CN107185671B - Duplex soil preparation machine - Google Patents
Duplex soil preparation machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107185671B CN107185671B CN201610147948.9A CN201610147948A CN107185671B CN 107185671 B CN107185671 B CN 107185671B CN 201610147948 A CN201610147948 A CN 201610147948A CN 107185671 B CN107185671 B CN 107185671B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- pulverizer
- deep
- pickup
- ploughshare
- frame
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001124569 Lycaenidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
- A01B49/022—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D82/00—Crop conditioners, i.e. machines for crushing or bruising stalks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
Abstract
The invention relates to a duplex soil preparation machine, which comprises a traction frame, a first pickup pulverizer, a deep ploughshare, a buried duct forming cone, a second pickup pulverizer, a collector, a conveying fan, a kneading pulverizer, a collecting box and a pressure air blower, wherein the traction frame is arranged on the frame; the head of the buried duct forming cone is hinged below the deep ploughshare, and the collector is connected below the second pickup pulverizer; the outlet of the first pick-up pulverizer and the outlet of the second pick-up pulverizer are connected with the inlet of the conveying fan, the outlet of the conveying fan is connected with the inlet of the kneading and cutting pulverizer, the outlet of the kneading and cutting pulverizer is connected with the inlet of the collecting box, the outlet of the collecting box is connected with the inlet of the pressure fan, and the outlet of the pressure fan is connected with the upper end of the buried duct forming cone; the straws crushed by the first and the second pickup crushers are crushed by the kneading and cutting crushers and then conveyed to the buried duct forming cone by the pressure air conveying fan, and then buried underground. The soil preparation machine realizes that the whole amount of straw is buried, and improves the planting quality of crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a compound soil preparation machine.
Background
Disposal of stalks after harvesting of crops has historically been a difficult problem in agricultural production and development. The treatment method of the straw directly influences the maintenance of soil nutrients, the planting quality of crops, the reproduction efficiency and the output benefit. The existing straw treatment method mainly has the following problems: 1. the straw crushing technology is single and random is large: the existing crop straw crushing machine and method are basically limited to a combine harvester with a crushing device and a traction type crushing machine for primary (most harvesters do not have the crushing device or are not used) or secondary crushing of the left straw of the harvester above the ground surface. The crushing uniformity of the crushing device of the harvester is poor, and the length of the crushed straws or the spreading uniformity are difficult to control due to the influence and limitation of various conditions during the harvesting operation, so that the operation quality of the next-stage traction type crushing machine is limited, the operation difficulty of the tillage machine is increased, and the operation quality is reduced; 2. the straw returning method is simple, coarse and low in efficiency: the method of ploughing and harrowing is still used until now, because the length and the stacking thickness of the crushed straws spread on the ground are inconsistent, the harrowing effect is poor, a large number of straw clusters form soil gaps, wind and water are caused, the development and the growth of crops are seriously influenced, and mechanical equipment repeatedly harrows into the ground for many times, the soil surface layer is compacted, the sowing quality is influenced, and the soil preparation cost is increased; 3. the loss of available nutrients of the soil is caused by the random disposal of the straw: because no special straw returning equipment is provided, the efficiency of straw returning treatment is very low, most growers do not mistake the farming season and do more straw burning treatment, and soil nutrient loss can be caused by straw burning or comprehensive utilization processing; 4. the existing returning technology is not beneficial to the development and growth of crop seedlings: the existing crushing and returning mode enables the straws to be unevenly scattered on the layers of different depths of soil, particularly the surface of the ground where seeds are planted and roots are grown to the shallow layer of the surface with the depth of about 10cm, after the crop seeds are planted into the soil, the straw decomposition process can compete for oxygen, nutrients and water of the seedlings to suffocate the seedlings, and the seeds fall into gap cavities formed by straw clusters to die; uneven distribution of straw on the shallow soil layer causes uneven density of the shallow soil layer, and inconsistent depth of the crop seeds after entering the soil; the continuous plow turns and rakes the soil density of the plow bottom layer. The existing straw returning method finally leads to low germination rate of seeds of crops and uneven development of seedling stage, influences the yield and reduces the input-to-benefit ratio of agricultural production.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
The invention provides a compound soil preparation machine, which solves the problems of soil nutrient loss and low crop yield caused by the existing straw treatment mode and soil preparation equipment.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a duplex soil preparation machine which comprises a traction frame, a first pickup pulverizer, a deep ploughshare, a buried duct forming cone, a second pickup pulverizer, a collector, a conveying fan, a kneading pulverizer, a collecting box and a pressure air blower; the traction frame is positioned at the front end of the frame; the first pickup pulverizer, the deep ploughshare and the second pickup pulverizer are sequentially connected to the lower part of the frame; the first pickup pulverizer is used for picking up and primarily pulverizing straws above the ground surface; the head of the buried duct forming cone is hinged below the deep ploughshare, the collector is connected below the second pickup pulverizer, and subsurface rhizome objects collected by the collector are picked up by the second pickup pulverizer and primarily pulverized; the device comprises a frame, a first pick-up pulverizer, a second pick-up pulverizer, a conveying fan, a pressing blower, a collecting box, a kneading and cutting pulverizer and a conveying fan, wherein the pressing blower, the collecting box, the kneading and cutting pulverizer and the conveying fan are arranged above the frame; the straw crushed by the first pickup crusher and the second pickup crusher is conveyed to the buried duct forming cone by the pressure air blower after being crushed by the kneading crusher for the second time, and the straw after the secondary crushing is further discharged backwards from the buried duct forming cone to be buried underground.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the soil moisture sealing device is further arranged behind the frame and comprises a plurality of soil moisture sealing units which are arranged in parallel along the transverse direction of the frame and a first vibrator for vibrating the soil moisture sealing units, each soil moisture sealing unit comprises a longitudinal beam which is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the frame and a plurality of wing plates which are arranged on two sides of the longitudinal beam, and the wing plates on two sides of the longitudinal beam are arranged in pairs which are high and low.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the first pickup pulverizer is transversely arranged below the frame, a rotating shaft of the first pickup pulverizer is provided with a plurality of first movable cutters which are axially arranged at intervals, each first movable cutter comprises two parallel longitudinal movable blades, and each longitudinal movable blade is trapezoidal and has a narrower end close to the rotating shaft; a plurality of adjacent longitudinal movable blades are provided with a transverse movable blade for cutting off vertical straws above the ground surface, and the inner wall of the shell of the first pickup pulverizer is provided with a first fixed blade which is staggered with the longitudinal movable blade.