CN107155778A - A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Camellia nitidissima - Google Patents
A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Camellia nitidissima Download PDFInfo
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- CN107155778A CN107155778A CN201710451565.5A CN201710451565A CN107155778A CN 107155778 A CN107155778 A CN 107155778A CN 201710451565 A CN201710451565 A CN 201710451565A CN 107155778 A CN107155778 A CN 107155778A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Camellia nitidissima, comprises the following steps：Elite stand middle and upper part, the then full semi-lignified branch of life, robust growth, leaf bud are picked up from, the cuttings of the leaf of a bud half is cut into；Cuttings is carried out disinfection；Plant growth regulator water solution and talcum powder are mixed and made into pastel, the base portion of the cuttings sterilized is immersed into the pastel until the base portion of cuttings wraps the pastel；Matrix is obtained after yellow soil is mixed with coconut palm chaff, then matrix is laid on slotting machine, and pours permeable, then base portion is wrapped to the cuttings cuttage of pastel to slotting machine, wherein, the bud in cuttings exposes the bed surface of slotting machine；Shed is built on slotting machine, the shed is sealed using film, while covering one layer of sunshade net on the membrane, not rewatered after cuttage, until outplanting.The cuttage survival rate of the present invention is high and effectively increases the utilization rate of maternal branch.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of plant propagation, more particularly to a kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Camellia nitidissima.
Background technology
Camellia nitidissima is evergreen shrubs or dungarunga, is rare plant and rare ornamental plant in the world, is described as " plant
Boundary giant panda ", " tea race queen ".Camellia nitidissima can not only be viewed and admired, and its flower, leaf can tea making, be used as medicine, be medicine-food two-purpose plant
Thing.The high 2-6m of Camellia nitidissima, bark canescence, smoothly, leaf alternate, wide lanceolar to oblong.In order to obtain substantial amounts of golden flower
Tea shoot wood, people have carried out high-volume by various methods, mode and bred.At present, Camellia nitidissima mainly by cuttage, press strip,
The method such as tissue culture and grafting is bred.
Camellia nitidissima belongs to difficult breeding kind, and its reproductive process cycle is long, and the defect in production management (is such as made using red heart soil
For the propagation substrate of cuttings, because red heart soil is hardened, ponding, in production management process, injection flow rate can excessively cause to be inserted in base
Camellia nitidissima cuttings in matter is rotted and dead seedling；Very little, the cuttings of Camellia nitidissima can not then keep its fresh and alive to injection flow rate, as its
Leaf, limb must be dried up and dead seedling) its survival rate is very low (being only 20~30%) when making traditional Camellia nitidissima cutting propagation.
As an improvement, to disclose a kind of cuttage of Camellia nitidissima plant numerous for the Chinese patent of Application No. 201310075010.7
Grow method, although improve the survival rate of cuttage to a certain extent, but be due to that Camellia nitidissima is slow-growing, branch is more precious,
This method needs collection 8-10cm, the cuttings with 2-3 bud, wastes very much maternal branch, and excessive clip branch can also influence mother
Blooming for strain, therefore, in production needs to improve the effective rate of utilization of female parent material；Meanwhile, existing cuttage process, cuttings base portion
Root-growing agent is soaked, and soak time is in 1.5h~24h, is unfavorable for large-scale production.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome drawbacks described above there is provided a kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Camellia nitidissima, this method
Cuttage survival rate is high and improves the utilization rate of maternal branch.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Camellia nitidissima, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Cutting time is 5~July in 1 year, and the half of selection Camellia nitidissima elite stand middle and upper part, then life is wooden
Change branch, semi-lignified branch is then cut into length for 3.3~3.7cm cuttings, each cuttings retains the leaf of a bud half or two buds
Two and half leaves, the top notches of each cuttings are flat mouth, and the distance between top notches and terminal bud are 0.2~0.3cm, each
The base portion of cuttings is horse ear shape inclined-plane, wherein, each cuttings retains the leaf of a bud half or the leaf of two bud two and half refers to every of cuttings
Leaf cuts off half；
Step 2：The base portion for the cuttings that step 1 is obtained is dipped in 2~3min in 500 times of aqueous solution of 50% pure white carbendazim
Carry out disinfection, then dry；
Step 3：Plant growth regulator (GGR) aqueous solution and talcum powder are mixed and made into pastel, step 2 has been sterilized
The base portion of cuttings immerse the pastel until the base portion of cuttings wraps the pastel；
Step 4：Matrix is obtained after yellow soil is mixed with coconut palm chaff, then matrix is laid on slotting machine, and pours permeable, so
