CN107969197B - No-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine for peanuts, soybeans and wheat - Google Patents
No-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine for peanuts, soybeans and wheat Download PDFInfo
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- CN107969197B CN107969197B CN201810005192.3A CN201810005192A CN107969197B CN 107969197 B CN107969197 B CN 107969197B CN 201810005192 A CN201810005192 A CN 201810005192A CN 107969197 B CN107969197 B CN 107969197B
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- hob
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- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000001931 Ludwigia octovalvis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/06—Seeders combined with fertilising apparatus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
- A01C5/068—Furrow packing devices, e.g. press wheels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/006—Minimum till seeding
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/08—Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
- A01D34/835—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters specially adapted for particular purposes
- A01D34/8355—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters specially adapted for particular purposes for cutting up or crushing remaining standing stalks, e.g. stubble
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
- A01D43/08—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with means for cutting up the mown crop, e.g. forage harvesters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
- A01D43/14—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with dispensing apparatus, e.g. for fertilisers, herbicides or preservatives
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
The no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine for peanuts, soybeans and wheat comprises a frame, a stubble-breaking stubble-cleaning winding-preventing mechanism, a fertilizing and seeding mechanism and a pressing mechanism, wherein the stubble-breaking stubble-cleaning winding-preventing mechanism is horizontally arranged in front of the frame, the length direction of the stubble-breaking stubble-cleaning winding-preventing mechanism is perpendicular to the advancing direction of the seeding machine, and the fertilizing and seeding mechanism and the pressing mechanism are sequentially arranged behind the stubble-breaking stubble-cleaning winding-preventing mechanism; in conclusion, the invention has simple structure and reasonable design, and provides powerful guarantee for no-tillage seeding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine for peanuts, soybeans and wheat.
Background
The conventional no-tillage machine is when carrying out the seeding operation, and no-tillage planter's rotary blade is difficult to cut up the residual rhizome of crops, and longer plant rhizome twines the arbor easily to influence farm machinery's work efficiency, increase the loaded down with trivial details degree of labour, in addition because chemical fertilizer, seed sowing foot distance are nearer, the phenomenon of burning root appears easily, when the suppression of the compactor covers, with the whole compaction of soil in peripheral region, be unfavorable for the emergence of seed, when the rainwater volume is great, the rainwater is collected the seed area easily and is submerged the seed, be unfavorable for the emergence of seed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides the no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine for peanuts, soybeans and wheat, which has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation, can prevent mechanical faults caused by winding of long plant rhizomes on agricultural machinery, and can compact soil in layers after seeding.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine for peanuts, soybeans and wheat comprises a frame, wherein a stubble breaking, stubble cleaning and winding preventing mechanism, a fertilizing and seeding mechanism and a pressing mechanism are sequentially arranged on the frame from front to back; the compacting mechanism is in transmission connection with the fertilizing and seeding mechanism.
The stubble breaking stubble cleaning anti-winding mechanism comprises a hob shaft horizontally arranged along the left-right direction, two ends of the hob shaft are rotationally connected to a frame, a power transmission mechanism in transmission connection with one end of the hob shaft is arranged on the frame, a plurality of hob groups and a plurality of flail knife groups are arranged on the hob shaft, the hob groups are arranged at equal intervals side by side along the bus direction of the hob shaft, the flail knife groups are arranged at equal intervals side by side along the axis direction of the hob shaft, and each flail knife group is positioned between two adjacent hob groups;
each group of hob group comprises a plurality of hob pieces, the plurality of hob pieces are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the hob shaft, each group of flail knife group comprises a plurality of groups of flail knife pieces, the plurality of groups of flail knife pieces are arranged side by side along the bus direction of the hob shaft, each group of flail knife pieces comprises a plurality of flail knives, and the plurality of flail knives are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the hob shaft.
