CN107245465A - A kind of quick composting microbial inoculum and its application suitable for the pure stalk material of high nitrogen - Google Patents

A kind of quick composting microbial inoculum and its application suitable for the pure stalk material of high nitrogen Download PDF

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CN107245465A
CN107245465A CN201710624678.0A CN201710624678A CN107245465A CN 107245465 A CN107245465 A CN 107245465A CN 201710624678 A CN201710624678 A CN 201710624678A CN 107245465 A CN107245465 A CN 107245465A
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microbial inoculum
high nitrogen
stalk
nitrogen
bacterium
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梁程钧
楼莉萍
朱红
李正
林琦
胡宝兰
田光明
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/20Bacteria; Culture media therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00Other organic fertilisers
    • C05F11/08Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F5/00Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/14Fungi; Culture media therefor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of quick composting microbial inoculum suitable for the pure stalk material of high nitrogen and its application, belong to microbial inoculum technical field.The microbial inoculum is the liquid bacterial agent for including bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Potsdam bacillus brevis and aspergillus tamarii bacterium.The microbial inoculum of the present invention has synergy, and the loss of nitrogen can be reduced in the digest process of the pure stalk material of high nitrogen, accelerates the degraded of cellulose, and becoming thoroughly decomposed for material is completed within a short period of time.The bacterial strain of the microbial inoculum is easily obtained, and composite bacteria agent manufacturing process is simple to operation;Quick composting application process corresponding with microbial inoculum and the pure stalk material of high nitrogen is simple to operate, and material can be pure stalk, can carry out quick composting in stalk place of production original position, the fertilizer nitrogen content after becoming thoroughly decomposed is high.

Description

A kind of quick composting microbial inoculum and its application suitable for the pure stalk material of high nitrogen
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural biomass discarded object quick composting microbial inoculum technical field, and in particular to one kind is applied to high nitrogen The decomposing microbial inoculum of pure stalk material and its application, the especially suitable material based on the higher stalk of nitrogen content, which becomes thoroughly decomposed, to be used.
Background technology
With the improvement of living standards, people increasingly improve to the demand of agricultural product, substantial amounts of crop material, vegetables are caused The agricultural wastes such as stalk are produced.The agricultural wastes arbitrarily abandon, stacked can not only influence environment, be grown as germ, mosquito Raw shaking table, can also be because of the pollution of area source of water environment caused by being lost in of wherein nitrogen and phosphorous nutrient.Nowadays, quick composting technology has been Various discarded objects effectively can be converted into organic fertilizer by the effective ways as processing biomass castoff, it is to avoid environment is dirty The loss of dye and nitrogen phosphorus.
The key of stalk quick composting is whether microorganism can fast-growth, degradation material.At present, the high nitrogen such as vegetables straw Straw refuse, which carries out quick composting, has following limitation:One is that this kind of discarded object has higher nitrogen content, and vegetables straw is Example, nitrogen content is up to 2.02%-5.69%, and C/N is between 8.27-22.35, C/N scope 25-30 most suitable less than quick composting, If directly carrying out quick composting, substantial amounts of nitrogen can be caused to become ammonia by ammonification and scattered and disappeared, the fertilizer efficiency of final fertilizer is reduced. Two be also to contain more lignocellulosic in vegetables straw, and lignocellulosic belongs to the high polymer of difficult degradation, how by wood It is an emphasis of this kind of discarded object progress quick composting that matter cellulose, which is fast and efficiently degraded,.
For the discarded object that this kind of nitrogen content is high, wood fibre cellulose content is high, existing quick composting microbial inoculum is difficult to simultaneously Take into account, or microorganism lacks guarantor's nitrogen function, causes the loss of nitrogen in digest process;Or lack efficient lignocellulosic Degradation capability, causes lignocellulosic largely to remain;Or microbial inoculum non-refractory, it is even dead in megathermal period a large amount of dormancy.
Therefore the present invention mainly have developed a kind of suitable for this kind of high nitrogen straw refuse quick composting of vegetables straw Microbial bacterial agent, and corresponding quick composting application process.
