CN107242007A - One grows cotton the light simplified cultivation method of peanut strip cropping - Google Patents
One grows cotton the light simplified cultivation method of peanut strip cropping Download PDFInfo
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- CN107242007A CN107242007A CN201710585391.1A CN201710585391A CN107242007A CN 107242007 A CN107242007 A CN 107242007A CN 201710585391 A CN201710585391 A CN 201710585391A CN 107242007 A CN107242007 A CN 107242007A
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- cotton
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The present invention provides one and grown cotton the light simplified cultivation method of peanut strip cropping, and the technical scheme taken is as follows：Cotton, peanut same period Mechanization sowing, per strip cropping 4 row cotton after the row peanut of strip cropping 8 again.Cotton, which is that mechanization is flat, makees 4 rows, the sowing of cotton size row, big 100 centimetres of row, small 60 centimetres of row, 20 centimetres of spacing in the rows.Peanut is the row of 4 ridge of mechanization ridge culture 8,90 centimetres of row spacing, 10 centimetres of hill spacing, per 1 plant of cave.4 row cottons and 8 row peanuts are alternately arranged, and are made between wide cut mechanization.The present invention makes full use of crop self character, growth time and farmland space, both ensure that peanut growth condition, and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, the ventilation and penetrating light of cotton are added again, reaches green high-efficient environmental protection, reduces the purpose of Cotton Boll Rot.So that the gross output value of cotton and peanut is significantly improved.
Description
Technical field
Grown cotton-light simplified cultivation the method for peanut strip cropping the present invention relates to one, belong to cotton, peanut farming technique neck
Domain.
Background technology
Cotton is China's planting range most wide industrial crops, is also important strategic materials, occupies in national economy
Critical role.Peanut is one of big oil crops of China four, is the primary raw material of fats and oils processing industry and food processing industry, is also one
Important outlet goods and materials are planted, there is consequence in national economy.Practised yet with geology characteristic, weather conditions, plantation
The influence of the factors such as the driving of used and economic interests, China occurs in that a collection of specialized alkaline land cotton growing area, mound in succession
Mound tibet milkwort root growing area.
Crop interplanting interplanting refers to the alternate kind for planting two or more breeding time close crop on same field
Plant mode, intercropping can not only improve rhizosphere nutrition condition, improve luminous energy and cultivated land utilization efficiency, and produce to improving
There is good facilitation in amount, improving quality, increase economic benefit and improvement Ecological Effect Yidu.Cotton, peanut are rational
Under the conditions of intercropping, cotton can make full use of the nitrogen that peanut is fixed, the soil phophorus that peanut can be activated using cotton；And it can make
Cotton, peanut make full use of its modal height collocation, the depth of root system coordinates, complementary and competition theory, edge effect are managed
By may advantageously facilitate growth, the development of cotton and peanut, and then improve yield, quality and planting benefit.Research discovery, cotton
With peanut intercropping, Soil Utilization rate can be improved, increases multiple crop index, increase yield per unit area and economic benefit etc. are made
With.
Intercropping technology is planted extensively in China at this stage, but different regions geographical environment, weather conditions
Differed greatly etc. factor, cause crop varieties under the cropping pattern, Planting Row Distance and type also different, can be used in this
Agricultural machinery under cropping pattern is less, and Mechanization Level falls behind；Crop sow and harvest during still need to a large amount of manpowers,
Material resources and time, inefficiency reduce the enthusiasm of peasant planting, have a strong impact on popularization and the scale warp of the cropping pattern
Battalion.To accelerate the popularization of intercropping pattern, it should focus on to start with from crop interplanting technology, to suit measures to local conditions, it is suitable to try to explore
The efficient intercropping mode of locality plantation, such as areal unified standard crop species, plantation standard, structure, covers between being
The mechanization production planted creates favorable conditions.
Accordingly, it would be desirable to improve not enough present in the interplanting of existing cotton-peanut, realize cotton-mechanical peanut be turned into industry,
The same period is sowed, the problems such as solving cotton-peanut intercropping is time-consuming, bothersome, taking a lot of work, and obtains the double high yields of cotton-peanut
Purpose, and promote modern agriculture industry significant in terms of developing.
