CN107162833A - A kind of method for culturing seedlings of walnut - Google Patents
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of walnut Download PDFInfo
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- CN107162833A CN107162833A CN201710472883.XA CN201710472883A CN107162833A CN 107162833 A CN107162833 A CN 107162833A CN 201710472883 A CN201710472883 A CN 201710472883A CN 107162833 A CN107162833 A CN 107162833A
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- walnut
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- grafting
- scion
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Abstract
The invention belongs to nursery technology field, more particularly to a kind of method for culturing seedlings of walnut；Comprise the following steps：Stock processing, grafting, daily management；Operating procedure of the present invention is simple, seedling cost is relatively low, pass through the reasonable selection to stock and scion, the affinity between them is improved, stock and scion are respectively processed before bonding, including in terms of nutritional ingredient demand and disease control, while walnut normal growth is met, the survival rate of walnut is ensure that to greatest extent, survival rate is more than 99%, while the per mu yield of walnut improves more than 17.9% relative to traditional engrafting method.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nursery technology field, more particularly to a kind of method for culturing seedlings of walnut.
Background technology
Walnut, also known as English walnut, Qiang peach is juglandaceae plant, with almond, cashew nut, fibert and referred to as world-renowned " four is big
Dry fruit ", walnut kernel contains abundant nutrient, per hectogram containing 15~20 grams of protein, fatty more, 10 grams of carbohydrate,
And contain a variety of dimension lifes such as various trace elements and the mineral matters such as calcium needed by human, phosphorus, iron, and carrotene, riboflavin
Element, walnut is sweet, mild-natured, temperature, nontoxic, slight bitter, the disease such as micro-puckery is gone mad for amenorrhea due to stagnation of blood, abdominal pain due to blood stasis, storage blood, bruise stasis of blood energy
Disease；Stool for dry constipation of intestines is difficult to resolve, the work(for having stronger promoting blood circulation for regulating menstruation, removing blood stasis for promoting tissue regeneration, also has the work(of ease constipation, cough-relieving concurrently.
In view of the abundant edible and medical value of walnut, widely, its market demand is very big, base for its application
In the state that supply falls short of demand in sheet, current walnut has cultivation in China various regions, and scale constantly expands, and cultivates walnut,
The cultivation of walnut seedling is crucial, and in the prior art, the investigative technique on walnut vegetative propagation is various, especially graft seedling growth
Processing；However, the grafting processing mode at present for walnut is incorrect, causes the survival rate after walnut grafting relatively low,
Situation is grown poor, in consideration of it, the survival rate of walnut how is improved by the graft seedling growth of reasonable science, to improve walnut production
Amount, becomes particularly important to meet the demand of existing market.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the above technical problems, there is provided a kind of method for culturing seedlings of walnut.
Realized particular by following technical scheme：
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of walnut, comprises the following steps：
(1) stock is handled：Choose sturdy stem, no disease and pests harm, have no mechanical damage, raw wild walnut tree conduct in 6~8 years
In stock, 6 months before grafting, daily management is carried out to the walnut of selection, conventional fertilizers are replaced by walnut special fertilizer, and
A prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control liquid is sprayed every 10~15d；
(2) grafting：Grafting the last week, thimerosal is sprayed to scionwood bar or bud surrounding, cut on the day of same day grafting
Cut-grafting fringe, it is 10~15cm, shape and scion wound that one of depth will be cut out at the liftoff 30~40cm in stock root position
The otch of wedging, scion is implanted into stock otch, wound junction black plastic mulching is fixed, and leave 3 with band
~5 holes；
(3) daily management：After the completion of grafting, stock is watered and using walnut special fertilizer, to scion spraying nutrient solution,
Carry out daily management；
Described walnut special fertilizer, is made up of following raw material by weight：Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 30~40, magnesium sulfate
1~2, calcium carbonate 1~2, ammonium molybdate 1~2, zinc sulfate 1~2, borax 1~2, sodium selenate 0.8~1.2, humus 2~4, wooden
Acid 1~3, bentonite 4~6, peat 10~20, furfural dregs 12~18, granatum 10~20, fallen leaves 6~12, walnut shell powder 15~
25th, pine needle 6~9, rattletop 10~20, moutan bark 6~9, Fructus Corni 12~18, the seed of garden balsam 15~25.