Afterwards by the cuttings cuttage after step 3 is handled to slotting machine, wherein, the bud in cuttings exposes the bed surface of slotting machine；
Step 5：Shed is built on the slotting machine, the shed is sealed using film, while hiding on the membrane
One layer of sunshade net of lid, does not rewater after cuttage, until outplanting；If being observed outside canopy, soil moisture is not enough in canopy, takes
Soil moisture in short time water flooding regime supplement canopy in the trench of garden.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：(1) cuttings of the invention be pick up from elite stand middle and upper part, life then, robust growth,
The full semi-lignified branch of leaf bud, be cut into the leaf of a bud half or the leaf of two bud two and half (internode is short) cuttings (length is 3.3~
3.7cm), compared to existing 8~10cm cuttings, the utilization rate of maternal branch is effectively increased；(2) using the GGR aqueous solution with
The pastel that talcum powder is mixed carries out rooting treatment (only needing 5~10min) to the cuttings that sterilized, by the use of talcum powder as
Filler, compared to directly with (1.5~24h) for aqueous solution soaking cuttings of taking root, substantially reduces processing time, is more suitable for big
Large-scale production, meanwhile, root-growing agent is made into pastel also has water retaining function, can extend the action time of root-growing agent, be conducive to
Improve the follow-up rooting rate of cuttage and survival rate；(3) yellow soil and coconut palm chaff are mixed and made into cutting medium (stromal thickness can be more
It is thin) so that cutting medium has good gas permeability and relatively stable pH value, good rhizospheric environment is provided for cuttings, favorably
In the follow-up rooting rate and survival rate that improve cuttage；(4) using the water and fertilizer management pattern of inside and outside canopy sealed type, heat and moisture preserving,
Pour permeable before inserting, do not watered after inserting, during which need not open film and sunshade net, until outplanting, management is convenient, time saving province
Work, cultivates 40,000 plants of cuttage seedings (2 years raw commercial seedlings) by generally every mu and calculates, and every mu can save 20 man-hours, every plant of seedling cost drop
It is low 0.05 yuan.(5) Camellia nitidissima normal cutting propagation nursery stage more than 24 months, height of seedling 20cm；Using above-mentioned nursery and management method,
Nursery stage is can be controlled in 18 months, and height of seedling shortens growing-seedling period 6 months i.e. up to 20cm；Cuttage survival rate is up to more than 90%.
Embodiment
To describe the technology contents of the present invention in detail, feature, the objects and the effects being constructed, below in conjunction with embodiment
It is explained in detail.
The design of most critical of the present invention is：Semi-lignified branch raw then is cut into the cuttings of the leaf of a bud half, and it is right
Cuttings carries out disinfection and rooting treatment, and cuttings cuttage is poured into permeable matrix before the cuttage of yellow soil and coconut palm chaff mixing is used
In, and the management mode of inside and outside canopy sealed type is used until outplanting, is effectively improved while ensuring that cuttage survival rate is high
The utilization rate of maternal branch.
A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Camellia nitidissima, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Cutting time is 5~July in 1 year, and the half of selection Camellia nitidissima elite stand middle and upper part, then life is wooden
Change branch, semi-lignified branch is then cut into length for 3.3~3.7cm cuttings, each cuttings retains the leaf of a bud half or two buds
Two and half leaves, the top notches of each cuttings are flat mouth, and the distance between top notches and terminal bud are 0.2~0.3cm, each
The base portion of cuttings is horse ear shape inclined-plane, wherein, each cuttings retains the leaf of a bud half or the leaf of two bud two and half refers to every of cuttings
Leaf cuts off half；It is preferred that, full, the raw then semi-lignified branch of selection Camellia nitidissima elite stand middle and upper part, robust growth, leaf bud
Bar；
Step 2：The base portion for the cuttings that step 1 is obtained is dipped in 2~3min in 500 times of aqueous solution of 50% pure white carbendazim
Carry out disinfection, then dry；
Step 3：Plant growth regulator (GGR) aqueous solution and talcum powder are mixed and made into pastel, step 2 has been sterilized
The base portion of cuttings immerse the pastel until the base portion of cuttings wraps the pastel；
Step 4：Matrix is obtained after yellow soil is mixed with coconut palm chaff, then matrix is laid on slotting machine, and pours permeable, so
Afterwards by the cuttings cuttage after step 3 is handled to slotting machine, wherein, the bud in cuttings exposes the bed surface of slotting machine；
Step 5：Shed is built on the slotting machine, the shed is sealed using film, while hiding on the membrane
One layer of sunshade net of lid, does not rewater after cuttage, until outplanting；If being observed outside canopy, soil moisture is not enough in canopy, takes
Soil moisture in short time water flooding regime supplement canopy in the trench of garden.