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the collector comprises an installation lining iron and a plurality of pickup teeth which are arranged in parallel, wherein the pickup teeth are arranged on the installation lining iron in a spacing manner, and the pickup teeth are obliquely arranged below the second pickup pulverizer and are used for collecting rhizome objects below the ground surface; the second pickup pulverizer is characterized in that a plurality of second movable cutters are arranged on the rotating shaft of the second pickup pulverizer along the axial direction at intervals, each second movable cutter is trapezoidal, one end, close to the rotating shaft, of each second movable cutter is narrower and used for picking up rootstock objects picked up by the pickup teeth and winding the rootstock objects into the second pickup pulverizer along with the rotation of the rotating shaft of the second pickup pulverizer to pulverize the rootstock objects.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the buried culvert forming cone comprises a fixed section and a feeding section, wherein the fixed section is arranged at the front end of the feeding section, one end of the feeding section, which is close to the fixed section, is provided with an air inlet, one end of the feeding section, which is far away from the fixed section, is provided with a vertical baffle, a gap is reserved between the vertical baffle and a bottom plate of the feeding section, the top of the feeding section is provided with a feed inlet, and the side walls of the feeding section are two inclined plates which are outwards inclined from two sides of the feed inlet and are respectively connected with two sides of the bottom plate of the feeding section; the lower end of the deep ploughshare is embedded with a pneumatic vibrator, a gas outlet of the pneumatic vibrator is connected with a gas inlet of the feeding section, and the pneumatic vibrator is used for sealing and pressing crushed objects entering the feeding section from a feed inlet at the upper end into a subsurface buried culvert formed by the buried culvert forming cone.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the chip dividing flow guide body with the lower end opening section being heart-shaped is arranged in the feeding section, the top inner jacking height of the chip dividing flow guide body is not lower than that of the top of the air inlet, and the lower end of the vertical baffle plate arranged at one end of the feeding section far away from the fixed section is flush with the widest part of the chip dividing flow guide body.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the deep ploughshare is rotatably connected with the frame, and an obstacle avoidance safety switch for enabling the deep ploughshare to avoid an obstacle backwards in time and controlling the deep ploughshare to stably rise and fall is arranged at the joint of the deep ploughshare and the frame.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the obstacle avoidance safety switch comprises a torsion limiter, an inner ratchet wheel and an outer ratchet wheel, wherein the torsion limiter, the inner ratchet wheel and the outer ratchet wheel are coaxially arranged with the deep scarification plow, the torsion limiter and the inner ratchet wheel are both arranged in a shell fixed with a frame, the deep scarification plow is arranged on one side of the torsion limiter, the inner ratchet wheel and the outer ratchet wheel are arranged on a rotating shaft on the other side of the torsion limiter and are arranged in the same direction, the inner ratchet wheel and the outer ratchet wheel are correspondingly provided with check pins, the check pins of the inner ratchet wheel are fixed in the shell, the check pins of the inner ratchet wheel are controllable check pins, a spanner used for rotating the rotating shaft is further arranged on the outer side of the outer ratchet wheel, the check pins of the outer ratchet wheel are fixed in the spanner, and the timely backward lifting and the timely recovery after the obstacle elimination when the deep scarification plow runs forward and the lifting and putting down when the deep scarification plow does not work are realized.
According to the embodiment of the invention, a front row of deep ploughshare and a rear row of deep ploughshare which are arranged in front and back are arranged below the frame, and a lifting linkage mechanism which enables the two rows of deep ploughshares to synchronously act is arranged between the two rows of deep ploughshares.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the lifting linkage mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder longitudinally arranged, a first rotating shaft arranged between two rows of subsoilers and a connecting rod, wherein two wrenches, namely a first wrench and a second wrench, are fixed on the first rotating shaft, the first wrench is connected with the hydraulic cylinder, the second wrench, a third wrench arranged corresponding to the front row of subsoilers and a fourth wrench arranged corresponding to the rear row of subsoilers are fixed on the connecting rod, the front and rear movement of the hydraulic cylinder drives the first wrench to rotate, and the rotation of the first wrench drives the first rotating shaft and the second wrench to rotate, so that the third wrench and the fourth wrench are driven to rotate, and linkage between the front row of subsoilers and the rear row of subsoilers is realized.
(III) beneficial effects
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages: when the compound soil preparation machine provided by the embodiment of the invention is used, the first pickup pulverizer picks up and primarily pulverizes straws on the ground, the deep scarification ploughshare drives the buried duct forming cone to push soil under the ground to form the buried duct while loosening the plough bottom layer, the soil under the ground is loosened under the combined action of the deep scarification ploughshare and the buried duct forming cone, so that the resistance of the collector to collect the rhizomes under the ground is reduced, the rhizomes collected by the collector are picked up and primarily pulverized by the second pickup pulverizer, the straws primarily pulverized by the first pickup pulverizer and the second pickup pulverizer are conveyed to the kneading pulverizer by the conveying fan, secondary pulverized materials after the kneading pulverizer are conveyed into the collecting box and are conveyed to the buried duct forming cone by the pressing fan, and further secondary pulverized materials are conveyed into the buried duct under the ground formed under the ground along with the forward movement of the soil preparation machine. The compound soil preparation machine provided by the embodiment of the invention realizes full-quantity burying of the ground straw and underground rhizome, avoids loss of soil nutrients, buries crushed materials to 20-30cm below the ground without affecting growth of seeds after sowing, loosens soil by deep ploughshare, buried duct forming cone and collector while burying the straw, namely the compound soil preparation machine can complete a plurality of working procedures at one time, and solves the problem that the mechanical equipment is required to compaction the ground for a plurality of times in the prior working procedures to affect crop planting quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a compound soil preparation machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial top view of a dual soil preparation machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a soil moisture sealer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of an embodiment of the soil moisture blocking unit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of an embodiment of the soil moisture sealing unit of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an expanded view showing the relative positions of a first movable blade and a first stationary blade of the first pick-up pulverizer according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of a first stationary knife of a first pick-up shredder in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a side view of a longitudinally movable blade according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a front view of a longitudinally movable blade according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the distribution and development of first movable blades of the first pickup pulverizer according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a side view of a first pickup pulverizer of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the construction of a lifting mechanism of the first pick-up pulverizer according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the construction of a second pickup pulverizer and a collector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14-1 is a top view of a structure for mounting a liner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14-2 is a structural elevation view of an embodiment of the present invention mounting a liner;