Described walnut special fertilizer, its preparation method comprises the following steps：
(1) inorganic fertilizer is prepared：By nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, magnesium sulfate, calcium carbonate, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, borax and sodium selenate
Mixing, is incorporated as the water of 0.8~1.2 times of amount of mixture, and heating dissolves it, through cooling down, dehydrating, obtains inorganic fertilizer；
(2) organic fertilizer is prepared：Pine needle, rattletop, moutan bark, Fructus Corni and the seed of garden balsam are weighed into mixing by formula, crushed, plus
Water infusion into the medicinal extract that water content is 18~25%, then with humus, xylonic acid, bentonite, peat, furfural dregs, granatum, fall
Leaf, walnut shell powder are mixed by formula, are mixed thoroughly, deliver to fermenting cellar, and ferment 4~5d, pulls drying out, obtains organic fertilizer；
(3) batch mixing：The organic fertilizer of preparation and inorganic fertilizer are mixed, crushed, sieving, it is 0.2 that particle diameter, which is made, by comminutor
~0.3mm particle.
Described fermentation, temperature is 30~35 DEG C, and relative humidity is 40~50%, and pH value is 4.5~5.5.
Described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the mass ratio of its N P and K is 2: 0.6~1: 0.8~1.2.
Described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control liquid, be 10~20% by the ethanol of concentration >=75%, content limewash, concentration be
8~10% hydrogen peroxide is mixed by 1~2: 0.4~0.6: 0.1~0.2 mass ratio, is mixed thoroughly.
Described scion branch is the walnut of 1~2 year raw fine quality of selection as female parent.
Described thimerosal, is to force stone-like omphalia, betel nut, smallflower epipactis root than mixing by 0.3~0.5: 1: 0.8~1.2 quality,
Add 1.2~1.8 times of water of the mixture quality, 40~50min of infusion, filtering, by filtrate and concentration be 1.2~
1.8% potassium permanganate is mixed according to 1: 0.12~0.18 mass ratio, is mixed thoroughly.
Described nutrient solution, is made up of following raw material by weight：Concentration is 0.068~0.086% salt solution 30
~40, urea 12~18, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 6~12, seven water manganese sulfates 0.8~1.2, glycine 2~3, lysine 1~2, shell gather
Sugar 6~8, zinc sulfate 1~2, sodium selenate 0.8~1.2, ammonium molybdate 0.8~1.2,800 times of liquid 1~2 of Mancozeb, 10% chlorine cyanogen
2500 times of liquid 3~5 of chrysanthemum ester.
In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：Operating procedure of the present invention is simple, and seedling cost is relatively low, by right
Stock and the reasonable selection of scion, improve the affinity between them, and stock and scion are respectively processed before bonding,
In terms of including nutritional ingredient demand and disease control, while walnut normal growth is met, core is ensure that to greatest extent
The survival rate of peach, survival rate is more than 99%, while the per mu yield of walnut is improved relative to traditional engrafting method
More than 17.9%.
Wherein, when stock is handled, conventional fertilizers are replaced by walnut special fertilizer, composition collocation is more reasonable, meets core
The nutritional need of peach, meets the growth of stock to greatest extent, lays the first stone, reaches for the nutrition that scion provides abundance for the later stage
Fast-growth, the purpose of volume increase；Disinfected by carrying out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and scion female parent to stock, reduce stock with
And the risk that scion is encroached on by pest and disease damage, improve the survival rate of grafting nursery stock；It is full to scion spraying nutrient solution after later stage grafting
Sufficient scion nursery stock realizes the purpose of volume increase to the reasonable demand of nutrition, tachyauxesis.
