CN107108565A - 作为wnt信号传送途径的抑制剂的n‑吡啶基乙酰胺衍生物 - Google Patents
作为wnt信号传送途径的抑制剂的n‑吡啶基乙酰胺衍生物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107108565A CN107108565A CN201580054724.7A CN201580054724A CN107108565A CN 107108565 A CN107108565 A CN 107108565A CN 201580054724 A CN201580054724 A CN 201580054724A CN 107108565 A CN107108565 A CN 107108565A
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Abstract
本发明涉及化合物。更具体地,本发明涉及用作Wnt信号传送途径的抑制剂的化合物。具体地,本发明预期Porcupine(Porcn)的抑制剂。此外,本发明预期制备该化合物的方法和该化合物的用途。因此,本发明的化合物可以用于治疗由Wnt信号传送途径介导的状况,例如可以治疗癌症、肉瘤、黑色素瘤、皮肤癌、血液肿瘤、淋巴瘤、上皮癌和白血病;或增强抗癌治疗的效力。
Description
本发明涉及化合物。更具体地,本发明涉及用作Wnt信号传送途径的抑制剂的化合物。具体地,本发明预期Porcupine(Porcn)的抑制剂。此外,本发明预期制备该化合物的方法和该化合物的用途。
因此,本发明的化合物可以用于治疗由Wnt信号传送途径介导的状况,例如可以通过抑制porcupine治疗的分泌的Wnt配体介导的疾病;治疗癌症、肉瘤、黑色素瘤、皮肤癌、血液肿瘤、淋巴瘤、上皮癌(carcinoma)和白血病;或增强抗癌治疗的效力。
背景
Wnt基因编码大的并且高度保守的分泌性生长因子家族。在正常发育过程中,Wnt家族基因的转录被在时间上和空间上紧密调节。至今,已经在人类中发现19个Wnt蛋白。所有Wnt蛋白均是38-kDa至43-kDa的富含半胱氨酸的糖蛋白。Wnt在发育过程中具有一系列作用,控制细胞命运、迁移、增殖和死亡。这些包括斑马鱼和爪蟾中体轴(body axis)形成、果蝇中翅膀和眼发育以及小鼠中脑发育(Parr,等(1994)Curr.Opinion Genetics&Devel.4:523-528,McMahon AP,Bradley A(1990)Cell 62:1073-1085)。在成年人中,Wnt的作用被认为与多种癌症中牵涉的异常信号传送维持组织内稳态相关。
Wnt介导的信号传送通过Wnt配体与七次跨膜受体frizzled(Fzd)蛋白的结合而发生。这些受体包含充当Wnt结合结构域的N-末端的富含半胱氨酸的结构域(CRD)。通过低密度脂蛋白受体相关的蛋白5和低密度脂蛋白受体相关的蛋白6(Lrp5和Lrp6)来稳定结合(He,等(2004)Dev Apr;131(8):1663-77)。已知由Wnt连接Fizzled(Fizzled ligation byWnt)活化至少三种不同的信号传送途径,包括“经典(canonical)”β-联蛋白途径、“非经典(non-canonical)”平面细胞极性(PCP)和钙途径。Wnt信号传送被以下进一步调控:可选择的受体,包括Ror2、分泌型拮抗物,诸如WIF-1(Hsieh,等(1999)Nature Apr 1;398(6726):431-6)和可选择的Wnt受体诸如Dickkopf(DKK)(Niehrs C(2006)Oncogene Dec 4;25(57):7469-81)。
当无活性时,β-联蛋白被被称为“破坏复合体(destruction complex)”的若干蛋白的集聚(conglomeration)快速翻转过来。该复合体由轴蛋白(Axin)、腺瘤性结肠息肉(APC)、酪蛋白激酶(CK)-1a和糖原合酶激酶(GSK)-3β组成(Hamada,等(1999)Science 12;283(5408):1739-42)。在这种状态下,β-联蛋白在氨基末端的丝氨酸-苏氨酸上被磷酸化,导致泛素化(Behrens,等(1998)Science 280:596-599)。在Wnt活化的经典途径中,Wnt连接的Fzd结合并活化细胞质的Dishevelled(Dvl)(Chen,等(2003)Science 301:1391-94)。Wnt连接的Lrp5和Lrp6直接结合至细胞质的轴蛋白,抑制其作为破坏复合体稳定剂的功能(Zeng,等(2008)Dev.135,367-375)。这些关联导致破坏复合体的去稳定化以及β-联蛋白的胞质溶胶积累。β-联蛋白的稳定化和积累导致细胞核易位,在细胞核中其与T细胞因子/淋巴样增强因子(TCF/LEF)高移动性组转录因子形成复合体,并且促进靶基因诸如细胞周期蛋白D1、p21和cMyc的转录。
β-联蛋白基因CTNNb1中的致癌突变专有地影响对于由APC的靶向降解至关重要的特定的丝氨酸和苏氨酸和周围残基(Hart,等(1999)Curr.Biol.9:207-210)。该相互作用在结肠直肠癌中特别明显,其中肿瘤中的大多数呈现具有APC突变,并且增加比例的剩余肿瘤表达CTNNb1突变(Iwao,等(1998)Cancer Res March 1,1998 58;1021)。
很多最近的研究已经研究了靶向β-联蛋白或其他下游Wnt途径蛋白的化合物。最近的研究表明,调节细胞表面处的Wnt-Wnt受体相互作用在降低细胞致癌性方面有效。这已经在具有由Wnt配体过表达驱动的致瘤性的系统中示出(Liu,等(2013)PNAS 10;110(50):20224-9),并且在Wnt表达由下游途径活化来驱动的系统中示出(Vincan等,Differentiation 2005;73:142-153)。Vincan等将非功能性Frd7受体转染到具有驱动Wnt途径活化的纯合的APC突变的SK-CO-1细胞系中。这些细胞展示在异种移植模型中与亲本细胞相比被调节的形态以及降低的肿瘤形成效率。该数据表明,调节Wnt配体介导的信号传送可以甚至在具有下游Wnt途径突变的恶性肿瘤中具有有益作用。
所描述的发明被提出以抑制Wnt介导的信号传送。这包括肿瘤周围的组织中的旁分泌信号传送以及癌细胞中的自分泌和旁分泌信号传送。
Wnt蛋白经历翻译后修饰,在若干突变实验中显示这对于有效的蛋白运输和分泌至关重要(Tang,等(2012)Dev.Biol 364,32-41,Takada,R.等(2006)Dev.Cell 11,791-801)。Wnt蛋白的棕榈酰化发生在若干保守的氨基酸(C77、S209)处,并且由O-乙酰转移酶porcupine在内质网中执行。porcupine中的突变已经表明是通过损伤的Wnt途径信号传送的发育紊乱的原因,所述发育紊乱包括灶性皮肤发育不全(Grzeschik,等(2007)Nat.Genet,39pp.833-835)。Wnt配体信号传送对porcupine的依赖性以及将Wnt途径信号传送与癌症联系起来的证据主体(the body of evidence)已经导致porcupine被鉴定为潜在的抗癌靶标。
US 2014/0038922公开了抑制Wnt信号传送途径的化合物以及这些化合物在治疗Wnt信号传送相关的疾病中的用途。类似地,WO 2012/003189和WO 2010/101849公开了用于调节Wnt信号传送途径的化合物和方法。
本发明的目的是提供可选择的或改进的Wnt信号传送调节物。例如,本发明的目的是提供可选择的或改进的Wnt信号传送抑制剂,任选地porcupine的抑制剂。
此外,本发明的某些实施方案的目的是提供用于以下的新的化合物:Wnt介导的疾病,诸如可以通过抑制porcupine来治疗的分泌型Wnt配体介导的疾病;治疗癌症、肉瘤、黑色素瘤、皮肤癌、血液肿瘤、淋巴瘤、上皮癌和白血病;或增强抗癌治疗的效力。
本发明的某些实施方案的目的是提供新的癌症疗法。特别地,本发明的某些实施方案的目的是提供具有与现有疗法可比较的活性、理想地其应该具有更好的活性的化合物。本发明的某些实施方案还旨在提供与现有技术化合物和现有疗法相比改进的溶解度。对于本发明的某些化合物特别有吸引力的是提供超过已知化合物的更好的活性和更好的溶解度。
本发明的某些实施方案的目的是提供相对于现有技术化合物和现有疗法呈现降低的细胞毒性的化合物。
本发明的某些实施方案的另一目的是提供在给药之后具有适当的药代动力学概况和合适的作用持续时间的化合物。本发明的某些实施方案的另外的目的是提供其中在吸收之后的药物的一个代谢片段或多个代谢片段是GRAS(通常被认为是安全的)的化合物。
本发明的某些实施方案满足以上目的中的某些或全部。
公开内容的简述
根据本发明,提供了式(I)的化合物:
其中
het1代表包含选自N、O或S的1个、2个或3个杂原子并且未被取代或者被取代的5元杂环体系,并且当被取代时,所述环体系被在每次出现时独立地选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA2、-NRA2RB2、-CN、-SO2RA2和C3-6环烷基;
het1具有与het2的键和与-(CR1R2)mC(O)NR3-的键,其中het2和-(CR1R2)mC(O)NR3-键合至het1的不相邻的原子;
het2是可以是未被取代的或被取代的5元或6元杂环,并且当被取代时,所述环被在每次出现时独立地选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA1、-NRA1RB1、-CN、-NO2、-NRA1C(O)RB1、-C(O)NRA1RB1、-NRA1SO2RB1、-SO2NRA1RB1、-SO2RA1、-C(O)RA1、-C(O)ORA1和C3-6环烷基;
het3是可以是未被取代的或被取代的5元或6元杂环或苯环,并且当被取代时,所述环被在每次出现时独立地选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA1、-NRA1RB1、-CN、-NO2、-NRA1C(O)RB1、-C(O)NRA1RB1、-NRA1SO2RB1、-SO2NRA1RB1、-SO2RA1、-C(O)RA1、-C(O)ORA1和C3-6环烷基;
R1和R2在每次出现时独立地选自:H、卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA3、-NRA3RB3和C3-6环烷基;
R3选自:H、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基和C3-6环烷基;
R4在每次出现时独立地选自:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-CN、-ORA4、-NRA4RB4、-SO2RA4、C3-6环烷基和C3-6卤代环烷基;
m选自1、2或3;
n选自0、1或2;并且
RA1、RB1、RA2、RB2、RA3、RB3、RA4和RB4在每次出现时独立地选自:H、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基。
在实施方案中,根据式(I)的化合物是根据式(IIa)或(IIb)的化合物:
het2可以代表可以是未被取代的或被取代的5元或6元杂环烷基、杂环烯基或杂芳基环。优选地,het2可以代表可以是未被取代的或被取代的5元或6元杂环烯基或杂芳基环。最优选地,het2可以代表可以是未被取代的或被取代的5元或6元杂芳基环。
het2可以由未被取代或被取代的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的5元或6元杂环代表。het2可以由未被取代或被取代的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的5元或6元杂环代表,其中杂环包含1个、2个或3个N杂原子,任选地不具有(除了N之外的)另外的杂原子。
het2可以由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、吡嗪、嘧啶、哒嗪、噻唑、异噻唑、三唑、噁唑、异噁唑、二氢吡啶、四氢吡啶、吡喃、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪、吗啉、硫代吗啉、噁嗪、二噁英(dioxine)、二噁烷、噻嗪、氧硫杂环己烷(oxathiane)和二噻烷。
het2可以由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、吡嗪、嘧啶、哒嗪、吡喃、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪、吗啉、硫代吗啉、噁嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、噻嗪、氧硫杂环己烷和二噻烷。
优选地,het2可以由未被取代的或被取代的以下环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、哒嗪、嘧啶、噻唑、异噻唑、三唑、异噁唑、四氢吡啶、四氢吡喃和二氢吡喃。
特别优选地,het2可以由未被取代的或被取代的以下环代表:吡啶、吡唑、四氢吡喃和二氢吡喃。
优选地,het2可以由未被取代的或被取代的以下环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪和吗啉。
het2可以由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡嗪、嘧啶、哒嗪、吡喃、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪、吗啉、硫代吗啉、噁嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、噻嗪、氧硫杂环己烷和二噻烷。
het2可以由未被取代的或被取代的以下环代表:吡唑、咪唑、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪和吗啉。
het2可以由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡喃、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌嗪、吗啉、硫代吗啉、噁嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、噻嗪、氧硫杂环己烷和二噻烷。
het2可以由未被取代的或被取代的以下环代表:吡唑、咪唑、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌嗪和吗啉。
任选地,het2由未被取代的或被取代的吡啶代表。
het2可以是未被取代的或被选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA1、-NO2、-NRA1C(O)RB1、-NRA1SO2RB1、-SO2NRA1RB1、-SO2RA1、-C(O)RA1、-C(O)ORA1和C3-6环烷基。
het2可以是未被取代的或被选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA1、-NRA1RB1、-CN、-C(O)ORA1和C3-6环烷基。优选地,het2可以是未被取代的或被选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、-ORA1和C1-4卤代烷基,其中RA1是H、甲基或三氟甲基。
het2可以是未被取代的或被选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA1、-NRA1RB1、-CN和C3-6环烷基。优选地,het2可以是未被取代的或被选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、-ORA1和C1-4卤代烷基,其中RA1是H、甲基或三氟甲基。
在优选的实施方案中,het2是未被取代的或被选自以下的1个或2个基团取代:氟、氯、甲基、乙基、异丙基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、三氟乙基、环戊基、环丙基、-NH2、-NMe2、-CN、-C(O)OtBu、-OMe和-OCF3。
在特别优选的实施方案中,het2是未被取代的或被选自以下的1个或2个基团取代:氟、甲基、三氟甲基和-CN。
在特别优选的实施方案中,het2是未被取代的或者被选自以下的1个或2个基团取代:氟、氯、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、三氟乙基和-OCF3。
优选地,het2是未被取代的或被1个或2个基团取代。更优选地,het2是未被取代的或被1个基团取代。
het2可以是未被取代的吡啶、未被取代的噻唑、未被取代的三唑、未被取代的吡唑、未被取代的异噻唑、未被取代的嘧啶、未被取代的异噁唑、未被取代的哒嗪、未被取代的四氢吡啶、未被取代的四氢吡喃、未被取代的二氢吡喃、甲基吡啶、二甲基吡啶、乙基吡啶、异丙基吡啶、叔丁基吡啶、二氟甲基吡啶、三氟甲基吡啶、氟吡啶、氯吡啶、甲氧基吡啶、乙氧基吡啶、氨基吡啶、N-甲基-氨基吡啶、N,N-二甲基-氨基吡啶、硝基吡啶、氰基吡啶、环丙基吡啶、环戊基吡啶、甲基噻唑、二甲基噻唑、乙基噻唑、异丙基噻唑、叔丁基噻唑、二氟甲基噻唑、三氟甲基噻唑、氟噻唑、氯噻唑、甲氧基噻唑、乙氧基噻唑、氨基噻唑、N-甲基-氨基噻唑、N,N-二甲基-氨基噻唑、硝基噻唑、氰基噻唑、环丙基噻唑、环戊基噻唑、甲基三唑、二甲基三唑、乙基三唑、异丙基三唑、叔丁基三唑、二氟甲基三唑、三氟甲基三唑、氟三唑、氯三唑、甲氧基三唑、乙氧基三唑、氨基三唑、N-甲基-氨基三唑、N,N-二甲基-氨基三唑、硝基三唑、氰基三唑、环丙基三唑、环戊基三唑、甲基吡唑、二甲基吡唑、乙基吡唑、异丙基吡唑、叔丁基吡唑、二氟甲基吡唑、甲基(三氟甲基)吡唑、三氟甲基吡唑、氟吡唑、氯吡唑、甲氧基吡唑、乙氧基吡唑、氨基吡唑、N-甲基-氨基吡唑、N,N-二甲基-氨基吡唑、硝基吡唑、氰基吡唑、环丙基吡唑、环戊基吡唑、甲基异噻唑、二甲基异噻唑、乙基异噻唑、异丙基异噻唑、叔丁基异噻唑、二氟甲基异噻唑、三氟甲基异噻唑、氟异噻唑、氯异噻唑、甲氧基异噻唑、乙氧基异噻唑、氨基异噻唑、N-甲基-氨基异噻唑、N,N-二甲基-氨基异噻唑、硝基异噻唑、氰基异噻唑、环丙基异噻唑、环戊基异噻唑、甲基嘧啶、二甲基嘧啶、乙基嘧啶、异丙基嘧啶、叔丁基嘧啶、二氟甲基嘧啶、三氟甲基嘧啶、氟嘧啶、氯嘧啶、甲氧基嘧啶、乙氧基嘧啶、氨基嘧啶、N-甲基-氨基嘧啶、N,N-二甲基-氨基嘧啶、N,N-二甲基-氨基(三氟甲基)嘧啶、硝基嘧啶、氰基嘧啶、环丙基嘧啶、环戊基嘧啶、甲基异噁唑、二甲基异噁唑、乙基异噁唑、异丙基异噁唑、叔丁基异噁唑、二氟甲基异噁唑、三氟甲基异噁唑、氟异噁唑、氯异噁唑、甲氧基异噁唑、乙氧基异噁唑、氨基异噁唑、N-甲基-氨基异噁唑、N,N-二甲基-氨基异噁唑、硝基异噁唑、氰基异噁唑、环丙基异噁唑、环戊基异噁唑、甲基哒嗪、二甲基哒嗪、乙基哒嗪、异丙基哒嗪、叔丁基哒嗪、二氟甲基哒嗪、三氟甲基哒嗪、氟哒嗪、氯哒嗪、甲氧基哒嗪、乙氧基哒嗪、氨基哒嗪、N-甲基-氨基哒嗪、N,N-二甲基-氨基哒嗪、硝基哒嗪、氰基哒嗪、环丙基哒嗪、环戊基哒嗪、甲基四氢吡啶、二甲基四氢吡啶、乙基四氢吡啶、异丙基四氢吡啶、叔丁基四氢吡啶、二氟甲基四氢吡啶、三氟甲基四氢吡啶、氟四氢吡啶、氯四氢吡啶、甲氧基四氢吡啶、乙氧基四氢吡啶、氨基四氢吡啶、N-甲基-氨基四氢吡啶、N,N-二甲基-氨基四氢吡啶、硝基四氢吡啶、氰基四氢吡啶、环丙基四氢吡啶、环戊基四氢吡啶、甲基四氢吡喃、二甲基四氢吡喃、乙基四氢吡喃、异丙基四氢吡喃、叔丁基四氢吡喃、二氟甲基四氢吡喃、三氟甲基四氢吡喃、氟四氢吡喃、氯四氢吡喃、甲氧基四氢吡喃、乙氧基四氢吡喃、氨基四氢吡喃、N-甲基-氨基四氢吡喃、N,N-二甲基-氨基四氢吡喃、硝基四氢吡喃、氰基四氢吡喃、环丙基四氢吡喃、环戊基四氢吡喃、甲基二氢吡喃、二甲基二氢吡喃、乙基二氢吡喃、异丙基二氢吡喃、叔丁基二氢吡喃、二氟甲基二氢吡喃、三氟甲基二氢吡喃、氟二氢吡喃、氯二氢吡喃、甲氧基二氢吡喃、乙氧基二氢吡喃、氨基二氢吡喃、N-甲基-氨基二氢吡喃、N,N-二甲基-氨基二氢吡喃、硝基二氢吡喃、氰基二氢吡喃、环丙基二氢吡喃和环戊基二氢吡喃。
het2可以是未被取代的吡啶、未被取代的四氢吡喃、未被取代的二氢吡喃、未被取代的哌啶、未被取代的哌嗪和未被取代的吗啉、甲基吡啶、乙基吡啶、异丙基吡啶、叔丁基吡啶、三氟甲基吡啶、甲氧基吡啶、乙氧基吡啶、氨基吡啶、N-甲基-氨基吡啶、N,N-二甲基-氨基吡啶、硝基吡啶、氰基吡啶、甲基四氢吡喃、乙基四氢吡喃、异丙基四氢吡喃、叔丁基四氢吡喃、三氟甲基四氢吡喃、甲氧基四氢吡喃、乙氧基四氢吡喃、氨基四氢吡喃、N-甲基-氨基四氢吡喃、N,N-二甲基-氨基四氢吡喃、硝基四氢吡喃、氰基四氢吡喃、甲基二氢吡喃、乙基二氢吡喃、异丙基二氢吡喃、叔丁基二氢吡喃、三氟甲基二氢吡喃、甲氧基二氢吡喃、乙氧基二氢吡喃、氨基二氢吡喃、N-甲基-氨基二氢吡喃、N,N-二甲基-氨基二氢吡喃、硝基二氢吡喃、氰基二氢吡喃、甲基哌啶、乙基哌啶、异丙基哌啶、叔丁基哌啶、三氟甲基哌啶、甲氧基哌啶、乙氧基哌啶、氨基哌啶、N-甲基-氨基哌啶、N,N-二甲基-氨基哌啶、硝基哌啶、氰基哌啶、甲基哌嗪、乙基哌嗪、异丙基哌嗪、叔丁基哌嗪、三氟甲基哌嗪、甲氧基哌嗪、乙氧基哌嗪、氨基哌嗪、N-甲基-氨基哌嗪、N,N-二甲基-氨基哌嗪、硝基哌嗪、氰基哌嗪、甲基吗啉、乙基吗啉、异丙基吗啉、叔丁基吗啉、三氟甲基吗啉、甲氧基吗啉、乙氧基吗啉、氨基吗啉、N-甲基-氨基吗啉、N,N-二甲基-氨基吗啉、硝基吗啉或氰基吗啉。
het2可以是未被取代的吡啶、未被取代的噻唑、未被取代的三唑、未被取代的吡唑、未被取代的异噻唑、未被取代的嘧啶、未被取代的异噁唑、未被取代的哒嗪、未被取代的四氢吡啶、未被取代的四氢吡喃、未被取代的二氢吡喃、甲基吡啶、二氟甲基吡啶、三氟甲基吡啶、氟吡啶、氯吡啶、甲氧基吡啶、氨基吡啶、N,N-二甲基-氨基吡啶、氰基吡啶、甲基噻唑、甲基三唑、甲基吡唑、异丙基吡唑、环丙基吡唑、环戊基吡唑、甲基(三氟甲基)吡唑、甲基异噻唑、甲基嘧啶、三氟甲基嘧啶、氯嘧啶、N,N-二甲基-氨基(三氟甲基)嘧啶、二甲基异噁唑、甲基哒嗪、氯哒嗪、叔丁基氧基羰基-四氢吡啶、二甲基四氢吡喃或二甲基二氢吡喃。优选地,het2是三氟吡啶。
het2可以是吡啶基。het2可以是被取代的或未被取代的吡啶基。优选地,het2是被取代的或未被取代的4-吡啶基。4-吡啶基指的是在吡啶的第四位附接至het1的吡啶基。如本领域技术人员容易理解的,吡啶的第1位是氮原子。例如,可以被取代的4-吡啶基是:
任选地,het2是被选自以下的1个基团取代的吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基或哌啶基:-NRA1RB1、-CN和-C(O)NRA1RB1。任选地,het2在het1的间位或对位被取代。
任选地,het2不是吡啶基。
在实施方案中,化合物是本发明的化合物,条件是het2不是吡啶基。
在实施方案中,化合物是本发明的化合物,条件是het2不是在het1被选自以下的1个基团取代的吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基或哌啶基:-NRA1RB1、-CN、-C(O)NRA1RB1。任选地,het2不是在het1的间位或对位被选自以下的1个基团取代的吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基或哌啶基:-NRA1RB1、-CN、-C(O)NRA1RB1。
在实施方案中,het2是可以是未被取代的或被取代的5元或6元杂环,并且当被取代时,所述环被选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA1、-NO2、-NRA1C(O)RB1、-NRA1SO2RB1、-SO2NRA1RB1、-SO2RA1、-C(O)RA1、-C(O)ORA1和C3-6环烷基;
条件是het2不是吡啶基。
het3可以是未被取代或被取代的6元杂环,并且当被取代时,所述环被在每次出现时独立地选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA1、-NRA1RB1、-CN、-NO2、-NRA1C(O)RB1、-C(O)NRA1RB1、-NRA1SO2RB1、-SO2NRA1RB1、-SO2RA1、-C(O)RA1、-C(O)ORA1和C3-6环烷基;
het3可以是未被取代或被取代的5元或6元杂环或苯环,并且当被取代时,所述环被在每次出现时独立地选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA1、-NRA1RB1、-CN、-NO2、-NRA1C(O)RB1、-C(O)NRA1RB1、-NRA1SO2RB1、-SO2NRA1RB1、-SO2RA1、-C(O)RA1、-C(O)ORA1和C3-6环烷基;
het3可以由是未被取代的或被取代的并且包含至少一个氮原子的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的6元杂环代表,优选地所述环是芳香族的或饱和的。
het3可以由是未被取代的或被取代的并且包含至少一个氮原子的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的5元或6元杂环或苯环代表。杂环可以任选地是芳香族环或饱和的环。杂环可以任选地是芳香族环或不饱和的环。优选地,杂环是芳香族环。
het3可以由是未被取代的或被取代的并且包含2个杂原子的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的6元杂环代表,优选地所述环是芳香族的或饱和的。在优选的实施方案中,het3由是未被取代的或被取代的并且包含2个氮原子的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的6元杂环代表,优选地所述环是芳香族的或饱和的。