FIG. 15 is an elevation view of a further buried stent shaped cone according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a right side view of a further buried stent shaped cone according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a top view of a further buried stent shaped cone according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a part of the structure of the lower end of a deep ploughshare according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 19 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 18;
FIG. 20 is a partial side view of a second pickup pulverizer of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 21 is an expanded view showing the relative positional relationship of a second movable blade, a second stationary blade, and pick teeth of a second pick-up shredder according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 22 is an expanded schematic view of a second moving blade distribution of a second pick-up shredder in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 23 is a schematic view showing the structure of a kneading and pulverizing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of a safety switch for obstacle avoidance according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 25 is a schematic view of the mechanism of the ratchet wheel in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 26 is a schematic view of a deep ploughshare lifting linkage according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 27 is a schematic view of a front row of deep ploughshares according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 28 is a schematic view of the rear deep ploughshare according to the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 101: a traction frame; 102: a frame; 103: landing gear; 2: a first pickup pulverizer; 3: deep ploughshare; 4: burying a duct forming cone; 5: a second pickup pulverizer; 6: a collector; 7: a conveying fan; 8: a kneading and cutting pulverizer; 9: a concentrating box; 10: a pressure air blower; 11: a soil moisture sealing device; 12: a soil moisture sealing unit; 13: a first vibrator; 14: a wing plate; 15: profiling baffle plates; 111: a hydraulic cylinder; 112: a rotating shaft; 113: a sprocket; 114: sliding the upright post; 21: a first movable knife; 22: a first stationary knife; 211: a longitudinal moving blade; 212: a transverse moving blade; 231: a hydraulic cylinder; 232 a first sprocket; 233: a second sprocket; 234: a first chain; 235: a second chain; 24: a first cyclone-stagnation chamber; 61: installing a lining iron; 62: pick up teeth; 611: a mounting plate; 51: a second movable knife; 511: a long moving blade; 512: a short moving blade; 52: a second stationary knife; 53: a second cyclone-stagnation chamber; 81: a third movable knife; 82: a third stationary knife; 41: a fixed section; 42: a feeding section; 421: an air inlet; 422: a vertical baffle; 423: a feed inlet; 424: a bottom plate; 425: chip-separating guide body; 426: a circular arc baffle; 427: u-shaped semi-closed groove; 31: a pneumatic vibrator; 32: an obstacle avoidance safety switch; 321: a torsion limiter; 322: an inner ratchet; 322-1: a backstop pin; 323: an outer ratchet; 324: a wrench; 33: a lifting linkage mechanism; 331: a hydraulic cylinder; 332: a first rotary shaft; 333: a connecting rod; 334: a first wrench; 335: a second wrench; 336: a third wrench; 337: and a fourth wrench.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the positional or positional relationship indicated by the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", etc. are based on the positional or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the compound soil preparation machine provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a traction frame 101, a frame 102, a first pickup pulverizer 2, a deep ploughshare 3, a buried duct forming cone 4, a second pickup pulverizer 5, a collector 6, a conveying fan 7, a kneading pulverizer 8, a collecting box 9 and a pressure air blower 10; the traction frame 101 is positioned at the front end of the frame 102 and is used for connecting a power traction device; the first picking pulverizer 2, the deep ploughshare 3 and the second picking pulverizer 5 are sequentially connected below the frame 102, and the first picking pulverizer 2 is used for picking up and primarily pulverizing straws above the ground surface; the head of the still buried duct forming cone 4 is hinged below the deep ploughshare 3, and the still buried duct forming cone 4 and the deep ploughshare 3 are connected in a hinged mode, so that the still buried duct forming cone 4 can move up and down along with the height of the ground, a plow bottom layer is prevented from being formed by generating larger pressure on the soil, a collector 6 is connected below the second pickup pulverizer 5, and subsurface rootstock collected by the collector 6 is picked up and primarily pulverized by the second pickup pulverizer 5. The device comprises a pressing and conveying fan 10, a centralized box 9, a kneading and cutting pulverizer 8 and a conveying fan 7, wherein the pressing and conveying fan 7 is arranged above a frame 102, the outlets of the first pick-up pulverizer 2 and the second pick-up pulverizer 5 are connected with the inlet of the conveying fan 7, the outlet of the conveying fan 7 is connected with the inlet of the kneading and cutting pulverizer 8, the outlet of the kneading and cutting pulverizer 8 is connected with the inlet of the centralized box 9, the outlet of the centralized box 9 is connected with the inlet of the pressing and conveying fan 10, and the outlet of the pressing and conveying fan 10 is connected with the upper end of a still buried culvert molding cone 4; the straws crushed by the first pickup crusher 2 and the second pickup crusher 5 are conveyed to the buried duct forming cone 4 by the pressure air blower 10 after being crushed for the second time by the kneading crusher 8, and the straws after the second crushing are further discharged backwards from the buried duct forming cone 4 to be buried underground, namely, the crushed straws are buried in a buried duct which is 20-30cm below the ground surface formed by the buried duct forming cone 4. Specifically, a landing gear 103 is further arranged below the stand 102, and the height of the stand 102 can be adjusted by using the landing gear 103, so that the working depth of the deep ploughshare 3 is determined. When the compound soil preparation machine provided by the embodiment of the invention is used, the first pickup pulverizer 2 picks up and primarily pulverizes straws on the ground surface, the deep scarification ploughshare 3 drives the buried duct forming cone 4 to form a buried duct while loosening the plough bottom layer, so that soil under the ground surface is loosened, the resistance of the collector 6 for collecting the underground rhizomes is reduced, the first pickup pulverizer 5 pulverizes the rhizomes collected by the collector 6, the straws primarily pulverized by the first pickup pulverizer 2 and the second pickup pulverizer 5 are conveyed to the kneading pulverizer 8 by the conveying fan 7, secondary pulverized materials after the kneading pulverizer 8 are conveyed into the collecting box 9 and conveyed to the buried duct forming cone 4 by the pressure conveying fan 10 in a pressing manner, and the secondary pulverized materials are conveyed into the buried duct formed by the buried duct forming cone 4 under the ground surface along with the advancing of the soil preparation machine. The compound soil preparation machine provided by the embodiment of the invention realizes full-quantity burying of the ground straw and underground rhizome, avoids loss of soil nutrients, buries crushed materials to 20-30cm below the ground without affecting growth of seeds after sowing, loosens soil by the subsoilers 3, the buried culvert forming cone 4 and the collector 6 while burying the straw, namely, the compound soil preparation machine can complete a plurality of working procedures at one time, and solves the problem that the crop quality is affected by the fact that mechanical equipment is required to compact the ground for a plurality of times in the prior working procedures.