Embodiment
The embodiment to the present invention is described in further detail below, but the invention is not limited in these realities
Mode is applied, any improvement or replacement on the present embodiment essence spirit still falls within the claims in the present invention claimed
Scope.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of walnut, comprises the following steps：
(1) stock is handled：Choose sturdy stem, no disease and pests harm, have no mechanical damage, raw wild walnut tree conduct in 6~8 years
In stock, 6 months before grafting, daily management is carried out to the walnut of selection, conventional fertilizers are replaced by walnut special fertilizer, and
A prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control liquid is sprayed every 10~15d；
Described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control liquid, be 10% by the ethanol of concentration >=75%, content limewash, concentration be 8%
Hydrogen peroxide by 1: 0.4: 0.1 mass ratio mix, mix thoroughly；
(2) grafting：The walnut for choosing 1~2 year raw fine quality is used as female parent, grafting the last week, by thimerosal pair
Scion branch or bud surrounding are sprayed, shearing scion on the day of same day grafting, at the liftoff 30~40cm in stock root position
It is 10~15cm, shape and the otch of scion wound wedging to cut out one of depth, scion is implanted into stock otch, by wound
Junction black plastic mulching, is fixed with band, and leaves 3~5 holes；
Described thimerosal, is to force stone-like omphalia, betel nut, smallflower epipactis root than mixing by 0.3: 1: 0.8 quality, adds described mixed
1.2 times of water of compound quality, infusion 40min, filtering, by filtrate and concentration for 1.2% potassium permanganate according to 1: 0.12
Mass ratio is mixed, and is mixed thoroughly；
(3) daily management：After the completion of grafting, stock is watered and using walnut special fertilizer, to scion spraying nutrient solution,
Carry out daily management；
Described walnut special fertilizer, is made up of following raw material by weight：Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 30kg, magnesium sulfate
It is 1kg, calcium carbonate 1kg, ammonium molybdate 1kg, zinc sulfate 1kg, borax 1kg, sodium selenate 0.8kg, humus 2kg, xylonic acid 1kg, swollen
Moisten soil 4kg, peat 10kg, furfural dregs 12kg, granatum 10kg, the 6kg that falls leaves, walnut shell powder 15kg, pine needle 6kg, rattletop 10kg,
Moutan bark 6kg, Fructus Corni 12kg, seed of garden balsam 15kg.
Described walnut special fertilizer, its preparation method comprises the following steps：
(1) inorganic fertilizer is prepared：By nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, magnesium sulfate, calcium carbonate, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, borax and sodium selenate
Mixing, is incorporated as the water of 0.8 times of amount of mixture, and heating dissolves it, through cooling down, dehydrating, obtains inorganic fertilizer, wherein,
Described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the mass ratio of its N P and K is 2: 0.6: 0.8；
(2) organic fertilizer is prepared：Pine needle, rattletop, moutan bark, Fructus Corni and the seed of garden balsam are weighed into mixing by formula, crushed, plus
Water infusion into water content be 18% medicinal extract, then with humus, xylonic acid, bentonite, peat, furfural dregs, granatum, fallen leaves,
Walnut shell powder is mixed by formula, is mixed thoroughly, delivers to fermenting cellar, regulation temperature is 30 DEG C, and relative humidity is 40%, and pH value is 4.5, hair
4~5d of ferment, pulls drying out, obtains organic fertilizer；
(3) batch mixing：The organic fertilizer of preparation and inorganic fertilizer are mixed, crushed, sieving, particle diameter, which is made, by comminutor is
0.2mm particle.