The fertilizing and seeding mechanism comprises a seeding box, a fertilizing box and a plurality of seed and fertilizer integrated furrow openers, wherein the seeding box and the fertilizing box are fixedly arranged on the upper part of the frame, the seeding box is positioned behind the fertilizing box, a fertilizer distributor is arranged in the fertilizing box, and a seed sowing device is arranged in the seeding box;
the seed manure integrated furrow openers are fixed on the frame and are arranged side by side at intervals along the left-right direction, each seed manure integrated furrow opener comprises a first furrow plate, a second furrow plate and a rear side plate, the front sides of the first furrow plate and the second furrow plate are fixedly connected to form a cross section, the front tip and the rear width of each cross section are of a herringbone structure, the size of each herringbone structure gradually narrows from bottom to top, the first furrow plate and the second furrow plate are symmetrically arranged left and right, and the rear side plate is fixed between the rear side of the first furrow plate and the rear side of the second furrow plate; a lower fertilizer pipeline arranged along the vertical direction is fixed at the inner side of the joint of the first turnplate and the second turnplate, and the upper end of the lower fertilizer pipeline is connected with the bottom of the fertilizer box through a fertilizer hose;
the left side and the right side of the front side of posterior lateral plate are provided with a seed pipeline down respectively, and two seed pipelines down all set up along vertical direction and bilateral symmetry set up, and the lower port of chemical fertilizer pipeline is less than the lower port of seed pipeline down, is fixed with the plectrum on the posterior lateral surface of posterior lateral plate, and the slope setting is extended to the backward below to the plectrum, and seed pipeline's upper end is connected with the bottom of seeding case down through seed hose.
The soil compacting mechanism comprises a roller and a scraper plate, wherein the roller is horizontally arranged, wheel shafts are fixed at the centers of two end faces of the roller, the center line of each wheel shaft coincides with the center line of the roller, a chain wheel is arranged on each wheel shaft, two wheel shafts are rotationally connected to the rear side of a frame through bearings, a plurality of seed fertilizer compacting wheels are fixed on the outer surface of the roller at intervals along the center line direction of the roller, the scraper plate is fixed on the frame and extends obliquely downwards and backwards, the scraper plate is located above the roller, a plurality of soil scraping grooves are formed in the lower side edge of the scraper plate and are in one-to-one correspondence with the seed fertilizer compacting wheels, seed fertilizer integrated openers and hob groups are equal in quantity and are in one-to-one correspondence front and back, and the wheel shafts are sequentially connected with a seed sowing device and a fertilizer device in a transmission mode through a chain transmission mechanism.
The hob component comprises a first stubble cleaning cutter, a second stubble cleaning cutter and a stubble breaking cutter, the first stubble cleaning cutter, the second stubble cleaning cutter and the stubble breaking cutter are respectively fixed on the outer surface of the hob shaft through cutter holders, the stubble breaking cutter is positioned between the first stubble cleaning cutter and the second stubble cleaning cutter, the length direction of the first stubble cleaning cutter, the length direction of the second stubble cleaning cutter and the length direction of the stubble breaking cutter are all arranged along the radial direction of the hob shaft, the length of the first stubble cleaning cutter is equal to the length of the second stubble cleaning cutter, and the length of the stubble breaking cutter is larger than 4cm of the length of the first stubble cleaning cutter; the first stubble cleaning cutter and the second stubble cleaning cutter are spirally twisted, the spiral twisting direction of the first stubble cleaning cutter and the spiral twisting direction of the second stubble cleaning cutter are opposite to the middle stubble cleaning cutter, and a reinforcing steel plate is fixedly connected among the first stubble cleaning cutter, the second stubble cleaning cutter and the stubble cleaning cutter.
The flail knife comprises a knife body, the length of the knife body is 3-5cm smaller than that of the first stubble cleaning knife, and the end part of the knife body is hinged to the outer surface of the knife shaft through a pin shaft.
The rear side of the rear side plate is provided with a chute along the left-right horizontal direction, and two seed discharging pipelines are respectively connected in the chute in a sliding manner through a group of sliding mounting pieces.
The sliding groove is a dovetail groove, the sliding mounting piece comprises a sliding block and a bolt, the sliding block is slidably connected in the sliding groove, the rear side of the sliding block protrudes out of the sliding groove, the bolt is in threaded connection in the sliding block along the front-back horizontal direction and is in jacking fit with the bottom of the sliding groove, the rear end of the bolt is fixedly connected with an adjusting handle, and the front side of the lower seed pipeline is fixedly connected with the rear side of the sliding block.