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, 3, 4 and 5, the rear of the frame 102 is further provided with a soil moisture sealing device 11, and the soil moisture sealing device 11 includes a plurality of soil moisture sealing units 12 arranged in parallel along the transverse direction of the frame 102 and a first vibrator 13 for vibrating the plurality of soil moisture sealing units 12, specifically, the first vibrator 13 adopts a high-frequency vibration exciter, and the vibration wave enables each soil moisture sealing unit to have extremely strong and controllable uniform crushing and compacting capability. Each soil moisture sealing unit 12 comprises a longitudinal beam arranged along the longitudinal direction of the frame 102 and a plurality of wing plates 14 arranged at two sides of the longitudinal beam, wherein the wing plates 14 at two sides of the longitudinal beam are arranged in pairs, one high and one low, and the height difference between the high and low wing plates 14 is preferably 5-7 cm. In this embodiment, a pair of wing plates 14 are arranged on two sides of the longitudinal beam, all the wing plates 14 are sequentially arranged along the longitudinal beam, the lower wing plate 14 is positioned in front of the higher wing plate 14, and two wing plates 14 on each side are arranged; each wing 14 has a forward elevation angle of 10-15 ° in the longitudinal direction to form a compacted layer. The front of each soil moisture sealing unit 12 is provided with a profiling baffle 15, and the profiling baffles 15 are used for pushing away obstacles such as soil blocks continuously appearing in front of the soil moisture sealing device 11 on the ground surface, so that the longitudinal beam keeps a profile sliding posture along the ground surface and adapts to the change of the ground surface height. The soil moisture sealing device 11 is further arranged behind the compound soil preparation machine, the soil moisture sealing device 11 is provided with wing plates 14 with different heights, the upper wing plate 14 is located above the ground surface in a certain depth under the ground surface in the working process, the upper wing plate 14 and the lower wing plate 14 are respectively compacted on the ground under the vibration action of the first vibrator 13, the upper wing plate 14 is compacted with surface crushed soil with the thickness of about 1cm above the ground surface to form a relatively compact thin soil moisture sealing layer, a corrugated arranged gully with the depth of about 0.5cm is reserved on the ground surface, the soil moisture sealing layer greatly seals water loss, and corrugated shallow grooves reduce wind erosion on the ground surface; the lower wing plate 14 forms a relatively compact seed sowing depth limiting layer at the position 5-7 cm below the bottom surface of the soil moisture sealing layer, and as the lower wing plate 14 is positioned in front of the higher wing plate 14, the lower wing plate 14 firstly forms the seed sowing depth limiting layer, and the upper wing plate 14 is compacted on the ground surface to form the soil moisture sealing layer, a relatively soft soil loosening layer is formed between the two layers, so that the growth of seeds is facilitated, the germination rate of the seeds is improved, the seeds are sowed on the flat seed sowing depth limiting layer, the germination and growth states of the seeds are consistent, the subsequent management of crops is facilitated, and the yield of the crops is improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, all the soil moisture sealing units 12 in the present embodiment are fixed on the same beam, and a lifting mechanism is disposed above the soil moisture sealing device 11. Specifically, a sliding upright post 114 is arranged above each soil moisture sealing unit 12, a rotating shaft 112 supported by a supporting frame positioned on the frame 102 is arranged right above a cross beam for fixing the soil moisture sealing units 12, a chain wheel 113 is arranged at a position on the rotating shaft 112 corresponding to each sliding upright post 114, a chain is fixed on the chain wheel 113, the other end of the chain is fixed at the top end of the sliding upright post 114, and the rotating shaft 112 drives the chain wheel 113 to rotate so as to enable the soil moisture sealing device 11 to be lifted to a required height; the frame 102 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder 111 for driving the rotation shaft 112 to rotate, one end of a chain on one chain wheel 113 is connected with a plunger rod of the hydraulic cylinder 111, the other end of the chain bypasses the chain wheel 113 to be connected with a sliding upright 114, and preferably, the chain connected with the hydraulic cylinder 111 corresponds to the sliding upright 114 corresponding to the soil moisture sealing unit 12 in the middle. The hydraulic cylinder 111 pulls the chain downwards, so that the chain wheel 113 where the chain is located drives the rotating shaft 112 to rotate, and further drives other chain wheels 113 to rotate, and further all the sliding upright posts 114 lift up with the soil moisture sealing unit 12, so that the soil moisture sealing device 11 is lifted, when the soil moisture sealing device 11 works, the chain wheel 113 is released, the chain is in a loose state, and the soil moisture sealing device 11 can realize up-and-down profiling motion along with the height of the ground.
Further, the first pickup pulverizer 2 is transversely arranged below the frame 102, and a plurality of first moving blades 21 are arranged on a rotating shaft of the first pickup pulverizer 2 at intervals along an axial direction, specifically, the first moving blades 21 on the rotating shaft of the first pickup pulverizer 2 are arranged in a spiral line shape, as shown in fig. 10; as shown in fig. 6 and 7, each first movable blade 21 includes two parallel longitudinal movable blades 211, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the longitudinal movable blades 211 are trapezoidal, and one end close to the rotating shaft is narrower, a plurality of adjacent longitudinal movable blades 211 are provided with a transverse movable blade 212 for cutting off vertical straws above the ground surface, preferably, two longitudinal movable blades 211 of each first movable blade 21 are provided with a transverse movable blade 212, and the transverse movable blades 212 are embedded in the longitudinal movable blades 211; the first pick-up pulverizer 2 has a first fixed blade 22 disposed on the inner wall of the housing and offset from the longitudinal movable blade 211, and specifically, the first fixed blade 22 has serrated double-sided blades, and a plurality of rows of first fixed blades 22 disposed at intervals are disposed along the axial direction. The serrated cutting edge has strong capability of tearing and cutting straws with high toughness such as wheat, rice and the like, and improves the crushing effect of the straws. The double-sided cutting edge can be detached for inverted face use after the cutting teeth on one side are worn, and the equipment maintenance cost is low. Further, as shown in fig. 11, a first cyclone-retarding chamber 24 is further disposed between two rows of first fixed knives 22 on the housing of the first pickup pulverizer 2, and the first cyclone-retarding chamber 24 is disposed along the length direction of the first pickup pulverizer 2, that is, a certain angle α is formed between two plates forming the housing, and α is preferably 105 ° to 115 °. The first cyclone-stagnation chamber 24 is provided to allow the crushed straw to be stagnated in the cyclone-stagnation chamber, thereby increasing the crushing rate. Specifically, in this embodiment, the casing of the first pickup pulverizer 2 is provided with three rows of first fixed cutters 22, and a first cyclone-stagnation chamber is disposed between two adjacent rows of first fixed cutters, so as to further improve the pulverizing rate.
