CN107091301A - 行星齿轮机构和变速器 - Google Patents

行星齿轮机构和变速器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107091301A
CN107091301A CN201710064188.XA CN201710064188A CN107091301A CN 107091301 A CN107091301 A CN 107091301A CN 201710064188 A CN201710064188 A CN 201710064188A CN 107091301 A CN107091301 A CN 107091301A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gear
planet carrier
gear ring
planetary gears
outside diameter
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Granted
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CN201710064188.XA
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CN107091301B (zh
Inventor
小林平典
河合则和
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/32—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/0006—Vibration-damping or noise reducing means specially adapted for gearings
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    • F16H57/0467—Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0479—Gears or bearings on planet carriers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H57/0482—Gearings with gears having orbital motion
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/32—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear
    • F16H2001/327—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear with orbital gear sets comprising an internally toothed ring gear
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    • F16H37/0806—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/909—Gearing
    • Y10S903/91—Orbital, e.g. planetary gears
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/915—Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/917—Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev with transmission for changing gear ratio
    • Y10S903/919—Stepped shift

Abstract

本发明提供行星齿轮机构和变速器，其通过提高构成部件间的追随性来抑制动作时的振动和噪音。在行星齿轮机构(10)中，特征在于具有：太阳齿轮(11)，其配设在旋转轴(61)上；多个小齿轮(12)；行星架(13)，其支承多个小齿轮(12)；齿圈(15)，其在行星架(13)的外径侧与小齿轮(12)啮合；以及壳体(18)，其在齿圈(15)的外径侧保持该齿圈(15)，齿圈(15)能够相对于壳体(18)在旋转轴(61)的轴向上滑动，在行星架(13)的外径侧端部(13G)具有载荷传递部件(20)，该载荷传递部件(20)与齿圈(15)的内径侧端部抵接，并且将行星架(13)和齿圈(15)保持成能够相对旋转，将来自齿圈(15)的所述轴向的载荷传递至行星架(13)。

Description

行星齿轮机构和变速器
技术领域
本发明涉及构成驱动力传递装置的行星齿轮机构和具备该行星齿轮机构的变速器，其中，所述驱动力传递装置传递来自驱动源的驱动力。
背景技术
以往，存在具有太阳齿轮、小齿轮以及齿圈的行星齿轮机构(例如，参照专利文献1)。在行星齿轮机构中，作为外齿齿轮的太阳齿轮处于中央，在其周围以均等间隔啮合有多个作为小的外齿齿轮的小齿轮。另外，小齿轮的外侧与作为内齿齿轮的齿圈啮合。小齿轮的旋转轴安装在被称作行星架的框架上。根据该结构，行星齿轮机构能够通过使太阳齿轮、小齿轮的行星架、齿圈这3个齿轮的旋转轴输入输出或者固定，来变更驱动的方向或变速比。
另外，构成行星齿轮机构的齿轮多使用作为斜齿齿轮的斜齿轮。关于斜齿轮，由于齿的接触部分分散，因此容易传递大扭矩，且噪音小。
可是，在使用斜齿轮的情况下，根据斜齿齿轮的特性，载荷沿旋转轴方向(推力方向)施加。在此，齿圈和小齿轮由于互相啮合而被沿彼此的轴向施加载荷。这种情况下，齿圈在行星齿轮机构的外周端处被固定于行星齿轮机构的壳体上，因此从齿圈朝向壳体施加载荷，另一方面，小齿轮在轴向上向固定的行星架施加载荷。这样，如果将齿圈作为壳体上的系统，则行星架是作为旋转轴的主轴上的系统，可以说行星齿轮机构是由不同的2个系统构成的结构。在由这样的不同的2个系统构成的情况下，存在着没有实现该2个系统之间的载荷传递的追随性从而产生振动和噪音的情况。
专利文献1：日本特开2013-181634号公报
发明内容
本发明是鉴于上述情况而完成的，其目的在于，提供一种通过提高构成部件间的追随性而抑制了动作时的振动和噪音的行星齿轮机构。
为了解决上述课题，本发明的行星齿轮机构10的特征在于，所述行星齿轮机构具有：太阳齿轮11，其配设在旋转轴61上；多个小齿轮12，它们与太阳齿轮11的外径侧啮合；行星架13，其支承多个小齿轮12；齿圈15，其在行星架13的外径侧与小齿轮12啮合；以及壳体18，其在齿圈15的外径侧保持该齿圈15，齿圈15能够相对于壳体18在旋转轴61的轴向上滑动，在行星架13的外径侧端部13G具有载荷传递部件20，该载荷传递部件20与齿圈15的内径侧端部抵接，并且将行星架13和齿圈15保持成能够相对旋转，将来自齿圈15的轴向载荷传递至行星架13。
根据该结构，在行星架13的外径侧端部13G与齿圈15的内径侧端部之间互相抵接的载荷传递部件20将来自齿圈15的轴向载荷传递至行星架13，因此齿圈15和行星架13追随地动作。通过像这样在动作时提高构成部件间的追随性，齿圈15和行星架13一体地动作，因此能够提供抑制了动作时的振动和噪音的行星齿轮机构。