Described nutrient solution, is made up of following raw material by weight：Salt solution 30kg, urea of the concentration for 0.068%
12kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 6kg, seven water manganese sulfate 0.8kg, glycine 2kg, lysine 1kg, chitosan 6kg, zinc sulfate 1kg, selenium
Sour sodium 0.8kg, ammonium molybdate 0.8kg, 800 times of liquid 1kg of Mancozeb, 10% cypermethrin, 2500 times of liquid 3kg.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of walnut, comprises the following steps：
(1) stock is handled：Choose sturdy stem, no disease and pests harm, have no mechanical damage, raw wild walnut tree conduct in 6~8 years
In stock, 6 months before grafting, daily management is carried out to the walnut of selection, conventional fertilizers are replaced by walnut special fertilizer, and
A prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control liquid is sprayed every 10~15d；
Described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control liquid, be 20% by the ethanol of concentration >=75%, content limewash, concentration be 10%
Hydrogen peroxide by 2: 0.6: 0.2 mass ratio mix, mix thoroughly；
(2) grafting：The walnut for choosing 1~2 year raw fine quality is used as female parent, grafting the last week, by thimerosal pair
Scion branch or bud surrounding are sprayed, shearing scion on the day of same day grafting, at the liftoff 30~40cm in stock root position
It is 10~15cm, shape and the otch of scion wound wedging to cut out one of depth, scion is implanted into stock otch, by wound
Junction black plastic mulching, is fixed with band, and leaves 3~5 holes；
Described thimerosal, is to force stone-like omphalia, betel nut, smallflower epipactis root than mixing by 0.5: 1: 1.2 quality, adds described mixed
1.8 times of water of compound quality, 40~50min of infusion, filtering, by filtrate and concentration for 1.8% potassium permanganate according to 1:
0.18 mass ratio mixing, is mixed thoroughly；
(3) daily management：After the completion of grafting, stock is watered and using walnut special fertilizer, to scion spraying nutrient solution,
Carry out daily management；
Described walnut special fertilizer, is made up of following raw material by weight：Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 40kg, magnesium sulfate
It is 2kg, calcium carbonate 2kg, ammonium molybdate 2kg, zinc sulfate 2kg, borax 2kg, sodium selenate 1.2kg, humus 4kg, xylonic acid 3kg, swollen
Moisten soil 6kg, peat 20kg, furfural dregs 18kg, granatum 20kg, fallen leaves 12kg, walnut shell powder 25kg, pine needle 9kg, rattletop
20kg, moutan bark 9kg, Fructus Corni 18kg, seed of garden balsam 25kg.
Described walnut special fertilizer, its preparation method comprises the following steps：
(1) inorganic fertilizer is prepared：By nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, magnesium sulfate, calcium carbonate, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, borax and sodium selenate
Mixing, is incorporated as the water of 0.8~1.2 times of amount of mixture, and heating dissolves it, through cooling down, dehydrating, obtains inorganic fertilizer,
Wherein, described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the mass ratio of its N P and K is 2: 1: 1.2；
(2) organic fertilizer is prepared：Pine needle, rattletop, moutan bark, Fructus Corni and the seed of garden balsam are weighed into mixing by formula, crushed, plus
Water infusion into the medicinal extract that water content is 18~25%, then with humus, xylonic acid, bentonite, peat, furfural dregs, granatum, fall
Leaf, walnut shell powder are mixed by formula, are mixed thoroughly, deliver to fermenting cellar, regulation temperature is 35 DEG C, and relative humidity is 50%, and pH value is
5.5, ferment 4~5d, pulls drying out, obtains organic fertilizer；
(3) batch mixing：The organic fertilizer of preparation and inorganic fertilizer are mixed, crushed, sieving, particle diameter, which is made, by comminutor is
0.3mm particle.