The content of the invention
The problem of present invention for lacking the microbial bacterial agent suitable for the pure stalk material quick composting of high nitrogen at present, research and development A kind of microbial bacterial agent and its application process for high nitrogen material quick composting, using only feelings of the pure stalk as material Quick composting is carried out under condition, can accomplishing to become thoroughly decomposed, the used time is short, and nitrogen loss is few, ligocellulose degradation leads higher, and material becomes thoroughly decomposed Effect is good.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical method:
Quick composting microbial inoculum suitable for the pure stalk material of high nitrogen is liquid bacterial agent, and its main active is:Solve starch Bacillus (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens), Potsdam bacillus brevis (Brevibacillus ) and aspergillus tamarii bacterium (Aspergillus tamarii) borstelensis.
3 kinds of strains can be obtained by commercial sources, for example American Type Culture Collecti (ATCC), Chinese agriculture microorganism Culture presevation administrative center (ACCC) or China General Microbiological culture presevation administrative center (CGMCC) etc., or from environment Voluntarily separate.Wherein bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Potsdam bacillus brevis can fast-growth under the high temperature conditions, keep compared with High microbial activity and cellulose degradation ability;It is fine and aspergillus tamarii bacterium is found there is higher synergy with two plants of bacterium The plain degradation capability of dimension gets a promotion.
The present invention quick composting microbial inoculum be by bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Potsdam bacillus brevis, aspergillus tamarii bacterium liquid Body microbial inoculum is according to CFU ratios (1~2):(1~2):(1~2) is mixed.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of quick composting microbial inoculum preparation side suitable for the pure stalk material of high nitrogen Method, comprises the following steps:
(1) bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Potsdam bacillus brevis are used into bacterium CMC-Na culture mediums, is put in constant-temperature table With 45-50 DEG C, 120-200rpm culture 24-48h, seed bacterium solution is obtained;Aspergillus tamarii bacterium uses fungi CMC-Na culture mediums, is put in 28-33 DEG C in constant-temperature table, 120-200rpm culture 24-48h obtain seed bacterium solution.
(2) CFU of the seed bacterium solution of 3 kinds of microorganisms is measured respectively, with bacillus amyloliquefaciens:The short gemma bar in Potsdam Bacterium:Aspergillus tamarii bacterium=(1~2):(1~2):The seed bacterium solution of three kinds of microorganisms is inoculated in carboxymethyl by the CFU ratios of (1~2) In the high nitrogen fluid nutrient medium of sodium cellulosate, each seed bacterium solution inoculum concentration is the low nitrogen fluid nutrient medium volume of sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0.2%-0.5%.In 30-33 DEG C of constant-temperature table, 120-200rpm culture 96-120h are made composite fluid microbial bacteria Agent.
Particularly, wherein used culture medium prescription is:
Bacterium CMC-Na culture medium prescriptions are:Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) 15.0g, (NH4)2HPO31.0g, yeast Extract (Yeast extract) 1.0g, MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g、K2HPO41.0g and distilled water 1000ml.
Fungi CMC-Na culture mediums are sodium carboxymethylcellulose fungi culture medium, are formulated and are:Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC- Na)15.0g、(NH4)2SO44.5g, tryptone 1.2g, MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g、KH2PO42.0g and distilled water 1000ml.
The high nitrogen Liquid Culture based formulas of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is:Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 9-11g, tryptone 1.8- 2.2g, yeast extract (Yeast extract) 1.8-2.2g and distilled water 1L.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of compost method suitable for the pure stalk material of high nitrogen, including following step Suddenly:
(1) primary raw material is high nitrogen type straw refuse such as vegetables straw, discarded melon and fruit, Waste compost, and supplies are it The relatively low stalk of his nitrogen content such as rice straw.Become thoroughly decomposed needs each crushing material to 1-3cm length before starting, it is preferred to use straw Stalk crushing cutter is carried out.According to main material, the dry matter weight ratio (3~4) of auxiliary material:(1~1.2) is mixed.
(2) composite fluid microbial bacterial agent, addition made from uniform addition aforementioned preparation process in material mixed process Measure as the 0.5-0.75% of mixed material weight, while supplementing clear water on a small quantity, make mixed material moisture content in 55%-65%;It is mixed Material after even is preferably stacked in the casing with heat insulation function, and waste height is not less than 60cm, hot stage (50 DEG C with On) and middle thermophase (40-50 DEG C) ventilation of air blast in good time;Can be without air blast, until heap body in the stage of becoming thoroughly decomposed (less than 40 DEG C) Terminate when temperature reaches unanimity with environment temperature.