Further, as shown in fig. 12, a lifting mechanism for lifting the first pickup pulverizer 2 is disposed above the first pickup pulverizer 3, the lifting mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder 231 disposed transversely, a first sprocket 232 and a second sprocket 233 disposed corresponding to two ends of the first pickup pulverizer 2, respectively, a first chain 234 and a second chain 235, one end of a plunger rod of the hydraulic cylinder 231 is connected to one end of the first chain 234, the other end of the first chain 234 is vertically fixed at one end of the first pickup pulverizer 2 by bypassing the first sprocket 232 on the side near which the other end is located, one end of the second chain 235 is fixed at the lower portion of the first sprocket 232, and the other end of the second chain 235 is vertically fixed at the other end of the first pickup pulverizer 2 by bypassing the top of the second sprocket 233. When the first pickup pulverizer 2 needs to be lifted, the first chain 234 and the first sprocket 232 are driven to rotate by the shrinkage hydraulic cylinder 231, and the second sprocket 233 is driven to rotate by the second chain 235 while the first sprocket 232 rotates, so that both the first chain 234 and the second chain 235 are lifted, and the first pickup pulverizer 2 is lifted. When the first pickup pulverizer 2 works, the plunger rod of the hydraulic cylinder 231 stretches out, and the first chain 234 and the second chain 235 are put down, so that the first pickup pulverizer 2 works by contacting the ground due to its own weight.
Further, as shown in fig. 13, 14-1 and 14-2, the collector 6 includes a mounting liner 61 and a plurality of pickup teeth 62 arranged in parallel, the plurality of pickup teeth 62 are mounted on the mounting liner 61 at intervals, specifically, a plurality of mounting plates 611 are provided on the mounting liner 61, and one through hole is provided on the mounting plate 611 for fixing all pickup teeth 62 to the same height by pins; the harvester 6 further comprises a second vibrator, preferably a high-frequency vibration exciter, for vibrating the pick-up teeth 62, the pick-up teeth 62 vibrate vertically and at high frequency under the action of excitation waves, traction resistance of the soil preparation machine is reduced, viscous attachment of soil to pick-up tooth walls and pick-up teeth is eliminated, soil stagnation of the pick-up teeth is solved, the picked-up crop rootstock receives upward pushing force, automatically moves upwards and towards the root of the pick-up teeth, and the harvester 6 loosens and levels a curing layer (soil in 10-15 cm below the surface) while harvesting the rootstock. The pick-up teeth 62 are obliquely arranged below the second pick-up pulverizer 5 and are used for picking up and collecting rhizome objects below the ground surface; as shown in fig. 20, a plurality of second moving blades 51 are axially arranged on the rotating shaft of the second pickup pulverizer 5 at intervals, and preferably, as shown in fig. 22, the second moving blades 51 are arranged in a spiral line on the rotating shaft; the second moving blade 51 is trapezoidal, and one end of the second moving blade 51, which is close to the rotating shaft, is narrower, and is used for picking up the rhizome objects picked up by the pick-up teeth 62 and winding the rhizome objects into the second pick-up pulverizer 5 for pulverizing along with the rotation of the rotating shaft of the second pick-up pulverizer 5. Specifically, as shown in fig. 20 and 21, in this embodiment, the second movable blade 51 includes two movable blades with different lengths, and the two movable blades with different lengths are alternately arranged in the axial direction of the rotation shaft of the second pickup pulverizer 5, namely, a long movable blade 511 and a short movable blade 512, wherein the long movable blade 511 can pass through the teeth of the pickup teeth 62 when rotating, the short movable blade 512 can cut through the tooth surfaces of the pickup teeth 62 when rotating, and the two movable blades with different lengths can enable the second pickup pulverizer 5 to pick up rootstock objects all picked up by the pickup 6, so that the total quantity of rootstock objects is further buried. Specifically, in this embodiment, the shell of the second pickup pulverizer 5 is provided with two rows of second fixed cutters 52 arranged in parallel at intervals, both sides of the second fixed cutters 52 are provided with tooth edges, and the serrated cutting edges have strong capability of tearing and cutting straws with high toughness such as wheat and rice, so that the straw pulverizing effect is improved. The double-sided cutting edge can be detached for inverted face use after the cutting teeth on one side are worn, and the equipment maintenance cost is low. Further, as shown in fig. 13, in this embodiment, a circular arc-shaped second cyclone-retarding chamber 53 is provided in the middle of the housing, i.e. between two rows of second fixed cutters 52, along the length direction of the housing, and the second cyclone-retarding chamber 53 is a circular arc with a diameter of 10cm, so that crushed straw can be stagnated in the cyclone-retarding chamber, and the crushing rate is increased. Specifically, the collector 6 and the second pickup pulverizer 5 are all provided with a plurality of, the collector 6 and the second pickup pulverizer 5 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, a plurality of the second pickup pulverizer 5 are arranged at intervals transversely below the frame 102, in this embodiment, the second pickup pulverizer 5 is provided with two rows, the front row is provided with 4 second pickup pulverizer 5, and the rear row is provided with 3 pickup pulverizer 5.
Further, as shown in fig. 23, in the embodiment of the present invention, the kneading and crushing machine 8 is provided with a plurality of third movable blades 81, each third movable blade 81 includes two rectangular flat movable blades arranged in parallel, the third movable blades 81 of the kneading and crushing machine are arranged in a spiral line, the kneading and crushing machine 8 is provided with a plurality of rows of third fixed blades 82 arranged in parallel at intervals, the third fixed blades 82 are steel plates with flat side edges, and the cooperation mode of the third fixed blades 82 and the third movable blades 81 of the kneading and crushing machine 8 increases the kneading and crushing action on the materials, and the straws and the rootstock materials after secondary crushing by the kneading and crushing machine 8 are crushed into flocculent crushed straw soft chips.