het3可以由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:包含1个或2个杂原子(任选地N原子)的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的6元杂环,优选地所述环是芳香族的或饱和的;5元杂芳基环;和苯环。优选地,het3是未被取代的或被取代的芳香族6元杂环。
het3可以由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:嘧啶、吡嗪、哒嗪、哌嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、吗啉和硫代吗啉。可选择地,het3可以由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:苯基、吡唑、吡啶、嘧啶、吡嗪、二氢吡喃和哌嗪。任选地,het3可以由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡啶、嘧啶、吡嗪、二氢吡喃和哌嗪。
优选地,het3可以由选自嘧啶、吡嗪、哒嗪或哌嗪的环代表。优选地,het3可以由选自苯基、吡唑、吡啶、嘧啶、吡嗪、哒嗪或哌嗪的环代表。
优选地,het3可以由选自嘧啶、吡嗪或哒嗪的环代表。
任选地,het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:嘧啶和吡嗪。特别优选的是het3为吡嗪。
任选地,het3是如本文别处所公开的,条件是het3不是选自以下的环:烷基取代的吡啶、未被取代的咪唑、烷基取代的咪唑、未被取代的噁二唑、烷基取代的噁唑、未被取代的噁唑。任选地,het3是如本文别处所公开的,条件是het3不是选自以下的环:未被取代的噁唑、未被取代的吗啉或甲基哌嗪。任选地,het3是如本文别处所公开的,条件是het3不是选自以下的环:烷基取代的吡啶、未被取代的咪唑、烷基取代的咪唑、未被取代的噁二唑、烷基取代的噁唑、未被取代的噁唑、未被取代的吗啉或甲基哌嗪。
het3可以是未被取代的或被选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA1、-NRA1RB1、-CN、-C(O)RA1、-C(O)ORA1、-NRA1C(O)RB1和C3-6环烷基。Het3可以是未被取代的或被选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA1、-C(O)RA1和-C(O)ORA1,其中RA1是H、甲基、叔丁基或三氟甲基。优选地,het3可以是未被取代的或被选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:C1-4烷基、-ORA1、-NRA1RB1、-CN或-NRA1C(O)RB1,其中RA1是H、甲基、叔丁基或三氟甲基(优选甲基)并且RB1是H、甲基、叔丁基或三氟甲基(优选H或甲基)。
在特别优选的实施方案中,het3是未被取代的或者被选自以下的1个或2个基团取代:氟、氯、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、三氟乙基、-OCF3、-C(O)Me、-C(O)OMe、-C(O)Et和-C(O)OtBu。
在特别优选的实施方案中,het3是未被取代的或被选自以下的1个或2个基团取代:甲基、-OMe、-CN、-NMe2或-NHC(O)Me。
优选地,het3是未被取代的或被1个或2个基团取代。更优选地,het3是未被取代的或被1个基团取代。
在实施方案中,het2由未被取代的或被取代的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的6元杂环代表,(任选地其中het2不由吡啶代表),并且het3由是未被取代的或被取代的并且包含2个杂原子的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的6元杂环代表。
在实施方案中,het2由未被取代的或被取代的5元或6元杂环烯基环或杂芳基环代表,(任选地其中het2不由吡啶代表),并且het3由未被取代的或被取代的包含1个或2个杂原子的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的5元或6元杂环或苯环代表。
在实施方案中,het2由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡啶、吡唑、咪唑、吡嗪、嘧啶、哒嗪、吡喃、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪、吗啉、硫代吗啉、噁嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、噻嗪、氧硫杂环己烷和二噻烷(任选地吡唑、咪唑、吡嗪、嘧啶、哒嗪、吡喃、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪、吗啉、硫代吗啉、噁嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、噻嗪、氧硫杂环己烷和二噻烷);并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡啶、吡嗪、哒嗪、哌嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、吗啉和硫代吗啉。
在实施方案中,het2由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡啶、吡唑、咪唑、吡嗪、嘧啶、哒嗪、噻唑、异噻唑、三唑、噁唑、异噁唑、二氢吡啶、四氢吡啶、吡喃、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪、吗啉、硫代吗啉、噁嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、噻嗪、氧硫杂环己烷和二噻烷(任选地吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、哒嗪、嘧啶、噻唑、异噻唑、三唑、异噁唑、四氢吡啶、四氢吡喃和二氢吡喃);并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:苯基、吡唑、吡啶、嘧啶、吡嗪、二氢吡喃和哌嗪。
优选地,het2由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡啶、吡唑、咪唑、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪和吗啉(任选地吡唑、咪唑、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪和吗啉);并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:嘧啶、吡嗪、哒嗪和哌嗪。
优选地,het2由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、哒嗪、嘧啶、噻唑、异噻唑、三唑、异噁唑、四氢吡啶、四氢吡喃和二氢吡喃(任选地吡啶、吡唑、四氢吡喃和二氢吡喃);并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:苯基、吡唑、吡啶、嘧啶、吡嗪、二氢吡喃和哌嗪。
het1可以代表包含1个、2个或3个(任选地1个或2个)N或S原子并且未被取代的或者被取代的5元杂环体系,并且当被取代时,所述环体系被在每次出现时独立地选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA2、-NRA2RB2、-CN、-SO2RA2和C3-6环烷基。
het1可以代表包含1个、2个或3个(任选地1个或2个)N原子并且未被取代的或者被取代的5元杂环体系,并且当被取代时,所述环体系被在每次出现时独立地选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA2、-NRA2RB2、-CN、-SO2RA2和C3-6环烷基。
het1可以代表包含选自N、O或S的1个、2个或3个(任选的1个或2个)杂原子并且未被取代的或者被取代的5元杂环体系,并且当被取代时,所述环体系被在每次出现时独立地选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA2、-NRA2RB2、-CN、-SO2RA2和C3-6环烷基;
条件是het1的5元杂环体系不代表吡咯、吡唑、咪唑和三唑。
het1可以代表包含选自N、O或S的1个、2个或3个杂原子(任选地1个或2个)的5元杂环体系,其中当5元杂环包含1个或2个N原子时,其还包含选自O或S的至少一个原子。
在实施方案中,化合物是本发明的化合物,条件是het2不是吡啶基;并且
het1由包含1个、2个或3个(任选地1个或2个)N原子并且未被取代的或者被取代的5元杂环体系代表,并且当被取代时,所述环体系被在每次出现时独立地选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA2、-NRA2RB2、-CN、-SO2RA2和C3-6环烷基。
在实施方案中,化合物是本发明的化合物,条件是het2不是吡啶基;并且
het1可以代表包含选自N、O或S的1个、2个或3个(任选的1个或2个)杂原子并且未被取代的或者被取代的5元杂环体系,并且当被取代时,所述环体系被在每次出现时独立地选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA2、-NRA2RB2、-CN、-SO2RA2和C3-6环烷基;
条件是het1的5元杂环体系不代表吡咯、吡唑、咪唑和三唑。
在实施方案中,het1代表包含1个、2个或3个(任选地1个或2个)N原子并且未被取代的或者被取代的5元杂环体系,并且当被取代时,所述环体系被在每次出现时独立地选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA2、-NRA2RB2、-CN、-SO2RA2和C3-6环烷基;并且
het2是可以是未被取代的或被取代的5元或6元杂环,并且当被取代时,所述环被选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA1、-NO2、-NRA1C(O)RB1、-NRA1SO2RB1、-SO2NRA1RB1、-SO2RA1、-C(O)RA1、-C(O)ORA1和C3-6环烷基;
条件是het2不是吡啶基。
在实施方案中,het1代表包含选自N、O或S的1个、2个或3个(任选的1个或2个)杂原子并且未被取代的或者被取代的5元杂环体系,并且当被取代时,所述环体系被在每次出现时独立地选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA2、-NRA2RB2、-CN、-SO2RA2和C3-6环烷基;
条件是het1的5元杂环体系不代表吡咯、吡唑、咪唑和三唑;并且
het2是可以是未被取代的或被取代的5元或6元杂环,并且当被取代时,所述环被选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA1、-NO2、-NRA1C(O)RB1、-NRA1SO2RB1、-SO2NRA1RB1、-SO2RA1、-C(O)RA1、-C(O)ORA1和C3-6环烷基;
条件是het2不是吡啶基。
het1可以代表被取代的或未被取代的:包含选自N、O或S的1个、2个或3个(任选地1个或2个)杂原子的5元杂芳基基团。
het1可以代表选自未被取代的或被取代的以下基团的基团:吡唑、咪唑、噁唑、噻唑、异噁唑、异噻唑、噻吩、呋喃、三唑、噁二唑和噻二唑。
het1可以代表选自未被取代的或被取代的以下基团的基团:吡唑、咪唑和三唑。
het1可以代表选自未被取代的或被取代的以下基团的基团:噁唑、噻唑、异噁唑、异噻唑、噻吩、呋喃、噁二唑和噻二唑。
任选地,het1代表未被取代的或被取代的咪唑、吡唑或噻吩。
het1具有与het2的键和与-(CR1R2)mC(O)NR3-的键,并且het2和-(CR1R2)mC(O)NR3-键合至het1的不相邻的原子。在实施方案中,het2和-(CR1R2)mC(O)NR3-键合至het1的原子,并且这些原子在其间具有至少一个原子。例如,在实施方案中,het2和-(CR1R2)mC(O)NR3-具有在het1上的1,3关系。het2和-(CR1R2)mC(O)NR3-可以不具有在het1上的1,2关系。
在实施方案中,het2和-(CR1R2)mC(O)NR3-可以在het1上在选自以下的环位置处被取代:1,3;2,4;3,5;1,4和2,5。
在实施方案中,根据式(I)的化合物是根据式(III)的化合物:
其中
X1和X2选自CR6和N;并且
R5和R6在每次出现时独立地选自:H、卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA2、-NRA2RB2、-CN、-SO2RA2和C3-6环烷基。
优选地,X1和X2中的一个是CR6并且另一个是N。在实施方案中,X1是CR6并且X2是N。优选地,X1是N并且X2是CR6。
在实施方案中,R5和R6在每次出现时独立地选自:H或C1-4烷基(优选甲基)。因此,X1可以是CH或CMe并且X2是N,或X1是N并且X2是CH或CMe。在实施方案中,X1是CH,X2是N,并且R5是H;或X1是CMe,X2是N,并且R5是H;X1是CH,X2是N,并且R5是Me;或X1是CMe,X2是N,并且R5是Me;或X1是N并且X2是CH,并且R5是H;或X1是N并且X2是CMe,并且R5是H;或X1是N并且X2是CH,并且R5是Me;或X1是N并且X2是CMe,并且R5是Me。
优选地,X1是N并且X2是CH,并且R5是Me。
het1可以是未被取代的或被选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA2、-NRA2RB2和-CN。het1可以是未被取代的或被选自以下的1个或2个基团取代:氯、氟、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、三氟乙基、-OCF3、-OH、-OMe、-OEt、-NH2、-NHMe、-NMe2和-CN。优选地,het1可以是未被取代的或被1个或2个甲基基团取代。
在实施方案中,根据式(I)的化合物是根据式(IIIa)的化合物:
其中
R7在每次出现时独立地选自:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA1、-NRA1RB1、-CN、-NO2、-NRA1C(O)RB1、-C(O)NRA1RB1、-NRA1SO2RB1、-SO2NRA1RB1、-SO2RA1、-C(O)RA1、-C(O)ORA1和C3-6环烷基,并且
o是0、1、2或3(任选地0、1或2,优选地0或1)。
在实施方案中,根据式(I)的化合物是根据式(IIIb)的化合物:
R7可以独立地选自:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA1、-NO2、-NRA1C(O)RB1、-NRA1SO2RB1、-SO2NRA1RB1、-SO2RA1、-C(O)RA1、-C(O)ORA1和C3-6环烷基。
R7可以独立地选自:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA1、-NRA1RB1、-CN、-C(O)ORA1和C3-6环烷基。优选地,R7可以独立地选自:卤素、C1-4烷基、-ORA1和C1-4卤代烷基,其中RA1是H、甲基或三氟甲基。
R7可以独立地选自:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA1、-NRA1RB1、-CN和C3-6环烷基。优选地,R7可以独立地选自:卤素、C1-4烷基、-ORA1和C1-4卤代烷基,其中RA1是H、甲基或三氟甲基。
在优选的实施方案中,R7可以独立地选自:氟、氯、甲基、乙基、异丙基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、三氟乙基、环戊基、环丙基、-NH2、-NMe2、-CN、-C(O)OtBu、-OMe和-OCF3。
在特别优选的实施方案中,R7可以独立地选自:氟、甲基、三氟甲基和-CN。
在特别优选的实施方案中,R7可以独立地选自:氟、氯、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、三氟乙基和-OCF3。
在实施方案中,het1代表选自未被取代的或被取代的以下基团的基团:吡唑、咪唑、噁唑、噻唑、异噁唑、异噻唑、三唑、噁二唑和噻二唑;het2由未被取代的或被取代的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的6元杂环代表;并且het3由是未被取代的或被取代的并且包含2个杂原子的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的6元杂环代表。
在实施方案中,het1代表选自未被取代的或被取代的以下基团的基团:吡唑、咪唑、噁唑、噻唑、异噁唑、异噻唑、三唑、噁二唑和噻二唑;het2由未被取代的或被取代的5元或6元杂环烯基环或杂芳基环代表,(任选地其中het2不由吡啶代表)并且het3由未被取代的或被取代的包含1个或2个杂原子的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的5元或6元杂环或苯环代表。
在实施方案中,het1代表选自未被取代的或被取代的以下基团的基团:吡唑、咪唑、噁唑、噻唑、异噁唑、异噻唑、三唑、噁二唑和噻二唑;het2由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、吡嗪、嘧啶、哒嗪、吡喃、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪、吗啉、硫代吗啉、噁嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、噻嗪、氧硫杂环己烷和二噻烷;het2由未被取代的或被取代的吡啶代表;并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡啶、吡嗪、哒嗪、哌嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、吗啉和硫代吗啉。
在实施方案中,het1代表选自未被取代的或被取代的以下基团的基团:吡唑、咪唑、噁唑、噻唑、异噁唑、异噻唑、三唑、噁二唑和噻二唑;het2由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡啶、吡唑、咪唑、吡嗪、嘧啶、哒嗪、噻唑、异噻唑、三唑、噁唑、异噁唑、二氢吡啶、四氢吡啶、吡喃、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪、吗啉、硫代吗啉、噁嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、噻嗪、氧硫杂环己烷和二噻烷(任选地吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、哒嗪、嘧啶、噻唑、异噻唑、三唑、异噁唑、四氢吡啶、四氢吡喃和二氢吡喃);并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:苯基、吡唑、吡啶、嘧啶、吡嗪、二氢吡喃和哌嗪。
任选地,het1代表选自未被取代的或被取代的以下基团的基团:吡唑、咪唑、噁唑、噻唑、异噁唑、异噻唑、三唑、噁二唑和噻二唑;het2由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪和吗啉;并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:嘧啶、吡嗪、哒嗪和哌嗪。
任选地,het1代表选自未被取代的或被取代的以下基团的基团:吡唑、咪唑、噁唑、噻唑、异噁唑、异噻唑、三唑、噁二唑和噻二唑;het2由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、哒嗪、嘧啶、噻唑、异噻唑、三唑、异噁唑、四氢吡啶、四氢吡喃和二氢吡喃(任选地吡啶、吡唑、四氢吡喃和二氢吡喃);并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:苯基、吡唑、吡啶、嘧啶、吡嗪、二氢吡喃和哌嗪。
在实施方案中,m是1或2。在优选的实施方案中,m是1。
在实施方案中,根据式(I)的化合物是根据式(IV)的化合物:
在实施方案中,根据式(I)的化合物是根据式(IVa)或(IVb)的化合物:
在实施方案中,根据式(I)的化合物是根据式(V)的化合物:
在实施方案中,根据式(I)的化合物是根据式(Va)或(Vb)的化合物:
在实施方案中,根据式(I)的化合物是根据式(Vc)的化合物:
在实施方案中,het1代表未被取代的或被取代的吡唑或X1是CR6并且X2是N;het2由未被取代的或被取代的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的6元杂环代表;并且het3由是未被取代的或被取代的并且包含2个杂原子的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的6元杂环代表。
在实施方案中,het1代表未被取代的或被取代的吡唑或X1是CR6并且X2是N;het2由未被取代的或被取代的5元或6元杂环烯基环或杂芳基环代表(任选地其中het2不由吡啶代表);并且het3由是未被取代的或被取代的并且包含2个杂原子的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的6元杂环代表。
在实施方案中,het1代表未被取代的或被取代的吡唑或X1是CR6并且X2是N;het2由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、吡嗪、嘧啶、哒嗪、吡喃、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪、吗啉、硫代吗啉、噁嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、噻嗪、氧硫杂环己烷和二噻烷;并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:嘧啶、吡嗪、哒嗪、哌嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、吗啉和硫代吗啉。
在实施方案中,het1代表未被取代的或被取代的吡唑或X1是CR6并且X2是N;het2由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、哒嗪、嘧啶、噻唑、异噻唑、三唑、异噁唑、四氢吡啶、四氢吡喃和二氢吡喃(任选地吡啶、吡唑、四氢吡喃和二氢吡喃);并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:嘧啶、吡嗪、哒嗪、哌嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、吗啉和硫代吗啉。
任选地,het1代表选自未被取代的或被取代的吡唑或X1是CR6并且X2是N;het2由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪和吗啉;并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:嘧啶、吡嗪、哒嗪和哌嗪。
任选地,het1代表未被取代的或被取代的吡唑或X1是CR6并且X2是N;het2由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、哒嗪、嘧啶、噻唑、异噻唑、三唑、异噁唑、四氢吡啶、四氢吡喃和二氢吡喃(任选地吡啶、吡唑、四氢吡喃和二氢吡喃);并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:苯基、吡唑、吡啶、嘧啶、吡嗪、二氢吡喃和哌嗪。
在实施方案中,het1代表未被取代的或被取代的咪唑或X1是N并且X2是CR6;het2由未被取代的或被取代的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的6元杂环代表;并且het3由是未被取代的或被取代的并且包含2个杂原子的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的6元杂环代表。
在实施方案中,het1代表未被取代的或被取代的咪唑或X1是N并且X2是CR6;het2由未被取代的或被取代的5元或6元杂环烯基环或杂芳基环代表;并且het3由是未被取代的或被取代的并且包含2个杂原子的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的6元杂环代表。
在实施方案中,het1代表未被取代的或被取代的咪唑或X1是N并且X2是CR6;het2由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、吡嗪、嘧啶、哒嗪、吡喃、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪、吗啉、硫代吗啉、噁嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、噻嗪、氧硫杂环己烷和二噻烷;并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:嘧啶、吡嗪、哒嗪、哌嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、吗啉和硫代吗啉。