另外，也可以是特征在于，在壳体18上形成有用于支承齿圈15的支承槽18M，支承槽18M的一部分形成于载荷传递部件20的外周侧。由此，齿圈15的支承槽18M也成为供给润滑油的槽，从而使得载荷传递部件20可靠地发挥作用。
另外，在上述行星齿轮机构10中，也可以是特征在于，在行星架13的载荷传递部件20的内径侧，形成有用于对载荷传递部件20供给润滑油的润滑油供给槽13M。由此，润滑油被有效地供给至载荷传递部件20，因此载荷传递部件20可靠地发挥作用，齿圈15和行星架13可靠地追随地动作。
另外，也可以是特征在于，行星架13是通过对多个部件13C、13G进行焊接而构成的，并且是通过使所述多个部件13C、13G中的一个部件13C形成于在另一个部件13G上形成的所述润滑油供给槽13M的内侧而成为一体的结构。这样，在进行制造行星架13时的焊接时，用于对前述的载荷传递部件20供给润滑油的润滑油供给槽13M还作为焊接材料的防漏槽发挥作用。
另外，也可以是一种变速器50，其以内燃机和电动机MOT为驱动源，从主输入轴61向最终输出轴传递驱动，其特征在于，具有上述的行星齿轮机构10来作为驱动传递部。由此，通过如上述那样抑制行星齿轮机构10的振动和噪音，能够提供抑制了振动和噪音的变速器50。
并且，上述标号是将与后述的实施方式对应的结构要素的标号作为本发明的一个示例而示出的。
根据本发明的行星齿轮机构，通过提高构成部件间的追随性，能够抑制动作时的振动和噪音。
附图说明
图1是使用了行星齿轮机构的变速器的骨架图。
图2是将行星齿轮机构局部放大后示出的轴向剖视图。
图3是行星齿轮机构的行星架的立体图。
图4是示出齿圈与行星架的详细结构的放大剖视图。
图5是行星架的支承柱周边的放大剖视图，(a)是从正面观察润滑油供给槽的图，(b)是沿(a)中的A-A线的剖视图。
标号说明
MOT：电动机；
ROT：转子；
10：行星齿轮机构；
11：太阳齿轮；
12：小齿轮；
13：行星架；
13A：轮毂；
13C：支承柱；
13G：外径侧端部；
13M：润滑油供给槽；
15：齿圈；
18：壳体；
18M：支承槽；
18S：防脱部件；
20：推力滚针轴承；
50：变速器；
61：第一输入轴；
62：第二输入轴；
63：中间轴；
80：1挡同步啮合机构；
80A：同步器轮毂；
80B：同步器套筒；
80C：牙嵌花键部。
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图对本发明的实施方式详细地进行说明。首先，针对使用了行星齿轮机构10(行星齿轮机构)来作为驱动传递部的变速器50的整体结构进行说明。图1是使用了行星齿轮机构10的变速器50的骨架图。图1所示的变速器50是前进7挡、后退1挡的平行轴式变速器，并且是干式的双离合式变速器(DCT)。
变速器50具备：第一输入轴61(旋转轴)，其经由奇数挡用的第一离合器C1以能够断开或连接的方式与内燃机(未图示)结合；第二输入轴62，其经由偶数挡用的第二离合器C2以能够断开或连接的方式与该内燃机结合；中间轴63，其经由设在第一输入轴61和第二输入轴62上的变速齿轮机构而与第一输入轴61和第二输入轴62结合，产生与被选择的变速挡相对应的旋转输出；以及行星齿轮机构10，其设在第一输入轴61的一端侧。另外，电动机MOT的转子ROT以一体地旋转的方式固定在第一输入轴61的一端，变速器50作为以内燃机和电动机MOT为驱动源的混合动力车辆的变速器发挥作用。中间轴63与未图示的差动机构结合，驱动车辆的驱动轮。
本发明的特征与行星齿轮机构10相关，除此之外的变速齿轮机构可以适当地使用公知的结构。可是，为了理解实施方式的概要，首先，对变速器50的除行星齿轮机构10以外的变速齿轮机构进行简要说明，然后进行与行星齿轮机构10相关的说明。
在第二离合器C2的输出侧连接有外侧主轴OMS，该外侧主轴OMS以构成第一输入轴61的外筒的方式配置成同心状。外侧主轴OMS经由惰轴IDS始终与倒车轴RVS和第二输入轴62卡合，第二离合器C2的旋转输出被传递到倒车轴RVS和第二输入轴62。各轴彼此平行。