The seed manure compaction wheel is formed by encircling two semi-annular protruding plate pieces, and every protruding plate piece includes half-annular plate, and half-annular plate's cross-section is protruding font and half-annular plate's internal diameter equals the external diameter of roller, and half-annular plate's both sides face all is fixed with the mounting panel, and the mounting panel is semi-annular structure, and the mounting panel passes through the bolt fastening at the surface of roller.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects: when no-tillage sowing is carried out on crops, soil can be effectively loosened and hardened, rootstocks and stubbles of crops in the upper season are cut up and seed tapes are cleared, meanwhile, the longer rootstocks of crops can be prevented from winding agricultural machinery, seed furrows and chemical fertilizer furrows are formed at one time, and a sowing and fertilizing device is used for sowing and fertilizing, so that a soil covering device is reduced.
In conclusion, the invention has simple structure and convenient operation, and can effectively realize no-tillage sowing of crops.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a stubble breaking, cleaning and anti-winding mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the seed and fertilizer integrated furrow opener;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the soil shifting fork;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the rear side panel;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the construction of the ballast mechanism;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a half-ring plate.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the no-tillage combined seed and fertilizer drill for peanuts, soybeans and wheat comprises a frame 30, wherein a stubble breaking, stubble cleaning and winding preventing mechanism, a combined seed and fertilizer drill mechanism and a pressing mechanism are sequentially arranged on the frame from front to back; the compacting mechanism is in transmission connection with the fertilizing and seeding mechanism.
The stubble breaking stubble cleaning anti-winding mechanism comprises a cutter shaft 1 horizontally arranged along the left-right direction, two ends of the cutter shaft 1 are rotatably connected to a frame, a power transmission mechanism in transmission connection with one end of the cutter shaft 1 is arranged on the frame, a plurality of groups of hob groups and a plurality of flail knife groups are arranged on the cutter shaft 1, the hob groups are arranged at intervals in parallel along the bus direction of the cutter shaft 1, the flail knife groups are arranged at intervals in parallel along the axis direction of the cutter shaft 1, and each flail knife group is positioned between two adjacent hob groups;
each group of hob group comprises a plurality of hob pieces, the plurality of hob pieces are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the hob shaft, each group of flail knife group comprises a plurality of groups of flail knife pieces, the plurality of groups of flail knife pieces are arranged side by side along the bus direction of the hob shaft 1, each group of flail knife pieces comprises a plurality of flail knives, and the plurality of flail knives are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the hob shaft 1.
The fertilizing and seeding mechanism comprises a seeding box 32, a fertilizing box 31 and a plurality of seed and fertilizer integrated furrow openers 35, wherein the seeding box 32 and the fertilizing box 31 are fixedly arranged on the upper part of the frame 30, and the seeding box 32 is positioned behind the fertilizing box 31; a fertilizer device 33 is arranged in the fertilizer box 31, a seed sowing device 34 is arranged in the seed sowing box 32,
the seed and fertilizer integrated furrow openers 35 are fixed on the frame and are arranged side by side at intervals along the left-right direction, the seed and fertilizer integrated furrow openers 35 comprise a first furrow plate 17, a second furrow plate 18 and a rear side plate 21, the front sides of the first furrow plate 17 and the second furrow plate 18 are fixedly connected to form a herringbone structure with front tip and rear width of the cross section, the herringbone structure gradually narrows from bottom to top, the first furrow plate 17 and the second furrow plate 18 are symmetrically arranged left and right, and the rear side plate 21 is fixed between the rear side of the first furrow plate 17 and the rear side of the second furrow plate 18; a lower fertilizer pipeline 22 arranged along the vertical direction is fixed on the inner side of the joint of the first turnplate 17 and the second turnplate 18; the upper end of the lower fertilizer pipeline 22 is connected with the bottom of the fertilizer box 31 through a fertilizer hose 37;
a lower seed pipeline 19 is respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the front side surface of the rear side plate 21, the two lower seed pipelines 19 are arranged in the vertical direction and are symmetrically arranged on the left and right, the lower port of the lower fertilizer pipeline 22 is lower than the lower port of the lower seed pipeline 19, a soil shifting fork 25 is fixed on the rear side surface of the rear side plate 21, and the soil shifting fork 25 is obliquely arranged in a rear lower extending mode; the upper end of the lower seed pipe 19 is connected to the bottom of the seed box 32 by a seed hose 36.
