CN107173298A - La Shi Minnow breeding farms and breeding La Shi Minnow methods - Google Patents

La Shi Minnow breeding farms and breeding La Shi Minnow methods Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107173298A
CN107173298A CN201710498288.3A CN201710498288A CN107173298A CN 107173298 A CN107173298 A CN 107173298A CN 201710498288 A CN201710498288 A CN 201710498288A CN 107173298 A CN107173298 A CN 107173298A
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water
breeding
shi minnow
platform
spawning
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CN107173298B (en
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王桂芹
郭贵良
王金成
夏长革
郑伟
冯伟志
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Jilin Agricultural University
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Jilin Agricultural University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/003Aquaria; Terraria
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of La Shi Minnow breeding farms and breeding La Shi Minnow methods, La Shi Minnow breeding farms, including:Cultivating pool, spawning platform, platform water filling port, deep well, cultivating pool dewatering outlet;Described spawning platform is fixed in cultivating pool on support;Platform of laying eggs is provided with gravel layer;La Shi Minnow methods are bred, including:To cultivating pool water filling;Deliver parent population;Stimulate La Shi Minnow Gunther parent fish spawnings;Parent population is pulled out with fishing net;Hatch prelarva.This kind of mode does not squeeze ovum manually, fish-egg is entirely to be fertilized under crudeness, and embryonated egg does not also make artificial treatment, and whole reproductive process is nearly all carried out under natural imitation state without injecting artificial induced spawning medicine;Do not hinder parent population, the parent population after breeding still has higher economic value.Whole reproductive process is carried out in the breeding environment of La Shi Minnow under field conditions (factors) is copied, and the fry physique healthy and strong bred, survival rate is high.