It was found from foregoing description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：(1) cuttings of the invention be pick up from elite stand middle and upper part,
The full semi-lignified branch of life, robust growth, leaf bud then, is cut into the leaf of a bud half or the leaf of two bud two and half (internode is short)
Cuttings (length is 3.3~3.7cm), compared to existing 8~10cm cuttings, effectively increases the utilization rate of maternal branch；(2)
The pastel being mixed using the GGR aqueous solution and talcum powder the cuttings sterilized is carried out rooting treatment (only need 5~
10min), by the use of talcum powder as filler, compared to directly with (1.5~24h) for aqueous solution soaking cuttings of taking root, contract significantly
Short processing time, it is more suitable for large-scale production, meanwhile, root-growing agent is made into pastel also has water retaining function, can extend life
The action time of root agent, be conducive to improving the follow-up rooting rate of cuttage and survival rate；(3) yellow soil and coconut palm chaff are mixed and made into skewer
Insert matrix (stromal thickness can be thinner) so that cutting medium has good gas permeability and relatively stable pH value, is that cuttings is carried
For good rhizospheric environment, be conducive to improving the follow-up rooting rate and survival rate of cuttage；(4) using the water of inside and outside canopy sealed type
Fertile management mode, heat and moisture preserving pours permeable before inserting, and is not watered after inserting, during which need not open film and sunshade net, until nursery stock
Go out garden, management is convenient, time and labour saving, cultivating 40,000 plants of cuttage seedings (2 years raw commercial seedlings) by generally every mu calculates, and every mu can save 20
Individual man-hour, every plant of seedling cost reduces 0.05 yuan.(5) Camellia nitidissima normal cutting propagation nursery stage more than 24 months, height of seedling 20cm；Adopt
With above-mentioned nursery and management method, nursery stage is can be controlled in 18 months, and height of seedling shortens growing-seedling period 6 months i.e. up to 20cm；Skewer
Insert survival rate more than 90%.
Further, the concentration of the GGR aqueous solution described in step 3 is 280~320mg/L；The GGR aqueous solution with it is described
The mass ratio of talcum powder is 1.5~2.0: 1.
Seen from the above description, the concentration of GGR (root-growing agent) aqueous solution and its controlled with the mass ratio of talcum powder above-mentioned
Scope, GGR usage amount is reduced in the case where ensuring that cuttage rooting is good and extends the action time of root-growing agent.
Further, the time that the base portion of cuttings immerses the pastel in step 3 is 5~10min.
Seen from the above description, by the time control of the base portion immersion pastel of cuttings in 5~10min, the time is short
And can guarantee that pastel wraps up the base portion of cuttings.
Further, in step 4 yellow soil and the mass ratio of coconut palm chaff is 2.5~3.5: 1.
Seen from the above description, by yellow soil and the control of the mass ratio of coconut palm chaff in aforementioned proportion so that the thickness of matrix is more
The root system environment needed for cuttage can be met while thin.
Further, the thickness that step 4 is laid in the matrix on slotting machine is 4.5~5.5cm.
Seen from the above description, while the root system environment needed for meeting cuttage, control the thickness of matrix for 4.5~
Relatively existing more than the 10cm of 5.5cm stromal thickness, substantially reduces the usage amount of matrix, reduces production cost.
Further, the height of step 5 middle shed is 70~80cm.
Seen from the above description, the height of shed will be controlled in 70~80cm, it is ensured that temperature of shed too high will not be scalded
Nursery stock, simultaneously, it is to avoid too high waste of materials.