The compacting mechanism comprises a roller 10 and a scraper plate 11, wherein the roller 10 is horizontally arranged, the centers of two end faces of the roller 10 are respectively fixedly provided with a wheel shaft 12, the central line of each wheel shaft 12 coincides with the central line of the roller, each wheel shaft 12 is provided with a chain wheel 14, the two wheel shafts 12 are rotationally connected to the rear side of a frame 30 through bearings, the outer surface of the roller 10 is fixedly provided with a plurality of seed manure compacting wheels 13, the plurality of seed manure compacting wheels 13 are arranged at intervals side by side along the central line direction of the roller 10, the scraper plate 11 is fixedly arranged on the frame 30 and extends downwards and obliquely, the scraper plate 11 is positioned above the roller 10, the lower side edge of the scraper plate 11 is provided with a plurality of soil scraping grooves which are in one-to-one correspondence with the seed manure compacting wheels 13, and the seed manure compacting wheels 13, the seed manure integrated furrower 35 and the hob groups are equal in number and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence front and back;
the wheel shaft 12 is sequentially connected with the seed sowing device 34 and the fertilizer discharging device 33 through a chain transmission mechanism in a transmission way.
The hob component comprises a first stubble cutter 2, a second stubble cutter 4 and a stubble cutter 3, wherein the first stubble cutter 2, the second stubble cutter 4 and the stubble cutter 3 are respectively fixed on the outer surface of the hob shaft 1 through a cutter frame 8, the stubble cutter 3 is positioned between the first stubble cutter 2 and the second stubble cutter 4, the length direction of the first stubble cutter 2, the length direction of the second stubble cutter 4 and the length direction of the stubble cutter 3 are all arranged along the radial direction of the hob shaft 1, the length of the first stubble cutter 2 is equal to the length of the second stubble cutter 4, and the length of the stubble cutter 3 is greater than the length 4cm of the first stubble cutter 2; the first stubble cleaning cutter 2 and the second stubble cleaning cutter 4 are spirally twisted, the spiral twisting direction of the first stubble cleaning cutter 2 and the spiral twisting direction of the second stubble cleaning cutter 4 are opposite to the middle stubble breaking cutter 3, and a reinforcing steel plate 6 is fixedly connected between the first stubble cleaning cutter 2, the second stubble cleaning cutter 4 and the stubble breaking cutter 3.
The flail knife comprises a knife body 5, the length of the knife body 5 is smaller than that of the first stubble cleaning knife 2 by 3-5cm, and the end part of the knife body 5 is hinged on the outer surface of the knife shaft 1 through a pin shaft 7.
The rear side surface of the rear side plate 21 is provided with a chute 26 along the horizontal direction, and two seed discharging pipelines 19 are respectively connected in the chute 26 in a sliding manner through a group of sliding mounting pieces.
The chute 26 is a dovetail groove, the sliding installation piece comprises a sliding block 20 and a bolt 23, the sliding block 20 is connected in the chute 26 in a sliding way, the rear side of the sliding block 20 protrudes out of the chute 26, the bolt 23 is connected in the sliding block in a threaded way along the front-back horizontal direction and is in jacking fit with the bottom of the chute 26, the rear end of the bolt 23 is fixedly connected with an adjusting handle 24, and the front side of the lower seed pipeline 19 is fixedly connected with the rear side of the sliding block 20.
The seed manure compaction wheel 13 is formed by encircling two semi-annular convex plate pieces, each convex plate piece comprises a semi-annular plate, the cross section of the semi-annular plate is in a convex shape, the inner diameter of the semi-annular plate is equal to the outer diameter of the roller 10, mounting plates 15 are fixed on two side faces of the semi-annular plate, the mounting plates 15 are of semi-annular structures, and the mounting plates 15 are fixed on the outer surface of the roller 10 through bolts 16.