Described nutrient solution, is made up of following raw material by weight：Salt solution 40kg, urea of the concentration for 0.086%
18kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 12kg, seven water manganese sulfate 1.2kg, glycine 3kg, lysine 2kg, chitosan 8kg, zinc sulfate 2kg,
Sodium selenate 1.2kg, ammonium molybdate 1.2kg, 800 times of liquid 2kg of Mancozeb, 10% cypermethrin, 2500 times of liquid 5kg.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of walnut, comprises the following steps：
(1) stock is handled：Choose sturdy stem, no disease and pests harm, have no mechanical damage, raw wild walnut tree conduct in 6~8 years
In stock, 6 months before grafting, daily management is carried out to the walnut of selection, conventional fertilizers are replaced by walnut special fertilizer, and
A prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control liquid is sprayed every 10~15d；
Described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control liquid, be 15% by the ethanol of concentration >=75%, content limewash, concentration be 9%
Hydrogen peroxide by 1.5: 0.5: 0.15 mass ratio mix, mix thoroughly；
(2) grafting：The walnut for choosing 1~2 year raw fine quality is used as female parent, grafting the last week, by thimerosal pair
Scion branch or bud surrounding are sprayed, shearing scion on the day of same day grafting, at the liftoff 30~40cm in stock root position
It is 10~15cm, shape and the otch of scion wound wedging to cut out one of depth, scion is implanted into stock otch, by wound
Junction black plastic mulching, is fixed with band, and leaves 3~5 holes；
Described thimerosal, is to force stone-like omphalia, betel nut, smallflower epipactis root than mixing by 0.4: 1: 1 quality, adds the mixing
1.5 times of water of amount of substance, infusion 45min, filtering, by filtrate and concentration for 1.5% potassium permanganate according to 1: 0.15 matter
Amount is mixed thoroughly than mixing；
(3) daily management：After the completion of grafting, stock is watered and using walnut special fertilizer, to scion spraying nutrient solution,
Carry out daily management；
Described walnut special fertilizer, is made up of following raw material by weight：Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 35kg, magnesium sulfate
It is 1.5kg, calcium carbonate 1.5kg, ammonium molybdate 1.5kg, zinc sulfate 1.5kg, borax 1.5kg, sodium selenate 1kg, humus 3kg, wooden
Sour 2kg, bentonite 5kg, peat 15kg, furfural dregs 15kg, granatum 15kg, fallen leaves 9kg, walnut shell powder 20kg, pine needle 8kg,
Rattletop 15kg, moutan bark 8kg, Fructus Corni 15kg, seed of garden balsam 20kg.
Described walnut special fertilizer, its preparation method comprises the following steps：
(1) inorganic fertilizer is prepared：By nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, magnesium sulfate, calcium carbonate, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, borax and sodium selenate
Mixing, is incorporated as the water of 0.8~1.2 times of amount of mixture, and heating dissolves it, through cooling down, dehydrating, obtains inorganic fertilizer,
Wherein, described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the mass ratio of its N P and K is 2: 0.8: 1；
(2) organic fertilizer is prepared：Pine needle, rattletop, moutan bark, Fructus Corni and the seed of garden balsam are weighed into mixing by formula, crushed, plus
Water infusion into water content be 22% medicinal extract, then with humus, xylonic acid, bentonite, peat, furfural dregs, granatum, fallen leaves,
Walnut shell powder is mixed by formula, is mixed thoroughly, delivers to fermenting cellar, regulation temperature is 33 DEG C, and relative humidity is 45%, and pH value is 5, fermentation
4~5d, pulls drying out, obtains organic fertilizer；
(3) batch mixing：The organic fertilizer of preparation and inorganic fertilizer are mixed, crushed, sieving, particle diameter, which is made, by comminutor is
0.25mm particle.