Embodiment 1
Step 1：Cutting time is 5~July in 1 year, and selection Camellia nitidissima elite stand middle and upper part, robust growth, leaf bud are satisfied
Full, raw then semi-lignified branch, is then cut into length for 3.3~3.7cm cuttings, each cuttings is protected by semi-lignified branch
The distance between stay the leaf of a bud half or the leaf of two bud two and half, the top notches of each cuttings are flat mouth, and top notches and terminal bud
For 0.2~0.3cm, the base portion of each cuttings is horse ear shape inclined-plane, wherein, each cuttings retains the leaf of a bud half or two buds two and half
Leaf refers to that every leaf of cuttings cuts off half；
Step 2：The base portion for the cuttings that step 1 is obtained is dipped in 2min in 500 times of aqueous solution of 50% pure white carbendazim and entered
Row sterilization, then dries；
Step 3：Concentration is mixed and made into pastel for the 280mg/L GGR aqueous solution with talcum powder in mass ratio 1.5: 1,
The base portion for the cuttings that step 2 has been sterilized immerses the pastel 5min；
Step 4：Matrix is obtained after yellow soil is mixed with coconut palm chaff in mass ratio 2.5: 1, matrix is then laid in slotting machine
Upper (thickness of matrix is 4.5cm), and pour permeable, then by the cuttings cuttage after step 3 is handled to slotting machine, wherein,
Bud in cuttings exposes the bed surface of slotting machine；
Step 5：High 70cm shed is built on the slotting machine, the shed is sealed using film, while described
One layer of sunshade net is covered on film, is not rewatered after cuttage, until outplanting；If being observed outside canopy, soil moisture is not in canopy
Foot, takes short time water flooding regime in the trench of garden to supplement soil moisture in canopy.
The cuttage survival rate of the present embodiment is 93.5%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment be the same as Example 1, difference is,
The concentration of the GGR aqueous solution in step 3 is 320mg/L；The mass ratio of the GGR aqueous solution and the talcum powder is
2.0∶1；The base portion for the cuttings that step 2 has been sterilized immerses the pastel 10min；
Yellow soil obtains matrix after being mixed with coconut palm chaff in mass ratio 3.5: 1 in step 4, the thickness for the matrix being laid on slotting machine
Spend for 5.5cm；
A height of 80cm of the shed of step 5.
The cuttage survival rate of the present embodiment is 91.2%.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment be the same as Example 1, difference is,
The concentration of the GGR aqueous solution in step 3 is 300mg/L；The mass ratio of the GGR aqueous solution and the talcum powder is
2.0∶1；The base portion for the cuttings that step 2 has been sterilized immerses the pastel 7.5min；
Yellow soil obtains matrix after being mixed with coconut palm chaff in mass ratio 3.0: 1 in step 4, the thickness for the matrix being laid on slotting machine
Spend for 5.0cm；
A height of 75cm of the shed of step 5.
The cuttage survival rate of the present embodiment is 92.8%.
In summary, the cuttage and seedling culture method for the Camellia nitidissima that the present invention is provided, cuttings of the invention is picked up from elite stand
Portion, the then full semi-lignified branch of life, robust growth, leaf bud, being cut into the leaf of a bud half or the leaf of two bud two and half, (internode is short
) cuttings (length be 3.3~3.7cm), compared to existing 8~10cm cuttings, effectively increase the utilization of maternal branch
Rate；The pastel being mixed using the GGR aqueous solution and talcum powder the cuttings sterilized is carried out rooting treatment (only need 5~
10min), by the use of talcum powder as filler, compared to directly with (1.5~24h) for aqueous solution soaking cuttings of taking root, contract significantly
Short processing time, it is more suitable for large-scale production, meanwhile, root-growing agent is made into pastel also has water retaining function, can extend life
The action time of root agent, be conducive to improving the follow-up rooting rate of cuttage and survival rate；Yellow soil and coconut palm chaff are mixed and made into cuttage
Matrix (stromal thickness can be thinner) so that cutting medium has good gas permeability and relatively stable pH value, is provided for cuttings
Good rhizospheric environment, is conducive to improving the follow-up rooting rate and survival rate of cuttage；Using the liquid manure pipe of inside and outside canopy sealed type
Reason pattern, heat and moisture preserving pours permeable before inserting, and is not watered after inserting, during which need not open film and sunshade net, until nursery stock goes out
Garden, management is convenient, time and labour saving, and cultivating 40,000 plants of cuttage seedings (2 years raw commercial seedlings) by generally every mu calculates, and every mu can save 20
Man-hour, every plant of seedling cost reduces 0.05 yuan；Camellia nitidissima normal cutting propagation nursery stage more than 24 months, height of seedling 20cm；Using upper
Nursery and management method are stated, nursery stage is can be controlled in 18 months, height of seedling shortens growing-seedling period 6 months i.e. up to 20cm；Cuttage into
Motility rate is up to more than 90%.