Description

La Shi Minnow breeding farms and breeding La Shi Minnow methods
Technical field
The invention belongs to economic animal cultivation field, and in particular to La Shi Minnow breeding farms and breeding La Shi Minnow methods.
Background technology
La Shi Minnow (Phoxinus lagowskii) category Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, Leuciscinae, Minnow category, are a kind of small-sized Economic fish.La Shi Minnow are cold water fishes, fit 10-25 DEG C of temperature of benefit, inhabit more water temperature is relatively low, water quality is limpid river and In mountain stream streams, cluster activity is liked.Before autumn freezes, La Shi Minnow are migrated to great river or rivers and creeks downstream from upstream streams, pierce river Survived the winter in the crack of stone or riprap in water tributary or great river;In the early spring, Laplace Minnow is entered by rivers and creeks middle reaches river of tracing back to upstream after rivers thaw Row egg reproduction.The fish in the ages in winter of La Shi Minnow 2 just can reach sexal maturity, become in the ripe La Shi Minnow parent populations meeting whole body of breeding season Lovely luster, occurs " nuptial coloration ".When annual 5-6 months, 20 DEG C or so of water temperature, decline suddenly if running into temperature, La Shi Minnow Will be ripe rapidly, concentrate heat spawning.La Shi Minnow are to lay eggs in batches, and embryonated egg is embryonated egg adhesion under viscosity, natural conditions In on sandstone (especially cobblestone) or pasture and water, fry can be hatched naturally within 3-5 days.
In recent years, due to the various reasons such as overfishing and rivers water pollution, La Shi Minnow natural resources is caused drastically Decline, fresh and alive La Shi Minnow of the current specification more than 50 grams/fish can be sold for more than 80 yuan/kilogram.Because the fish has good city Prospect, again plus the fish wide adaptation range, premunition be strong, feeding habits are miscellaneous, had both been appropriate for the large-scale pond culture of high density, Also be suitable as pond culture one takes foster kind.Thus, La Shi Minnow cultivation starts gradually to rise in northern area, cultivation Benefit is also very good, promise well.But backing is done in the seed supply that the cultivation of any fish will have abundance, thus is drawn Shi Minnow artificial propagation is also just into a focus.
Research at present in terms of La Shi Minnow artificial propagations is less.Chinese patent CN201610261449.2 " draw by one kind The artificial fecundation method of family name Minnow fishes ", discloses a kind of using artificial spawning, makes La Shi Minnow in the case of artificial induced spawning, smoothly Spawning, fertilization, the La Shi Minnow artificial fecundation methods of hatching, spawning rate reach more than 95%, rate of fertilization 86.8%, incubation rate 84.6%;But this method manual injection's oxytocic drug, wastes time and energy, and easily injures parent population.Zhang Yongquan exists《Luo Shi Minnow's is artificial Breeding》In, mention the method manually hastened parturition and hasten parturition Luo Shi Minnow, spawning rate is up to more than 90%;But manual injection's oxytocic drug Promote Gunther parent fish spawning and manually squeeze ovum, fertilization procedures are difficult, easily injure parent population, and be unfavorable for carrying out seed large-scale production. Luo little Nian exists《La Shi Minnow artificial propagation tests》Middle report, the method for hanging palm fish nest using small size pond sandstone substrate pond makes Parent population natural spawning;This method non-water flow is stimulated, and parent population gonad development is bad, and parent population can not remove after spawning, eat ovum phenomenon tight Weight, causes emergence rate to reduce.It is, therefore, desirable to provide a kind of New Scheme solves the deficiencies in the prior art.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide the Laplace for not hindering parent population, free from environmental pollution, postpartum parent population survival rate is high, fish-egg loss is few Minnow breeding farms and breeding La Shi Minnow methods.
La Shi Minnow breeding farms, it includes:Cultivating pool 1, spawning platform 2, platform water filling port 6, deep well, cultivating pool are put The mouth of a river;Described spawning platform 2 is fixed on support 4 in cultivating pool 1;Platform 2 of laying eggs is provided with gravel layer 3;Platform is noted The mouth of a river 6 is located at the top of spawning platform 2 one end;
Described long 20-30 meters of spawning platform 2,3-5 meters of width;
The described thickness of gravel layer 3 is 15-20cm;
The described particle diameter 5-8cm of gravel layer 3;
Described spawning platform 2 is with the normal water bit line 5 of cultivating pool 1 apart from 45-55cm.
One kind breeding La Shi Minnow methods, comprise the following steps:
1) cultivating pool water filling, the water surface exposes gravel layer below spawning platform;Every mu is delivered parent population 10-15kg;
2) when water temperature stability is more than 10 DEG C, then to cultivating pool moisturizing, the water surface is made to be higher than gravel layer 25-35cm;Use water pump The water in cultivating pool is taken out, through platform water filling port to the gravel layer water filling on spawning platform, gravel layer forms current, to the other end Flowing;
3) when cultivating pool water temperature stability is more than 18 DEG C, well water is continuously filled into cultivating pool, water temperature is dropped to 12 DEG C When below water, the water at low temperature drained in cultivating pool adds warm water, makes water temperature stability more than 18 DEG C, is kept for 1 day;
4) repeat step 3);To La Shi Minnow Gunther parent fish spawning;
5) La Shi Minnow have produced ovum, and parent population is pulled out with fishing net;
6) 19-21 DEG C of water temperature, repeat step 2 are being stablized);
Described pull-out parent population is to release the water in cultivating pool, makes water water level less than spawning platform, forces La Shi Minnow parent populations Spawning platform is left, then draws the parent population in net cultivating pool, then water filling to flood spawning platform rapidly with fishing net, repeats foregoing step Suddenly, net La Shi Minnow parent populations are drawn;
Described repetition abovementioned steps are repetition 2-3 times;
Described step 2) flow rate of water flow 0.05m/s-0.15m/s;
Described step 3) the 1.5-3 days well water time of filling.
The invention provides La Shi Minnow breeding farms and breeding La Shi Minnow methods.La Shi Minnow breeding farms, including:Cultivating pool, Spawning platform, platform water filling port, deep well, cultivating pool dewatering outlet;Described spawning platform is fixed on culturing pool on support In the pool;Platform of laying eggs is provided with gravel layer.La Shi Minnow methods are bred, including:To cultivating pool water filling;Deliver parent population;Stimulate and draw Shi Minnow Gunther parent fish spawnings;Parent population is pulled out with fishing net;Hatch prelarva.This kind of mode is not squeezed manually without injecting artificial induced spawning medicine Ovum, fish-egg is entirely to be fertilized under crudeness, and embryonated egg does not also make artificial treatment, whole reproductive process be nearly all Carried out under natural imitation state;Do not hinder parent population, the parent population after breeding still has higher economic value.Whole reproductive process is equal It is to be carried out in the breeding environment of La Shi Minnow under field conditions (factors) is copied, the fry physique healthy and strong bred, survival rate is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is breeding La Shi Minnow breeding farms schematic cross-sectional view;