In above-mentioned compost method, using pure stalk material as raw material, main material be the higher vegetables straw of nitrogen content, Waste compost, for the large quantity of moisture in the higher nitrogen content of balance and vegetables straw, is adjusted using rice straw, makes mixing Material C/N is in most suitable scope 25-30, and moisture content is in 55%-65%.Even if mixed material C/N is remained in 18-25 Complete to become thoroughly decomposed in the shorter time, more retain the nitrogen in material, while a large amount of lignocellulosics of degrading, the more corruption of generation Grow matter.
Contrasted with existing quick composting microbial inoculum and operating method of becoming thoroughly decomposed, the present invention has advantages below:
(1) microbial bacterial agent and rapid decomposition method of the invention can complete becoming thoroughly decomposed for pure stalk material in 30 days Journey, rots the 60-90 days times needed naturally far fewer than stalk.
(2) microbial bacterial agent of the invention is developed for high nitrogen class stalk material, when material C/N is in 18-25 The process of quick composting can be completed,, can also with higher ligocellulose degradation's ability not only with good guarantor's nitrogen effect While the nitrogen enriched in retaining material, more lignocellulosics are converted into stable humus.
(3) contain thermophilic bacterium in microbial bacterial agent of the invention, very high microorganism can be kept to live in the megathermal period Property, will not because temperature is too high and dormancy even inactivate;Contain the fungi of mesophilic type simultaneously, in the middle and later periods temperature not Gao Shineng that becomes thoroughly decomposed Efficient lignocellulose degradation, and there is cooperative effect with Thermophilic Bacteria.
(4) in quick composting operating method used in the present invention, C/ is carried out using different stalk materials such as rice straw N, moisture content regulation, reduce the demand of other raw materials, and different stalks used obtain convenient, beneficial in the stalk place of production on the spot Carry out quick composting.Mixed material after adjusted has suitable C/N, from the angle of material proportion further reduces material Nitrogen loss.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 adds microbial inoculum and is not added with the temperature of charge variation diagram of microbial inoculum;
Fig. 2 adds microbial inoculum and is not added with the material total nitrogen content variation diagram of microbial inoculum;
Fig. 3 adds microbial inoculum and is not added with the material C/N variation diagrams of microbial inoculum;
Fig. 4 adds microbial inoculum and is not added with the material organic matter degradation rate variation diagram of microbial inoculum;
Fig. 5 adds microbial inoculum and is not added with the material content of cellulose variation diagram of microbial inoculum.
Specific implementation method
In order to which the microbial inoculum and fast method involved by technical scheme is expanded on further, following examples are provided. The embodiment does not limit the scope of the present invention in any way.
The preparation of embodiment 1, mix bacterium agent
1.1 culture medium prescription
1) sodium carboxymethylcellulose bacteria culture media:Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) 15.0g;(NH4)2HPO3 1.0g;Yeast extract (Yeast extract) 1.0g;MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g;K2HPO41.0g;Distilled water 1000ml.
2) sodium carboxymethylcellulose fungi culture medium:Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) 15.0g;(NH4)2SO44.5g; Tryptone 1.2g;MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g;KH2PO42.0g;Distilled water 1000ml.
3) the high nitrogen culture medium of sodium carboxymethylcellulose:Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) 10.0g, tryptone 2.0g, Yeast extract (Yeast extract) 2.0g, distilled water 1000mL.
1.2. the culture of each bacterial strain seed liquor
Aseptically, by bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens), the short bud in Potsdam Spore bacillus (Brevibacillus borstelensis) is seeded in 50ml equipped with sodium carboxymethylcellulose bacteria culture media respectively Conical flask in, be positioned in 50 DEG C, 150rpm constant-temperature table and cultivate 48h;Aspergillus tamarii bacterium is seeded in equipped with 50ml carboxylic first In the conical flask of base sodium cellulosate fungi culture medium, it is positioned in 30 DEG C, 150rpm constant-temperature table and cultivates 48h, that is, obtains each Bacterial strain seed liquor.
The preparation of 1.3 mix bacterium agents
The seed bacterium solution CFU of 3 kinds of microorganisms, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Potsdam bacillus brevis, aspergillus tamarii are measured respectively The CFU of bacterium is respectively 1 × 1011、9×1010、5×109, using sterile identical bacterium/fungi CMC-Na culture mediums by each seed Liquid is diluted to identical bacteria concentration 5 × 109Afterwards, the seed liquor after 1ml dilutions is respectively taken to add the sterile high nitrogen carboxymethyls of 500mL fine The plain sodium culture medium of dimension, 30 DEG C in constant-temperature table, 150rpm is cultivated 4-5 days, that is, obtains mix bacterium agent.