Further, as shown in fig. 15, 16, 17, 18 and 19, the buried duct forming cone 4 in the embodiment of the present invention includes a fixed section 41 and a feeding section 42, the fixed section 41 is disposed at the front end of the feeding section 42, an air inlet 421 is disposed at one end of the feeding section 42 near the fixed section 41, a vertical baffle 422 is disposed at one end of the feeding section 42 far from the fixed section, a gap is left between the vertical baffle 422 and a bottom plate 424 of the feeding section 42, a feeding hole 423 is disposed at the top of the feeding section 42, and two inclined plates are disposed on the side walls of the feeding section 42 and are connected to two sides of the bottom plate 424 of the feeding section 42 by inclining outwards from two sides of the feeding hole 423; the pneumatic vibrator 31 is embedded at the lower end of the deep ploughshare 3, and the traction resistance can be reduced due to the arrangement of the pneumatic vibrator 31; the gas outlet of the pneumatic vibrator 31 is connected with the gas inlet 421 of the feeding section 42, and is used for sealing and pressing the crushed material entering the feeding section 42 from the feeding port 423 at the upper end into the buried culvert formed by the buried culvert forming cone 4. Specifically, a chip dividing guide body 425 with a heart-shaped lower opening section is arranged in the feeding section 42, the top inner jacking height of the chip dividing guide body 425 is not lower than the top of the air inlet, preferably, the top inner jacking height of the chip dividing guide body 425 is parallel to the top of the air inlet 421, so that air can be conveniently blown into the chip dividing guide body 425 from the air inlet 421; the lower part of the feeding section 42 is also communicated with a hollow cuboid, the width of the cuboid is larger than the maximum distance between inclined plates at two sides of the feeding section 42, and the lower end of a vertical baffle 422 arranged at one end of the feeding section 42 far away from the fixed section 41 is flush with the widest part of the chip separating guide body 425. The duct forming cone 4 is buried in the ground to form a duct under the ground, namely a cavity under the ground, the flow of the downward air flow carrying the secondarily crushed materials is mainly based on the coanda effect, the first part flows to the central line of the lower part of the inner cavity of the feeding section 42 along the two side wall surfaces of the chip dividing guide body 425, and flows into the duct with the assistance of the air discharged by the pneumatic vibrator 31, the second part flows to the duct along the two inclined surfaces of the upper cavity in the feeding section 42, the rear middle part of the residual downward air flow flows to the inner cavity is converged with the downward air flow of the second part, the last part of crushed materials is discharged to the duct with the assistance of the air discharged by the pneumatic vibrator 31, one end top of the feeding section 42, which is far away from the fixed section 41, is connected with a U-shaped semi-closed groove 427 which is higher than the top of the feeding section 42 and is vertically arranged, and the opening of the U-shaped semi-closed groove 427 is toward the rear (namely the direction opposite to the advancing direction of the duct forming cone 4 is buried in the duct forming cone 4), and the discharged air is discharged from the U-shaped semi-closed groove 427 which is connected to the upper part behind the duct forming cone 4. The fixed section 41 of the buried culvert forming cone 4 is provided with a streamline shape, so that the forward resistance can be reduced, soil can be separated, and the buried culvert forming cone plays a role in deep soil loosening and forming a buried culvert. Specifically, the fixing section 41 includes two connection plates with through holes, the lower end of the deep ploughshare 3 is disposed between the two connection plates during fixing, and the through holes at the lower end of the deep ploughshare 3 and the through holes of the connection plates are penetrated and fixed by screws. The sharp corners of the two sides of the feeding section 42 of the buried duct forming cone 4, which is close to the inner part of one end of the fixed end, are also provided with arc-shaped baffles 426 to prevent crushed materials from being detained at the sharp corners.
Further, the deep ploughshare 3 is rotatably connected with the frame 102, and an obstacle avoidance safety switch 32 for enabling the deep ploughshare 3 to avoid obstacles backwards in time and controlling the deep ploughshare to stably rise and fall is arranged at the connection part of the deep ploughshare 3 and the frame 103. Specifically, the obstacle avoidance safety switch 32 in this embodiment includes a torsion limiter 321 coaxially disposed with the deep ploughshare 3, an inner ratchet 322 and an outer ratchet 323, where the torsion limiter 321 and the inner ratchet 322 are both disposed in a housing fixed with the frame 102, the deep ploughshare 3 is disposed on one side of the torsion limiter 321, the inner ratchet 322 and the outer ratchet 323 are disposed on a rotating shaft on the other side of the torsion limiter 321, and disposed in the same direction, the inner ratchet 322 and the outer ratchet 323 are both correspondingly provided with a check pin 322-1, the check pin 322-1 of the inner ratchet is fixed in the housing, and the check pin 322-1 of the inner ratchet is a controllable check pin, i.e. the check pin 322-1 of the inner ratchet can rotate under the action of external force, the outer ratchet 323 is also provided with a wrench 324 for rotating the rotating shaft, and the check pin 322-1 of the outer ratchet 323 is fixed on the wrench 324, so as to realize timely backward lifting when the deep ploughshare 3 runs forward and encounters an obstacle, timely restoring after the obstacle is eliminated, and timely lifting when the deep ploughshare 3 is not put down. When the deep ploughshare 3 moves forwards and meets an obstacle, the deep ploughshare 3 is lifted upwards, so that the torque of the rotating shaft reaches the maximum value of the torque limiter 321, and the two sides of the torque limiter 321 are separated; when the two sides of the torsion limiter 321 are connected after the obstacle is eliminated, the deep ploughshare 3 rotates under the action of gravity, meanwhile, the inner ratchet wheel 322 and the outer ratchet wheel 323 rotate together with the shaft, the deep ploughshare 3 returns to the normal working position, and the back-and-forth shaking of the deep ploughshare 3 is avoided due to the fixing effect of the check pin 322-1. When the deep ploughshare 3 does not work, the deep ploughshare 3 needs to be lifted forwards, the soil preparation machine enters a transportation state, at the moment, the spanner 324 is utilized to rotate the rotating shaft to one side, and after the deep ploughshare 3 is lifted forwards to a certain position, the deep ploughshare 3 cannot fall off due to the effect of the inverted pins of the inner ratchet wheel 322 and the outer ratchet wheel 323; when the deep ploughshare 3 is required to enter a working state, the spanner 324 is utilized to rotate the rotating shaft to the other side, and at the moment, the backstop pin 322-1 of the inner ratchet wheel 322 is adjusted, so that the backstop pin 322-1 is separated from the inner ratchet wheel 322, namely, the inner ratchet wheel 322 is released to enable the inner ratchet wheel 322 to freely rotate, and the deep ploughshare 3 naturally falls back under the action of dead weight. Specifically, the reverse stop pin 322-1 disposed corresponding to the inner ratchet wheel 322 is a controllable reverse stop pin, and the reverse stop pin 322-1 can be adjusted when the front end of the reverse stop pin 322-1 cannot be accurately clamped into the tooth root of the inner ratchet wheel 322, and the inner ratchet wheel 322 is manually rotated, so that the reverse stop pin 322-1 is correctly matched with the inner ratchet wheel 322.