Fig. 2 is breeding La Shi Minnow breeding farms schematic top plan view.
Embodiment
The breeding La Shi Minnow of embodiment 1 breeding farms
Fig. 1,2 are referred to, La Shi Minnow breeding farms are bred, it includes:Cultivating pool 1, spawning platform 2, platform water filling port 6, deep water Well, cultivating pool dewatering outlet;
Described long 20-30 meters of spawning platform 2,3-5 meters of width, are fixed on support 4 in cultivating pool 1, are set on spawning platform 2 There is gravel layer 3;
Described spawning platform 2 is with the normal water bit line 5 of cultivating pool 1 apart from 50cm;
The thickness of gravel layer 3 is 15-20cm.
Embodiment 2 breeds La Shi Minnow methods
La Shi Minnow methods are bred, following steps are specifically included:
1) suitable spawning pond is selected:The cultivating pool of 1-3 mus of an open area is selected as spawning pond.Pond requires that water source fills Foot, good water-retaining property, water injection is convenient, especially can fill the water of well water and natural water area at any time.Pond shape should neatly have rule Then, it is easy to feeding management and the operation such as draws in the net.Spring will make pond depth of water 10cm or so after constructing a canal, and every mu is used quick lime 100- Full pool spilling head after 150kg, slurrying, to kill wild fishes, aquatic insect, benthon and various pathogen.
2) spawning ground is set up:After pond disinfection 5 days, the place of water filling is facilitated to build a long 20-30 with plank in pond Rice, the platform of 3-5 meters of width, platform is at the depth of water 50cm of pond ordinary water level 5.Then rushing for 15-20cm thickness is spread on platform The cobblestone of wash clean is used as spawning ground.Cobble particle diameter 5-8cm.Set up behind spawning ground, by pond water filling to spawning ground bottom, Cobblestone is set to surface.
3) parent population is delivered:About at 4 the end of month, every mu is about delivered parent population 10-15kg.Parent population will select physique healthy and strong, specification Neatly, body colour is vivid, disease-free without wound, and the well-developed La Shi Minnow that more than 15 centimetres of body length are as parent population, sex ration about 1: 1。
4) natural conditions are imitated:On May, the middle ten days, when water water temperature stability is more than 10 DEG C, into pond, water filling is to improve water Position, the cm of cobble 30 for making water flood on hatchery.Then length of the water in former pond along spawning ground is taken out with water pump to flowing through Spawning ground, makes spawning ground form current, flow rate of water flow 0.05m/s-0.15m/s.It is cobblestone to be modeled to substrate under natural conditions Rivers and creeks, be formed as manual simulation spawning ground, stimulate La Shi Minnow to reach maturity and lay eggs.Late May, when water water temperature stability exists At more than 18 DEG C, continuously into pond fill well water make water temperature drop, through the left and right time two days later, make water temperature drop to 12 DEG C of water with When lower, then the water at low temperature drained rapidly in pond fills the water of natural water area normal temperature to improve water temperature.In water temperature stability When more than 18 DEG C after 1 day, hasten parturition again once according to the method described above.By the stimulation of such a imitative natural conditions, La Shi Minnow parent Fish starts to concentrate Maturation and spawning.Embryonated egg viscosity, ovum is adhered on the cobblestone in spawning ground.
5) parent population is separated after laying eggs:After the 3d that La Shi Minnow start spawning, rapid (2-5h) extracts the water in spawning pond out, makes Water water level is less than spawning ground, then draws the parent population in net spawning pond rapidly with fishing net, then hasten (2-5h) water is noted to flooding No spawning ground.Work above is repeated every a period of time (2-3h), the La Shi Minnow parent populations in the crack of stone of spawning ground are elicited, net is used Pull out.So 2-3 times repeatedly, the La Shi Minnow parent populations in spawning pond are drawn clean.
6) incubating oosperm:Separate after La Shi Minnow parent populations, by water note to original position, water is flooded spawning ground 30cm left It is right.Former water is still taken out with water pump and rushes spawning ground, artificial incubation current are formed.In 20 DEG C or so of water temperature, son is hatched within 3-5 days or so Fish, prelarva keeps in dark place, and starts hidden between cobble gap.Pass through 6-8 days again, prelarva no longer keeps in dark place, starting being capable of automatic swimming, beginning Initial feeding.
7) larvae cultivation:4-5 days before fry initial feeding, if finding there is large-scale cladocera and Copepods in pond, Killed with trichlorphon 0.1-0.3ppm concentration, in favor of the growth of the agreeable to the taste bait such as the wheel animalcule in pond, it is ensured that young Fish has abundant open-mouthed bait.All floated after prelarva and after initial feeding, certain soya-bean milk that to splash daily is fed.Feeding volume Soya bean 100-150g is used daily for every 10,000 tail prelarva.About feed after a wheat harvesting period, when La Shi Minnow grow to 3 cm, Pool sale can just be gone out or the cultivation that other ponds carry out next stage is transferred to.
2012-2015, is prolonging side migration fishes breeding farm, Wangqing County Feng Liugen fish culture Professional Cooperations respectively 5 aquaculture units such as society, Wangqing County forestry bureau Jin Canglinchang, Yongji County mausoleum ridge reservoir, Panshi City Yellow River Reservoir, are carried out The Ecology breeding La Shi Minnow experiments of 10 batches.It the results are shown in Table 1.From table 1, its spawning rate has reached 81.8%, rate of fertilization 71.3% is reached, incubation rate has reached 91.8%.It was verified that except rate of fertilization is lower than artificial insemination by one in its natural state A little outer, spawning rate and incubation rate have all reached very high effect.Illustrate that the present invention hastens parturition without medicine, imitate nature to Laplace Minnow, which hastens parturition, has still reached good effect.And not medication of being hastened parturition to La Shi Minnow, can not hinder parent population, free from environmental pollution, production Parent population survival rate is high afterwards.Incubating oosperm is carried out under height natural imitation environment, and not only incubation rate is high, and saving of labor, It is time saving, laborsaving.
The Ecology of table 1 breeds La Shi Minnow result of the tests

