to produce rice paddy seed.In August, 2004, obtain F1 as maternal with " E32 " hybridization taking wide affine japonica rice " 02428 ", in succession hybridize with " first extensive 207 ", " samsara 422 " again, within 2007, from three friendship F3 generations, select fine individual plant and raise No. 6 hybridization of rice, and obtain the Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer material of good stable through the systematic breeding in 4 years 8 generations, taking this material as male parent and the excellent sterile such as Peiai 64S, Y58S be test cross combo, hybrid combination is had outstanding performance, and then this Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer material is named as " R900 ".

A kind of method that uses Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer " R900 " to produce rice paddy seed, can realize by following measures:

In paddy fields, directly use Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer " R900 " natural propagation can obtain a large amount of rice paddy seeds.

The present invention comprises equally and utilizes Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer " R900 " plant organ or unicellular or haploid tissue to cultivate, and differentiation and regeneration obtains the seed that plant is individual and propagation obtains.

This area can obtain easily by the following method with Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer " R900 " and similarly derive from rice varieties seed with administrative staff: (1) is choosing: plantation a large amount of " R900 " colony, the therefrom slightly vicissitudinous new strains of system selection traits; (2) improvement: taking " R900 " as acceptor, by means such as hybridization or backcross breeding, molecular improvement, transgenosiss, the constant modified form " R900 " of acquisition major traits; (3) sudden change: " R900 " mutant that utilizes the mutating technology such as radioinduction, mutagenesis means to produce.

Another application of the invention is to produce rice paddy seed by hybrid seeding, it is realized by following measures: (1) adopts " R900 " or its derivation kind as male parent, comprise that using male sterible series of rice photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line, Cytoplasm nuclear interaction male sterile line and intelligent male sterile line etc. are as female parent, hybrid seeding is produced rice paddy seed; (2) utilize the means such as artificial emasculation, chemical emasculation or the transformation of importing sterile gene that " R900 " or its are derived to kind as female parent, other rice varieties is as male parent, and hybrid seeding is produced rice paddy seed.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

1, output is high: " R900 " is by utilizing wide spectrum wide compatibility gene and Xian round-grained rice to hand over the Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer of seed selection.Owing to having utilized the inter-subspecific heterosis of higher level, it is generous, flourishing that it has blade, the large source of big panicle many grains per panicle, storehouse foot, plant type ideal, be in the milk powerful, the features such as stem stalk is sturdy, highly anti-fall, the seed of producing taking " R900 " as male parent can be easy to realize Super-high-yielding.

2, rice is of fine quality: meal taste is pure, good palatability.Measure through rice inspection center of the Ministry of Agriculture, its Major Grain matter index reaches 3 grades of superior rices of national gold standard.

3, resistance: combine the long-grained nonglutinous rice feature strong with japonica rice low temperature tolerance ability that discolor, high temperature resistance, cold tolerance are all very strong.

4, wide adaptability: north to Hanzhong, Yu Nan, in containing the Yangtze river basin, south reaches south China, Hainan, all can plant and obtain Super-high-yielding.

5, be easy to the production of hybrid seeds: " R900 " big panicle many grains per panicle, pollen amount is large, is easy to realize seed production and high-yield taking it as male parent.

Specific embodiment:

Embodiment 1,

" R900 " big panicle many grains per panicle, tillering ability is strong, pollen amount foot, the florescence is longer.2013, in Yongzhou City area, taking " R900 " as male parent, rice photo-thermo-sensitive male sterile line Y58S was that female parent carries out the production of hybrid seeds.Male parent " R900 " is broadcast in two batches, first May 22 sowing, and second batch sowing on May 29, every mu with planting 0.4 kilogram, and light seeding is even to be broadcast.Sowed maternal Y58S on June 5, every mu with plant 1.75 kilograms, every mu of rice seedling bed seeding quantity is 10 kilograms.Harrow a field simultaneously 10 kilograms of every mu of rice seedling bed sealing fertilizers, the paddy of collapsing after broadcasting.When rice shoot 1.5 leaf, execute urea 5-7.5 kg/acre, before transplanting, within 5-7 days, execute urea 5-7.5 kg/acre, and desinsection.June 13 has harrowed land for growing field crops and has played 15 kilograms, base fertilizer (composite fertilizer) simultaneously, and male parent was transplanted June 14 simultaneously, and every cave plants 2-3 grain paddy, unpack for 2.2 meters, row, than 12: 2, is inserted 5 × 6 cun of duplicate rows, every mu of Basic Seedling more than 1.5 thousand ten thousand, was executed striking root fertilizer (urea) 3-4 kilogram on June 19.Maternal in transplanting on June 27,4 × 4.5 cun of seeding row spacings, more than every mu of 2.3 ten thousand root and stem of certain plants, 2 paddy of every root and stem of certain plants, every mu of Basic Seedling is more than 100,000.July 2 was executed 7.5 kgs/acre of striking root fertilizer (urea), and water falls dry naturally, time disconnected while filling with, dry wet.August 12 maternal beginning fringe, a mu effectively fringe exceedes 200,000, spray in morning August 14 " 92 〇 ", 14 grams of every mu of consumptions, only beat maternal, maternal ear exceed 25%; Spray " nine two 〇 " with the consumption of 16 grams every mu morning on the 16th, male parent heading 10%, and Parent is beaten simultaneously, within 17th, starts to catch up with powder, every day 2-3 time, totally 9 days.Male parent is higher than maternal 15cm, and female parent does not wrap neck, and fringe flushes whole.Before harvesting, species test is surveyed and is produced, 149 of average every fringes, and 95 of real grains, ripening rate is 63.7%, thousand kernel weight is 20.76 grams, 375.44 kilograms of theoretical per mu yields (calculating with every mu of 200,000 fringes), 267 kilograms of actual measurement per mu yields.

Embodiment 2,

2013, taking " R900 " as male parent, rice photo-thermo-sensitive male sterile line Y58S was that maternal " Y58S/R900 " rice paddy seed of producing carries out hundred mu of high yield tackling key problem in flakes in Niu Xing village of Yang Guao township of Hunan Longhui.On April 12nd, 2013 sowing, 8-16 day in May transplants, August 8 neat fringe, September 28 gathered in the crops, duration from seeding to heading 112d, the time of infertility 169d.Plant height 129.5cm, stem total leaf number 15 leaves, 6 of elongated internodes, number of productive ear 2,280,000/hm2, spike length 31.7cm, 340.2 of every total grain panicle numbers, ripening rate 93.6%, thousand kernel weight 27.5g.Through the Ministry of Agriculture, on-the-spot survey produced examination daily output 5.85kg/d, and harvest index is 0.54, and actual production is 14.82t/hm2, creates the new world record of paddy rice larger area per mu yield.

Claims (6)

1. a rice paddy seed production method, is characterized in that the rice varieties seed that uses Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer " R900 " to produce.

2. the rice varieties seed producing described in claim 1, is characterized in that the seed that uses Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer " R900 " natural propagation to obtain.

3. the rice varieties seed producing described in claim 1, is characterized in that utilizing Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer " R900 " plant organ or seed unicellular or that haploid tissue cultivation regeneration propagation obtains.

4. the rice varieties seed producing described in claim 1, is characterized in that utilizing Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer " R900 " the derivation rice varieties seed that is choosing, improve, suddenly change and produce.

5. the rice varieties seed producing described in claim 1, is characterized in that right to use requires described in 2,3,4 rice paddy seed as one of parent, the rice varieties seed that hybridization produces.

6. the rice varieties seed of hybridizing generation described in claim 5 as parent, is characterized in that:

Provide andro gamete as male parent, with the seed of arbitrary rice varieties hybridization generation;

Provide oogamete as female parent, with the seed of arbitrary rice varieties hybridization generation.