Embodiments of the invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, it is every to utilize this hair
Equivalent structure or equivalent flow conversion that bright description is made, or directly or indirectly it is used in other related technology necks
Domain, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Camellia nitidissima, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Cutting time is 5~July in 1 year, chooses Camellia nitidissima elite stand middle and upper part, semi-lignified raw then
Bar, is then cut into length for 3.3~3.7cm cuttings, each cuttings retains the leaf of a bud half or two buds two by semi-lignified branch
Half leaf, the top notches of each cuttings are flat mouth, and the distance between top notches and terminal bud are 0.2~0.3cm, each cuttings
Base portion be horse ear shape inclined-plane, wherein, each cuttings retains the leaf of a bud half or the leaf of two bud two and half refers to that every leaf of cuttings is cut
Go half；
Step 2：The base portion for the cuttings that step 1 is obtained is dipped in 2~3min in 500 times of aqueous solution of 50% pure white carbendazim and carried out
Sterilization, then dries；
Step 3：Plant growth regulator water solution and talcum powder are mixed and made into pastel, the cuttings that step 2 has been sterilized
Base portion immerses the pastel until the base portion of cuttings wraps the pastel；
Step 4：Matrix is obtained after yellow soil is mixed with coconut palm chaff, then matrix is laid on slotting machine, and pours permeable, then will
Cuttings cuttage after step 3 processing on slotting machine, wherein, the bud in cuttings exposes the bed surface of slotting machine；
Step 5：Shed is built on the slotting machine, the shed is sealed using film, while covering one on the membrane
Layer sunshade net, does not rewater after cuttage, until outplanting.
2. the cuttage and seedling culture method of Camellia nitidissima according to claim 1, it is characterised in that plant growth described in step 3
The concentration of the conditioning agent aqueous solution is 280~320mg/L；The Plant growth regulator water solution and the mass ratio of the talcum powder
For 1.5~2.0: 1.
3. the cuttage and seedling culture method of Camellia nitidissima according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the base portion leaching of cuttings in step 3
The time for entering the pastel is 5~10min.
4. the cuttage and seedling culture method of Camellia nitidissima according to claim 1, it is characterised in that yellow soil and coconut palm in step 4
The mass ratio of chaff is 2.5~3.5: 1.
5. the cuttage and seedling culture method of Camellia nitidissima according to claim 4, it is characterised in that step 4 is laid on slotting machine
The thickness of matrix is 4.5~5.5cm.
6. the cuttage and seedling culture method of Camellia nitidissima according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the height of step 5 middle shed is
70~80cm.
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| CN107771547A (en) * | 2017-11-26 | 2018-03-09 | 广西中港高科国宝金花茶产业有限公司 | A kind of Camellia nitidissima cuttage seeding method for culturing seedlings |
| CN107926312A (en) * | 2017-11-25 | 2018-04-20 | 广西宝树金花茶有限公司 | A kind of Camellia nitidissima cuttage seeding method for culturing seedlings |
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| CN108391531A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-08-14 | 广西正匠农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Camellia nitidissima cuttage and seedling culture method |
| CN108419549A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-08-21 | 贵州省生物研究所 | A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method on the spot of Yellow Camellia From Guizhou Province |
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| CN114916327A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-08-19 | 贵州省林业科学研究院 | Large-scale rapid seedling growing method for pistil-separating golden camellia |
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| CN107980374A (en) * | 2017-11-25 | 2018-05-04 | 广西宝树金花茶有限公司 | Camellia nitidissima fast breeding method |
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| CN108419549A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-08-21 | 贵州省生物研究所 | A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method on the spot of Yellow Camellia From Guizhou Province |
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| CN110012740A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-16 | 广西师范大学 | A kind of biological control method of Camellia nitidissima hardwood cutting |
| CN114916326A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-19 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Cuttage method for golden camellia tender branches dipped with pulp |
| CN114916327A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-08-19 | 贵州省林业科学研究院 | Large-scale rapid seedling growing method for pistil-separating golden camellia |
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Application publication date: 20170915 |