The content of the invention
Grow cotton there is provided one it is an object of the invention to the defect for above-mentioned existing cotton, peanut intercropping mode-
The light simplified cultivation method of peanut strip cropping.Intercropping cotton Dominance in border row is made full use of, individual dominance is played, takes into account colony, is led to
Cross peanut itself fixed nitrogen and reduce amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer, improve land utilization ratio, come eventually through the different space configuration of two kinds of crops
Regulation growth.With reference to reality, cotton-peanut cultivation ratio is adjusted, to adapt to Mechanization sowing requirement, manpower and materials is reduced and throws
Enter；The strip cropping light and simple cultivation technique of the double high yields of cotton-peanut is obtained, reason is provided to be widely applied in production
By foundation.
For achieving the above object, the present invention one grows cotton-the light simplified cultivation method of peanut strip cropping, the skill taken
Art scheme is as follows：
Cotton, peanut same period Mechanization sowing, per strip cropping 4 row cotton after the row peanut of strip cropping 8 again.
Cotton, which is that mechanization is flat, makees 4 rows, and tractor drives the disposable row cotton of mulch sowing 2 of sowing cotton seed an animal-drawn seed plough, and cotton is big
The sowing of small row, big 100 centimetres of row, small 60 centimetres of row, average row is away from 80 centimetres, 20 centimetres of spacing in the rows, and cotton density is 6.25 ten thousand plants/
Hectare.
Peanut is the row of 4 ridge of mechanization ridge culture 8, and tractor drives the ridge peanut of peanut seeding an animal-drawn seed plough ridging mulch sowing 2, row spacing 90
Centimetre, 10 centimetres of hill spacing, per 1 plant of cave, peanut density is 22.22 ten thousand plants/hectare.
In order to improve land utilization ratio, cotton and peanut alternating mechanical strip cropping, between cotton row and peanut ridge
Distance is 50 centimetres, the bandwidth for making cotton row form 680 centimetres with peanut ridge.4 row cottons and 8 row peanuts are alternately arranged, wide cut
The distance between make between mechanization, and strictly limitation cotton, the line-spacing of peanut and spacing in the rows, and cotton row and peanut ridge, from
And significantly improve the gross output value of cotton and peanut.
Correlative study shows, cotton is plasticity very strong crop, and its planting density is in ten thousand plants/hectare of 3-6, its yield
Difference is not notable, so compared with simple plant cotton, the output of cotton of pattern plantation does not subtract or slightly subtracted, and is provided with embodiment
Data instance, the cotton underproduction 3% or so；The peanut of pattern plantation is compared with plantation peanut merely, and peanut underproduction amplitude is small,
The data instance provided with embodiment, the peanut underproduction 25% or so.Using the intercropping mode of the present invention, cotton, peanut can be obtained
Bumper harvests.Under equal area, no matter compared with single cropping of cotton or nonoculture peanut, yield is significantly improved.I.e. same homalographic
Under, after the light simplified cultivation method of cotton-peanut strip cropping using the present invention, the enhancing of cotton ventilation and penetrating light rate passes through peanut
Itself fixed nitrogen, greatly reduces field inorganic fertilizer usage amount, green ecological environmental protection.The pattern is not decreased obviously in output of cotton
On the basis of, many one season of harvest peanuts, and peanut yield is the 75% of nonoculture peanut, substantially increases land utilization ratio, its
It is no in intercropping mode before to improve amount of increase in production.
The present invention has the advantages that：
(1) overall economic efficiency is improved.
16400 yuan/ton of gined cotton price in 2016,5200 yuan/ton of peanut price, single cropping of cotton lint yield according to statistics
1500Kg/ hectares, 6000Kg/ hectares of nonoculture peanut pod yield tests the various factors such as the NM irrigation of institute, management method
And the equal no significant difference of other fees.The one of the present invention grows cotton-the light simplified cultivation method of peanut strip cropping, wherein cotton
1455Kg/ hectares of yield, 4500Kg/ hectares of peanut yield, the more conventional single cropping of cotton of output of cotton, per hectare lint yield are reduced
About 45Kg, but many one season of receipts peanuts, actually increase income yuan/hectare of economic benefit 22812；Compared with nonoculture peanut, output per hectare reduction
About 1500Kg, but its increase by one season output of cotton, actually increase income yuan/hectare of economic benefit 16212；Between more conventional cotton, peanut
Make nixed planting and save artificial 8000 yuan/hectare.And mechanized manner is used, human and material resources input is reduced, work is greatly improved
Efficiency, additional income.So being grown cotton the-light simplified cultivation method of peanut strip cropping with the one of the present invention, can significantly it carry
High comprehensive benefit.