The quick composting experiment of embodiment 2, microbial inoculum
The processing of 2.1 materials and build heap
Main material is fresh vegetables stalk and air-dried Waste compost, and supplies are to air-dry rice straw.Become thoroughly decomposed before beginning Need to shred vegetables straw to below 5cm, Waste compost is smashed into little particle to pieces by bulk and filled, using stalk crushing cutter by paddy rice straw Stalk is crushed to 1-3cm length.Compare 3 according to vegetables straw, Waste compost, rice straw weight:3:1 is mixed.
The obtained mix bacterium agent in uniform addition 500mL embodiments 1 in material mixed process, and supplement clear water on a small quantity, Make moisture content in 55%-65%.Material after mixing is stacked in the casing with heat insulation function, waste height about 60-70cm, And in the central insertion ventilation post of heap body, and air blower is equipped with from bottom and ventilation post progress air blast, bottom half can discharge diafiltration Liquid.Temperature survey and record are carried out with intelligent temperature recorder, temp probe is located at heap body center.Set simultaneously without microbial inoculum Control group.
2.1.2 the operating method in digest process
In digest process, at hot stage (more than 50 DEG C) per air blast in 6-8 hours once, each blow rate required is heap body body Long-pending 1-1.5 times;At middle thermophase (40-50 DEG C) per air blast in 12-24 hours once, the blow rate required is heap body volume 0.5-0.8 Times;, until heap temperature terminates when being reached unanimity with environment temperature, it can be amounted to without air blast in the stage of becoming thoroughly decomposed (less than 40 DEG C) 27 days.According to actual conditions, respectively 0, be sampled within 2,5,10,15,20,27 days, per sub-sampling after carry out once turning.
2.2 become thoroughly decomposed effect inspection and result
2.2.1 material cosmetic variation
Through after 27 days become thoroughly decomposed, material is turned by obvious green vegetables leaf, lurid rice straw, light brown Waste compost It is changed into the organic fertilizer that dark-brown can't see dish leaf, and volume reduces by about 50%, the white pipe of visible ventilation after becoming thoroughly decomposed.Say Bright minimizing of the technique to material of becoming thoroughly decomposed designed using the present invention acts on fairly obvious.
2.2.2 temperature change
Temperature is the important indicator of microorganism liveness in reactor block.It will be noted from fig. 1 that addition microbial inoculum group with not Add microbial inoculum group basically identical in early stage heating, the highest temperature has reached 60 DEG C.But two groups of temperature drop is fast, this and material The rare pass of the content of material of microorganism fast decoupled is available for for pure stalk material.
But two groups all occur in that secondary temperature elevation, and it is longer to add the microbial inoculum group secondary temperature elevation duration, illustrates addition Microbial inoculum it is more to the consumption of material degraded in the middle and later periods of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
2.2.3 total nitrogen changes
Nitrogen is the content element higher with respect to unclassified stores in high nitrogen material, therefore also becoming thoroughly decomposed than unclassified stores There is nitrogen transformation and produces volatilization for ammonia in Cheng Gengyi.Because the wear rate of the elements such as nitrogen C, the O big with respect to other contents is low, So the total nitrogen content of material is in rise after becoming thoroughly decomposed, if nitrogen loss is serious, what is shown is total nitrogen content rise width Degree is low.It can see in Fig. 2, the total nitrogen content of two groups of heap bodies gradually rises, in the total nitrogen content alternating of preceding two groups of experiments in 20 days Rise, but it is higher to can see at 27 days the total nitrogen content of addition microbial inoculum group.See from table 1, by 27 days become thoroughly decomposed, addition The nitrogen content ratio of microbial inoculum group is not added with that microbial inoculum group is high, and from elevated-levels, microbial inoculum improves 12.4%, illustrates after addition microbial inoculum Be conducive to the rise of material total nitrogen content, that is, be conducive to the reservation of nitrogen.
Total nitrogen (dry weight percentage) changes before and after table 1 adds microbial inoculum and is not added with the material of microbial inoculum
2.2.4C/N change
C/N change is the important indicator for reacting maturity.It can be seen in figure 3 that C/N change is more similar, Because the C/N of starting material is to reach 18 or so, less than most suitable C/N scopes 25-30.There is research to point out, when material C/N reaches It is believed that becoming thoroughly decomposed during 16-18, and C/N declines and can tended towards stability.But composite bacteria agent and quick composting used in the present invention Method not only can carry out quick composting when material C/N is less than 20, can also decline the C/N Fast Persistences of material, finally Reach 11.5 or so.It can also be seen that to have C/N to drop to lower for addition microbial inoculum, the effect that illustrate to become thoroughly decomposed is better than being not added with microbial inoculum group.