Described nutrient solution, is made up of following raw material by weight：Salt solution 35kg, urea of the concentration for 0.075%
15kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 9kg, seven water manganese sulfate 1kg, glycine 2.5kg, lysine 1.5kg, chitosan 7kg, zinc sulfate
1.5kg, sodium selenate 1kg, ammonium molybdate 1kg, 800 times of liquid 1.5kg of Mancozeb, 10% cypermethrin, 2500 times of liquid 4kg.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of walnut, comprises the following steps：
(1) stock is handled：Choose sturdy stem, no disease and pests harm, have no mechanical damage, raw wild walnut tree conduct in 6~8 years
In stock, 6 months before grafting, daily management is carried out to the walnut of selection, conventional fertilizers are replaced by walnut special fertilizer, and
A prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control liquid is sprayed every 10~15d；
Described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control liquid, be 10% by the ethanol of concentration >=75%, content limewash, concentration be 10%
Hydrogen peroxide by 1: 0.6: 0.1 mass ratio mix, mix thoroughly；
(2) grafting：The walnut for choosing 1~2 year raw fine quality is used as female parent, grafting the last week, by thimerosal pair
Scion branch or bud surrounding are sprayed, shearing scion on the day of same day grafting, at the liftoff 30~40cm in stock root position
It is 10~15cm, shape and the otch of scion wound wedging to cut out one of depth, scion is implanted into stock otch, by wound
Junction black plastic mulching, is fixed with band, and leaves 3~5 holes；
Described thimerosal, is to force stone-like omphalia, betel nut, smallflower epipactis root than mixing by 0.3: 1: 1.2 quality, adds described mixed
1.2 times of water of compound quality, infusion 50min, filtering, by filtrate and concentration for 1.8% potassium permanganate according to 1: 0.12
Mass ratio is mixed, and is mixed thoroughly；
(3) daily management：After the completion of grafting, stock is watered and using walnut special fertilizer, to scion spraying nutrient solution,
Carry out daily management；
Described walnut special fertilizer, is made up of following raw material by weight：Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 40kg, magnesium sulfate
It is 1kg, calcium carbonate 2kg, ammonium molybdate 1kg, zinc sulfate 2kg, borax 1kg, sodium selenate 1.2kg, humus 2kg, xylonic acid 3kg, swollen
Moisten soil 4kg, peat 20kg, furfural dregs 12kg, granatum 20kg, the 6kg that falls leaves, walnut shell powder 25kg, pine needle 6kg, rattletop 20kg,
Moutan bark 6kg, Fructus Corni 18kg, seed of garden balsam 15kg.
Described walnut special fertilizer, its preparation method comprises the following steps：
(1) inorganic fertilizer is prepared：By nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, magnesium sulfate, calcium carbonate, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, borax and sodium selenate
Mixing, is incorporated as the water of 0.8 times of amount of mixture, and heating dissolves it, through cooling down, dehydrating, obtains inorganic fertilizer, wherein,
Described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the mass ratio of its N P and K is 2: 1: 0.8；
(2) organic fertilizer is prepared：Pine needle, rattletop, moutan bark, Fructus Corni and the seed of garden balsam are weighed into mixing by formula, crushed, plus
Water infusion into water content be 25% medicinal extract, then with humus, xylonic acid, bentonite, peat, furfural dregs, granatum, fallen leaves,
Walnut shell powder is mixed by formula, is mixed thoroughly, delivers to fermenting cellar, regulation temperature is 30 DEG C, and relative humidity is 50%, and pH value is 4.5, hair
4~5d of ferment, pulls drying out, obtains organic fertilizer；
(3) batch mixing：The organic fertilizer of preparation and inorganic fertilizer are mixed, crushed, sieving, particle diameter, which is made, by comminutor is
0.3mm particle.
Described nutrient solution, is made up of following raw material by weight：Salt solution 40kg, urea of the concentration for 0.068%
12kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 12kg, seven water manganese sulfate 0.8kg, glycine 3kg, lysine 1kg, chitosan 6kg, zinc sulfate 2kg,
Sodium selenate 0.8kg, ammonium molybdate 1.2kg, 800 times of liquid 1kg of Mancozeb, 10% cypermethrin, 2500 times of liquid 5kg.