Further, a front row of deep ploughshare 3 and a rear row of deep ploughshare 3 are arranged below the frame 102, and a lifting linkage mechanism 33 which enables the two rows of deep ploughshares 3 to synchronously act is arranged between the two rows of deep ploughshares 3. Specifically, the lifting linkage mechanism 33 includes a hydraulic cylinder 331 (i.e. a direction parallel to the forward direction of the soil preparation machine) longitudinally disposed, a first rotating shaft 332 and a connecting rod 333 disposed between two rows of deep ploughshares 3, two wrenches, namely a first wrench 334 and a second wrench 335, are fixed on the first rotating shaft 332, wherein the first wrench 334 is connected with the hydraulic cylinder 331, the second wrench 335, a third wrench 336 disposed corresponding to the front row of deep ploughshares and a fourth wrench 337 disposed corresponding to the rear row of deep ploughshares are all fixed on the connecting rod 333, the forward and backward movement of the hydraulic cylinder 331 drives the rotation of the first wrench 334, and the rotation of the first wrench 334 drives the rotation of the first rotating shaft 332 and the second wrench 335, so as to drive the rotation of the third wrench 336 and the fourth wrench 337, so as to realize the linkage between the front row of deep ploughshares 3 and the rear row of deep ploughshares 3, and the third wrench 336 and the fourth wrench 337, namely the wrenches 324 in the safety switch 32. The hydraulic cylinder 331 pushes the first wrench 334 backwards, the first wrench 334 drives the first rotating shaft 332 to rotate clockwise, the second wrench 335 drives the connecting rod 333 to move backwards along with the rotation of the first rotating shaft 332, and accordingly the third wrench 336 and the fourth wrench 337 are driven to move backwards, and the subsoiler 3 is lifted forwards; the movement process of the lifting linkage 33 when the subsoiler 3 falls is opposite to that of lifting the subsoiler 3. Specifically, in this embodiment, the front deep ploughshare 3 and the rear deep ploughshare 3 are both provided with a plurality of deep ploughshares, and each deep ploughshare 3 is fixed on an independent rotation shaft on the same axis. The lifting linkage mechanism 33 is arranged in the middle of the frame 102, each deep ploughshare 3 is correspondingly provided with the obstacle avoidance safety switch 32, the position of each first rotating shaft 332 corresponding to the deep ploughshare 3 is provided with the second spanner 335, the third spanner 336 and the fourth spanner 337 correspondingly arranged on the front and back of the two deep ploughshares 3 are respectively connected with the corresponding second spanner 335 on the first rotating shaft 332 through the connecting rod 333, therefore, in the embodiment, all the deep ploughshares 3 are driven through one hydraulic cylinder 331, the structure is simplified, and the synchronization of front lifting and falling of the deep ploughshare 3 is ensured. Specifically, 4 deep ploughshares 3 are arranged in the front row, 3 deep ploughshares 3 are arranged in the rear row, and the deep ploughshares 3 of the front row and the deep ploughshares 3 of the rear row are staggered, so that the buried culvert forming cones 4 below the deep ploughshares 3 are staggered and arranged in parallel in the transverse direction of the frame 102, and the soil preparation machine can finish the formation of all underground buried culverts at the rear once in the past, namely finish the formation of the buried culverts under the ground with the same width as the soil preparation machine. Specifically, the pressure air blowers 10 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the deep ploughshares 3, and crushed materials are uniformly sealed and pressed into the ground through the plurality of pressure air blowers 10.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A duplex soil preparation machine which is characterized in that: comprises a traction frame, a first pickup pulverizer, a deep ploughshare, a buried duct forming cone, a second pickup pulverizer, a collector, a conveying fan, a kneading pulverizer, a collecting box and a pressure air blower;
the traction frame is positioned at the front end of the frame;
the first pickup pulverizer, the deep ploughshare and the second pickup pulverizer are sequentially connected to the lower part of the frame; the first pickup pulverizer is used for picking up and primarily pulverizing straws above the ground surface; the head of the buried duct forming cone is hinged below the deep ploughshare, the collector is connected below the second pickup pulverizer, and subsurface rhizome objects collected by the collector are picked up by the second pickup pulverizer and primarily pulverized;
The device comprises a frame, a first pick-up pulverizer, a second pick-up pulverizer, a conveying fan, a pressing blower, a collecting box, a kneading and cutting pulverizer and a conveying fan, wherein the pressing blower, the collecting box, the kneading and cutting pulverizer and the conveying fan are arranged above the frame; the straws crushed by the first pickup crusher and the second pickup crusher are conveyed to the buried duct forming cone by the pressure air conveying fan after being crushed by the kneading crusher for the second time, and the straws after the second crushing are further discharged from the buried duct forming cone backwards to be buried underground;
the buried culvert forming cone comprises a fixed section and a feeding section, wherein the fixed section is arranged at the front end of the feeding section, an air inlet is formed in one end, close to the fixed section, of the feeding section, a vertical baffle is arranged at one end, far away from the fixed section, of the feeding section, a gap is reserved between the vertical baffle and a bottom plate of the feeding section, a feeding hole is formed in the top of the feeding section, and two inclined plates which are outwards inclined from two sides of the feeding hole and are respectively connected with two sides of the bottom plate of the feeding section are arranged on the side wall of the feeding section; the lower end of the deep ploughshare is embedded with a pneumatic vibrator, a gas outlet of the pneumatic vibrator is connected with a gas inlet of the feeding section, and the pneumatic vibrator is used for sealing and pressing crushed objects entering the feeding section from a feed inlet at the upper end into a subsurface buried culvert formed by the buried culvert forming cone;
The deep ploughshare is rotationally connected with the frame, and an obstacle avoidance safety switch for enabling the deep ploughshare to meet an obstacle and avoid the obstacle backwards in time and controlling the deep ploughshare to stably rise and fall is arranged at the joint of the deep ploughshare and the frame; the obstacle avoidance safety switch comprises a torsion limiter, an inner ratchet wheel and an outer ratchet wheel, wherein the torsion limiter, the inner ratchet wheel and the outer ratchet wheel are coaxially arranged, the torsion limiter and the inner ratchet wheel are arranged in a shell fixed with a frame, the deep ploughshare is arranged on one side of the torsion limiter, the inner ratchet wheel and the outer ratchet wheel are fixedly arranged on a rotating shaft on the other side of the torsion limiter and are arranged in the same direction, the inner ratchet wheel and the outer ratchet wheel are respectively provided with a check pin, the check pins of the inner ratchet wheel are fixed in the shell, the check pins of the inner ratchet wheel are controllable check pins, a wrench used for rotating the rotating shaft is arranged on the outer side of the outer ratchet wheel, the check pins of the outer ratchet wheel are fixed on the wrench, and therefore timely backward lifting and timely recovery after the obstacle is eliminated when the deep ploughshare works to meet the obstacle, and the deep ploughshare is not working are achieved.