2.2.5 the content of organic matter changes
Organic matter is the material that microorganism depends on for existence in digest process, and is organic matter the characteristics of this kind of discarded object of stalk Content is very high, therefore the more conducively utilization and decomposition of microorganism.The process become thoroughly decomposed is the process that organic matter is gradually decomposed, because The change of this organic matter can reflect the process become thoroughly decomposed to a certain extent.It can be seen from figure 4 that organic after addition microbial inoculum Matter not only declines faster, and at 27 days, the content of organic matter was lower, saw from table 2, adds the organic matter degradation of microbial inoculum group Rate is 16.94%, and the organic matter degradation rate for being not added with microbial inoculum group is only 13.56%, indicate addition microbial inoculum can promote it is organic The degraded of matter, can be consumed in material more organic matters, Degradation and Transformation is other materials, becomes thoroughly decomposed more efficient.
The content of organic matter (dry weight percentage) changes before and after table 2 adds microbial inoculum and is not added with the material of microbial inoculum
2.2.6 content of cellulose changes
Cellulose is difficult to by the high polymerizable compound of biological fast degradation, is a content very big class thing in pure stalk Matter.From figure 5 it can be seen that two groups went up not down in the content of cellulose of first 5 days, because the high temperature of 5 days before becoming thoroughly decomposed During the phase, microorganism is more likely to the degradable organic matter in spent material, and the cellulose of difficult degradation is not consumed substantially, is caused The relative rise of content of cellulose.And in 5-27 days, content of cellulose constantly declines, and this is that microorganism starts decomposition of cellulose As a result.It can see from table 3, the cellulose degradation rate of addition microbial inoculum group is 30.7%;And it is not added with the cellulose of microbial inoculum group Degradation rate is 25.7%, that is, add content of cellulose after microbial inoculum decline faster, degradation amount it is more, illustrate that microbial inoculum of the invention is helped In the degraded of cellulose, the degradation rate of material with more celluloses in decomposing materials, can be improved after addition.
Content of cellulose (dry weight percentage) changes before and after table 3 adds microbial inoculum and is not added with the material of microbial inoculum
2.2.7 content of humic acid changes
The digest process of material is exactly the humified process of organic matter, and the fertilizer after becoming thoroughly decomposed contains abundant humic Acid, therefore content of humic acid is also the key factor for evaluating effect of becoming thoroughly decomposed.It can see from table 4, the humic acid after becoming thoroughly decomposed All raise, and added the humic acid rise 41.4% of microbial inoculum group, higher than being not added with the 31.1% of microbial inoculum group, shown to add bacterium More organic matters can be converted into humic acid after agent, the fertilizer obtained after becoming thoroughly decomposed, which contains, the humic acid beneficial to soil Material.
Content of humic acid (dry weight percentage) changes before and after table 4 adds microbial inoculum and is not added with the material of microbial inoculum
2.2.8 seed germination index changes
Seed germination index is whether index material becomes thoroughly decomposed the important indicator of completion.It is generally believed that working as seed germination index During more than 80%, gained fertilizer, which is believed that, to have become thoroughly decomposed, when more than 100%, illustrates that gained fertilizer is not only nontoxic to seed, also Seed can be promoted to sprout and growth of seedling.It can see from table 5, all seed germination index are all higher than 100%, illustrate material There is no toxic action to seed.Become thoroughly decomposed end i.e. 27 days when, addition microbial inoculum group seed germination index than being not added with microbial inoculum group It is big by 35.7%, and seed germination index at 20 days is up to 122.4%, than being not added with during microbial inoculum group 27 days 118.8% will height, illustrate to shorten after addition microbial inoculum and 7 days or so becomes thoroughly decomposed the time.