3挡驱动齿轮73、7挡驱动齿轮77、5挡驱动齿轮75分别以能够相对旋转的方式呈同心状配置在第一输入轴61上。3-7挡同步啮合机构81以能够在轴向上滑动的方式设置在3挡驱动齿轮73与7挡驱动齿轮77之间，并且，5挡同步啮合机构83对应于5挡驱动齿轮75被设置成能够在轴向上滑动。
通过使与所希望的齿轮系相对应的同步啮合机构滑动而进入该齿轮系的同步中，由此，该齿轮系被与第一输入轴61连结。利用与第一输入轴61相关联地设置的这些齿轮和同步啮合机构，构成了用于实现奇数挡(3、5、7挡)的变速挡的第一变速齿轮机构。
第一变速齿轮机构的各驱动齿轮与设在中间轴63上的从动齿轮中的相对应的齿轮啮合。具体来说，3挡驱动齿轮73与第一从动齿轮91啮合，7挡驱动齿轮77与第二从动齿轮92啮合，5挡驱动齿轮75与第三从动齿轮93啮合。通过像这样啮合，驱动中间轴63旋转。
同样，2挡驱动齿轮72、6挡驱动齿轮76、4挡驱动齿轮74分别以能够相对旋转的方式呈同心状配置在第二输入轴62上。2-6挡同步啮合机构82以能够在轴向上滑动的方式设置在2挡驱动齿轮72与6挡驱动齿轮76之间，并且，4挡同步啮合机构84对应于4挡驱动齿轮74被设置成能够在轴向上滑动。
通过使与所希望的齿轮系相对应的同步啮合机构滑动而进入该齿轮系的同步中，由此，该齿轮系被与第二输入轴62连结。利用与第二输入轴62相关联地设置的这些齿轮和同步啮合机构，构成了用于实现偶数挡(2、4、6挡)的变速挡的第二变速齿轮机构。
第二变速齿轮机构的各驱动齿轮与设在中间轴63上的从动齿轮中的相对应的齿轮啮合。具体来说，2挡驱动齿轮72与第一从动齿轮91啮合，6挡驱动齿轮76与第二从动齿轮92啮合，4挡驱动齿轮74与第三从动齿轮93啮合。通过像这样啮合，驱动中间轴63旋转。
在第一输入轴61的靠电动机MOT的一端配置有行星齿轮机构10。行星齿轮机构10具备太阳齿轮11、小齿轮12以及齿圈15，太阳齿轮11固定于第一输入轴61上，与第一输入轴61和电动机MOT一体旋转。齿圈15固定于变速器50的壳体18上，且构成为从小齿轮12的行星架13产生变速输出。
在行星架13与第一输入轴61上的3挡驱动齿轮73之间设有1挡同步啮合机构80。对应于1挡齿轮系的选择，该1挡同步啮合机构80接合(ON)，由此，行星架13和第一输入轴61上的3挡驱动齿轮73被连接。这样，行星架13的旋转被传递至齿轮73，并经由第一从动齿轮91驱动中间轴63旋转。由此，第一输入轴61的旋转以1挡用齿轮比被变速，并经由中间轴63从最终输出轴(未图示)输出，其中，所述1挡用齿轮比由行星齿轮机构10的齿轮比与3挡驱动齿轮73的齿轮比的组合确定。
并且，此时，3-7挡同步啮合机构81处于中立位置，因此3-7挡同步啮合机构81没有与3挡驱动齿轮73卡合。在选择了比1挡靠高速侧的2～7挡时，1挡同步啮合机构80断开，行星架13与3挡驱动齿轮73即中间轴63的连接没有实现。
这样，同步啮合机构80作为下述这样的结合要素发挥作用：为了选择规定的变速挡，其被设置成能够相对于行星架13断开或连接，并且构成为在连接时将行星架13的旋转传递至中间轴63。对于这样的结合要素，只要能够实现同等的功能，则也可以使用同步啮合机构以外的结构。
在本实施方式中构成为：在行星齿轮机构10中，齿圈15始终固定，在选择规定的变速挡(例如1挡)时，行星架13的旋转经由同步啮合机构80并经过3挡驱动齿轮73被传递至中间轴63。在选择了规定的变速挡以外的变速挡时，行星架13从3挡驱动齿轮73分离，因此，行星架13不是始终带着中间轴63一起旋转，只是对应于与第一输入轴61的旋转相应的太阳齿轮11的旋转进行旋转。