在实施方案中,het1代表未被取代的或被取代的咪唑或X1是N并且X2是CR6;het2由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、哒嗪、嘧啶、噻唑、异噻唑、三唑、异噁唑、四氢吡啶、四氢吡喃和二氢吡喃(任选地吡啶、吡唑、四氢吡喃和二氢吡喃);并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:嘧啶、吡嗪、哒嗪、哌嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、吗啉和硫代吗啉。
任选地,het1代表选自未被取代的或被取代的咪唑;het2由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪和吗啉;并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:嘧啶、吡嗪、哒嗪和哌嗪。
任选地,het1代表未被取代的或被取代的咪唑或X1是CR6并且X2是N;het2由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、哒嗪、嘧啶、噻唑、异噻唑、三唑、异噁唑、四氢吡啶、四氢吡喃和二氢吡喃(任选地吡啶、吡唑、四氢吡喃和二氢吡喃);并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:苯基、吡唑、吡啶、嘧啶、吡嗪、二氢吡喃和哌嗪。
在实施方案中,het1代表未被取代的或被取代的噻吩;het2由未被取代的或被取代的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的6元杂环代表;并且het3由是未被取代的或被取代的并且包含2个杂原子的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的6元杂环代表。
在实施方案中,het1代表未被取代的或被取代的噻吩;het2由未被取代的或被取代的5元或6元杂环烯基环或杂芳基环代表(任选地其中het2不由吡啶代表);并且het3由是未被取代的或被取代的并且包含2个杂原子的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的6元杂环代表。
在实施方案中,het1代表未被取代的或被取代的噻吩;het2由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、吡嗪、嘧啶、哒嗪、吡喃、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪、吗啉、硫代吗啉、噁嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、噻嗪、氧硫杂环己烷和二噻烷;并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:嘧啶、吡嗪、哒嗪、哌嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、吗啉和硫代吗啉。
在实施方案中,het1代表未被取代的或被取代的噻吩;het2由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、哒嗪、嘧啶、噻唑、异噻唑、三唑、异噁唑、四氢吡啶、四氢吡喃和二氢吡喃(任选地吡啶、吡唑、四氢吡喃和二氢吡喃);并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:嘧啶、吡嗪、哒嗪、哌嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、吗啉和硫代吗啉。
任选地,het1代表选自未被取代的或被取代的噻吩;het2由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪和吗啉;并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:嘧啶、吡嗪、哒嗪和哌嗪。
优选地,het1代表未被取代的或被取代的噻吩;het2由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、哒嗪、嘧啶、噻唑、异噻唑、三唑、异噁唑、四氢吡啶、四氢吡喃和二氢吡喃(任选地吡啶、吡唑、四氢吡喃和二氢吡喃);并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:苯基、吡唑、吡啶、嘧啶、吡嗪、二氢吡喃和哌嗪。
在优选的实施方案中,het1代表未被取代的或被取代的:咪唑、吡唑或噻吩;het2由未被取代的或被取代的吡啶代表;并且het3由选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环代表:嘧啶和吡嗪。
R1和R2可以在每次出现时独立地选自:H、卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA3和-NRA3RB3。R1和R2可以在每次出现时独立地选自:H、氯、氟、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、三氟乙基、-OCF3、-OH、-OMe、-OEt、-NH2、-NHMe和-NMe2。优选地,R1和R2是H。
在实施方案中,m是1并且R1和R2是H。在可选择的实施方案中,m是2并且R1和R2是H。在可选择的实施方案中,m是1并且R1是Me,R2是H。
R3任选地是H或甲基。
R4任选地在每次出现时选自:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-CN、-ORA4和-NRA4RB4。R4可以在每次出现时独立地选自:H、氯、氟、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、三氟乙基、-OCF3、-OH、-OMe、-OEt、-NH2、-NHMe和-NMe2。
RA1、RB1、RA2、RB2、RA3、RB3、RA4和RB4在每次出现时独立地选自:H、甲基、乙基和-OCF3。
在优选的实施方案中,n是0。
在优选的实施方案中,本发明的化合物选自式(IIa)、(IIIb)、(IVa)、(Va)或(Vc)的化合物。
本发明还提供本发明的化合物的药学上可接受的盐。因此,提供式(I)的化合物和其药学上可接受的盐。
根据本发明的化合物可以选自由以下组成的组:
根据本发明的化合物还可以选自由以下组成的组:
在实施方案中,本发明的化合物不是
根据另一个方面,本发明提供本发明的化合物用作药剂。
根据另一个方面,本发明提供包含本发明的化合物和药学上可接受的赋形剂的药物制剂。
在实施方案中,药物组合物可以是包含另外的药学活性剂的组合产品。另外的药学活性剂可以是下文描述的抗肿瘤剂。
根据另一个方面,提供本发明的化合物用于调节Wnt信号传送。任选地,Wnt信号传送通过抑制porcupine(Porcn)来调节。Wnt信号传送的调节可以包括抑制肿瘤周围的组织中的旁分泌信号传送以及癌细胞中的自分泌信号传送和旁分泌信号传送。
根据另一个方面,提供本发明的化合物,用于使用本发明的化合物治疗可以通过抑制Porcn调节的状况。式(I)的化合物可以用于治疗通过抑制Porcn可治疗的状况。
Porcn抑制跟与增加的Wnt信号传送相关的许多不同疾病的治疗相关。在实施方案中,通过抑制Porcn可治疗的状况可以选自:癌症(cancer)、肉瘤、黑色素瘤、皮肤癌、血液肿瘤、淋巴瘤、上皮癌(carcinoma)和白血病。通过调节Wnt信号传送或抑制Porcn可治疗的特定的癌症、肉瘤、黑色素瘤、皮肤癌、血液肿瘤、淋巴瘤、上皮癌和白血病可以选自:食管鳞状细胞癌、胃癌、成胶质细胞瘤、星形细胞瘤、成视网膜细胞瘤、骨肉瘤、软骨肉瘤、尤文氏肉瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、Wilm’s瘤、基底细胞癌、非小细胞肺癌、脑肿瘤、激素难治性前列腺癌、前列腺癌、转移性乳腺癌、乳腺癌、转移性胰腺癌、胰腺癌、结肠直肠癌、宫颈癌、头颈部鳞状细胞癌和头颈部癌症。
Porcn抑制还与通过抑制Wnt配体分泌可治疗的状况的治疗相关,所述状况选自:皮肤纤维化、特发性肺纤维化、肾间质纤维化、肝纤维化、蛋白尿、肾移植排斥、骨关节炎、帕金森病、黄斑囊样水肿、葡萄膜炎相关的黄斑囊样水肿、视网膜病变、糖尿病视网膜病变和早产儿视网膜病变。
本发明预期治疗以上提及的状况的方法,并且预期在治疗以上提及的状况的方法中使用的本发明的化合物。
在本发明的一方面,本发明的化合物可以用于治疗选自以下的状况:癌症、肉瘤、黑色素瘤、皮肤癌、血液肿瘤、淋巴瘤、上皮癌和白血病。可以通过本发明的化合物治疗的特定的癌症、肉瘤、黑色素瘤、皮肤癌、血液肿瘤、淋巴瘤、上皮癌和白血病可以选自:食管鳞状细胞癌、胃癌、成胶质细胞瘤、星形细胞瘤、成视网膜细胞瘤、骨肉瘤、软骨肉瘤、尤文氏肉瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、Wilm’s瘤、基底细胞癌、非小细胞肺癌、脑肿瘤、激素难治性前列腺癌、前列腺癌、转移性乳腺癌、乳腺癌、转移性胰腺癌、胰腺癌、结肠直肠癌、宫颈癌、头颈部鳞状细胞癌和头颈部癌症。
本发明的化合物还可以用于治疗选自以下的状况:皮肤纤维化、特发性肺纤维化、肾间质纤维化、肝纤维化、蛋白尿、肾移植排斥、骨关节炎、帕金森病、黄斑囊样水肿、葡萄膜炎相关的黄斑囊样水肿、视网膜病变、糖尿病视网膜病变和早产儿视网膜病变。
在本发明的一个方面,提供由Wnt信号传送调节的状况的治疗方法,其中所述方法包括向需要其的患者施用治疗量的本发明的化合物。在本发明的实施方案中,提供由Porcn调节的状况的治疗方法。
治疗方法可以是治疗通过调节Wnt信号传送或Porcn可治疗的状况的方法。这些状况在上文中关于通过抑制Porcn可治疗的状况描述。
在本发明的一个方面,提供选自以下的状况的治疗方法:癌症、肉瘤、黑色素瘤、皮肤癌、血液肿瘤、淋巴瘤、上皮癌和白血病,其中方法包括向需要其的患者施用治疗量的本发明的化合物。可以通过所述治疗方法治疗的特定的癌症、肉瘤、黑色素瘤、皮肤癌、血液肿瘤、淋巴瘤、上皮癌和白血病可以选自:食管鳞状细胞癌、胃癌、成胶质细胞瘤、星形细胞瘤、成视网膜细胞瘤、骨肉瘤、软骨肉瘤、尤文氏肉瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、Wilm’s瘤、基底细胞癌、非小细胞肺癌、脑肿瘤、激素难治性前列腺癌、前列腺癌、转移性乳腺癌、乳腺癌、转移性胰腺癌、胰腺癌、结肠直肠癌、宫颈癌、头颈部鳞状细胞癌和头颈部癌症。
治疗方法还可以是治疗选自以下的状况:皮肤纤维化、特发性肺纤维化、肾间质纤维化、肝纤维化、蛋白尿、肾移植排斥、骨关节炎、帕金森病、黄斑囊样水肿、葡萄膜炎相关的黄斑囊样水肿、视网膜病变、糖尿病视网膜病变和早产儿视网膜病变。
在本发明的一个方面,提供本发明的化合物在制造用于治疗由Porcn调节的状况的药剂中的用途。状况可以是上文提及的任何状况。
异常Wnt信号传送可以与选自以下的状况相关:非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC);慢性淋巴细胞白血病(CLL);胃癌;头颈鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC);结肠直肠癌;卵巢癌;基底细胞癌(BCC);乳腺癌;膀胱癌;结肠直肠间皮瘤;前列腺癌;非小细胞肺癌;肺癌;骨肉瘤;Frz过表达已经与癌症诸如前列腺癌、结肠直肠癌、卵巢癌、胃癌相关;Wnt信号传送途径成分诸如dishevelled的过表达:前列腺癌、乳腺癌、间皮瘤、宫颈癌;Frat-1过表达:胰腺癌、食管癌、宫颈癌、乳腺癌和胃癌相关;轴蛋白功能缺失(LOF):肝细胞癌、成神经管细胞瘤、胃癌、结肠直肠癌、肠道类癌、卵巢癌、肺腺癌、子宫内膜癌、肝细胞癌、肝母细胞癌、成神经管细胞瘤、胰腺癌、甲状腺癌、前列腺癌、黑色素瘤、毛母质瘤、Wilm′s瘤、胰母细胞瘤、脂肪肉瘤、青少年鼻咽血管纤维瘤、硬纤维瘤、滑膜肉瘤、黑色素瘤、白血病、多发性骨髓瘤、脑肿瘤诸如神经胶质瘤、星形细胞瘤、脑膜瘤、神经鞘瘤、垂体瘤、原始神经外胚层瘤(PNET)、成神经管细胞瘤、颅咽管瘤、松果体区肿瘤和非癌型神经纤维瘤;
用本发明的Wnt拮抗剂抑制Wnt信号传送可以在来源于功能障碍性血生成的紊乱的治疗中是治疗性的,所述紊乱诸如白血病和多种血液相关的癌症,诸如急性、慢性、淋巴样和骨髓性的白血病、骨髓增生异常综合征和骨髓增生性紊乱。这些包括骨髓瘤、淋巴瘤(例如霍奇金淋巴瘤和非霍奇金淋巴瘤)、慢性和非进展的贫血、进展性和有症状的血细胞缺陷、真性红细胞增多症、原发性(essential)或原发性(primary)血小板增多症、特发性骨髓纤维化、慢性粒单核细胞白血病(CMML)、套细胞淋巴瘤、皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤和Waldenstrom巨球蛋白血症。
与异常的Wnt信号传送相关的其他紊乱包括,但不限于,骨质疏松症、骨关节炎、多囊性肾病、糖尿病、精神分裂症、血管疾病、心脏疾病、非致癌性增生性疾病和神经退行性疾病诸如阿尔兹海默病。
异常的Wnt信号传送可以与选自以下的癌症相关:脑癌;肺癌;结肠癌;表皮癌(epidermoid cancer);鳞状细胞癌;膀胱癌;胃癌;胰腺癌;乳腺癌;头颈癌;肾癌(renalcancer);肾癌(kidney cancer);肝癌;卵巢癌;前列腺癌;子宫癌;食管癌;睾丸癌;妇科癌症;甲状腺癌;黑色素瘤;急性髓性白血病;慢性髓细胞性白血病;MCL卡波济氏肉瘤;
异常的Wnt信号传送可以与选自以下的炎性疾病相关:多发性硬化;类风湿性关节炎;系统性红斑狼疮;炎性肠病;骨关节炎;阿尔兹海默病。
详述
下文给出的是在本申请中使用的术语的定义。本文没有定义的任何术语采取如技术人员将理解该术语的普通含义。
术语“卤素”指的是周期表中第17族的卤素中的一个。特别地,该术语指的是氟、氯、溴和碘。优选地,该术语指的是氟或氯。
术语“C1-4烷基”指的是包含1个、2个、3个、4个、5个或6个碳原子的直链的或支链的烃链,例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基和正己基。亚烷基基团可以同样地是直链的或支链的并且可以具有附接至分子的剩余部分的两个位置。此外,例如,亚烷基基团可以对应于在此段中列举的那些烷基中的一个。烷基和亚烷基基团可以是未被取代的或被一个或更多个取代基取代。下文描述可能的取代基。用于烷基基团的取代基可以是卤素例如氟、氯、溴和碘、OH、C1-6烷氧基。
术语“C1-4烷氧基”指的是通过氧附接至分子的烷基基团。这包括其中烷基部分可以是直链的或支链的并且可以包含1个、2个、3个、4个、5个或6个碳原子(例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基和正己基)的部分。因此,烷氧基基团可以是甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、仲丁氧基、叔丁氧基、正戊氧基和正己氧基。烷氧基基团的烷基部分可以是未被取代的或被一个或更多个取代基取代。下文描述可能的取代基。用于烷基基团的取代基可以是卤素例如氟、氯、溴和碘、OH、C1-6烷氧基。
术语“C1-4卤代烷基”指的是被在每次出现时独立地选择的至少一个卤素原子例如氟、氯、溴和碘取代的烃链。卤素原子可以存在于烃链上的任何位置处。例如,C1-4卤代烷基可以指的是氯甲基、氟甲基、三氟甲基、氯乙基,例如1-氯甲基和2-氯乙基、三氯乙基例如1,2,2-三氯乙基、2,2,2-三氯乙基、氟乙基例如1-氟甲基和2-氟乙基、三氟乙基例如1,2,2-三氟乙基和2,2,2-三氟乙基、氯丙基、三氯丙基、氟丙基、三氟丙基。
术语“C2-6烯基”指的是包含至少一个双键并且具有2个、3个、4个、5个或6个碳原子的支链的或直链的烃链。双键可以作为E异构体或Z异构体存在。双键可以在烃链的任何可能的位置处。例如,“C2-6烯基”可以是乙烯基、丙烯基、丁烯基、丁二烯基、戊烯基、戊二烯基、己烯基和己二烯基。
术语“C2-6炔基”指的是包含至少一个三键并且具有2个、3个、4个、5个或6个碳原子的支链的或直链的烃链。三键可以在烃链的任何可能的位置处。例如,“C2-6炔基”可以是乙炔基、丙炔基、丁炔基、戊炔基和己炔基。
术语“C1-6杂烷基”指的是包含1个、2个、3个、4个、5个或6个碳原子和定位于链中的任何碳之间或链的末端处的至少一个杂原子的支链的或直链的烃链,所述至少一个杂原子选自N、O和S。例如,烃链可以包含一个或两个杂原子。C1-6杂烷基可以通过碳或杂原子键合至分子的其余部分。例如,“C1-6杂烷基”可以是C1-6N-烷基、C1-6N,N-烷基或C1-6O-烷基。
术语“碳环”指的是饱和的或不饱和的包含碳的环体系。“碳环”体系可以是单环体系或稠合的多环体系,例如双环或三环。“碳环”部分可以包含从3个至14个碳原子,例如,在单环体系中的3个至8个碳原子和在多环体系中的7个至14个碳原子。“碳环”包括环烷基部分、环烯基部分、芳环体系和包含芳香族部分的稠环体系。
术语“杂环”指的是包含选自N、O或S的至少一个杂原子的饱和的或不饱和的环体系。“杂环”体系可以包含1个、2个、3个或4个杂原子,例如1个或2个。“杂环”体系可以是单环体系或稠合的多环体系,例如双环或三环。“杂环”部分可以包含从3个至14个碳原子,例如,在单环体系中的3个至8个碳原子和在多环体系中的7个至14个碳原子。“杂环”包括杂环烷基部分、杂环烯基部分和杂芳香族部分。例如,杂环基团可以是:环氧乙烷、氮丙啶、氮杂环丁烷、氧杂环丁烷、四氢呋喃、吡咯烷、咪唑烷、琥珀酰亚胺、吡唑烷、噁唑烷、异噁唑烷、噻唑烷、异噻唑烷、哌啶、吗啉、硫代吗啉、哌嗪和四氢吡喃。
术语“C3-6环烷基”指的是包含3个、4个、5个、6个、7个或8个碳原子的饱和的烃环体系。例如,“C3-8环烷基”可以是环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基和环辛基。
术语“C3-8环烯基”指的是包含3个、4个、5个、6个、7个或8个碳原子的不是芳香族的不饱和的烃环体系。环可以包含多于一个双键,条件是环体系不是芳香族。例如,“C3-8环烯基”可以是环丙烯基、环丁烯基、环戊烯基、环戊二烯基、环己烯基、环己二烯基、环庚烯基、环庚二烯基、环辛烯基和环辛二烯基。
术语“C3-8杂环烷基”指的是包含3个、4个、5个、6个、7个或8个碳原子以及在环内包含选自N、O和S的至少一个杂原子的饱和的烃环体系。例如可以有1个、2个或3个杂原子,任选地1个或2个。“C3-8杂环烷基”可以通过任何碳原子或杂原子键合至分子的其余部分。“C3-8杂环烷基”可以具有键合至分子的其余部分的一个或更多个例如一个或两个键:这些键可以通过环中的任何原子。例如,“C3-8杂环烷基”可以是环氧乙烷、氮丙啶、氮杂环丁烷、氧杂环丁烷、四氢呋喃、吡咯烷、咪唑烷、琥珀酰亚胺、吡唑烷、噁唑烷、异噁唑烷、噻唑烷、异噻唑烷、哌啶、吗啉、硫代吗啉、哌嗪和四氢吡喃。
术语“C3-8杂环烯基”指的是包含3个、4个、5个、6个、7个或8个碳原子以及在环内包含选自N、O和S的至少一个杂原子的不是芳香族的不饱和的烃环体系。例如可以有1个、2个或3个杂原子,任选地1个或2个。“C3-8杂环烯基”可以通过任何碳原子或杂原子键合至分子的其余部分。“C3-8杂环烯基”可以具有键合至分子的其余部分的一个或更多个例如一个或两个键:这些键可以通过环中的任何原子。例如,“C3-8杂环烯基”可以是四氢吡啶、二氢吡喃、二氢呋喃、吡咯啉。
术语“芳香族”当被用至取代基时作为一个整体意指在环或环体系内的共轭π体系中具有4n+2个电子的单环或多环体系,其中对共轭π体系有贡献的所有原子在同一平面中。
术语“芳基”指的是芳香族烃环体系。环体系在环内的共轭π体系中具有4n+2个电子,其中对共轭π体系有贡献的所有原子在同一平面中。例如,“芳基”可以是苯基和萘基。芳基体系自身可以被其他基团取代。
术语“杂芳基”指的是在单环内或在稠环体系内具有选自O、N和S的至少一个杂原子的芳香族烃环体系。环或环体系在共轭π体系中具有4n+2个电子,其中对共轭π体系有贡献的所有原子在同一平面中。例如,“杂芳基”可以是咪唑、噻吩(thiene)、呋喃、噻蒽(thianthrene)、吡咯、苯并咪唑、吡唑、吡嗪、吡啶、嘧啶和吲哚。
术语“烷芳基”指的是键合至C1-4烷基的如上文定义的芳基基团,其中C1-4烷基基团提供至分子的剩余部分的附接。
术语“烷杂芳基”指的是键合至C1-4烷基的如上文定义的杂芳基基团,其中烷基基团提供至分子的剩余部分的附接。
术语“卤素”在本文中包括提及的F、Cl、Br和I。卤素可以是Cl。卤素可以是F。
以终止的键代表该键连接至结构中未示出的另一个原子。在环状结构内部终止的而不是在环结构的原子处终止的键代表该键可以连接至其中化合价所允许的环结构中的任何原子。
在部分被取代的情况下,其可以在化学上可能的并且与原子化合价要求相一致的部分上的任何点处被取代。部分可以被一个或更多个取代基例如1个、2个、3个或4个取代基取代;任选地在基团上存在1个或2个取代基。在存在两个或更多个取代基的情况下,取代基可以是相同的或不同的。取代基可以选自:OH、NHR、脒基、胍基、羟基胍基、亚胺甲基氨基(formamidino)、异硫脲基、脲基、巯基、C(O)H、酰基、酰氧基、羧基、磺酸基、氨磺酰基、氨甲酰基、氰基、偶氮、硝基、卤素、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷基、C3-8环烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、芳基、杂芳基或烷芳基。在待被取代的基团是烷基基团的情况下,取代基可以是=O。R可以选自H、C1-6烷基、C3-8环烷基、苯基、苄基或苯乙基基团,例如R是H或C1-3烷基。在部分被两个或更多个取代基取代并且取代基中的两个相邻的情况下,相邻的取代基可以与取代基在其上被取代的部分的原子一起形成C4-8环,其中C4-8环是具有4个、5个、6个、7个或8个碳原子的饱和的或不饱和的烃环或具有4个、5个、6个、7个或8个碳原子和1个、2个或3个杂原子的饱和的或不饱和的烃环。
取代基仅存在于其在化学上可能的位置处,本领域技术人员能够无需不恰当的努力(实验地或理论地)决定哪些取代是化学上可能的并且哪些不是化学上可能的。
邻位、间位和对位取代是本领域充分理解的术语。不存在疑问,“邻位”取代是其中相邻碳拥有取代基的取代方式,无论取代基是简单基团例如以下实例中的氟基,还是如由以结束的键所指示的分子的其他部分。
“间位”取代是其中两个取代基在以下这样的碳上的取代方式:彼此相隔一个碳,即在被取代的碳之间有单一碳原子。换言之,在偏离具有另一个取代基的原子的第二个原子上存在取代基。例如,以下基团是被间位取代的。
“对位”取代是其中两个取代基在以下这样的碳上的取代方式:彼此间隔两个碳,即在被取代的碳之间有两个碳原子。换言之,在偏离具有另一个取代基的原子的第三个原子上存在取代基。例如,以下基团是被对位取代的。
在两个基团在不相邻的原子上被取代的情况下,本领域技术人员将理解,两个基团不是在同一原子上或在彼此结合的两个原子上被取代。例如,以下所示的吡唑环被显示具有键合至不相邻的原子的两个取代基。不相邻的原子在它们之间具有至少一个原子。
术语“酰基”意指通过除去羟基衍生自例如有机酸的有机基,例如具有式R-C(O)-的基,其中R可以选自H、C1-6烷基、C3-8环烷基、苯基、苄基或苯乙基基团,例如R是H或C1-3烷基。在一个实施方案中,酰基是烷基-羰基。酰基基团的实例包括但不限于甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基和丁酰基。特定的酰基是乙酰基。
贯穿描述,化合物的公开内容还包括其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物和立体异构体。在化合物具有立构中心的情况下,本发明预期(R)和(S)立体异构体二者,同样地,本申请完成立体异构体的混合物或外消旋混合物。在本发明的化合物具有两个或更多个立构中心的情况下,预期(R)和(S)立体异构体的任何组合。(R)和(S)立体异构体的组合可以导致非对映异构体混合物或单一非对映异构体。本发明的化合物可以作为单一立体异构体存在,或者可以是立体异构体的混合物,例如外消旋混合物和其他对映体混合物,以及非对映异构体混合物。在混合物是对映体混合物的情况下,对映体过量可以是以上公开的那些中的任一个。在化合物是单一立体异构体的情况下,化合物可以仍然包含作为杂质的其他非对映异构体或对映体。因此,单一立体异构体不必需具有100%的对映体过量(e.e.)或100%的非对映异构体过量(d.e.),而是可以具有约至少85%的e.e.或d.e.。
本发明预期本发明的化合物的药学上可接受的盐。这些药学上可接受的盐可以包括化合物的酸加成盐和碱盐。这些药学上可接受的盐可以是化合物的酸加成盐和碱盐。此外,本发明预期化合物的溶剂化物。这些药学上可接受的盐可以是化合物的水合物或其他溶剂化形式。
合适的酸加成盐由形成无毒盐的酸形成。实例包括乙酸盐、天冬氨酸盐、苯甲酸盐、苯磺酸盐、碳酸氢盐/碳酸盐、硫酸氢盐/硫酸盐、硼酸盐、右旋樟脑磺酸盐(camsylate)、柠檬酸盐、乙二磺酸盐、乙磺酸盐、甲酸盐、富马酸盐、葡庚糖酸盐、葡萄糖酸盐、葡萄糖醛酸盐、六氟磷酸盐、海苯酸盐(hibenzate)、盐酸盐/氯化物、氢溴酸盐/溴化物、氢碘酸盐/碘化物、羟乙基磺酸盐、乳酸盐、苹果酸盐、马来酸盐、丙二酸盐、甲磺酸盐、甲基磺酸盐、萘酸盐、1,5-萘二磺酸盐、2-萘磺酸盐、烟酸盐、硝酸盐、乳清酸盐、草酸盐、棕榈酸盐、双羟萘酸盐、磷酸盐/磷酸氢盐/磷酸二氢盐、蔗糖盐(saccharate)、硬脂酸盐、琥珀酸盐、酒石酸盐、甲苯磺酸盐和三氟乙酸盐。
合适的碱盐由形成无毒盐的碱形成。实例包括铝盐、精氨酸盐、苄星青霉素盐(benzathine salt)、钙盐、胆碱盐、二乙胺盐、二乙醇胺盐(diolamine)、甘氨酸盐、赖氨酸盐、镁盐、葡甲胺盐、乙醇胺盐(olamine)、钾盐、钠盐、缓血酸胺盐和锌盐。还可以形成酸和碱的半盐,例如半硫酸盐和半钙盐。对于关于合适的盐的综述,参见Stahl和Wermuth的“Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts:Properties,Selection,and Use”(Wiley-VCH,Weinheim,Germany,2002)。