When the invention is used for no-tillage seeding, the front end part of the invention is connected with the rear end of the tractor and moves in the field under the traction of the tractor, the power input end of the power transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with the power output end of the tractor, the power output shaft of the tractor drives the high-speed rotation of the cutter shaft 1 through the power transmission mechanism, the stubble cutter 3, the first stubble cutter 2 and the second stubble cutter 4 chop the crop rootstock on the ground surface and in shallow soil layers, the first stubble cutter 2 with spiral torsion and the second stubble cutter 4 with spiral torsion clean the crushed stubble of the crop rootstock out of a seed fertilizer belt while chopping the plant rootstock, and the flail 5 rotates at high speed under the drive of the cutter shaft 1 to smash the crop stubble on non-tillage zones, thereby reducing the possibility of mechanical failure caused by winding the crop straw around the cutter shaft. Under the drive of an agricultural tractor, the seed and fertilizer integrated furrow opener 35 is used for ploughing a groove on the land, the seed sowing device button 34 and the fertilizer sowing device knob 33 are driven by the roller 10 through the chain transmission mechanism, chemical fertilizers are sowed in the middle of the wide furrow through the lower chemical fertilizer pipeline 22, seeds are sowed in shallower positions on two sides of the wide furrow through the lower seed pipeline 19, when the seed spacing needs to be adjusted, the adjusting handles are unscrewed 24, the sliding blocks 20 are required to be at a distance, and the transverse distances of the two sliding blocks are ensured to be equal to the transverse distance of the lower chemical fertilizer opening 22 as much as possible. The soil shifting fork 25 covers the turned soil on the seeds and fertilizer. The roller 10 rotates and compacts soil layers under the drive of a tractor through the weight of the roller, the seed manure compaction wheel 13 is compacted, a groove is formed in the ground surface, the clay adhered to the roller 10 and the seed manure compaction wheel 13 can be scraped by the scraper 11, so that rainwater is small, the rainwater can be collected at the bottom of the groove, drought is avoided, seeds are on two sides of the groove when the rainwater is large, stagnation is not caused, and when different crops are sowed, only the sowing box 32 and the sowing device 34 are needed to be replaced.
The foregoing is merely one specific embodiment of the present invention, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the field of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine for peanuts, soybeans and wheat is characterized in that: comprises a frame, a stubble breaking, stubble cleaning and winding preventing mechanism, a fertilizing and seeding mechanism and a pressing mechanism are sequentially arranged on the frame from front to back; the compacting mechanism is in transmission connection with the fertilizing and seeding mechanism;
the stubble breaking stubble cleaning anti-winding mechanism comprises a hob shaft horizontally arranged along the left-right direction, two ends of the hob shaft are rotationally connected to a frame, a power transmission mechanism in transmission connection with one end of the hob shaft is arranged on the frame, a plurality of hob groups and a plurality of flail knife groups are arranged on the hob shaft, the hob groups are arranged at equal intervals side by side along the bus direction of the hob shaft, the flail knife groups are arranged at equal intervals side by side along the axis direction of the hob shaft, and each flail knife group is positioned between two adjacent hob groups;
each hob group comprises a plurality of hob pieces, the hob pieces are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the hob shaft, each flail knife group comprises a plurality of flail knife pieces, the flail knife pieces are arranged side by side along the bus direction of the hob shaft, each flail knife piece comprises a plurality of flail knives, and the flail knives are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the hob shaft;
the fertilizing and seeding mechanism comprises a seeding box, a fertilizing box and a plurality of seed and fertilizer integrated furrow openers, wherein the seeding box and the fertilizing box are fixedly arranged on the upper part of the frame, the seeding box is positioned behind the fertilizing box, a fertilizer distributor is arranged in the fertilizing box, and a seed sowing device is arranged in the seeding box;
the seed manure integrated furrow openers are fixed on the frame and are arranged side by side at intervals along the left-right direction, each seed manure integrated furrow opener comprises a first furrow plate, a second furrow plate and a rear side plate, the front sides of the first furrow plate and the second furrow plate are fixedly connected to form a cross section, the front tip and the rear width of each cross section are of a herringbone structure, the size of each herringbone structure gradually narrows from bottom to top, the first furrow plate and the second furrow plate are symmetrically arranged left and right, and the rear side plate is fixed between the rear side of the first furrow plate and the rear side of the second furrow plate; a lower fertilizer pipeline arranged along the vertical direction is fixed at the inner side of the joint of the first turnplate and the second turnplate, and the upper end of the lower fertilizer pipeline is connected with the bottom of the fertilizer box through a fertilizer hose;
the left side and the right side of the front side surface of the rear side plate are respectively provided with a lower seed pipeline, the two lower seed pipelines are arranged in the vertical direction and are symmetrically arranged left and right, the lower port of the lower fertilizer pipeline is lower than the lower port of the lower seed pipeline, the rear side surface of the rear side plate is fixedly provided with a soil shifting fork, the soil shifting fork extends downwards and obliquely, and the upper end of the lower seed pipeline is connected with the bottom of the seeding box through a seed hose;
the hob component comprises a first stubble cleaning cutter, a second stubble cleaning cutter and a stubble breaking cutter, the first stubble cleaning cutter, the second stubble cleaning cutter and the stubble breaking cutter are respectively fixed on the outer surface of the hob shaft through cutter holders, the stubble breaking cutter is positioned between the first stubble cleaning cutter and the second stubble cleaning cutter, the length direction of the first stubble cleaning cutter, the length direction of the second stubble cleaning cutter and the length direction of the stubble breaking cutter are all arranged along the radial direction of the hob shaft, the length of the first stubble cleaning cutter is equal to the length of the second stubble cleaning cutter, and the length of the stubble breaking cutter is larger than 4cm of the length of the first stubble cleaning cutter; the first stubble cleaning cutter and the second stubble cleaning cutter are spirally twisted, the spiral twisting direction of the first stubble cleaning cutter and the spiral twisting direction of the second stubble cleaning cutter are opposite to the middle stubble cleaning cutter, and a reinforcing steel plate is fixedly connected among the first stubble cleaning cutter, the second stubble cleaning cutter and the stubble cleaning cutter.