另外，由于齿圈15始终被固定，因此不旋转。这样，行星架13不带着中间轴63一起旋转，因此，特别是在工作负载大的高车速域中能够抑制行星齿轮机构10的差动旋转。因此，能够大幅降低无负载旋转损失，并且也能够抑制旋转摩擦所引起的发热。与此相伴，变速器50的动力传递效率得到提高，燃料效率和冷却性能也得到提高。
接下来，对倒车轴RVS进行说明。在倒车轴RVS上固定有与惰轴IDS卡合的齿轮97。而且，在倒车轴RVS的外周设有倒挡齿轮系，该倒挡齿轮系用于使倒车轴RVS选择性地与第一输入轴61结合。
该倒挡齿轮系由下述部分构成：倒车驱动齿轮98，其以能够相对旋转的方式与倒车轴RVS同心地设置于倒车轴RVS上；倒车同步啮合机构85，其用于使倒车驱动齿轮98选择性地与倒车轴RVS结合；以及齿轮78，其以与倒车驱动齿轮98啮合的方式固定于第一输入轴61。
倒车同步啮合机构85能够在倒车轴RVS的轴向上滑动。在前进行驶时断开(OFF)。即，使倒车轴RVS不与倒车驱动齿轮98卡合。另一方面，在后退行驶时接合(ON)，即，使倒车轴RVS与倒车驱动齿轮98卡合。
对本实施方式中的行星齿轮机构10的结构进行说明。图2是将行星齿轮机构10局部放大后示出的轴向剖视图。如图2所示，行星齿轮机构10被配设成与1挡同步啮合机构80相邻。
1挡同步啮合机构80由公知的结构构成。即，同步啮合机构80具有：同步器轮毂80A；同步器套筒80B，其通过花键结合与同步器轮毂80A一体旋转，并且相对于同步器轮毂80A以能够在轴向上相对移位的方式卡合；以及牙嵌花键部80C等。
对行星齿轮机构10的整体结构进行说明。行星齿轮机构10具有：配设在第一输入轴61上的太阳齿轮11；与太阳齿轮11的外径侧啮合的多个小齿轮12；支承多个小齿轮12的行星架13；在行星架13的外径侧与小齿轮12啮合的齿圈15；以及在齿圈15的外径侧保持齿圈15的壳体18。各齿轮是斜齿齿轮(斜齿轮)。接下来，对各构成部件进行详细说明。
太阳齿轮11是配设在行星齿轮机构10的中央的外齿齿轮。太阳齿轮11沿轴向插入第一输入轴61的一端而固定，并且被组装成与第一输入轴61一体旋转。行星架13的轮毂13A被轴承30支承成在第一输入轴61的外周相对旋转。将1挡同步啮合机构80的同步器轮毂80A组装成相对于行星架13的轮毂13A一体旋转。
小齿轮12是以与太阳齿轮11啮合的方式在太阳齿轮11的周围均等地配设有多个的外齿齿轮。小齿轮12的旋转轴12A安装于被称作行星架13的框架上。在行星架13上形成有用于支承小齿轮12的旋转轴12A的支承孔13H。
齿圈15是在小齿轮12的外侧与小齿轮12啮合的内齿齿轮。齿圈15被安装成花键卡合在圆环状的壳体18的一端。由此，齿圈15被固定成相对于壳体18不旋转，并且被固定成能够相对于壳体18在第一输入轴61的轴向上滑动。另外，借助防脱部件18S来防止齿圈15从壳体18脱落。
在行星架13的外径侧端部13G配设有推力滚针轴承20(载荷传递部件)，该推力滚针轴承20与齿圈15的内径侧端部抵接，并且将行星架13和齿圈15保持成能够相对旋转。因此，行星架13的外径侧端部13G形成为比小齿轮12的外径向外径侧突出。推力滚针轴承20将来自齿圈15的轴向载荷传递至行星架13。
在行星齿轮机构10的壳体18上形成有用于支承齿圈15的支承槽18M。并且，支承槽18M的一部分形成为处于推力滚针轴承20的外周侧。由此，支承槽18M不仅支承齿圈15，还具有将供给至行星齿轮机构10的润滑油对推力滚针轴承20进行供给的功能。
接下来，利用附图对行星架13的具体结构进一步进行说明。图3是行星齿轮机构10的行星架13的立体图。在图3中，示出了在行星架13上附带有推力滚针轴承20的状态，省略了其他的齿轮、即太阳齿轮11、小齿轮12、齿圈15。
如图3所示，在本实施方式的行星架13上，在4个支承柱13C之间形成有开口部，以便将4个小齿轮12固定配设于行星架13上。另外，为了支承沿轴向配设于该开口部的旋转轴12A，形成有4个支承孔13H。支承孔13H是在行星架13的周向上等间隔地每隔90度而形成的。另外，为了向推力滚针轴承20供给润滑油，在推力滚针轴承20的内径侧，在支承柱13C的周围形成有润滑油供给槽13M。