式(I)的化合物的药学上可接受的盐可以通过以下三种方法中的一种或更多种来制备:
(i)通过使本发明的化合物与期望的酸或碱反应;
(ii)通过将酸不稳的或碱不稳的保护基团从本发明的化合物的合适前体中除去或通过使用期望的酸或碱将合适的环状前体例如内酯或内酰胺开环;或
(iii)通过使本发明的化合物的一种盐通过与恰当的酸或碱反应或借助于合适的离子交换柱而转化为另一种盐。
所有三种反应通常在溶液中进行。得到的盐可以沉淀出来并且通过过滤来收集或可以通过蒸发溶剂来回收。得到的盐的电离度可以从完全电离至几乎不电离变化。
本发明的化合物可以以未溶剂化形式和溶剂化形式两者存在。本文使用术语‘溶剂化物’来描述包含本发明的化合物和化学计算量的一种或更多种药学上可接受的溶剂分子例如乙醇的分子络合物。当所述溶剂是水时,采用术语‘水合物’。
包括在本发明的范围内的是络合物例如笼形包合物、药物宿主包含络合物(drug-host inclusion complex),其中与此前提及的溶剂化物形成对照,药物和宿主以化学计算量或非化学计算量存在。还包括包含两种或更多种有机组分和/或无机组分的药物的络合物,所述两种或更多种有机组分和/或无机组分可以以化学计算量或非化学计算量。得到的络合物可以是电离的、部分电离的、或非电离的。对于此类络合物的综述,参见Haleblian的J Pharm Sci,64(8),1269-1288(August 1975)。
在下文中,所有提及任何式的化合物包括提及其盐、溶剂化物和络合物以及提及其盐的溶剂化物和络合物。
本发明的化合物包括如本文定义的许多式的化合物,包括如在下文中定义的其全部多形体(polymorph)和晶体习性(crystal habit)、其前药和异构体(包括光学异构体、几何异构体和互变异构异构体)以及本发明的同位素标记的化合物。
本发明还包括所有药学上可接受的同位素标记的本发明的化合物,其中一个或更多个原子被具有相同原子序数但原子质量或质量数与自然界中最常见的原子质量或质量数不同的原子代替。
适用于包含在本发明的化合物中的同位素的实例包括氢的同位素,诸如2H和3H,碳的同位素,诸如11C、13C和14C,氯的同位素,诸如36Cl,氟的同位素,诸如18F,碘的同位素,诸如123I和125I,氮的同位素,诸如13N和15N,氧的同位素,诸如15O、17O和18O,磷的同位素,诸如32P,和硫的同位素,诸如35S。
某些同位素标记的化合物,例如掺入放射性同位素的那些,在药物和/或底物组织分布研究中是有用的。放射性同位素氚即3H,以及碳-14即14C,考虑到其易于掺入和检测的现成工具,对于该目的特别有用。
用更重的同位素诸如氘即2H取代,由于更高的代谢稳定性,例如,体内半衰期延长或剂量需求降低,可以提供某些治疗益处,并且因此在一些情况下可以是优选的。
在纯化之前,取决于使用的合成程序,本发明的化合物可以作为对映体的混合物存在。对映体可以通过本领域已知的常规技术来分离。因此,本发明涵盖个体对映体以及其混合物。
对于制备本发明的化合物的方法的步骤中的某些,保护不希望反应的潜在的反应功能并且因此裂解所述保护基团可能是必需的。在这样的情况下,可以使用任何相容的保护基。特别地,可以使用例如由T.W.GREENE(Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis,A.Wiley-Interscience Publication,1981)或由P.J.Kocienski(Protecting groups,Georg Thieme Verlag,1994)描述的那些保护和脱保护的方法。在上述方法中使用的所有以上反应和新的起始物料的制备是常规的,并且用于其进行或制备的恰当的试剂和反应条件以及用于分离期望产物的程序参考文献前例和关于其的实施例和制备对本领域技术人员将是熟知的。
并且,本发明的化合物以及用于其制备的中间体可以根据各种熟知的方法诸如例如结晶或色谱法来纯化。
本发明的一个或更多个化合物可以与一种或更多种药物剂组合用于治疗通过抑制Porcn调节的状况,所述药物剂例如抗病毒剂、化疗剂(chemotherapeutic)、抗癌剂、免疫增强剂、免疫抑制剂、抗肿瘤疫苗、抗病毒疫苗、细胞因子疗法或酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,所述状况例如癌症、肉瘤、黑色素瘤、皮肤癌、血液肿瘤、淋巴瘤、上皮癌、白血病、中枢神经系统紊乱、炎症和免疫学疾病。
如上文中定义的用于治疗癌症、肉瘤、黑色素瘤、皮肤癌、血液肿瘤、淋巴瘤、上皮癌、白血病、中枢神经系统紊乱、炎症和免疫学疾病的治疗方法或化合物可以被用作唯一治疗或可以是与另外的活性剂的组合治疗。
用于治疗癌症、肉瘤、黑色素瘤、皮肤癌、血液肿瘤、淋巴瘤、上皮癌、白血病和中枢神经系统紊乱的治疗方法或化合物除了本发明的化合物之外还可以包括常规的手术或放射疗法或化学疗法。此类化学疗法可以包括以下类别的抗肿瘤剂中的一种或更多种:
(i)抗增殖药/抗肿瘤药及其组合,比如,烷基化剂(例如顺铂、奥沙利铂、卡铂、环磷酰胺、氮芥、尿嘧啶氮芥、苯达莫司汀、美法仑、苯丁酸氮芥、盐酸氮芥、白消安、替莫唑胺、亚硝基脲、异环磷酰胺(ifosamide)、美法仑、哌泊溴烷、三乙撑蜜胺、triethylenethiophoporamine、卡莫司汀、洛莫司汀、链佐星和达卡巴嗪);抗代谢物(例如,吉西他滨和叶酸拮抗物诸如氟嘧啶如5-氟尿嘧啶和替加氟、雷替曲塞、氨甲蝶呤、培美曲塞、胞嘧啶阿拉伯糖苷、氟尿苷、阿糖孢苷、6-巯基嘌呤、6-硫代鸟嘌呤、氟达拉滨磷酸、喷司他丁(pentostatin)、和吉西他滨和羟基脲);抗生素(例如,蒽环霉素如阿霉素、博来霉素、多柔比星、道诺霉素、表柔比星、伊达比星、丝裂霉素-C、更生霉素和光辉霉素);抗有丝分裂剂(例如长春花生物碱如长春新碱、长春花碱、长春地辛和长春瑞滨,以及紫杉烷如紫杉醇和taxotere,以及polo激酶(polokinase)抑制剂);蛋白酶体抑制剂例如卡非佐米和硼替佐米;干扰素治疗;和拓扑异构酶抑制剂(例如,表鬼臼毒素如依托泊苷和替尼泊苷、安吖啶、拓扑替康、米托蒽醌以及喜树碱);博来霉素、更生霉素、道诺霉素、多柔比星、表柔比星、伊达比星、ara-C、紫杉醇(TaxolTM)、白蛋白结合型紫杉醇(abpaclitaxel)、多西紫杉醇(docetaxel)、光神霉素、脱氧助间型霉素(deoxyco-formycin)、丝裂霉素-C、L-天冬酰胺酶、干扰素(特别是IFN-a)、依托泊苷和替尼泊苷;
(ii)细胞生长抑制剂诸如抗雌激素(例如他莫昔芬、氟维司群、托瑞米芬、雷洛昔芬、屈洛昔芬和艾多昔芬(iodoxyfene))、抗雄激素(例如比卡鲁胺、氟他胺、尼鲁米特和醋酸环丙孕酮)、LHRH拮抗剂或LHRH激动剂(例如戈舍瑞林、亮丙瑞林和布舍瑞林)、孕激素(例如醋酸甲地孕酮)、芳香化酶抑制剂(例如阿那曲唑、来曲唑、伏氯唑(vorazole)和依西美坦)以及5α还原酶抑制剂诸如非那雄胺;和诺维本(avelbene)、CPT-ll、阿那曲唑、来曲唑、卡培他滨、reloxafme、环磷酰胺、异环磷酰胺和屈洛昔芬(droloxafine);
(iii)抗侵入剂例如达沙替尼和博舒替尼(SKI-606),以及金属蛋白酶抑制剂、尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂受体功能的抑制剂或肝素酶的抗体;
(iv)生长因子功能的抑制剂:例如,这样的抑制剂包括生长因子抗体和生长因子受体抗体例如抗erbB2抗体曲妥珠单抗(trastuzumab)[赫塞汀TM]、抗EGFR抗体帕尼单抗、抗erbB1抗体西妥昔单抗,酪氨酸激酶抑制剂例如表皮生长因子家族的抑制剂(例如,EGFR家族酪氨酸激酶抑制剂例如吉非替尼、埃罗替尼和6-丙烯酰胺基-N-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-7-(3-吗啉代丙氧基)-喹唑啉-4-胺(CI 1033),erbB2酪氨酸激酶抑制剂诸如拉帕替尼)和共刺激分子诸如CTLA-4、4-1BB和PD-1的抗体,或细胞因子抗体(IL-I0、TGF-β);肝细胞生长因子家族的抑制剂;胰岛素生长因子家族的抑制剂;细胞凋亡的蛋白调节物的调节剂(例如Bcl-2抑制剂);血小板衍生的生长因子家族的抑制剂,例如伊马替尼和/或尼罗替尼(AMN107);丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶的抑制剂(例如,Ras/Raf信号传送抑制剂例如法尼基转移酶抑制剂,例如索拉非尼、替吡法尼和洛那法尼),通过MEK和/或AKT激酶的细胞信号传送的抑制剂、c-kit抑制剂、ab1激酶抑制剂、PI3激酶抑制剂、Plt3激酶抑制剂、CSF-1R激酶抑制剂、IGF受体激酶抑制剂;极光激酶抑制剂和周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂诸如CDK2抑制剂和/或CDK4抑制剂;和CCR2、CCR4或CCR6调节物;
(v)抗血管生成剂,例如抑制血管内皮生长因子的效应的那些抗血管生成剂,[例如抗血管内皮细胞生长因子抗体贝伐单抗(AvastinTM);沙利度胺;来那度胺;和例如VEGF受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂诸如凡德他尼、瓦他拉尼(vatalanib)、舒尼替尼、阿西替尼和帕唑帕尼;
(vi)基因治疗方法,包括例如替换畸变基因例如畸变的p53或畸变的BRCA1或BRCA2的方法;
(vii)免疫治疗方法,包括例如抗体治疗,诸如阿仑单抗、利妥昔单抗、替伊莫单抗(ibritumomab tiuxetan)和奥法木单抗;干扰素,例如干扰素α;白细胞介素诸如IL-2(阿地白介素(aldesleukin));白细胞介素抑制剂例如IRAK4抑制剂;癌症疫苗,包括预防性疫苗和治疗疫苗,诸如HPV疫苗例如加德西(Gardasil)、希瑞适(Cervarix)、Oncophage和Sipuleucel-T(Provenge);gp100;基于树突细胞的疫苗(诸如Ad.p53DC);和toll样受体调节物例如TLR-7或TLR-9拮抗剂;和
(viii)细胞毒性剂例如氟达拉滨(fludaribine)(福达华(fludara))、克拉屈滨(cladribine)、喷司他丁(pentostatin)(NipentTM);
(ix)类固醇,例如皮质类固醇,包括糖皮质激素和盐皮质激素,例如阿氯米松、二丙酸阿氯米松、醛固酮、安西奈德、倍氯米松、二丙酸倍氯米松、倍他米松、二丙酸倍他米松、倍他米松磷酸钠、戊酸倍他米松、布地奈德、氯倍他松、丁酸氯倍他松、丙酸氯倍他松、氯泼尼醇、可的松、醋酸可的松、可的伐唑、脱氧皮质酮、地奈德、去羟米松、地塞米松、地塞米松磷酸钠、异烟酸地塞米松、二氟可龙、氟氯缩松(fluclorolone)、氟米松、氟尼缩松(flunisolide)、氟轻松(fluocinolone)、肤轻松(fluocinolone acetonide)、醋酸肤轻松(fluocinonide)、福可定丁酯、氟可的松、氟可龙、氟可龙己酸酯、氟可龙新戊酸酯、氟米龙、氟泼尼定、醋酸氟泼尼定、氟氢缩松(flurandrenolone)、氟替卡松、氟替卡松丙酸酯、哈西奈德、氢化可的松、醋酸氢化可的松、丁酸氢化可的松、醋丙氢可的松、丁丙氢化可的松丁、戊酸氢化可的松、艾可米松(icomethasone)、醋丁艾可米松、甲泼尼松、甲基强的松龙、莫米松、帕拉米松、糠酸莫米松一水合物、泼尼卡酯、泼尼松龙、泼尼松、替可的松、特戊酸替可的松、曲安西龙、曲安奈德(triamcinolone acetonide)、曲安西龙醇和其各自药学上可接受的衍生物。可以使用类固醇的组合,例如在此段中提及的两种或更多种类固醇的组合;
(x)靶向治疗,例如PI3Kd抑制剂,例如,艾代拉里斯(idelalisib)和哌立福辛;PD-1、PD-L1、PD-L2和CTL4-A调节物、抗体和疫苗;IDO抑制剂(诸如indoximod);抗PD-1单克隆抗体(诸如MK-3475和纳武单抗);抗PDL1单克隆抗体(诸如MEDI-4736和RG-7446);抗PDL2单克隆抗体和抗CTLA-4抗体(诸如伊匹单抗);
(xi)抗病毒剂诸如核苷酸逆转录酶抑制剂(例如,齐多夫定、地达诺新、扎西他滨、司他夫定、拉米夫定、阿巴卡韦、阿德福韦、diprovoxil、洛布卡韦、BCH-10652、emitricitabine、β-L-FD4(也称为3′-双去氧-5-氟-胞苷)、(-)-β-D-2,6-二氨基-嘌呤、二氧戊环(dioxolane)和lodenasine)、非核苷逆转录酶抑制剂(例如奈韦拉平、地拉韦啶、依法韦仑、PNU-142721、AG-1549、MKC-442(1-乙氧基-甲基)-5-(1-甲基乙基)-6-(苯基甲基)-(2,4(1H,3H)嘧啶酮)和(+)-alanolide A和(+)-alanolide B)和蛋白酶抑制剂(例如沙奎那韦、利托那韦、茚地那韦、奈非那韦、安普那韦、拉西那韦、DMP-450、BMS-2322623、ABT-378和AG-1 549);
(xii)嵌合抗原受体、抗癌疫苗和精氨酸酶抑制剂。
用于治疗炎症和免疫学疾病的治疗方法或化合物除了本发明的化合物之外还可以包括另外的活性剂。另外的活性剂可以是用于治疗通过本发明的化合物和另外的活性剂治疗的症状的一种或更多种活性剂。另外的活性剂可以包括以下活性剂中的一种或更多种:
(i)类固醇,例如皮质类固醇,包括糖皮质激素和盐皮质激素,例如阿氯米松、二丙酸阿氯米松、醛固酮、安西奈德、倍氯米松、二丙酸倍氯米松、倍他米松、二丙酸倍他米松、倍他米松磷酸钠、戊酸倍他米松、布地奈德、氯倍他松、丁酸氯倍他松、丙酸氯倍他松、氯泼尼醇、可的松、醋酸可的松、可的伐唑、脱氧皮质酮、地奈德、去羟米松、地塞米松、地塞米松磷酸钠、异烟酸地塞米松、二氟可龙、氟氯缩松、氟米松、氟尼缩松、氟轻松(fluocinolone)、肤轻松(fluocinolone acetonide)、醋酸肤轻松(fluocinonide)、福可定丁酯、氟可的松、氟可龙、氟可龙己酸酯、氟可龙新戊酸酯、氟米龙、氟泼尼定、醋酸氟泼尼定、氟氢缩松(flurandrenolone)、氟替卡松、氟替卡松丙酸酯、哈西奈德、氢化可的松、醋酸氢化可的松、丁酸氢化可的松、醋丙氢可的松、丁丙氢化可的松丁、戊酸氢化可的松、艾可米松(icomethasone)、醋丁艾可米松、甲泼尼松、甲基强的松龙、莫米松、帕拉米松、糠酸莫米松一水合物、泼尼卡酯、泼尼松龙、泼尼松、替可的松、特戊酸替可的松、曲安西龙、曲安奈德、曲安西龙醇和其各自药学上可接受的衍生物。可以使用类固醇的组合,例如本段落中提及的两种或更多种类固醇的组合。
(ii)TNF抑制剂,例如依那西普;单克隆抗体(例如英利昔单抗(Remicade))、阿达木单抗(Humira)、赛妥珠单抗pegol(Cimzia)、戈利木单抗(Simponi));融合蛋白(例如依那西普(Enbrel));和5-HT2A拮抗剂(例如2,5-二甲氧基-4-碘安非他明、TCB-2、麦角酸二乙胺(LSD)、麦角酸dimethylazetidide);
(iii)抗炎药,例如非类固醇抗炎药;
(iv)二氢叶酸还原酶抑制剂/抗叶酸剂,例如氨甲蝶呤、甲氧苄氨嘧啶、溴莫普林、四氧普林、拉普林、培美曲塞、ralitrexed和普拉曲沙;和
(v)免疫抑制剂,例如环孢菌素、他克莫司、西罗莫司、吡美莫司、血管紧张素II抑制剂(比如,缬沙坦、替米沙坦、洛沙坦、厄贝沙坦、阿齐沙坦、奥美沙坦、坎地沙坦、依普沙坦)和ACE抑制剂,比如含巯基的剂(比如,卡托普利、佐芬普利)、含二羧酸的剂(比如,依那普利、雷米普利、喹那普利、培哚普利、赖诺普利、贝那普利、咪达普利、佐芬普利、群多普利)、含磷酸的剂(比如,福辛普利)、酪激肽(casokinin)、乳激肽(lactokinin)和乳三肽(lactotripeptide)。
此类的联合治疗可以通过治疗的单独组分的同时、相继或分开的给药的方式实现。此类组合产品采用在上文中描述的治疗有效剂量范围内的本发明的化合物和在其被批准的剂量范围内的其他的药学活性剂。
本发明的化合物可以以单一晶形存在或以晶形的混合物存在,或者其可以是无定形的。因此,用于制药用途的本发明的化合物可以作为晶体产品或无定形产品被施用。其可以例如通过诸如沉淀、结晶、冷冻干燥或喷雾干燥或蒸发干燥的方法作为实心栓、粉末或薄膜获得。微波干燥或射频干燥(radio frequency drying)可以用于该目的。
对于上文提及的本发明的化合物,施用的剂量当然将随着采用的化合物、施用的方式、期望的治疗和适用的紊乱而变化。例如,如果本发明的化合物被口服施用,那么本发明的化合物的日剂量可以在从0.01微克/千克体重(μg/kg)至100毫克/千克体重(mg/kg)的范围内。
本发明的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐可以被独立地使用,但通常将呈药物组合物的形式被施用,其中本发明的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐与药学上可接受的佐剂、稀释剂或载体联合。合适的药物制剂的选择和制备的常规程序在例如“Pharmaceuticals-TheScience of Dosage Form Designs”,M.E.Aulton,Churchill Livingstone,1988中描述。
取决于本发明的化合物的施用的方式,被用于施用本发明的化合物的药物组合物将优选地包含从0.05%w至99%w(按重量计百分比)的本发明的化合物,更优选地从0.05%w至80%w的本发明的化合物,还更优选地从0.10%w至70%w的本发明化合物,并且甚至更优选地从0.10%w至50%w的本发明化合物,所有按重量计的百分比基于总组合物。
药物组合物可以呈例如乳霜、凝胶、洗剂、溶液、悬浮液的形式被局部地施用(例如至皮肤);或例如呈片剂、胶囊剂、糖浆剂、粉剂或颗粒的形式通过口服施用,或呈用于注射(包括静脉注射、皮下注射、肌内注射、血管内注射或输液)的无菌溶液、悬浮液或乳剂的形式通过肠胃外施用;呈栓剂的形式通过直肠施用;或呈气雾剂的形式通过吸入来系统地施用。
对于口服施用,本发明的化合物可以与佐剂或载体例如乳糖、蔗糖、山梨醇、甘露醇;淀粉例如马铃薯淀粉、玉米淀粉或支链淀粉;纤维素衍生物;粘合剂例如明胶或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮;和/或润滑剂例如硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸钙、聚乙二醇、蜡、石蜡及类似物混合,并且然后压缩成片剂。如果需要包衣片剂,则如上文描述制备的核可以用浓缩的糖溶液来包衣,所述浓缩的糖溶液可以包含例如阿拉伯树胶、明胶、滑石和二氧化钛。可选择地,片剂可以用溶解于容易挥发的有机溶剂中的合适的聚合物来包衣。
为了制备软明胶胶囊,本发明的化合物可以与例如植物油或聚乙二醇混合。硬明胶胶囊可以包含使用上文提及的用于片剂的赋形剂的化合物的颗粒。本发明的化合物的液体制剂或半固体制剂也可以被填充到硬明胶胶囊中。用于口服应用的液体制剂可以呈糖浆剂或悬浮液的形式,例如,包含本发明的化合物的溶液,差额(balance)是糖以及乙醇、水、甘油和丙二醇的混合物。任选地,这样的液体制剂可以包含着色剂、调味剂、甜味剂(诸如糖精)、防腐剂和/或作为增稠剂的羧甲基纤维素或对本领域技术人员已知的其他赋形剂。
为了静脉内(肠胃外)施用,本发明的化合物可以作为无菌水溶液或无菌油性溶液来施用。
根据熟知的医药原理,本发明的化合物的用于治疗目的的剂量的大小将根据状况的性质和严重程度、动物或患者的年龄和性别以及施用的途径而自然地变化。
预计本发明的化合物的剂量水平、给药频率和治疗持续时间取决于制剂以及患者的临床适应证(clinical indication)、年龄和合并病症医药状况而不同。对于大多数临床适应证,预计用本发明的化合物治疗的标准持续时间在一天和七天之间变化。在复发性感染或与存在差的血液供应至其的组织或植入材料(包括骨头/关节、呼吸道、心内膜和牙齿组织)相关的感染的情况下,将治疗的持续时间延长超过七天可能是必需的。
贯穿本说明书的描述和权利要求,词语“包括”和“包含”及它们的变体意味着“包括但不限于”,并且它们不意图(并且不)排除其它部分、添加物、部件、整数或步骤。贯穿本说明书的描述和权利要求,单数涵盖复数,除非上下文另有要求。具体地,在使用不定冠词时,应理解本说明书预期多个以及单个,除非上下文另有要求。
结合本发明的特定方面、实施方案或实例所描述的特征、整数、特性、化合物、化学部分或基团应理解为可应用于本文所述的任何其它方面、实施方案或实例,除非与该方面、实施方案或实例不相容。在本说明书中公开的所有特征(包括任何附随的权利要求、摘要和附图)和/或这样公开的任何方法或过程的所有步骤可以以任何组合来组合,此类特征和/或步骤中的至少某些相互排斥的组合除外。本发明并不被任何前述实施方案的细节限制。本发明扩展至在本说明书中公开特征的任何新颖特征或任何新颖组合(包括任何附随的权利要求、摘要和附图),或这样公开的任何方法或过程的步骤的任何新颖的步骤或任何新颖的组合。
读者的注意被引导到与本说明书同时提交或在此之前提交的与本申请有关的、并且向公众开放供查阅的所有论文和文献,并且所有此类论文和文献的内容通过引用并入本文。
实施例和合成
溶剂、试剂和起始物料购自商业卖主并且除非另外描述,否则作为收到时的状态使用。除非另外声明,否则所有反应在室温下进行。使用Waters Acquity SQ Detector 2(ACQ-SQD2#LCA081)通过LCMS UV来进行化合物身份(identity)和纯度的确认。二极管阵列检测器波长是254nM并且MS是以正性的和负性的电喷射模式(m/z:150-800)。将2μL等份试样依次注射至保持在40℃下的保护柱(0.2μm x 2mm过滤器)和UPLC柱(C18,50x2.1mm,<2μm)上。将样品用包含A(在水中的0.1%(v/v)甲酸)和B(在乙腈中的0.1%(v/v)甲酸)的流动相体系以0.6mL/min的流速根据以下表1中概述的梯度来洗脱。保留时间RT以分钟来报告。
表1
还使用NMR来表征最终化合物。在Bruker AVIII 400Nanobay上用5mm BBFO探针来获得NMR光谱。任选地,测量二氧化硅薄层色谱法(TLC)板上的化合物Rf值。
通过二氧化硅上的快速柱色谱法或通过制备型LCMS来进行化合物纯化。使用Waters 3100Mass检测器以正性的或负性的电喷射模式(m/z:150-800)使用Waters2489UV/Vis检测器进行LCMS纯化。将样品用包括A(在水中的0.1%(v/v)甲酸)和B(在乙腈中的0.1%(v/v)甲酸)的流动相体系在XBridgeTM制备型C185μM OBD 19x100mm柱上以20mL/min的流速根据以下表2中概述的梯度来洗脱。
时间(min) | %A | %B |
0 | 90 | 10 |
1.5 | 90 | 10 |
11.7 | 5 | 95 |
13.7 | 5 | 95 |
14 | 90 | 90 |
15 | 90 | 90 |
表2
使用Dotmatics Scientific Software的Elemental Structure to NameConversion来生成此文件中的化学名称。起始物料购自商业来源或根据文献程序来合成。
本发明的化合物可以用以下反应路线类似地来合成。
一般方案1
联芳基α-氯乙酰胺:合成A
联芳基α-氯乙酰胺:合成B
在上文示出的一般方案1中的步骤可以以上文示出的顺序或以不同的顺序来进行。例如,如本领域技术人员将理解的,Suzuki偶联可以在与联芳基α-氯乙酰胺等偶联之后进行。保护基可以根据需要存在或不存在。例如,氮原子可以被保护或不被保护。
中间体1:4-碘-1-三苯甲基-咪唑
将4-碘咪唑(5.38g,27.72mmol)溶解于THF(86mL)中。添加三苯甲基氯(8.5g,30.49mmol)和三乙胺(7.73mL,55.44mmol),并且将反应在70℃下加热。3h后,TLC显示反应已经完成。因此,允许反应混合物冷却至45℃,并且过滤以除去悬浮的白色固体。将滤液浓缩,再溶解于DCM(300mL)中并且用5wt%硫代硫酸钠水溶液(300mL)洗涤,用DCM(150mL)反萃取。将有机物合并,经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并且浓缩,以产生粗产物。将白色固体收集在EtOAc(300m1)中,并且加热至回流持续30分钟。将混合物冷却并且通过真空过滤获得固体。将白色固体在真空炉中干燥持续3小时,提供4-碘-1-三苯甲基-咪唑(6.721g,15.40mmol,55.57%收率)。
MS方法2:RT 2.08min,ES+m/z 459[M+Na]+
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ/ppm:7.35-7.40(m,10H),7.06-7.11(m,7H)。
中间体2:(1-三苯甲基咪唑-4-基)硼酸
在0℃向4-碘-1-三苯甲基-咪唑(3.00g,6.88mmol)的THF悬浮液(55mL)中缓慢添加异丙基氯化镁(8.6mL,17.19mmol),然后将澄清溶液留下搅拌持续10分钟。分批添加硼酸三甲基酯(3.83mL,34.38mmol)并且将反应混合物留下在0℃搅拌持续10分钟,然后允许达到室温并且搅拌持续另外的10分钟。然后添加1M HCl(30mL),并且将反应搅拌持续10分钟。通过将反应缓慢倾倒到NaHCO3溶液的饱和溶液(100mL)中将反应猝灭,然后用EtOAc(3x50mL)萃取。然后将合并的有机相在Na2SO4上干燥,并且真空浓缩,以给出作为米白色固体的粗产物(1-三苯甲基咪唑-4-基)硼酸(2.53g,7.15mmol,103.92%收率)。
MS方法2:RT 1.47min,ES+m/z 355[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ/ppm:7.20-7.45(m,10H),6.95-7.10(m,7H)。
中间体3:4-(1-三苯甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基)-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶
将4-碘-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶(0.03mL,3.27mmol)、(1-三苯甲基咪唑-4-基)硼酸(1.01g,2.98mmol)、碳酸钾(822.53mg,5.95mmol)添加至具有1,4-二噁烷(12mL)和水(4mL)的微波小瓶中(所有反应物在两个微波小瓶之间相等地分开),并且将烧瓶用氮气冲洗持续10分钟。添加[1,1-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]钯(II)氯化物二氯甲烷络合物(121.50mg,0.15mmol),然后将烧瓶用氮气再次冲洗持续另外的5min。将反应在微波辐照下在100℃下加热持续1小时。尽管还留下初始物料,但是看到产物。用热的方法将反应加热至100℃持续另外的一小时,然而反应不再有任何另外的进展。将反应浓缩并且然后在水和EtOAc之间分配。将有机层用水和盐水洗涤,然后将有机层经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并且浓缩。快速柱色谱(SiO2,在庚烷中的0-50%EtOAc)给出4-(1-三苯甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基)-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶(512mg,1.12mmol,37.7%收率)。
MS方法2:RT 2.16min,ES+m/z 456[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:8.64-8.68(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),8.00(s,1H),7.79-7.81(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.59(s,1H),7.38-7.42(m,10H),7.18-7.28(m,6H)。
联芳基α-氯乙酰胺:合成A-第1步
中间体4:5-嘧啶-5基吡啶-2-胺
用2-氨基吡啶-5-硼酸频哪醇酯(0.95g,4.3mmol)、5-溴嘧啶(600mg,3.77mmol)、碳酸钠(1.20g,11.32mmol)、甲苯(5mL)、水(5mL)、乙醇(5mL)装载带有搅拌棒的微波小瓶,并且脱气持续10分钟。然后添加四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(436mg,0.38mmol)并且将小管密封然后在100℃辐照持续1hr。分析显示完成,因此将反应混合物浓缩至干燥,然后将残留物悬浮于DCM中,并且然后添加1M盐酸水溶液。将相分离,并且使用10%NaOH水溶液碱化水相直至pH-12。将水层用EtOAc再次萃取若干次,经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并且浓缩。将得到的固体用乙醚研磨,并且然后过滤,给出作为粉色粉末5-嘧啶-5-基吡啶-2-胺(355mg,1.65mmol,43.702%收率)。
MS方法2:RT 0.36min,ES+m/z 173[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD)δ/ppm:9.07-9.09(s,1H),9.00-9.02(s,2H),8.28-8.38(dd,J=2.5,0.7Hz,1H),7.84-7.87(dd,J=8.8,2.5Hz,1H),6.72-6.75((dd,J=8.8,0.7Hz,1H)。
联芳基α-氯乙酰胺:合成A-第2步
中间体5:2-氯-N-(5-嘧啶-5-基-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺
在室温下向5-嘧啶-5-基吡啶-2-胺(355mg,2.06mmol)、THF(1.5mL)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(0.72mL,4.12mmol)的粉色悬浮液中逐滴添加氯乙酰氯(0.16mL,2.06mmol)。悬浮液变成黑色并且发出大的放热。30min后的反应分析显示反应完成。将反应用甲醇稀释,并且然后浓缩。通过快速柱色谱(12g SiO2,在庚烷中的30-100%EtOAc,然后在EtOAc中的0-20%MeOH)将得到的残留物纯化,提供米白色/棕色固体2-氯-N-(5-嘧啶-5-基-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺(194mg,0.78mmol,37.84%收率)。
MS方法2:RT 1.10min,ES+m/z 249[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:9.29(s,1H),8.98(s,1H),8.93-8.97(bs,1H),8.58-8.60(dd,J=2.4,0.7Hz,1H),8.39-8.42(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.97-8.01(dd,J=8.7,2.4Hz,1H),4.27(s,2H)。
实施例1:N-(5-嘧啶-5-基-2-吡啶基)-2-[4-[2-(三氟甲基)-4-吡啶基]咪唑-1-基]乙酰胺
向圆底烧瓶中添加2-氯-N-(5-嘧啶-5-基-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺(64mg,0.26mmol)、DMF(2mL)和碳酸钾(71.14mg,0.5100mmol),向棕色悬浮液中添加4-(1H-咪唑-4-基)-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶(60.35mg,0.2800mmol),并且在RT下搅拌持续1小时,见到小量产物,将反应加热至50℃过夜。通过LCMS的分析显示反应完成。使反应在水和EtOAc之间分配。然后将有机层用盐水洗涤,浓缩并且然后溶解于8∶1∶1 DMSO∶水∶MeCN混合物(15mg/0.75ml)中,并且通过制备型LCMS纯化。
将得到的级分合并,浓缩并且在真空炉中干燥过夜,提供N-(5-嘧啶-5-基-2-吡啶基)-2-[4-[2-(三氟甲基)-4-吡啶基]咪唑-1-基]乙酰胺(29.9mg,0.07mmol,27.31%收率)。
MS方法1:RT:2.85min,ES+m/z 426.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ/ppm:11.20(s,1H),9.22(s,2H),9.21(s,1H),8.85-8.87(dd,J=2.4,0.6Hz,1H),8.69-8.71(d,J=5.1,1H),8.29-8.33(dd,J=8.7,2.4,1H),8.16-8.19(m,3H),7.99-8.22(dd,J=5.1,1.0Hz,1H),7.88-7.90(d,J=1.0Hz,1H),5.14(s,2H)。
联芳基α-氯乙酰胺:合成B-第1步
中间体6:2-(5-硝基-2-吡啶基)吡嗪
向微波小瓶中添加2-溴-5-硝基吡啶(800mg,3.94mmol)、三苯基膦(103.37mg,0.39mmol)、(三丁基甲锡烷基)-吡嗪(1.00mL,3.17mmol)和甲苯(8mL),将反应混合物用氮气脱气持续10分钟,然后添加乙酸钯(II)(88.48mg,0.39mmol)。再次将反应脱气,并且然后在微波中在130℃下加热持续2小时。使反应在水和EtOAc之间分配,将有机层用水和盐水洗涤若干次。将有机层经硫酸钠干燥、过滤并且浓缩。将得到的残留物收集在DCM中并且过滤以除去固体。通过快速柱色谱(40g SiO2,用在庚烷中的0-70%EtOAc洗脱)将从滤液的浓缩中得到的残留物纯化。将级分23-33合并并且浓缩。
然后将橙色固体用EtOH研磨,提供2-(5-硝基-2-吡啶基)吡嗪(114mg,0.5639mmol,17.79%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.38min,ES-m/z 202.9[M-H]-
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ/ppm:9.61-9.63(d,J=1.4Hz,1H),9.51-9.56(m,1H),8.76-8.89(m,3H),8.58-8.62(dd,J=8.8,0.7Hz,1H)。
联芳基α-氯乙酰胺:合成B-第2步
中间体7:6-吡嗪-2基吡啶-3-胺
用2-(5-硝基-2-吡啶基)吡嗪(114mg,0.56mmol)和甲醇(5.64mL)装载圆底烧瓶。将混合物用氮气吹扫并且排空(evacuate),向反应中添加在碳粉(60.02mg)上的10wt%的湿润的钯,并且再次将体系吹扫并且排空。然后,添加氢气球并且使反应在室温下搅拌过夜。通过LCMS的分析显示部分氢化,重复以上程序,并且与更多氢气一起添加碳粉上的10wt%的湿润的钯(60.02mg),并且在室温下搅拌过夜。通过LCMS的分析显示反应完成。将混合物过滤通过硅藻土,并且将滤液直接装载到填装甲醇的SCX套筒上。将套筒用甲醇(3CV)和在甲醇(3CV)中的1M氨洗涤。然后将氨冲洗物浓缩,尝试对产物进行乙醇研磨,但是这未能清洗产物,得到粗的6-吡嗪-2-基吡啶-3-胺(113mg,0.66mmol,116%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:0.45 min,ES+m/z 173.2[M+H]+
联芳基α-氯乙酰胺:合成B-第3步
中间体8:2-氯-N-(6-吡嗪-2-基-3-吡啶基)乙酰胺
在0℃下向6-吡嗪-2-基吡啶-3-胺(113mg,0.66mmol)、THF(2.19mL)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(0.23mL,1.31mmol)的橙色悬浮液中逐滴添加氯乙酰氯(0.05mL,0.66mmol),并且然后允许达到室温。悬浮液变成黑色并且发出大的放热。然后将反应浓缩。通过快速柱色谱(12g SiO2,0-100%EtOAc然后在EtOAc中的0-20%MeOH)将得到的残留物纯化。将级分23-28合并并且浓缩,以给出棕色固体2-氯-N-(6-吡嗪-2-基-3-吡啶基)乙酰胺(60mg,0.24mmol,36.76%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.19min,ES+m/z 249.0[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD)δ/ppm:9.50-9.51(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),8.91-8.92(m,1H),8.68-8.70(dd,J=2.6,1.5Hz,1H),8.59-8.61(d,J=2.6Hz,1H),8.38-8.42(m,1H),8.27-8.31(dd,J=8.7,2.7Hz,1H),4.88(s,2H)。
实施例2:N-(6-吡嗪-2-基-3-吡啶基)-2-[4-[2-(三氟甲基)-4-吡啶基]咪唑-1-基]乙酰胺
向圆底烧瓶中添加2-氯-N-(6-吡嗪-2-基-3-吡啶基)乙酰胺(60mg,0.24mmol)、DMF(2mL)和碳酸钾(66.7mg,0.48mmol),向棕色悬浮液中添加4-(1H-咪唑-4-基)-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶(56.58mg,0.27mmol),并且将反应加热至50℃持续3小时。通过TLC的分析显示,存在小量起始物料并且主要是产物。将反应冷却并且用EtOAc和水稀释。将有机层用水洗涤若干次。然后将有机层经硫酸钠干燥、过滤并且浓缩。通过制备型LCMS将得到的黄色残留物纯化。将得到的级分装载到填装MeOH的SCX套筒上,将套筒用甲醇(3CV)洗脱,并且然后用在甲醇中的1M氨洗脱,然后将氨冲洗物浓缩并分析,但是产物仍然未足够清洁。使得到的固体从EtOH中重结晶。将得到的固体在真空炉中在40℃下干燥过夜,产生N-(6-吡嗪-2-基-3-吡啶基)-2-[4-[2-(三氟甲基)-4-吡啶基]咪唑-1-基]乙酰胺(19.7mg,0.046mmol,19.19%收率)。
MS方法1:RT:3.05min,ES+m/z 426.2[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ/ppm:108.86-10.91(bs,1H),9.49-9.50(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),8.92-8.94(m,1H),8.67-8.73(m,3H),8.35-8.38(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),8.25-8.28(dd,J=8.7,2.6Hz,1H),8.16-8.19(m,2H),7.99-8.02(m,1H),7.89-7.90(d,J=1.0Hz,1H),5.11(s,2H)。
实施例3
以类似的方式使用联芳基α-氯乙酰胺合成A,改变所使用的芳基卤化物和/或芳基硼酸酯,来制备以下化合物。
一般方案2
单芳基α-氯乙酰胺:合成A
在上文示出的一般方案2中的步骤可以以上文示出的顺序或以不同的顺序来进行。例如,如技术人员将理解的,Suzuki偶联可以在与单芳基α-氯乙酰胺偶联之后进行。保护基团可以根据需要存在或不存在。例如,氮原子可以被保护或不被保护。
中间体9:4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶
用1,4-二噁烷(10mL)和水(3mL)装载微波小瓶,将其用氮气脱气持续~10min。向其中添加4-碘-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶(500mg,1.83mmol)、4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二噁硼烷-2-基)-1H-吡唑-1-羧酸叔丁酯(808mg,2.75mmol)和碳酸钾(506mg,3.66mmol),随后添加[1,1′-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]钯(II)氯化物二氯甲烷络合物(149mg,0.1800mmol)。然后将容器密封,用氮气冲洗,并且在110℃下辐照持续1小时。之后的LC-MS显示转化成脱保护的产物,并且无剩余的起始物料,因此反应已完成(worked up)。
将反应混合物浓缩至干燥然后收集在MeOH中。将其装载到5g SCX套筒上,并且洗涤通过~10CV的MeOH。然后将产物用在MeOH(~5CV)中的1M氨洗脱。然后将氨洗涤物浓缩至干燥,但是没有产生期望的产物。然后将MeOH洗涤物浓缩至干燥,并且将剩余的残留物用氯仿研磨。将得到的悬浮液进行声处理,并且然后过滤,用少量氯仿洗涤,提供作为米黄色固体的4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶(384mg,1.80mmol,98.35%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.30min,ES+m/z 214.0[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD)δ/ppm:8.66(s,1H),8.34-8.38(m,2H),8.08(s,1H),7.89-7.92(m,1H)。
实施例4:N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)-2-[4-[2-(三氟甲基)-4-吡啶基]吡唑-1-基]乙酰胺
用悬浮于DMF(1mL)中的2-氯-N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶)乙酰胺(50mg,0.20mmol)、4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶(64mg,0.30mmol)和碳酸钾(55mg,0.40mmol)装载小瓶。然后将容器密封,用氮气冲洗,并且留下在室温下搅拌过夜。之后的LC-MS显示起始物料完全消耗,并且显示与期望的产物对应的新的峰。
将反应混合物用EtOAc稀释并且用水洗涤。然后将水层用EtOAc(x2)萃取。然后将有机物合并、用盐水洗涤、经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并且浓缩至干燥,提供米白色固体。通过快速柱色谱进行纯化(12g SiO2,用在庚烷中的50-100%EtOAc洗脱)。将包含产物的级分合并,并且浓缩至干燥,提供白色固体。LC-MS显示期望的产物,通过制备型LCMS进一步对固体纯化,将级分合并并且浓缩至干燥,并且在真空炉中进一步干燥过夜,给出作为白色固体的N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)-2-[4-[2-(三氟甲基)-4-吡啶基]吡唑-1-基]乙酰胺(10mg,0.024mmol,11.69%收率)。
MS方法1:RT:3.27min,ES+m/z 426.2[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ/ppm:11.16-11.22(bs,1H),9.31-9.33(d,J=1.4Hz,1H),9.14-9.16(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),8.64-8.74(m,4H),8.54-8.58(dd,J=8.6,2.4Hz,1H),8.31(s,1H),8.17-8.21(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),8.14(s,1H),7.92-7.95(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),5.24(s,2H)。
实施例5:N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)-2-[4-[2-(甲基)-4-吡啶基]吡唑-1-基]乙酰胺以类似的方式制备
MS方法1:RT:2.09min,ES+m/z 372.2[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ/ppm:9.31-9.33(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),9.13-9.15(dd,J=,2.5,1.7Hz,1H),8.72-8.74(m,1H),8.64-8.65(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),8.54-8.57(dd,J-8.7,2.4Hz,1H),8.42-8.43(d,J=0.7Hz,1H),8.37-8.39(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),8.17-8.2(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),8.10-8.11(d,J=0.7Hz,1H),7.47-7.51(bs,1H),7.38-7.41(dd,J=5.1,1.2Hz,1H),5.25(s,2H).2.5(s,3H)。
实施例6
以下化合物使用一般方案2改变吡唑硼酸酯和芳基卤化物上的取代来制备。以类似的方式使用联芳基α-氯乙酰胺合成A的方法,改变使用的芳基卤化物和/或芳基/乙烯基硼酸酯,来制备用于最后步骤的偶联配对物。
单芳基α-氯乙酰胺:合成A-第1步
中间体10:4-(6-硝基-3-吡啶基)-哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯
用悬浮于DMSO(15mL)中的5-氯-2-硝基吡啶(1g,6.31mmol)、1-boc-哌嗪(1.29g,6.94mmol)和碳酸钾(3.3mL,18.92mmol)装载微波小瓶。将得到的混合物在100℃下辐照持续1小时。之后,混合物凝固。LC-MS显示反应尚未完成。然后将固体混合物与DMSO(5mL)一起转移至烧瓶,并且加热至110℃,在该温度点固体混合物融化。将其留下加热过夜,之后LC-MS显示产物形成并且无起始物料。允许反应冷却。然后将反应混合物添加到水中,并且用EtOAc(x3)萃取。然后将有机物合并、用盐水洗涤、经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并且浓缩至干燥,提供橙色固体。然后通过快速柱色谱进行纯化(40g SiO2,用在庚烷中的0-50%EtOAc洗脱)。将包含产物的级分合并并且浓缩至干燥,提供作为亮橙色/黄色固体的4-(6-硝基-3-吡啶基)哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯(1.24g,4.02mmol,63.81%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.61min,ES+m/z 309.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:8.10-8.13(d,J=9.1Hz,1H),8.06-8.07(d,J=3.0Hz,1H),7.12-7.16(dd,J=9.2,3.0Hz,1H),3.55-3.59(m,4H),3.36-3.41(m,4H),1.42(s,9H)。
单芳基α-氯乙酰胺:合成A-第2步
中间体11:4-(6-氨基吡啶-3-基)哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯
用溶解于甲醇(100mL)中的4-(6-硝基吡啶-3-基)哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯(1g,4mmol)装载烧瓶。然后通过排空将得到的溶液脱气,并且将容器用氮气回填(重复两次)。然后一次性添加碳粉上的10wt%的干燥的钯(42mg,0.40mmol),并且将体系关闭,并且再次排空,用氢气回填(重复两次)。将其留下在室温下搅拌。4小时后,LC-MS显示,反应大部分完成,因此将体系排空并且用氮气回填(重复两次),将溶液过滤通过硅藻土,并且将滤液浓缩至干燥,提供棕色油状固体4-(6-氨基吡啶-3-基)哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯(800mg,3.63mmol,90.88%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.22min,ES+m/z 279.2[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:7.70-7.71(d,J=3.1Hz,1H),7.08-7.11(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.40-6.43(dd,J=8.0,3.1Hz,1H),4.11-4.15(bs,2H),3.50-3.54(m,4H),2.86-2.89(m,4H),1.42(s,9H)。
单芳基α-氯乙酰胺:合成A-第3步
中间体12:4-[6-[(2-氯乙酰基)氨基]-3-吡啶基]哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯
用悬浮于1,4-二噁烷(5mL)中的4-(6-氨基-3-吡啶基)哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯(360mg,1.29mmol)和碳酸钾(357.5mg,2.59mmol)装载烧瓶。一旦有机组分已经溶解,将容器放在氮气气氛下,并且在室温下将氯乙酰氯(0.15mL,1.94mmol)添加到搅拌的溶液中。将其留下搅拌过夜。之后的LC-MS显示转化为期望的产物,以及对应于起始物料的峰,但是在略低的保留时间处出现。添加另外当量的酰基氯,并且将反应留下在室温下搅拌持续另一小时。将甲醇添加到反应混合物中,以猝灭任何过量的酰基氯,并且将得到的混合物浓缩至干燥。然后使残留物在水和EtOAc之间分配。然后分层,并且将有机物用水然后用盐水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并且浓缩至干燥,提供深紫色固体。通过快速柱色谱进行进一步纯化(25g SiO2,用在庚烷中的50-60%EtOAc洗脱)。将收集的级分合并并且浓缩至干燥,提供作为粉色/紫色固体的4-[6-[(2-氯乙酰基)氨基]-3-吡啶基]哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯(265mg,0.75mmol,57.74%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.57min,ES+m/z 355.9[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:8.61(s,1H)7.97-8.02(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.90-7.92(d,J=2.6Hz,1H),7.20-7.25(dd,J=9.0,2.5Hz,1H),4.15(s,2H),3.51-3.55(m,4H),3.04-3.07(m,4H),1.42(s,9H)。