Table 5 adds microbial inoculum and is not added with the material seed germination index of microbial inoculum
In summary, a kind of quick composting microbial inoculum suitable for the pure stalk material of high nitrogen provided by the present invention and corresponding Rapid decomposition method, in the basic object for reaching quick composting, can reduce the loss of nitrogen in material, carry in actual use The degradation rate of organic matter especially cellulose in high material, generates more humic acid, improves efficiency of becoming thoroughly decomposed, can be in shorter corruption Becoming thoroughly decomposed for material is completed in the ripe time.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of quick composting microbial inoculum suitable for the pure stalk material of high nitrogen, it is characterised in that the active component of microbial inoculum is:Xie Dian Afnyloliquefaciens (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens), Potsdam bacillus brevis (Brevibacillus ) and aspergillus tamarii bacterium (Aspergillus tamarii) borstelensis.
2. it is applied to the quick composting microbial inoculum of the pure stalk material of high nitrogen as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that by solution starch Bacillus, Potsdam bacillus brevis, the liquid bacterial agent of aspergillus tamarii bacterium are according to CFU ratios (1~2):(1~2):(1~2) mix Conjunction is formed.
3. a kind of quick composting bacterial preparation process suitable for the pure stalk material of high nitrogen, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
By bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens), Potsdam bacillus brevis (Brevibacillus borstelensis) uses bacterium CMC-Na culture mediums, is put in constant-temperature table with 45-50 DEG C, 120- 200rpm cultivates 24-48h, obtains seed bacterium solution;Aspergillus tamarii bacterium (Aspergillus tamarii) is cultivated using fungi CMC-Na Base, is put in constant-temperature table 28-33 DEG C, 120-200rpm culture 24-48h obtain seed bacterium solution;
The CFU of the seed bacterium solution of 3 kinds of microorganisms is measured respectively, with bacillus amyloliquefaciens:Potsdam bacillus brevis:Aspergillus tamarii Bacterium=(1~2):(1~2):It is high that the seed bacterium solution of three kinds of microorganisms is inoculated in sodium carboxymethylcellulose by the CFU ratios of (1~2) In nitrogen fluid nutrient medium, in 30-33 DEG C of constant-temperature table, 120-200rpm culture 96-120h are made composite fluid microbial bacteria Agent.
4. the quick composting bacterial preparation process according to claim 3 suitable for the pure stalk material of high nitrogen, its feature exists In:
Described bacterium CMC-Na culture medium prescriptions are:Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 15.0g, (NH4)2HPO31.0g, yeast are extracted Thing 1.0g, MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g、K2HPO41.0g and distilled water 1000ml;
Described fungi CMC-Na culture mediums are sodium carboxymethylcellulose fungi culture medium, are formulated and are:Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 15.0g、(NH4)2SO44.5g, tryptone 1.2g, MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g、KH2PO42.0g and distilled water 1000ml;
The high nitrogen Liquid Culture based formulas of described sodium carboxymethylcellulose is:Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 9-11g, tryptone 1.8- 2.2g, yeast extract 1.8-2.2g and distilled water 1L.
5. the quick composting bacterial preparation process according to claim 3 suitable for the pure stalk material of high nitrogen, its feature exists In seed bacterium solution inoculum concentration is the 0.2%-0.5% of the high nitrogen fluid nutrient medium volume of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
6. a kind of rapid decomposition method suitable for the pure stalk material of high nitrogen, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:With high nitrogen type Stalk is as major ingredient, and low nitrogen type stalk is as auxiliary material, according to major ingredient, the dry matter weight ratio (3~4) of auxiliary material:(1~1.2) is entered Row material is mixed, and each material need to be crushed to 1-3cm length in advance;
The composite fluid microbial bacteria that preparation method described in uniform addition claim 3 is prepared in material mixed process Agent, addition is the 2.5-5% of mixed material weight, while supplementing clear water on a small quantity, makes mixed material moisture content in 55%- 65%;Material after mixing is stacked in the casing with heat insulation function, and waste height is not less than 60cm, the height more than 50 DEG C Thermophase and 40-50 DEG C of middle thermophase timing air blast ventilation;Stage of becoming thoroughly decomposed below 40 DEG C is without air blast, until heap body Terminate when temperature reaches unanimity with environment temperature.
7. rapid decomposition method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described low nitrogen type stalk is rice straw.
8. rapid decomposition method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described high nitrogen type stalk includes vegetables straw Stalk, discarded melon and fruit, Waste compost.
9. rapid decomposition method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the C/N of mixed material is 25-30.
10. rapid decomposition method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the C/N of mixed material is 18-25.
CN201710624678.0A 2017-07-27 2017-07-27 A kind of quick composting microbial inoculum and its application suitable for the pure stalk material of high nitrogen Pending CN107245465A (en)

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