2. The no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine for peanuts, soybeans and wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the soil compacting mechanism comprises a roller and a scraper plate, wherein the roller is horizontally arranged, wheel shafts are fixed at the centers of two end faces of the roller, the center line of each wheel shaft coincides with the center line of the roller, a chain wheel is arranged on each wheel shaft, two wheel shafts are rotationally connected to the rear side of a frame through bearings, a plurality of seed fertilizer compacting wheels are fixed on the outer surface of the roller at intervals along the center line direction of the roller, the scraper plate is fixed on the frame and extends obliquely downwards and backwards, the scraper plate is located above the roller, a plurality of soil scraping grooves are formed in the lower side edge of the scraper plate and are in one-to-one correspondence with the seed fertilizer compacting wheels, seed fertilizer integrated openers and hob groups are equal in quantity and are in one-to-one correspondence front and back, and the wheel shafts are sequentially connected with a seed sowing device and a fertilizer device in a transmission mode through a chain transmission mechanism.
3. The no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine for peanuts, soybeans and wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the flail knife comprises a knife body, the length of the knife body is 3-5cm smaller than that of the first stubble cleaning knife, and the end part of the knife body is hinged to the outer surface of the knife shaft through a pin shaft.
4. The no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine for peanuts, soybeans and wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rear side of the rear side plate is provided with a chute along the left-right horizontal direction, and two seed discharging pipelines are respectively connected in the chute in a sliding manner through a group of sliding mounting pieces.
5. The no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine for peanuts, soybeans and wheat as claimed in claim 4, wherein the no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine is characterized by: the sliding groove is a dovetail groove, the sliding mounting piece comprises a sliding block and a bolt, the sliding block is slidably connected in the sliding groove, the rear side of the sliding block protrudes out of the sliding groove, the bolt is in threaded connection in the sliding block along the front-back horizontal direction and is in jacking fit with the bottom of the sliding groove, the rear end of the bolt is fixedly connected with an adjusting handle, and the front side of the lower seed pipeline is fixedly connected with the rear side of the sliding block.
6. The no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine for peanuts, soybeans and wheat as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the seed manure compaction wheel is formed by encircling two semi-annular protruding plate pieces, and every protruding plate piece includes half-annular plate, and half-annular plate's cross-section is protruding font and half-annular plate's internal diameter equals the external diameter of roller, and half-annular plate's both sides face all is fixed with the mounting panel, and the mounting panel is semi-annular structure, and the mounting panel passes through the bolt fastening at the surface of roller.
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| CN201810005192.3A CN107969197B (en) | 2018-01-03 | 2018-01-03 | No-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine for peanuts, soybeans and wheat |
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| CN108605474A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-02 | 张吉超 | A kind of agricultural seed seeding apparatus |
| CN109565983B (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2024-02-27 | 安徽农业大学 | Pneumatic precise rape combined direct seeding machine with ditch type drag reduction arrangement |
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| DE102020118660A1 (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2022-01-20 | Müthing GmbH & Co. KG | Device and method for treating floor surfaces |
| CN112616366A (en) * | 2020-12-20 | 2021-04-09 | 温玉萍 | Seeder with adjustable seeding depth and seeding distance |
| CN113198124A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-03 | 张小兵 | Mountain forest fire prevention is with fire engine running roller |
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