实施例7:4-[6-[[2-[4-[2-(三氟甲基)-4-吡啶基]咪唑-1-基]乙酰基]氨基]-3-吡啶基]哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯
用收集在DMF(1mL)中的4-[6-[(2-氯乙酰基)氨基]-3-吡啶基]哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯(40mg,0.11mmol)和碳酸钾(31.16mg,0.23mmol)装载小瓶。将溶液设置成搅拌并且然后添加4-(1H-咪唑-4-基)-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶(36.04mg,0.17mmol)。然后将小瓶密封,用氮气冲洗,并且留下在室温下搅拌整个周末。之后的LC-MS显示,转化为期望的产物,和一些剩余的(过量的)起始物料,因此反应已完成。
将反应混合物用水稀释并且用EtOAc(x2)萃取。然后将有机物合并、用盐水洗涤、经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并且浓缩至干燥,提供浅紫色残留物。将其干燥装载到硅胶上,并且通过快速柱色谱(12g SiO2,用在庚烷中的50-100%EtOAc洗脱)纯化。将级分合并,并且浓缩至干燥,提供白色固体。通过制备型LCMS进一步纯化,产生作为白色固体的4-[6-[[2-[4-[2-(三氟甲基)-4-吡啶基]咪唑-1-基]乙酰基]氨基]-3-吡啶基]哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯(18mg,0.034mmol,29.74%收率)。
MS方法1:RT:3.73min,ES+m/z 532.2[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)8/ppm:8.68-8.71(d,J=5.1Hz 1H)8.01-8.09(m,2H),7.81-7.95(m,2H),7.69(s,1H),7.58(s,1H),7.27-7.29(m,1H),4.85(s,2H),3.53-3.64(m,4H),3.08-3.14(m,4H),1.47(s,9H)。
实施例8
以类似的方式使用单芳基α-氯乙酰胺合成A,相应地改变非芳香族基团或(来自一般方案1或2的)芳基取代的吡唑或咪唑,来制备以下化合物:
一般方案3
中间体13:2-[(4-碘-5-甲基-咪唑-1-基)甲氧基]乙基-三甲基硅烷
向冷却至0℃的搅拌的4-碘-5-甲基-1H-咪唑(5g,24mmol)的THF溶液(100mL)中添加氢化钠(60%分散于矿物油中)(1.06g,26mmol),将得到的悬浮液在该温度下搅拌持续1hr。缓慢添加2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基甲基氯(4.25mL,24mmol),并且允许溶液升温到室温过夜。
添加另外的氢化钠(60%分散于矿物油中)(0.5eq),并且将溶液搅拌持续1.5hr。添加小量的水,然后将溶液真空浓缩。添加水和DCM,并且使溶液分配。将水层用另外的DCM(x2)洗涤,然后使合并的有机物通过分相器,并且真空浓缩至干燥,以提供深黄色油。将残留物溶解于DCM中,并且通过快速柱色谱(80g SiO2,在庚烷中的0-50%EtOAc)纯化。TLC仍显示在所有级分中两种结构异构体(regioisomer)在一起,因此将级分真空浓缩至干燥,以提供作为黄色油的主要为标题产物的1∶0.6比率的2-[(4-碘-5-甲基-咪唑-1-基)甲氧基]乙基-三甲基-硅烷和2-[(5-碘-4-甲基-咪唑-1-基)甲氧基]乙基-三甲基-硅烷。
MS方法2:RT:1.44min,ES+m/z 339.1[M+H]+和1.84min,ES+m/z 339.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:7.73(s,1H,次要的),7.49(s,1H,主要的),5.22(s,2H,两种结构异构体),3.40-3.50(m,2H,两种结构异构体),2.27(s,3H,主要的),2.26(s,3H,次要的),0.85-0.93(m,2H,两种结构异构体),0.03(s,9H,两种结构异构体)。
中间体14:三甲基-[2-[[5-甲基-4-[2-(三氟甲基)-4-吡啶基]咪唑-1-基]甲氧基]乙基]硅烷
将搅拌的2-[(5-碘-4-甲基-咪唑-1-基)甲氧基]乙基-三甲基-硅烷(1g,2.96mmol)和[2-(三氟甲基)-4-吡啶基]硼酸(847mg,4.43mmol)的乙二醇二甲醚(monoglyme)溶液(18mL)脱气,并且用N2(x3)回填。向其中添加在水中的磷酸钾(三碱式)(1.88g,8.87mmol)(9mL),随后是三环己基膦(166mg,0.59mmol)和三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0)(271mg,0.30mmol),然后将所得的溶液脱气并且用N2(x3)回填,然后加热至90℃,并且在该温度下搅拌过夜。允许溶液冷却至室温。将混合物过滤通过硅藻土垫,然后真空浓缩至干燥,以提供作为粘稠棕色油的粗产物。将残留物溶解于小量的DCM中,并且通过快速柱色谱(80g SiO2,在庚烷中的0-100%EtOAc)纯化。鉴定相似的级分,将其合并并且真空浓缩至干燥,以提供作为单一结构异构体并且一经静置就凝固的黄色油的三甲基-[2-[[5-甲基-4-[2-(三氟甲基)-4-吡啶基]咪唑-1-基]甲氧基]乙基]硅烷(478mg,1.34mmol,45%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.90min,ES+m/z 358.2[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:8.70-8.72(d,J=5.1Hz,1H)8.05(s,1H),7.76,7.80(dd,J=5.1,2.6Hz 1H),7.61(s,1H),5.29(s,2H),3.50-3.57(m,2H),2.27(s,3H,主要的),2.55(s,3H),0.90-0.96(m,2H),0.00(s,9H)。
中间体15:4-(5-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基)-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶
向搅拌的三甲基-[2-[[5-甲基-4-[2-(三氟甲基)-4-吡啶基]咪唑-1-基]甲氧基]乙基]硅烷(1.57g,4.4mmol)的DCM溶液(25mL)中添加三氟乙酸(16.mL,209mmol),并且将得到的溶液在RT下搅拌过夜。将溶液真空浓缩至干燥,然后溶解于MeOH中,并且装载到填装MeOH的10g SCX套筒上,用MeOH洗涤并且用1M NH3溶液洗脱。将氨MeOH溶液真空浓缩至干燥,以提供作为浅黄色粉末的4-(5-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基)-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶(950mg,4.18mmol,94%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.07min,ES+m/z 228.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD)δ/ppm:8.67-8.68(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),8.10(s,1H),7.88(s,1H),7.74(s,1H),2.57(s,3H)。
中间体16:2-氟-4-(5-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基)吡啶
以类似的方式制备2-氟-4-(5-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基)吡啶。
MS方法2:RT:0.72min,ES+m/z 178.0[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD)δ/ppm:8.18-8.20(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),7.73(s,1H),7.56-7.60(dt,J=1.7,5.6Hz,1H),7.29(s,1H),2.54(s,3H)。
中间体17:2-[5-甲基-4-[2-(三氟甲基)-4-吡啶基]咪唑-1-基]乙酸酯
在N2下向搅拌的4-(5-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基)-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶(950mg,4.18mmol)的MeCN溶液(30mL)中添加碳酸钾(1.73g,12.6mmol)和溴乙酸乙酯(0.56mL,5.02mmol),然后将得到的溶液加热至80℃,并且在该温度下搅拌持续1hr。允许溶液冷却至室温并搅拌过夜。过滤溶液,固体用MeCN洗涤,然后将滤液真空浓缩至干燥,以提供作为深黄色结晶固体的粗产物。将残留物溶解于DCM中,并且通过快速柱色谱(40g SiO2,在庚烷中的40-100%EtOAc)纯化。鉴定合适的级分,将其合并并且真空浓缩至干燥,以提供作为浅黄色结晶固体的2-[5-甲基-4-[2-(三氟甲基)-4-吡啶基]咪唑-1-基]乙酸乙酯(1.12g,3.57mmol,85%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.50min,ES+m/z 314.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:8.72-8.34(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),8.06(s,1H),7.79-7.80(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),7.58(s,1H),4.71(s,2H),4.29-4.34(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),2.36(s,3H)1.32-1.36(t,J=7.1Hz,3H)。
中间体18:2-[4-(2-氟-4-吡啶基)-5-甲基-咪唑-1-基]乙酸叔丁酯
用悬浮于丙酮(2.5mL)中的2-氟-4-(5-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基)吡啶(100mg,0.56mmol)和碳酸铯(276mg,0.85mmol)装载烧瓶。然后添加2-溴乙酸叔丁酯(0.09mL,0.62mmol),并且将反应加热至50℃持续1小时,然后冷却至室温。然后将反应混合物用更多的丙酮稀释,并且通过分相器。将滤饼用丙酮洗涤,并且然后将得到的滤液浓缩至干燥,给出作为黄色固体的2-[4-(2-氟-4-吡啶基)-5-甲基-咪唑-1-基]乙酸叔丁酯(160mg,0.55mmol,97%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.41min,ES+m/z 292.1[M+H]+
中间体19:2-[5-甲基-4-[2-(三氟甲基)-4-吡啶基]咪唑-1-基]乙酸
向搅拌的2-[5-甲基-4-[2-(三氟甲基)-4-吡啶基]咪唑-1-基]乙酸乙酯(1.12g,3.57mmol)的乙醇溶液(27mL)中添加在水(2.7mL)中的氢氧化锂(231mg,9.64mmol),然后将得到的溶液在室温下搅拌过夜。
LCMS指示完全转化为产物。将溶液真空浓缩至干燥,以提供作为米白色粉末的2-[5-甲基-4-[2-(三氟甲基)-4-吡啶基]咪唑-1-基]乙酸锂(1.04g,3.57mmol,99%收率)。物料原样用在下一步中。
MS方法2:RT:1.09min,ES+m/z 286.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ/ppm:8.65-8.67(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),8.05(s,1H),7.86-7.89(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),7.60(s,1H),4.19(s,2H),2.36(s,3H)。
中间体20:2-[4-(2-氟-4-吡啶基)-5-甲基-咪唑-1-基]乙酸
用被收集在氯化氢(4M在二噁烷中)(3mL,12mmol)中的2-[4-(2-氟-4-吡啶基)-5-甲基-咪唑-1-基]乙酸叔丁酯(160mg,0.55mmol)装载烧瓶。然后将反应混合物留下在室温下搅拌过夜。之后沉淀已经形成。将反应浓缩至干燥,给出作为黄色固体的在空气中静置之后变更深的2-[4-(2-氟-4-吡啶基)-5-甲基-咪唑-1-基]乙酸(150mg,0.6377mmol,116.12%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:0.67min,ES+m/z 236.0[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD)δ/ppm:9.17(s,1H),8.42-8.44(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),7.56-7.58(dt,J=1.7,5.2Hz,1H),7.36(s,1H),5.24(s,2H),2.52(s,3H)。
中间体21:5-吡嗪-2基吡啶-2-胺
以与对于联芳基α-氯乙酰胺合成A-第1步中的中间体4所描述的方式类似的方式制备5-吡嗪-2-基吡啶-2-胺。
MS方法2:RT:0.42min,ES+m/z 173.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ/ppm:9.11-9.22(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),8.72-8.73(dd,J=0.4,1.6Hz,1H),8.59-8.60(dd,J=1.6,2.4Hz,1H),8.45-8.61(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),8.10-8.13(dd,J=2.4,8.4Hz,1H),6.55-6.57(dd,J=0.8,8.8Hz,1H),6.41-6.44(bs,2H)。
实施例9:2-[5-甲基-4-[2-(三氟甲基)-4-吡啶基]咪唑-1-基]-N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺
向搅拌的2-[5-甲基-4-[2-(三氟甲基)-4-吡啶基]咪唑-1-基]乙酸锂(1.04g,3.57mmol)和5-吡嗪-2-基吡啶-2-胺(738mg,4.29mmol)的THF溶液(35mL)中添加N,N-二异丙基乙胺(1.56mL,8.93mmol)和丙基膦酸酸酐(6.38mL,10.7mmol),并且将得到的溶液加热至70℃。通过LCMS监测反应,并且2小时后添加另外的丙基膦酸酸酐(2.13mL,3.57mmol)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(0.6mL),允许溶液冷却至室温并且搅拌整个周末。
将溶液用水和EtOAc稀释,并且分配。将水相用EtOAc(x2)稀释,然后将合并的有机物用盐水洗涤。将产物沉淀,并且通过过滤分离,并且装载到填装MeOH的10g SCX套筒上,用MeOH洗涤并且用1M NH3MeOH溶液洗脱。将氨甲醇溶液真空浓缩至干燥,以提供米白色固体,然后将米白色固体在真空炉中干燥持续2hrs。将有机物与滤液分离,干燥(硫酸钠),过滤并且真空浓缩至干燥,以提供包含~95%纯度的产物的浅棕色泡沫。将其溶解于DCM中,并且通过快速柱色谱(25g SiO2,在庚烷中的70-100%EtOAc,然后0-5%MeOH/EtOAc)纯化。将合适的级分合并,并且真空浓缩至干燥,以提供米白色固体。将固体合并,以给出作为米白色固体的2-[5-甲基-4-[2-(三氟甲基)-4-吡啶基]咪唑-1-基]-N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺(1.22g,2.77mmol,78%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.45min,ES+m/z 440.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ/ppm:11.27(bs,1H),9.32-9.33(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),8.70-8.75(m,2H),8.64-8.65(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),8.54-8.58(dd,J=2.4,8.8Hz,1H),8.17-8.19(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),8.09(s,1H),7.92-7.94(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),7.85(s,1H),5.12(s,2H),2.45(s,3H)。
实施例9的化合物还可以通过一般方案1中概述的程序制备。
实施例10:2-[4-(2-氟-4-吡啶基)-5-甲基-咪唑-1-基]-N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺
用收集在干THF(2.5mL)中的2-[4-(2-氟-4-吡啶基)-5-甲基-咪唑-1-基]乙酸(125mg,0.53mmol)和5-吡嗪-2-基吡啶-2-胺(110mg,0.64mmol)装载烧瓶。然后添加N,N-二异丙基乙胺(0.46mL,2.66mmol),随后添加丙基膦酸酸酐(0.63mL,1.06mmol)。然后将得到的混合物加热至回流持续2小时,然后允许其冷却至室温。将反应混合物浓缩至干燥,给出棕色油。然后将其干燥装载到硅胶上,并且通过快速色谱(12g SiO2,用在EtOAc中的0-10%MeOH洗脱)纯化。将包含期望的化合物的级分合并并且浓缩至干燥,给出米白色固体。然后将其干燥装载到硅藻土上,并且通过反相色谱(12g C-18柱,用在水中的5-40%MeCN+0.1%甲酸添加物洗脱)进一步纯化。将包含期望的化合物的级分合并,并且浓缩至干燥,给出作为白色固体的2-[4-(2-氟-4-吡啶基)-5-甲基-咪唑-1-基]-N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺(86mg,0.22mmol,41%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.20min,ES+m/z 390.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ/ppm:11.26(bs,1H),9.32-9.33(d,J=1.4Hz,1H),9.14-9.15(d,J=1.8Hz 1H)8.72-8.74(m,1H),8.64-8.65(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),8.54-8.57(dd,J=2.4,8.8Hz),8.17-8.21(m,2H),7.81(s,1H),7.61-7.63(m,1H),7.32(m,1H),5.09(s,2H),2.42(s,3H)。
实施例11
遵循一般路线3,改变碘代咪唑和芳基硼酸酯上的取代,与实施例9和实施例10类似地来制备以下化合物。使用联芳基α-氯乙酰胺合成A的方法,改变所使用的芳基卤化物和/或芳基硼酸酯,来制备用于最后步骤的偶联配对物。
一般方案4
根据如一般方案2中所示例的之前描述的方法,改变吡唑硼酸酯和芳基卤化物上的取代,来制备芳基吡唑起始物料。使用联芳基α-氯乙酰胺合成A的方法,改变所使用的芳基卤化物和/或芳基硼酸酯,来制备用于最后步骤的偶联配对物。
中间体22:2-[4-(2-环戊基吡唑-3-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]乙酸酯
将溴乙酸乙酯(0.02mL,0.17mmol)、4-(2-环戊基吡唑-3-基)-3,5-二甲基-1H-吡唑(35.7mg,0.16mmol)和碳酸铯(95.3mg,0.47mmol)添加至丙酮(4mL)中,形成悬浮液。然后将烧瓶加热至回流并且留下搅拌过夜。
将沉淀滤去,将滤液蒸发至干燥。将残留物溶解于EtOAc中,并且经硫酸钠干燥。将溶剂蒸发,提供作为黄色油的2-[4-(2-环戊基吡唑-3-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]乙酸乙酯(51.2mg,0.16mmol,100%收率)。使用产物,而没有任何进一步的纯化。
MS方法2:RT:1.71 min,ES+m/z 317.0[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:7.43(s,1H),7.73(s,1H),6.25(s,1H),4.81(s,2H),4.65-4.67(m,1H),4.21-4.25(q,J=6.9Hz,2H),2.39(s,3H),2.36(s,3H),2.04-2.18(m,4H),1.85-1.91(m,2H),1.66-1.71(m,2H),1.21-1.24(t,J=6.9Hz,3H)。
中间体23:2-[4-(2-环戊基吡唑-3-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]乙酸
将2-[4-(2-环戊基吡唑-3-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]乙酸乙酯(51.2mg,0.16mmol)溶解于乙醇(3mL)中,添加在水中的氢氧化锂(10.46mg,0.44mmol)(0.30mL),并且将反应在RT下搅拌持续1h。通过使用1M HCl溶液将混合物酸化。将溶剂蒸发。将残留物收集在EtOAc中并且用盐水洗涤。将有机相分离,并且经Na2SO4干燥。蒸发溶剂,提供作为静置后结晶的黄色油的2-[4-(2-环戊基吡唑-3-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]乙酸(40.4mg,0.14mmol,87%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.66min,ES+m/z 308.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:7.46(s,1H),6.24(s,1H),4.81(s,2H),4.66-4.69(m,1H),3.50-4.20(bs,1H),2.39(s,3H),2.37(s,3H),2.13-2..21(m,2H),2.00-2.10(m,2H),1.89-1.99(m,2H),1.66-1.71(m,2H)。
实施例12:2-[4-(2-环戊基吡唑-3-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]-N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺
将搅拌的2-[4-(2-环戊基吡唑-3-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]乙酸(40.4mg,0.14mmol)、5-吡嗪-2-基吡啶-2-胺(24.13mg,0.1400mmol)、丙基膦酸酸酐(0.13mL,0.2100mmol)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(0.06mL,0.35mmol)的THF溶液(5mL)加热至回流过夜。LCMS指示完全转化为产物。在真空中除去THF,然后将EtOAc和水添加至混合物中,并且将层分离。将有机层用水然后盐水洗涤,干燥,然后真空浓缩,以提供黄色胶,通过LC(在庚烷中的50-100%EtOAc)将黄色胶纯化,以提供2-[4-(2-环戊基吡唑-3-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]-N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺(5.9mg,0.01mmol,10%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.62min,ES+m/z 433.3[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ/ppm:11.03(s,1H),9.31-9.33(d,J=1.4Hz,1H),9.13-9.14(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),8.71-8.75(m,1H),8.62-8.43(d,J=1Hz,1H),8.53-8.57(dd,J=2.4,8.7Hz,1H),8.17-8.20(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.75-7.78(d,J=2.24Hz,1H),6.28-6.29(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),5.06(s,2H),4.66-4.75(q,J=6.7Hz,1H),2.38(s,3H),2.24(s,3H),1.91-2.13(m,4H),1.77-1.83(m,2H),1.62-1.69(m,2H)。