Claims (10)

1. La Shi Minnow breeding farms, it includes, cultivating pool(1), spawning platform(2), platform water filling port(6), deep well, culturing pool Pool dewatering outlet, it is characterised in that:Described spawning platform(2)By support(4)On be fixed on cultivating pool(1)It is interior;Spawning platform (2)It is provided with gravel layer(3);Platform water filling port(6)It is located at spawning platform(2)The top of one end.
2. La Shi Minnow breeding farms according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described spawning platform(2)Long 20-30 meters, It is wide 3-5 meters.
3. La Shi Minnow breeding farms according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:Described gravel layer(3)Thickness is 15- 20cm。
4. La Shi Minnow breeding farms according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:Described gravel layer(3)Particle diameter 5-8cm.
5. La Shi Minnow breeding farms according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:Described spawning platform(2)With cultivating pool (1)Normal water bit line(5)Apart from 45-55cm.
6. one kind breeding La Shi Minnow methods, comprise the following steps:
1)Cultivating pool water filling, the water surface exposes gravel layer below spawning platform;Every mu is delivered parent population 10-15kg;
2)When water temperature stability is more than 10 DEG C, then to cultivating pool moisturizing, the water surface is set to be higher than gravel layer 25-35cm;Use water pump The water in cultivating pool is taken out, through platform water filling port to the gravel layer water filling on spawning platform, gravel layer forms current, to the other end Flowing;
3)When cultivating pool water temperature stability is more than 18 DEG C, well water is continuously filled into cultivating pool, water temperature is dropped to 12 DEG C When below water, the water at low temperature drained in cultivating pool adds warm water, makes water temperature stability more than 18 DEG C, is kept for 1 day;
4)Repeat step 3);To La Shi Minnow Gunther parent fish spawning;
5)La Shi Minnow have produced ovum, and parent population is pulled out with fishing net;
6)Stablizing 19-21 DEG C of water temperature, repeat step 2).
7. a kind of breeding La Shi Minnow methods according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:Described pull-out parent population is to release to support The water in pond is grown, makes water water level less than spawning platform, forces La Shi Minnow parent populations to leave spawning platform, it is then rapid with fishing net Draw the parent population in net cultivating pool, then water filling to flood spawning platform, repeat abovementioned steps, draw net La Shi Minnow parent populations.
8. a kind of breeding La Shi Minnow methods according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:Described repetition abovementioned steps are attached most importance to It is multiple 2-3 times.
9. a kind of breeding La Shi Minnow methods according to claim 6,7 or 8, it is characterised in that:Described step 2)Current Flow velocity 0.05m/s-0.15m/s.
10. a kind of breeding La Shi Minnow methods according to claim 9, it is characterised in that:Described step 3)Fill well water 1.5-3 days time.
CN201710498288.3A 2017-06-27 2017-06-27 Phoxinus lagowskii breeding farm and phoxinus lagowskii breeding method Active CN107173298B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114514898A (en) * 2022-03-26 2022-05-20 晋中市农业农村局 Artificial propagation method of phoxinus lagowskii
CN116210627A (en) * 2023-03-13 2023-06-06 内江师范学院 Artificial induced spawning and hatching method for tinca

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104872006A (en) * 2014-05-12 2015-09-02 黄山市休宁县珍稀水生动物研究所 Artificial propagation method of Acrossocheilus fasciatus
CN105850807A (en) * 2016-04-25 2016-08-17 吉林省水产科学研究院 Artificial propagation method of Phoxinus lagowskii Dybowskii

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104872006A (en) * 2014-05-12 2015-09-02 黄山市休宁县珍稀水生动物研究所 Artificial propagation method of Acrossocheilus fasciatus
CN105850807A (en) * 2016-04-25 2016-08-17 吉林省水产科学研究院 Artificial propagation method of Phoxinus lagowskii Dybowskii

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114514898A (en) * 2022-03-26 2022-05-20 晋中市农业农村局 Artificial propagation method of phoxinus lagowskii
CN114514898B (en) * 2022-03-26 2023-05-05 晋中市农业农村局 Artificial propagation method of lagerstroemia indica
CN116210627A (en) * 2023-03-13 2023-06-06 内江师范学院 Artificial induced spawning and hatching method for tinca

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