2. The dual soil preparation machine of claim 1, wherein: the soil moisture sealing device comprises a plurality of soil moisture sealing units which are arranged in parallel along the transverse direction of the machine frame and a first vibrator which is used for vibrating the soil moisture sealing units, each soil moisture sealing unit comprises a longitudinal beam which is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the machine frame and a plurality of wing plates which are arranged on two sides of the longitudinal beam, and the wing plates on two sides of the longitudinal beam are arranged in pairs which are one high and one low.
3. The dual soil preparation machine of claim 1, wherein: the first pickup pulverizer is transversely arranged below the frame, a plurality of first movable cutters which are axially arranged at intervals are arranged on a rotating shaft of the first pickup pulverizer, each first movable cutter comprises two parallel longitudinal movable blades, and each longitudinal movable blade is trapezoidal and has a narrower end close to the rotating shaft; a plurality of adjacent longitudinal movable blades are provided with a transverse movable blade for cutting off vertical straws above the ground surface, and the inner wall of the shell of the first pickup pulverizer is provided with a first fixed blade which is staggered with the longitudinal movable blade.
4. The dual soil preparation machine of claim 1, wherein: the picking-up device comprises a mounting lining iron and a plurality of picking-up teeth which are arranged in parallel, the picking-up teeth are arranged on the mounting lining iron in a spacing manner, and the picking-up teeth are obliquely arranged below the second picking-up pulverizer and are used for picking up rhizome objects below the ground surface; the second pickup pulverizer is characterized in that a plurality of second movable cutters are arranged on the rotating shaft of the second pickup pulverizer along the axial direction at intervals, each second movable cutter is trapezoidal, one end, close to the rotating shaft, of each second movable cutter is narrower and used for picking up rootstock objects picked up by the pickup teeth and winding the rootstock objects into the second pickup pulverizer along with the rotation of the rotating shaft of the second pickup pulverizer to pulverize the rootstock objects.
5. The dual soil preparation machine of claim 1, wherein: the inside of the feeding section of the still buried duct forming cone is provided with a chip dividing guide body with a heart-shaped lower end opening section, the top inner jacking height of the chip dividing guide body is not lower than the top of the air inlet, and the lower end of the vertical baffle plate arranged at one end of the feeding section far away from the fixed section is flush with the widest part of the chip dividing guide body.
6. The dual soil preparation machine of claim 1, wherein: the lifting linkage mechanism is characterized in that a front row of deep ploughshare and a rear row of deep ploughshare are arranged below the frame, and lifting linkage mechanisms enabling the two rows of deep ploughshares to synchronously act are arranged between the two rows of deep ploughshares.
7. The dual soil preparation machine of claim 6, wherein: the lifting linkage mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a first rotating shaft and a connecting rod, wherein the hydraulic cylinder is longitudinally arranged, the first rotating shaft is arranged between two rows of subsoilers, two wrenches are fixed on the first rotating shaft and are respectively a first wrench and a second wrench, the wrenches of the front row are respectively a third wrench, the wrenches of the rear row are respectively a fourth wrench, the first wrenches are connected with the hydraulic cylinder, the second wrenches, the third wrenches and the fourth wrenches are all fixed on the connecting rod, the front-back movement of the hydraulic cylinder drives the rotation of the first wrenches, the rotation of the first wrenches drives the rotation of the first rotating shaft and the second wrenches, and the rotation of the third wrenches and the fourth wrenches is driven, so that the linkage between the front row subsoilers and the rear row subsoilers is realized.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610147948.9A CN107185671B (en) | 2016-03-14 | 2016-03-14 | Duplex soil preparation machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610147948.9A CN107185671B (en) | 2016-03-14 | 2016-03-14 | Duplex soil preparation machine |
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| CN107185671A CN107185671A (en) | 2017-09-22 |
| CN107185671B true CN107185671B (en) | 2024-03-22 |
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| CN201610147948.9A Active CN107185671B (en) | 2016-03-14 | 2016-03-14 | Duplex soil preparation machine |
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| CN110313310B (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2024-02-06 | 吉林大学 | Crushing, rubbing, screw compressing and densifying straw returning machine |
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| CN105210571A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2016-01-06 | 东北农业大学 | The three-dimensional field-returning machine of a kind of maize straw |
| CN205413244U (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-08-03 | 于峥 | Double entry soil preparation machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6925793B2 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2005-08-09 | Deere & Company | Method and apparatus for re-hydrating dry crop with steam |
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| CN2302640Y (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 1999-01-06 | 王福胜 | Machine for crushing stalks and distributing them into fields |
| CN2445555Y (en) * | 2000-07-05 | 2001-09-05 | 万嘉林 | Grass burying seeder |
| CN101006758A (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2007-08-01 | 刘鹏 | An integral device for stubble-breaking, sowing and rototilling tillage |
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