实施例13
另外的实施例遵循一般方案4改变吡唑硼酸酯和芳基卤化物上的取代来制备。使用联芳基α-氯乙酰胺合成A的方法,改变所使用的芳基卤化物和/或芳基硼酸酯,来制备用于最后步骤的偶联配对物。
一般方案5
中间体24:4-碘-3,5-二甲基-1-四氢吡喃-2-基-吡唑
向3,5-二甲基-4-碘-1H-吡唑(1.69g,7.61mmol)的DCM溶液(25mL)中添加3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃(1.04mL,11.4mmol)和对甲苯磺酸吡啶盐(383mg,1.52mmol)。将反应在40℃下搅拌过夜并且然后在室温下持续4天。将混合物用DCM(50ml)稀释,用饱和的NaHCO3水溶液(50ml)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且真空浓缩。通过快速柱色谱(40g SiO2,在庚烷中的0-30%EtOAc)将残留物纯化,以提供作为白色固体的4-碘-3,5-二甲基-1-四氢吡喃-2-基-吡唑(2.36g,7.7mmol,101.19%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.78min,ES+m/z 307.0[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:5.23-5.26(d,J=10.4Hz,1H),4.05-4.08(m,1H),3.62-3.69(m,1H),2.39-2.49(m,1H),2.35(s,3H),2.25(s,3H),2.09-2.14(m,1H)。1.88-1.94(m,1H),1.64-1.79(m,3H)。
中间体25:4-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-1-四氢吡喃-2-基-吡唑
用收集在DMF(18.7mL)中的4-碘-3,5-二甲基-1-四氢吡喃-2-基-吡唑(1.3g,4.25mmol)、碳酸铯(4.15g,12.7mmol)和3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-硼酸频哪醇酯(1.78g,8.49mmol)装载烧瓶。然后通过排空将得到的溶液脱气,并且将用氮气回填(重复两次)。
然后添加[1,1′-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]钯(II)氯二氯甲烷络合物(347mg,0.42mmol),将体系排空,并且再一次用氮气回填,然后将反应混合物加热高达80℃持续4小时。使反应混合物在EtOAc和水之间分配。将有机层用饱和的NaHCO3水溶液然后用盐水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并且浓缩至干燥,提供粘稠的棕色油。通过柱色谱(80g SiO2,用在庚烷中的20-60%EtOAc洗脱)将其纯化。将包含产物的级分合并并且浓缩至干燥,提供作为黄色油的4-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-1-四氢吡喃-2-基-吡唑(200mg,0.76mmol,18%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.46min,ES+m/z 263.5[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:5.51-5.58(m,1H),5.15-5.19(dd,J=2.4,10.4Hz,1H),4.26-4.30(q,J=2.7Hz,2H),4.04-4.10(m,1H),3.85-3.90(t,J=5.4Hz,2H),3.60-3.68(dt,J=2.4,11.6Hz,1H),2.42-2.54(m,1H),2.26-2.31(m,2H),2.24(s,3H),2.20(s,3H),2.05-2.12(m,1H),1.89-1.94(m,1H),1.62-1.76(m,2H),1.25-1.29(m,1H)。
中间体26:3,5-二甲基-1-四氢吡喃-2-基-4-四氢吡喃-4-基-吡唑
向圆底烧瓶中添加4-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-1-四氢吡喃-2-基-吡唑(100mg,0.38mmol)和甲醇(5mL)。将溶液用氮气吹扫并且排空若干次,然后添加碳粉上的10wt%的湿润的钯(81mg,0.08mmol),此后再次将体系吹扫和排空若干次。然后用氢气装填反应容器,并且剧烈搅拌过夜。将混合物经硅藻土垫过滤,用MeOH洗涤并且干燥,提供作为无色油的3,5-二甲基-1-四氢吡喃-2-基-4-四氢吡喃-4-基-吡唑(90mg,0.34mmol,90%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.41min,ES+m/z 265.0[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:5.15-5.19(dd,J=2.4,10.4Hz,1H),4.03-4.11(m,3H),3.60-3.68(dt,J=2.4,12.5Hz,1H),3.44-3.52(dt,J=2.0,12.5Hz,2H),2.61-2.68(tt,J=4.0,12.5Hz,1H),2.44-2.55(m,1H),2.29(s,3H),2.28(s,3H),2.05-2.12(m,1H),1.89-2.03(m,3H),1.52-1.79(m,5H)。
中间体27:4-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-1H-吡唑
向圆底烧瓶中添加4-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-1-四氢吡喃-2-基-吡唑(505mg,1.92mmol),并逐滴添加在二噁烷中的4M氯化氢(4.81mL,19.3mmol)。将反应在室温下搅拌整个周末。
通过添加饱和的NaHCO3将pH调整至碱性。将有机层分离,用盐水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥并且蒸发,提供黄色油。将得到的残留物装载到填装甲醇的SCX套筒上,并且用甲醇(3CV)和在甲醇(3CV)中的1M氨洗脱。然后将氨冲洗物浓缩,提供作为无色油的4-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-1H-吡唑(280mg,1.57mmol,82%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:0.96min,ES+m/z 179.0[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:5.55-5.62(m,1H),4.27-4.31(q,J=2.7Hz,2H),3.87-3.92(t,J=5.4Hz,2H),2.30-2.36(m,2H),2.52(s,6H)。
中间体28:4-四氢吡喃-4-基-1H-吡唑
将1-四氢吡喃-2-基-4-四氢吡喃-4-基-吡唑(120mg,0.51mmol)溶解于1,4-二噁烷(2mL),并且逐滴添加在二噁烷(1.27ml,5.09mmol)中的4M HCl。将反应在室温下搅拌过夜。通过添加饱和的NaHCO3将pH调整至碱性。将有机层用EtOAc萃取,分离,用盐水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥并且蒸发,提供不经任何进一步纯化就使用的作为白色固体的4-四氢吡喃-4-基-1H-吡唑(72.8mg,0.47mmol,94%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:0.88min,ES+m/z 181.0[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:4.04-4.12(m,2H),3.46-3.56(m,2H),2.63-2.72(tt,J=3.8,12.5Hz,1H),2.29(s,6H),1.90-2.01(m,2H),1.51-1.63(m,3H)。
中间体29:2-[4-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]乙酸
遵循对于一般方案4中中间体23的烷基化和水解作用所描述的两步程序,制备2-[4-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]乙酸。
MS方法2:RT:1.06min,ES+m/z 237.0[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:5.57-5.63(m,1H),4.77(s,2H),4.27-4.30(m,2H),3.86-3.92(m,2H),2.90-3.50(bs,1H),2.26-2.33(m,2H),2.22(s,3H),2.20(s,3H)。
中间体30:2-[4-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]丙酸乙酯
用悬浮于MeCN(5mL)中的4-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-1H-吡唑(150mg,0.84mmol)、2-溴丙酸乙酯(0.16mL,1.26mmol)和碳酸钾(345mg,2.52mmol)装载烧瓶。然后将烧瓶加热至回流并且留下搅拌过夜。之后,TCL分析显示SM被留下,因此再次添加2-溴丙酸乙酯(0.16mL,1.26mmol)并且将反应搅拌持续另外的24小时。将沉淀的固体滤除,并且用EtOAc洗涤。将滤液蒸发至干燥,提供通过快速柱色谱(12g SiO2,在庚烷中的20-100%EtOAc)纯化的黄色油。分离作为无色油的2-[4-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]丙酸乙酯(31mg,0.11mmol,13%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:5.50-5.58(m,1H),4.84-4.88(q,J=7.1Hz,1H),4.15-4.30(m,4H),3.86-3.92(m,2H),2.29-2.34(m,2H),2.20(s,3H),2.27(s,3H),1.81-1.82(d,J=7.1Hz,3H),1.19-1.25(q,J=6.2Hz,3H)。
中间体31:2-[4-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]丙酸
将2-[4-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]丙酸乙酯(31.2mg,0.11mmol)溶解于乙醇(5mL)中,添加在水中的氢氧化锂(6.71mg,0.28mmol)(0.20mL),并且将反应在RT下搅拌持续16h。蒸发溶剂,提供2-[4-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]丙酸。
MS方法2:RT:1.51min,ES+m/z 251.1[M+H]+
中间体32:2-[4-(1-叔-丁氧基羰基-3,6-二氢-2H-吡啶-4-基)吡唑-1-基]乙酸
遵循一般方案5中的步骤i-iv),从4-碘-1H-吡唑和N-Boc-1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶-4-硼酸频哪醇酯起始,制备2-[4-(1-叔-丁氧基羰基-3,6-二氢-2H-吡啶-4-基)吡唑-1-基]乙酸。
MS方法2:RT:1.66min,ES+m/z 308.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:7.63(s,1H),7.43(s,1H),5.84-5.95(bs,1H),5.04(s,2H),3.98-4.04(m,2H),3.55-3.63(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.34-2.40(m,2H),1.43-1.54(m,9H)。
实施例14:2-[4-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]-N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺
将搅拌的2-[4-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]乙酸(108mg,0.46mmol)、5-吡嗪-2-基吡啶-2-胺(103mg,0.60mmol)、丙基膦酸酸酐(0.55mL,0.92mmol)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(0.2mL,1.15mmol)的THF溶液(5mL)加热至回流并且搅拌持续2h。将THF真空除去以提供黄色胶,将黄色胶通过快速柱色谱纯化(12g SiO2,在庚烷中的50-100%EtOAc)以提供作为无色固体的2-[4-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]-N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺((45mg,0.12mmol,25%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.34min,ES+m/z 391.2[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ/ppm:11.05(s,1H),9.30-9.34(d,J=1.4Hz,1H),9.12-9.14(d,J=1.9Hz,1H),8.72-8.74(m,1H),8.63-8.65(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),8.53-8.57(dd,J=2.4,8.7Hz,1H),8.16-8.20(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),5.57(s,1H),5.00(s,2H),4.17-4.21(m,2H),3.77-3.82(t,J=5.6Hz,2H),2.24-2.39(m,2H),2.18(s,3H),2.09(s,3H)。
实施例15:2-[4-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]-N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)丙酰胺
将搅拌的2-[4-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]丙酸锂(29mg,0.11mmol)、5-吡嗪-2-基吡啶-2-胺(19mg,0.11mmol)、丙基膦酸酸酐(0.13mL,0.22mmol)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(0.05mL,0.28mmol)的THF溶液(5mL)加热至回流并且搅拌持续24h。之后,LC-MS显示未转化为期望的产物,因此添加丙基膦酸酸酐(0.26mL,0.44mmol)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(0.1mL,0.56mmol)和5-吡嗪-2-基吡啶-2-胺(19mg,0.1100mmol)。将反应搅拌持续另外的24h。将THF真空除去以提供黄色胶,将黄色胶通过快速柱色谱(4g SiO2,在庚烷中的50-100%EtOAc)、随后是反相制备型HPLC来纯化,提供作为白色固体的2-[4-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]-N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)丙酰胺(10.3mg,0.03mmol,22%收率)。
MS方法1:RT:3.28min,ES+m/z 405.3[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ/ppm:10.77(s,1H),9.29-9.32(d,J=1.4Hz,1H),9.09-9.11(d,J=1.9Hz,1H),8.71-8.75(m,1H),8.62-8.65(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),8.53-8.57(dd,J=2.4,8.7Hz,1H),8.19-8.24(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),5.57(s,1H),5.16-5.23(q,J=7Hz 1H),4.17-4.21(m,2H),3.76-3.8(t,J=5.9Hz,2H),2.22-2.37(m,2H),2.21(s,3H),2.12(s,3H),1.63-1.67(d,J=7Hz,3H)。
实施例16:4-[1-[2-氧代-2-[(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)氨基]乙基]吡唑-4-基]-3,6-二氢-2H-吡啶-1-羧酸叔丁酯
根据一般方案5的步骤v)使中间体32经历偶联,以形成4-[1-[2-氧代-2-[(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)氨基]乙基]吡唑-4-基]-3,6-二氢-2H-吡啶-1-羧酸叔丁酯。
MS方法1:RT:3.68min,ES+m/z 462.3[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ/ppm:11.06(s,1H),9.31-9.32(d,J=1.3Hz,1H),9.11-9.14(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),8.71-8.74(m,1H),8.63-8.65(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),8.52-8.57(1H,dd,J=2.4,8.8Hz,1H),8.15-8.21(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.84(s,1H),7.66(s,1H),5.94-5.99(bs,1H),5.11(s,2H),3.92-3.98(bs,2H),3.49-3.54(t,J=5.6Hz,2H),2.30-2.37(m,2H),1.42(s,9H)。
实施例17
还以类似的方式制备了以下实例。
实施例18:2-[3,5-二甲基-4-(1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶-4-基)吡唑-1-基]-N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺
将4-[3,5-二甲基-1-[2-氧代-2-[(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)氨基]乙基]吡唑-4-基]-3,6-二氢-2H-吡啶-1-羧酸叔丁酯(37.2mg,0.08mmol)溶解于DCM(5mL)中,并且逐滴添加三氟乙酸(0.58mL,7.6mmol)。将反应在室温下搅拌持续1小时。将混合物用饱和的NaHCO3和盐水洗涤。
将有机层经过硫酸钠干燥,并且真空蒸发,提供经分析为2-[3,5-二甲基-4-(1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶-4-基)吡唑-1-基]-N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺的浅黄色固体(6mg,0.01mmol,20%收率)。
MS方法1:RT:2.07min,ES+m/z 390.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ/ppm:11.05(s,1H),9.31-9.34(d,J=1.4Hz,1H),9.10-9.14(d,J=1.9Hz,1H),8.72-8.75(m,1H),8.63-8.65(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),8.52-8.56(m,1H),8.15-8.21(m,1H),5.52(bs,1H),4.99(s,2H),3.37-3.40(m,2H),2.91-2.97(m,2H),2.15-2.22(m,5H),2.08(s,3H)。
中间体33:三氟甲烷磺酸(2,6-二甲基-3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)酯
向已经在真空炉中干燥过夜的圆底烧瓶中添加在THF中的2,6-二甲基四氢吡喃-4-酮(830mg,6.48mmol)(20ml)。将溶液冷却至-78℃,并且逐滴添加1.0M的双(三甲基甲硅烷基)酰胺锂的THF溶液(9.07mL,9.07mmol)。允许溶液在-78℃下搅拌持续1小时,然后添加在THF中的N-苯基双-三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺(2776mg,7.77mmol)(5ml)。反应形成乳霜悬浮液(cream suspension),并且然后允许在4小时内升高至室温,此后形成橙色溶液。通过TLC(在庚烷中的5%EtOAc)的分析显示无剩余的2,6二甲基四氢吡喃酮和新点(new spot)。将反应用EtOAc稀释并且用1M HCl猝灭。将相分离,并且然后将有机层用1M NaOH洗涤。将有机层经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并且浓缩,并且上柱到硅胶(在庚烷中的0-15%EtOAc)上,以给出作为澄清液体和立体异构体的混合物的三氟甲烷磺酸(2,6-二甲基-3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)酯(1.1g,4.13mmol,64%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:5.69-5.71(m,1H),4.31-4.39(m,1H),3.73-3.82(m,1H),2.19-2.38(m,2H),1.31-1.33(d,J=3.6Hz,3H),1.29-1.31(d,J=4.1Hz,3H)。
中间体34:4-(2,6-二甲基-3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-1H-吡唑
将三氟甲基磺酸(2,6-二甲基-3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)酯(1075mg,4.13mmol)和3,5-二甲基-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二噁硼烷-2-基)吡唑-1-羧酸叔丁酯(1464.15mg,4.54mmol)溶解于1,4-二噁烷(9mL)中,然后添加在水中的磷酸三钾(1315mg,6.2mmol)(2mL),并且通过鼓泡N2通过混合物持续10min来脱气。添加三环己基膦(58mg,0.21mmol)和三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0)(95mg,0.10mmol),继续脱气持续另外的2min,然后用热的方法加热至100℃(外部探针)持续18hr。将反应冷却并且然后在真空中除去二噁烷。然后使混合物在水和EtOAc之间分配。将有机层用水洗涤若干次,然后经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并且浓缩。然后将得到的残留物装载到填装甲醇的SCX套筒上。将柱用甲醇(3CV)和在甲醇(3CV)中的1M氨洗涤。将氨冲洗物浓缩,以给出作为立体异构体的混合物的4-(2,6-二甲基-3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-1H-吡唑(854mg,4.14mmol,100.%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.66min,ES+m/z 391.3[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:5.46-5.48(m,1H),4.35-4.43(m,1H),3.76-3.85(m,1H),2.25(s,6H),2.05-2.22(m,2H),1.28-1.32(m,6H)。
实施例19:2-[4-(2,6-二甲基四氢吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]-N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺
使用一般方案5的第3-5步,制备2-[4-(2,6-二甲基四氢吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]-N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺。
MS方法1:RT:3.41min,ES+m/z 419.3[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:9.00-9.02(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),8.91-8.93(m,1H),8.79-8.82(bs,1H),8.63-8.65(m,1H),8.53-8.56(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),8.34-8.37(m,2H),5.48-5.51(m,1H),4.84(s,2H),4.35-4.43(m,1H),3.77-3.85(m,1H),2,29(s,3H),2.24(s,3H),2.16-2.23(m,1H),2.04-2.11(m,1H),1.31-1.34(d,J=2.8Hz,3H),1.28-1.31(d,J=2.3Hz,3H)。
中间体35:2-[4-(2,6-二甲基四氢吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]乙酸
向圆底烧瓶中添加2-[4-(2,6-二甲基-3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]乙酸乙酯(340mg,1.16mmol)和甲醇(2mL)。将溶液用氮气吹扫并且排空若干次,然后添加碳上的10wt%的湿润的钯(618mg,0.58mmol),此后再次将体系吹扫和排空若干次。然后用氢气装填反应容器,并且剧烈搅拌过夜。
将反应用氮气冲洗,过滤通过硅藻土垫,并且用甲醇洗涤。将甲醇浓缩,以给出减少的产物,向产物中添加水(0.58mL)、乙醇(3mL)和氢氧化锂一水合物(44mg,1.05mmol)。将反应在室温下搅拌持续30min。通过真空浓缩除去乙醇,然后使用1M HCl将水层酸化至pH3。然后将水层用EtOAc萃取3次。将有机层合并,经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并且然后浓缩,以提供作为白色固体的2-[4-(2,6-二甲基四氢吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]乙酸(168mg,0.63mmol,60%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.26min,ES+m/z 267.2[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:4.80(s,2H),4.00-4.60(bs,1H),3.50-3.53(m,2H),2.59-2.62(m,1H),2.20(s,3H),2.05(s,3H),1.39-1.60(m,4H),1.23-1.26(m,6H)。
实施例20:2-[4-(2,6-二甲基四氢吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]-N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺
将搅拌的2-[4-(2,6-二甲基四氢吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]乙酸(50mg,0.19mmol)、5-吡嗪-2-基吡啶-2-胺(39mg,0.23mmol)、丙基膦酸酸酐(0.22mL,0.38mmol)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(0.08mL,0.47mmol)的THF溶液(2mL)加热至回流,并且在80℃下搅拌过夜。在真空中除去THF,以提供黄色胶,通过硅胶柱色谱使用在庚烷中的0-100%EtOAc然后在EtOAc中的0-10%MeOH将黄色胶纯化。将包含产物的级分合并并且浓缩。将残留物再次上柱(在EtOAc中的0-3%MeOH),并且通过制备型LCMS进一步纯化。将澄清的级分浓缩,以给出作为白色固体的2-[4-(2,6-二甲基四氢吡喃-4-基)-3,5-二甲基-吡唑-1-基]-N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺(16mg,0.04mmol,20%收率)。
MS方法1:RT:3.35min,ES+m/z 421.3[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:9.01-9.03(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),8.93-8.95(m,1H),8.74-8.78(bs,1H),8.65-8.72(m,1H),8.55-8.57(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),8.36-8.39(m,2H),4.84(s,2H),3.54-3.64(m,2H),2.71-2.80(dt,J=2.1,6.0Hz,1H),2.35(s,3H),2.28(s,3H),1.48-1.68(m,4H),1.25-1.29(d,J=6.2Hz,6H)。
实施例21
以与实施例19类似的方式制备以下二氢吡喃,以与实施例20类似的方式制备四氢吡喃。
一般方案6
本发明的另外的化合物可以与以下反应路线类似地来制备。
中间体36:2-(5-溴-2-噻吩基)-N-(5-氯-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺
用收集在DMF(5mL)中的2-(5-溴-2-噻吩基)乙酸(300mg,1.36mmol)和5-氯-2-吡啶胺(174mg,1.36mmol)装载烧瓶,并且添加N,N-二异丙基乙胺(0.47mL,2.71mmol)。将溶液设置成搅拌并且添加HATU(567mg,1.49mmol)。将得到的溶液反应留下搅拌过夜。将反应混合物用水稀释并且用EtOAc分配。分离是困难的,因此添加一些盐水来帮助分离。然后将相分离,并且将有机层用1∶1的盐水和水的混合物(x2)洗涤。然后将水性洗涤物合并,并且用EtOAc萃取一次。然后将有机物合并、用盐水洗涤、经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并且浓缩至干燥,提供棕色油。通过快速柱色谱进行纯化(25g SiO2,用在庚烷中的0-50%EtOAc洗脱)。将包含产物的级分合并,并且浓缩至干燥,提供作为棕色结晶固体的2-(5-溴-2-噻吩基)-N-(5-氯-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺(104mg,0.31mmol,23.11%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.83min,ES+m/z 332.8[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:8.10-8.15(m,2H),7.82-7.91(bs,1H),7.58-7.63(dd,J=9.0,2.9Hz,1H),6.90-6.92(d,J=3.8Hz,1H),6.71-6.73,(dt,J=3.8,0.9Hz,1H),3.81(s,2H)。
中间体37:N-(5-氯-2-吡啶基)-2-[5-(2-甲基-4-吡啶基)-2-噻吩基]乙酰胺
用2-(5-溴-2-噻吩基)-N-(5-氯-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺(100mg,0.30mmol)、1,4-二噁烷(2mL)和水(1mL)装载烧瓶。然后在真空下将得到的溶液脱气,并且将系统用氮气回填。将这重复两次,然后添加[1,1_apos_-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]钯(II)氯化物二氯甲烷络合物(24mg,0.03mmol)。然后将体系再次用氮气吹扫,并且用热的方法将反应混合物加热至85℃持续1小时。将反应混合物浓缩至干燥,并且通过快速柱色谱(12g SiO2,用在庚烷中的20-100%EtOAc洗脱)将固体纯化。将包含产物的级分合并,并且浓缩至干燥,提供作为黄色固体的N-(5-氯-2-吡啶基)-2-[5-(2-甲基-4-吡啶基)-2-噻吩基]乙酰胺(75mg,0.22mmol,72.33%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.27min,ES+m/z 344.0[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ/ppm:8.39-8.43(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),8.12-8.16(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),8.11-8.13(d,J=2.6Hz,1H),7.91-7.95(bs,1H),7.59-7.62(dd,J=9.0,2.6Hz,1H),7.32-7.34(d,J=3.7Hz,1H),7.23-7.25(m,1H),7.17-7.21(m,1H),6.96-6.98(1H,d,J=3.7Hz,1H),3.91(s,2H),2.53(s,3H)。
实施例22:2-[5-(2-甲基-4-吡啶基)-2-噻吩基]-N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺
用N-(5-氯-2-吡啶基)-2-[5-(2-甲基-4-吡啶基)-2-噻吩基]乙酰胺(70mg,0.20mmol)、双(频哪醇基)二硼(bis(pinacolato)diboron)(56.mg,0.22mmol)装载烧瓶,然后将三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0)(9mg,0.01mmol)添加到溶液中,将体系再次用氮气冲洗,并且将反应加热至110℃持续2小时。将反应混合物用EtOAc稀释,并且过滤通过薄的硅藻土垫,用EtOAc洗脱。然后将滤液浓缩至干燥,提供作为红色/橙色油的粗的2-[5-(2-甲基-4-吡啶基)-2-噻吩基]-N-[5-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二噁硼烷-2-基)-2-吡啶基]乙酰胺(130mg,0.2986mmol,146.%收率),将其不纯化立即用于最后的Suzuki反应中。
碘吡嗪(85mg,0.41mmol)和碳酸钠(87mg,0.83mmol)。将其收集在甲苯(1.6mL)、乙醇(0.40mL)和水(0.40mL)中。然后通过排空将得到的溶液脱气并且将系统用氮气回填(x3)。然后将四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(31.85mg,0.03mmol)添加到溶液中,将体系排空并且再次用氮气填装,并且将溶液加热至85℃持续2hr。
将反应浓缩至干燥,并且通过快速柱色谱(12g SiO2,用在庚烷中的50-100%EtOAc用2%三乙胺洗脱)将固体纯化。将包含产物的级分合并,并且浓缩至干燥,提供亮橙色固体。通过制备型LCMS将化合物进一步纯化,这提供作为米白色固体的2-[5-(2-甲基-4-吡啶基)-2-噻吩基]-N-(5-吡嗪-2-基-2-吡啶基)乙酰胺(7mg,0.018mmol,6.5%收率)。
MS方法2:RT:1.13min,ES+m/z 388.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ/ppm:11.09(s,1H),9.31.9.33(d,J=1.3Hz,1H),9.11-9.13(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),8.72-8.74(m,1H),8.63-8.65(d,J=2.6Hz,1H),8.52-8.56(dd,J=8.7,2.4Hz,1H),8.40-8.43(d,J=5.5Hz,1H),8.22-8.26(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),7.63-7.65(d,J=3.7Hz,1H),7.48(s,1H),7.39-7.42,(m,1H),7.08-7.10(d,J=3.5Hz,1H),4.10(s,2H),2.51(s,3H)。
实施例23
以类似的方式使用合适地取代的噻吩、硼酸芳基/乙烯基酯和芳基卤化物来制备以下化合物。
双细胞β-联蛋白报告物测定
被称为L-Wnt细胞的组成型产生生物活性的鼠Wnt-3a的转染的小鼠L细胞购自美国典型培养物保藏中心ATCC,Manassas,VA(ATCC)。在37℃下使用5%CO2将这些细胞培养在补充有10%FCS(Gibco/Invitrogen,Carlsbad,CA)、1%遗传霉素和1%丙酮酸钠(Sigma)的DMEM中。将细胞接种到96孔板中,并且用稀释为0.1%DMSO浓度的化合物的系列稀释物处理。24小时后,将细胞上清液转移到之前已经接种了在Wnt途径应答元件的控制下用萤光素酶基因稳定转染的Leading Wnt报告物细胞的96孔板中。另外的24小时后,将细胞用One-glo萤光素酶测定系统(Promega,Madison,WI)处理,并且通过envision读取发光信号。将化合物的IC50确定为将诱导的萤光素酶信号降低到DMSO对照的50%的浓度。
以下给出本发明的某些化合物的测定结果。该表示出分类为“+”、“”、“++”和“+++”的化合物的IC50值。分类“+”指的是具有>100μM的IC50的化合物。分类“++”指的是具有5-100μM的IC50的化合物。分类“+++”指的是具有<5μM的IC50的化合物。
特异性免疫沉淀
可以通过用链烷基-棕榈酸酯和若干浓度的化合物处理来评估L-Wnt细胞。24小时之后,可以将细胞裂解物在PBS中洗涤(来源),并且收集在冰冷的裂解缓冲液(裂解缓冲液)中。可以将Dynabead(来源)与抗-wnt-3a抗体(艾博抗)孵育持续20分钟,并且与裂解物孵育持续1小时。可以通过磁铁将珠分离,并且保留未结合的级分。可以使用蛋白缓冲液试剂盒(Life technologies),遵循所提供的方案,在样品上进行点击化学,以将生物素缀合至链烷基棕榈酸酯。可以通过磁铁将洗脱物与样品分离,并且将得到的样品煮沸持续20分钟,以使缀合物解离。可以除去珠,并且可以将洗脱物和未结合的级分通过聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳运行,转移至膜,并且染色,对于生物素使用链霉素-辣根过氧化物酶并且对于总Wnt通过特异性抗体。
细胞死亡测定
可以用稀释至0.1%DMSO的化合物的系列稀释物处理在生长培养基(DMEM,10%FCS)中的细胞持续72小时。通过将刃天青还原成通过在590nm处的荧光发射来检测的试卤灵的能力来测量活细胞数。
焦点形成测定
可以将Capan-2细胞接种到6孔板上的标准生长培养基中,并且用化合物的系列稀释物处理。每四天更换细胞培养基,同时添加新鲜化合物。10天的生长之后,可以将细胞在甲醇上固定,并且用结晶紫处理以可视化。通过Operetta检测由细胞集落覆盖的区域,并且使用Columbus软件分析。
Claims (29)
1.一种式(I)的化合物:
其中
het1代表包含选自N、O或S的1个、2个或3个杂原子并且未被取代或者被取代的5元杂环体系,并且当被取代时,所述环体系被在每次出现时独立地选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA2、-NRA2RB2、-CN、-SO2RA2和C3-6环烷基;
het1具有与het2的键和与-(CR1R2)mC(O)NR3-的键,其中het2和-(CR1R2)mC(O)NR3-键合至het1的不相邻的原子;
het2是可以是未被取代的或被取代的5元或6元杂环,并且当被取代时,所述环被在每次出现时独立地选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA1、-NRA1RB1、-CN、-NO2、-NRA1C(O)RB1、-C(O)NRA1RB1、-NRA1SO2RB1、-SO2NRA1RB1、-SO2RA1、-C(O)RA1、-C(O)ORA1和C3-6环烷基;
het3是可以是未被取代的或被取代的5元或6元杂环或苯环,并且当被取代时,所述环被在每次出现时独立地选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA1、-NRA1RB1、-CN、-NO2、-NRA1C(O)RB1、-C(O)NRA1RB1、-NRA1SO2RB1、-SO2NRA1RB1、-SO2RA1、-C(O)RA1、-C(O)ORA1和C3-6环烷基;
R1和R2在每次出现时独立地选自:H、卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA3、-NRA3RB3和C3-6环烷基;
R3选自:H、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基和C3-6环烷基;
R4在每次出现时独立地选自:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-CN、-ORA4、-NRA4RB4、-SO2RA4、C3-6环烷基和C3-6卤代环烷基;
m选自1、2或3;
n选自0、1或2;并且
RA1、RB1、RA2、RB2、RA3、RB3、RA4和RB4在每次出现时独立地选自:H、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基。
2.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其中所述化合物是根据式(IIa)的化合物:
3.如权利要求1或权利要求2所述的化合物,其中het2是可以是未被取代的或被取代的5元或6元杂环,并且当被取代时,所述环被选自以下的1个、2个或3个基团取代:卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-ORA1、-NO2、-NRA1C(O)RB1、-NRA1SO2RB1、-SO2NRA1RB1、-SO2RA1、-C(O)RA1、-C(O)ORA1和C3-6环烷基;
条件是het2不是吡啶基。
4.如权利要求1或权利要求2所述的化合物,其中het2代表选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、吡嗪、嘧啶、哒嗪、吡喃、四氢吡喃、二氢吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪、吗啉、硫代吗啉、噁嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、噻嗪、氧硫杂环己烷和二噻烷。
5.如任一前述权利要求所述的化合物,其中het3代表是未被取代的或被取代的并且包含至少一个氮原子的芳香族的、饱和的或不饱和的6元杂环。
6.如任一前述权利要求所述的化合物,其中het3代表选自未被取代的或被取代的以下环的环:嘧啶、吡嗪、哒嗪、哌嗪、二噁英、二噁烷、吗啉和硫代吗啉。
7.如任一前述权利要求所述的化合物,其中het1代表被取代的或未被取代的:包含选自N、O或S的1个、2个或3个(任选地1个或2个)杂原子的C5杂芳基基团。
8.如任一前述权利要求所述的化合物,其中het1代表选自未被取代的或被取代的以下基团的基团:吡唑、咪唑、噁唑、噻唑、异噁唑、异噻唑、噻吩、呋喃、三唑、噁二唑和噻二唑。
9.如任一前述权利要求所述的化合物,其中R1和R2可以在每次出现时独立地选自:H、氯、氟、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、三氟乙基、-OCF3、-OH、-OMe、-OEt、-NH2、-NHMe和-NMe2。
10.如任一前述权利要求所述的化合物,其中R3是H或甲基。
11.如任一前述权利要求所述的化合物,其中R4在每次出现时独立地选自:H、氯、氟、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、三氟乙基、-OCF3、-OH、-OMe、-OEt、-NH2、-NHMe和-NMe2。
12.如任一前述权利要求所述的化合物,其中m是1。
13.如任一前述权利要求所述的化合物,其中n是0。
14.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其中所述化合物选自:
15.如任一前述权利要求所述的化合物,其用于作为药物使用。
16.如权利要求1至14中任一项所述的化合物,其中所述化合物用于在调节Wnt信号传送中使用。
17.如权利要求1至14中任一项所述的化合物,其用于在治疗能够通过抑制Porcn来调节的状况中使用。
18.如权利要求17所述的用于使用的化合物,其中通过抑制Porcn可治疗的所述状况可以选自:癌症、肉瘤、黑色素瘤、皮肤癌、血液肿瘤、淋巴瘤、上皮癌和白血病。
19.如权利要求17或权利要求18所述的化合物,其中所述状况选自:食管鳞状细胞癌、胃癌、成胶质细胞瘤、星形细胞瘤、成视网膜细胞瘤、骨肉瘤、软骨肉瘤、尤文氏肉瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、Wilm’s瘤、基底细胞癌、非小细胞肺癌、脑肿瘤、激素难治性前列腺癌、前列腺癌、转移性乳腺癌、乳腺癌、转移性胰腺癌、胰腺癌、结肠直肠癌、宫颈癌、头颈部鳞状细胞癌和头颈部癌症。
20.如权利要求17或权利要求18所述的化合物,其中所述状况选自:皮肤纤维化、特发性肺纤维化、肾间质纤维化、肝纤维化、蛋白尿、肾移植排斥、骨关节炎、帕金森病、黄斑囊样水肿、葡萄膜炎相关的黄斑囊样水肿、视网膜病变、糖尿病视网膜病变和早产儿视网膜病变。
21.如权利要求1至14中任一项所述的化合物,其用于在治疗选自以下的状况中使用:癌症、肉瘤、黑色素瘤、皮肤癌、血液肿瘤、淋巴瘤、上皮癌和白血病。
22.如权利要求21所述的化合物,其中所述状况选自:食管鳞状细胞癌、胃癌、成胶质细胞瘤、星形细胞瘤、成视网膜细胞瘤、骨肉瘤、软骨肉瘤、尤文氏肉瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、Wilm’s瘤、基底细胞癌、非小细胞肺癌、脑肿瘤、激素难治性前列腺癌、前列腺癌、转移性乳腺癌、乳腺癌、转移性胰腺癌、胰腺癌、结肠直肠癌、宫颈癌、头颈部鳞状细胞癌和头颈部癌症。
23.如权利要求21所述的化合物,其中所述状况选自:皮肤纤维化、特发性肺纤维化、肾间质纤维化、肝纤维化、蛋白尿、肾移植排斥、骨关节炎、帕金森病、黄斑囊样水肿、葡萄膜炎相关的黄斑囊样水肿、视网膜病变、糖尿病视网膜病变和早产儿视网膜病变。
24.一种选自以下的状况的治疗方法:癌症、肉瘤、黑色素瘤、皮肤癌、血液肿瘤、淋巴瘤、上皮癌和白血病,其中所述方法包括向需要其的患者施用治疗量的权利要求1至14中任一项所述的化合物。
25.如权利要求24所述的方法,其中所述状况选自:食管鳞状细胞癌、胃癌、成胶质细胞瘤、星形细胞瘤、成视网膜细胞瘤、骨肉瘤、软骨肉瘤、尤文氏肉瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、Wilm’s瘤、基底细胞癌、非小细胞肺癌、脑肿瘤、激素难治性前列腺癌、前列腺癌、转移性乳腺癌、乳腺癌、转移性胰腺癌、胰腺癌、结肠直肠癌、宫颈癌、头颈部鳞状细胞癌和头颈部癌症。
26.如权利要求24所述的方法,其中所述状况选自:皮肤纤维化、特发性肺纤维化、肾间质纤维化、肝纤维化、蛋白尿、肾移植排斥、骨关节炎、帕金森病、黄斑囊样水肿、葡萄膜炎相关的黄斑囊样水肿、视网膜病变、糖尿病视网膜病变和早产儿视网膜病变。
27.如权利要求1至14中任一项所述的化合物在制造用于治疗由Porcn调节的状况的药剂中的用途。
28.一种药物制剂,所述药物制剂包含权利要求1至14中任一项所述的化合物和药学上可接受的赋形剂。
29.如权利要求28所述的药物组合物,其中所述药物组合物是包含另外的药学活性剂的组合产品。
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US10722484B2 (en) | 2016-03-09 | 2020-07-28 | K-Gen, Inc. | Methods of cancer treatment |
WO2018045182A1 (en) | 2016-09-01 | 2018-03-08 | The Board Of Regents Of Hte University Of Texas System | Disubstituted and trisubtituted 1,2,3-triazoles as wnt inhibitors |
WO2018165520A1 (en) | 2017-03-10 | 2018-09-13 | Vps-3, Inc. | Metalloenzyme inhibitor compounds |
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US10961534B2 (en) | 2018-07-13 | 2021-03-30 | University of Pittsburgh—of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education | Methods of treating porphyria |
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