Embodiment 5
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of walnut, comprises the following steps：
(1) stock is handled：Choose sturdy stem, no disease and pests harm, have no mechanical damage, raw wild walnut tree conduct in 6~8 years
In stock, 6 months before grafting, daily management is carried out to the walnut of selection, conventional fertilizers are replaced by walnut special fertilizer, and
A prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control liquid is sprayed every 10~15d；
Described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control liquid, be 10% by the ethanol of concentration >=75%, content limewash, concentration be 8%
Hydrogen peroxide by 2: 0.6: 0.1 mass ratio mix, mix thoroughly；
(2) grafting：The walnut for choosing 1~2 year raw fine quality is used as female parent, grafting the last week, by thimerosal pair
Scion branch or bud surrounding are sprayed, shearing scion on the day of same day grafting, at the liftoff 30~40cm in stock root position
It is 10~15cm, shape and the otch of scion wound wedging to cut out one of depth, scion is implanted into stock otch, by wound
Junction black plastic mulching, is fixed with band, and leaves 3~5 holes；
Described thimerosal, is to force stone-like omphalia, betel nut, smallflower epipactis root than mixing by 0.3: 1: 1.2 quality, adds described mixed
1.2 times of water of compound quality, infusion 40min, filtering, by filtrate and concentration for 1.8% potassium permanganate according to 1: 0.18
Mass ratio is mixed, and is mixed thoroughly；
(3) daily management：After the completion of grafting, stock is watered and using walnut special fertilizer, to scion spraying nutrient solution,
Carry out daily management；
Described walnut special fertilizer, is made up of following raw material by weight：Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 30kg, magnesium sulfate
It is 1kg, calcium carbonate 2kg, ammonium molybdate 2kg, zinc sulfate 1kg, borax 1kg, sodium selenate 1.2kg, humus 4kg, xylonic acid 1kg, swollen
Moisten soil 4kg, peat 20kg, furfural dregs 18kg, granatum 10kg, the 6kg that falls leaves, walnut shell powder 25kg, pine needle 9kg, rattletop 10kg,
Moutan bark 6kg, Fructus Corni 18kg, seed of garden balsam 25kg.
Described walnut special fertilizer, its preparation method comprises the following steps：
(1) inorganic fertilizer is prepared：By nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, magnesium sulfate, calcium carbonate, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, borax and sodium selenate
Mixing, is incorporated as the water of 0.8 times of amount of mixture, and heating dissolves it, through cooling down, dehydrating, obtains inorganic fertilizer, wherein,
Described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the mass ratio of its N P and K is 2: 0.6: 1.2；
(2) organic fertilizer is prepared：Pine needle, rattletop, moutan bark, Fructus Corni and the seed of garden balsam are weighed into mixing by formula, crushed, plus
Water infusion into water content be 25% medicinal extract, then with humus, xylonic acid, bentonite, peat, furfural dregs, granatum, fallen leaves,
Walnut shell powder is mixed by formula, is mixed thoroughly, delivers to fermenting cellar, regulation temperature is 30 DEG C, and relative humidity is 40%, and pH value is 5.5, hair
4~5d of ferment, pulls drying out, obtains organic fertilizer；
(3) batch mixing：The organic fertilizer of preparation and inorganic fertilizer are mixed, crushed, sieving, particle diameter, which is made, by comminutor is
0.2mm particle.
Described nutrient solution, is made up of following raw material by weight：Salt solution 30kg, urea of the concentration for 0.068%
18kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 12kg, seven water manganese sulfate 0.8kg, glycine 2kg, lysine 2kg, chitosan 8kg, zinc sulfate 1kg,
Sodium selenate 0.8kg, ammonium molybdate 1.2kg, 800 times of liquid 2kg of Mancozeb, 10% cypermethrin, 2500 times of liquid 3kg.
Field experiment is carried out on any block planting soil in Anshun City, Guizhou Province Puding County area just outside a city gate town cake street respectively；
Experiment sets 6 altogether, carries out field management by same person, tests and proceeded by April 8th, 2012, different
Part is that the engrafting method that the embodiment of the present invention 1~5 is respectively adopted in first five set experiment carries out grafting, and the 6th group of experiment is used
Application No. 201610617842.0《The engrafting method of walnut》Disclosed method carries out grafting and as control, respectively in phase
The survival rate and dry walnut per mu yield of grafting are counted in same collecting time, as a result as shown in table 1：
Table 1：
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method for culturing seedlings of walnut, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) stock is handled：Choose sturdy stem, no disease and pests harm, have no mechanical damage, raw wild walnut tree is used as anvil within 6~8 years
In wood, 6 months before grafting, daily management is carried out to the walnut of selection, conventional fertilizers are replaced by walnut special fertilizer, and often
A prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control liquid is sprayed every 10~15d；
(2) grafting：Grafting the last week, thimerosal is sprayed to scionwood bar or bud surrounding, shearing connects on the day of same day grafting
Fringe, it is 10~15cm, shape and scion wound wedging that one of depth will be cut out at the liftoff 30~40cm in stock root position
Otch, by scion be implanted into stock otch in, wound junction black plastic mulching is fixed, and leave 3~5 with band
Individual hole；
(3) daily management：After the completion of grafting, stock is watered and using walnut special fertilizer, to scion spraying nutrient solution, carried out
Daily management；
Described walnut special fertilizer, is made up of following raw material by weight：Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 30~40, magnesium sulfate 1~
2nd, calcium carbonate 1~2, ammonium molybdate 1~2, zinc sulfate 1~2, borax 1~2, sodium selenate 0.8~1.2, humus 2~4, xylonic acid 1
~3, bentonite 4~6, peat 10~20, furfural dregs 12~18, granatum 10~20, fallen leaves 6~12, walnut shell powder 15~25,
Pine needle 6~9, rattletop 10~20, moutan bark 6~9, Fructus Corni 12~18, the seed of garden balsam 15~25.