(2) amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer is reduced.The one of the present invention grows cotton the-light simplified cultivation method of peanut strip cropping, using cotton
Flower, peanut strip cropping, make full use of crop self character, growth time and farmland space, both ensure that peanut growth condition,
Again using peanut itself fixed nitrogen the characteristics of, so as to add the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer of cotton, reduce the usage amount of inorganic fertilizer urea
150Kg/ hectares, the environmental protection of more green high-efficient.
(3) Cotton Boll Rot is reduced.Conventional nonoculture cotton field, cotton later stage closing are serious, and ventilation and penetrating light is poor, causes cotton rotten
Bell, has a strong impact on the yield and quality of cotton, and the general time underproduction 20% is serious to occur the then underproduction more than 50%.The present invention is adopted
Sowed with cotton, mechanical peanut strip cropping, and cotton using size row, add the ventilation and penetrating light effect of cotton, significantly
Mitigate cotton field closing, reach and reduce rotten bell, reduce the effect come off, produced while also reducing stiff valve, improve cotton quality, typically
Bell rate reduction 70%-90% rotten compared with Production of Large Fields.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is cotton of the present invention-peanut strip cropping schematic diagram.
In figure, 1 represents cotton, and 2 represent peanut；Big every trade is away from 100cm between L1 represents cotton, and L2 represents small every trade between cotton
Away from 60cm, L3 represent between cotton row and peanut ridge apart from 50cm, L4 represents peanut ridge away from 90cm, and L5 represents cotton row and peanut
The bandwidth 680cm that ridge is formed.
Embodiment
Technical scheme and its produced technique effect are done further with reference to specific test method
Illustrate, the description below but is not any limitation as to the present invention merely to explain the present invention in any way, based on present invention teach that
Any conversion or replacement made, belong to protection scope of the present invention.The method of the invention is this unless otherwise specified
Field conventional method.
Embodiment one：In April, 2016 in November, 2016, in Liaocheng of Shandong Province Chiping County Liaocheng City academy of agricultural sciences, science and technology is shown
Model garden carry out planting experiment, from the consistent plot of fertility, soil property, daylighting, experiment with material be Shandong cotton grind No. 28, flower educate 25
Number.On April 25th, 2016 is according to 4 row cottons, 8 row peanut strip croppings, concrete operations mode：Cotton is flat for mechanical film
Make, average row is away from 80 centimetres, 20 centimetres of spacing in the rows, and cotton density is 6.25 ten thousand plants/hectare, and peanut is mechanical ridging overlay film, a ridge
Duplicate rows, 90 centimetres of row spacing, 10 centimetres of hill spacing, per 1 plant of cave, peanut density is 22.22 ten thousand plants/hectare.Cotton nonoculture control is set
Group and peanut nonoculture control group, cotton nonoculture control group and peanut nonoculture control group are using the single kind of local traditional planting patterns
Plant, imposing control group cotton more one season 150Kg/ hectares of inorganic fertilizer urea.The cotton of control group and test group, peanut varieties one
Cause, the same period is sowed, other field management are consistent with local Production of Large Fields level.
Production rate：It is 1430Kg/ hectares to test plot cotton lint yield, and peanut yield is 4513Kg/ hectares；Control
Cotton nonoculture yield is 1496Kg/ hectares；It is 6012Kg/ hectares to compare peanut nonoculture yield.With reference to gined cotton price in 2016
16400 yuan/ton, 5200 yuan/ton of peanut price；One grows cotton the-light paid economic benefit of simplified cultivation method of peanut strip cropping
For 46920 yuan/hectare, the paid economic benefit of control group single cropping of cotton is 24534 yuan/hectare, the paid warp of control group nonoculture peanut
Ji benefit is 31262 yuan/hectare.One the growing cotton of the present invention-light simplified cultivation method of peanut strip cropping is compared with control group nonoculture
Cotton or nonoculture peanut realize high-yield and high-efficiency.
The inventive method of table 1, conventional method are compared with cotton, peanut nonoculture
Embodiment two：In April, 2016 in November, 2016, planting experiment is carried out in Liaocheng of Shandong Province Guan County, from fertilizer
The consistent plot of power, soil property, daylighting, experiment with material be Shandong cotton grind No. 28, flower educate No. 25.On April 23rd, 2016 is according to 4 row cottons
Flower, 8 row peanut strip croppings, concrete operations mode is：Cotton makees overlay film for machinery is flat, and average row is away from 76 centimetres, 21 lis of spacing in the rows
Rice, cotton density is 6.26 ten thousand plants/hectare, and peanut is mechanical ridge culture overlay film, a ridge duplicate rows, 85 centimetres of row spacing, 10 centimetres of hill spacing,
Per 1 plant of cave, peanut density is 23.53 ten thousand plants/hectare.Cotton nonoculture control group and peanut nonoculture control group, cotton nonoculture are set
It is inorganic that control group and peanut nonoculture control group impose a season more using local traditional planting patterns single cropping, control group cotton
150Kg/ hectares of fertilizer urea.The cotton of control group and test group, peanut varieties are consistent, the same period is sowed, and other field management are equal
It is consistent with local Production of Large Fields level.