2. the engrafting method of walnut as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described walnut special fertilizer, its preparation method
Comprise the following steps：
(1) inorganic fertilizer is prepared：Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, magnesium sulfate, calcium carbonate, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, borax and sodium selenate are mixed
Close, be incorporated as the water of 0.8~1.2 times of amount of mixture, heating dissolves it, through cooling down, dehydrating, obtains inorganic fertilizer；
(2) organic fertilizer is prepared：Pine needle, rattletop, moutan bark, Fructus Corni and the seed of garden balsam are weighed into mixing by formula, is crushed, is added water and endure
Be cooked into water content be 18~25% medicinal extract, then with humus, xylonic acid, bentonite, peat, furfural dregs, granatum, fallen leaves,
Walnut shell powder is mixed by formula, is mixed thoroughly, delivers to fermenting cellar, and ferment 4~5d, pulls drying out, obtains organic fertilizer；
(3) batch mixing：The organic fertilizer of preparation and inorganic fertilizer are mixed, crushed, sieving, by comminutor be made particle diameter for 0.2~
0.3mm particle.
3. the engrafting method of walnut as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described fermentation, temperature is 30~35 DEG C, phase
It is 40~50% to humidity, pH value is 4.5~5.5.
4. the engrafting method of walnut as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, its nitrogen phosphorus
The mass ratio of potassium is 2: 0.6~1: 0.8~1.2.
5. the engrafting method of walnut as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control liquid, is by concentration
The hydrogen peroxide that limewash that >=75% ethanol, content are 10~20%, concentration are 8~10% is by 1~2: 0.4~0.6: 0.1
~0.2 mass ratio mixing, is mixed thoroughly.
6. the engrafting method of walnut as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described scion branch, is selection 1~2 year
The walnut of raw fine quality is used as female parent.
7. the engrafting method of walnut as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described thimerosal, be by stone-like omphalia, betel nut,
Smallflower epipactis root is forced 1.2~1.8 times of the water that the mixture quality is added than mixing by 0.3~0.5: 1: 0.8~1.2 quality,
40~50min of infusion, filtering, by filtrate and concentration for 1.2~1.8% potassium permanganate according to 1: 0.12~0.18 mass ratio
Mixing, is mixed thoroughly.
8. the engrafting method of walnut as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described nutrient solution, by it is following by weight
The raw material composition of meter：Concentration is 0.068~0.086% salt solution 30~40, urea 12~18, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 6~12, seven water
Manganese sulfate 0.8~1.2, glycine 2~3, lysine 1~2, chitosan 6~8, zinc sulfate 1~2, sodium selenate 0.8~1.2, molybdenum
Sour ammonium 0.8~1.2,800 times of liquid 1~2 of Mancozeb, 10% cypermethrin, 2500 times of liquid 3~5.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109221134A (en) * | 2018-09-02 | 2019-01-18 | 杭州富阳飞博科技有限公司 | Plant modifying agent and its application for apocarya grafting |
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| CN109221134B (en) * | 2018-09-02 | 2021-03-16 | 杭州富阳飞博科技有限公司 | Plant regulator for grafting apocarya and application thereof |
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