Yield and performance analysis are shown in Table 2, and of the invention one grows cotton the-light simplified cultivation method of peanut strip cropping, wherein
The more conventional single cropping of cotton of output of cotton, per hectare lint yield reduces 54Kg, but many receipts peanut 4468Kg, actually compares single cropping of cotton
Increase income yuan/hectare of economic benefit 22348；Compared with nonoculture peanut, per hectare peanut yield reduction 1419Kg, but it increases lint yield
1462Kg, it is actual to increase income yuan/hectare of economic benefit 16748 than nonoculture peanut.So being grown cotton-peanut band with the one of the present invention
Make light simplified cultivation method between shape, high-yield and high-efficiency is realized compared with control group single cropping of cotton or nonoculture peanut, reduce inorganic fertilizer
Amount of application, can significantly improve comprehensive benefit.
2 cottons of table-peanut strip cropping is contrasted with non-Bt cotton nonoculture, the peanut nonoculture condition of production
Claims (5)
1. one grows cotton the-light simplified cultivation method of peanut strip cropping, it is characterized in that, cotton, the sowing of the peanut same period, per banding kind
The row peanut of strip cropping 8 again is planted after 4 row cottons, is made between sowing cotton seed band and peanut seeding tape alternation.
2. the light simplified cultivation method of cotton as claimed in claim 1-peanut strip cropping, it is characterized in that, cotton is mechanization
Flat to make 4 rows, the disposable row cotton of mulch sowing 2 of mechanization, cotton size row sowing, big 100 centimetres of row, small 60 centimetres of row is put down
Equal 80 centimetres of line-spacing, 20 centimetres of spacing in the rows；
Peanut is the row of 4 ridge of mechanization ridge culture 8, the ridge peanut of Mechanization sowing 2,90 centimetres of row spacing, 10 centimetres of hill spacing, per 1 plant of cave；
The spacing 50cm of cotton row and peanut ridge.
3. the light simplified cultivation method of cotton-peanut strip cropping as described in claim 1-3 is any, it is characterized in that, the cotton
The bandwidth for spending row to form 680 centimetres with peanut ridge.
4. the light simplified cultivation method of cotton-peanut strip cropping as described in claim 1-3 is any, it is characterized in that, cotton is close
Spend for 6.25 ten thousand plants/hectare.
5. the light simplified cultivation method of cotton-peanut strip cropping as described in claim 1-3 is any, it is characterized in that, peanut is close
Spend for 22.22 ten thousand plants/hectare.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710585391.1A CN107242007A (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2017-07-18 | One grows cotton the light simplified cultivation method of peanut strip cropping |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710585391.1A CN107242007A (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2017-07-18 | One grows cotton the light simplified cultivation method of peanut strip cropping |
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| CN201710585391.1A Pending CN107242007A (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2017-07-18 | One grows cotton the light simplified cultivation method of peanut strip cropping |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN107667790A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-02-09 | 山东省花生研究所 | The peanut that salt-soda soil increases income/cotton strip cropping method |
| CN109302952A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-02-05 | 吴忠市伊禾农机作业服务有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of two batches of fruits and vegetables of wheat intercropping |
| CN110663491A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-01-10 | 山东省花生研究所 | Cultivation method for reducing cotton shading in peanut and cotton strip crop rotation planting mode |
| CN111011146A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-04-17 | 青岛农业大学 | Equal-amplitude intercropping alternate crop rotation planting method for peanuts/cotton in saline-alkali soil |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107667790A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-02-09 | 山东省花生研究所 | The peanut that salt-soda soil increases income/cotton strip cropping method |
| CN109302952A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-02-05 | 吴忠市伊禾农机作业服务有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of two batches of fruits and vegetables of wheat intercropping |
| CN110663491A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-01-10 | 山东省花生研究所 | Cultivation method for reducing cotton shading in peanut and cotton strip crop rotation planting mode |
| CN111011146A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-04-17 | 青岛农业大学 | Equal-amplitude intercropping alternate crop rotation planting method for peanuts/cotton in saline-alkali soil |
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Application publication date: 20171013 |