通过以上的结构，根据本实施方式的行星齿轮机构10，在行星架13的外径侧端部13G与齿圈15的内径侧端部之间互相抵接的推力滚针轴承20将来自齿圈15的轴向载荷传递至行星架13。因此，齿圈15和行星架13追随地动作。
对此，利用附图详细说明。图4是示出齿圈15和行星架13的详细结构的放大剖视图。图4是将图2的X部分放大了的图。如图4所示，在本实施方式的行星齿轮机构10中使用了斜齿轮，因此，在齿圈15和小齿轮12相啮合的部分处，轴向的载荷向箭头F1方向作用。在此，由于齿圈15的图中右端部与推力滚针轴承20抵接，因此轴向的载荷如箭头F2那样经由推力滚针轴承20传递至行星架13的外径侧端部13G。
这种情况下，由于在壳体18上形成有支承槽18M，因此在齿圈15和壳体18花键卡合的部分，齿圈15在轴向上不与壳体18抵接。因此，齿圈15的轴向载荷没有沿壳体18的轴向进入。
这样，在齿圈15和小齿轮12相啮合的部分处产生轴向载荷的情况下，来自齿圈15的载荷不是传递至壳体18而是传递至行星架13，由此，使得齿圈15与行星架13之间的动作的追随性提高，齿圈15和行星架13一体地动作。由此，能够抑制因齿圈15和行星架13的动作不同步所导致的振动和噪音的发生，从而能够抑制行星齿轮机构10的动作时的振动和噪音。
另外，在壳体18上形成有用于支承齿圈15的支承槽18M，支承槽18M的一部分形成在推力滚针轴承20的外周侧。由此，进入支承槽18M的润滑油沿着图4的箭头D1所示的方向一边被引导一边移动，最终被传递至推力滚针轴承20。这样，齿圈15的支承槽18M也成为供给润滑油的槽，润滑油被有效地供给至推力滚针轴承20，从而使推力滚针轴承20可靠地发挥作用。
图5是行星架13的支承柱13C周边的放大剖视图，(a)是从正面观察润滑油供给槽13M的图，(b)是沿(a)中的A-A线的剖视图。如图5所示，在本实施方式中，在行星架13的推力滚针轴承20的内径侧，形成有用于对推力滚针轴承20供给润滑油的润滑油供给槽13M。由此，进入润滑油供给槽13M的润滑油沿着图5的箭头D2所示的方向一边被引导一边移动，润滑油被有效地供给至推力滚针轴承20。从而，使得推力滚针轴承20可靠地发挥作用，齿圈15和行星架13可靠地追随地动作。
另外，行星架13是通过对多个部件进行焊接而构成的。在本实施方式中，在制造行星架13时，将支承柱13C(一个部件)焊接在比形成于外径侧端部13G(另一个部件)的润滑油供给槽13M靠内侧的部分上。此时，润滑油供给槽13M也作为焊接材料的防漏槽发挥作用。
另外，在本实施方式中，在以内燃机和电动机MOT为驱动源而从第一输入轴61向最终输出轴传递驱动的变速器50中，具有上述的行星齿轮机构10来作为驱动传递部。由此，通过如上述那样抑制行星齿轮机构10的振动和噪音，能够提供抑制了振动和噪音的变速器50。
以上，对本发明的实施方式进行了说明，但本发明并不限定于上述实施方式，能够在权利要求书和在说明书与附图中记述的技术思想的范围内进行各种变形。

Claims (5)

1.一种行星齿轮机构，其特征在于，
所述行星齿轮机构具有：
太阳齿轮，其配设在旋转轴上；
多个小齿轮，它们与所述太阳齿轮的外径侧啮合；
行星架，其支承所述多个小齿轮；
齿圈，其在所述行星架的外径侧与所述小齿轮啮合；以及
壳体，其在所述齿圈的外径侧保持该齿圈，
所述齿圈能够相对于所述壳体在所述旋转轴的轴向上滑动，
在所述行星架的外径侧端部具有载荷传递部件，该载荷传递部件与所述齿圈的内径侧端部抵接，并且将所述行星架和所述齿圈保持成能够相对旋转，将来自所述齿圈的所述轴向的载荷传递至所述行星架。
2.根据权利要求1所述的行星齿轮机构，其特征在于，
在所述壳体上形成有用于支承所述齿圈的支承槽，
所述支承槽的一部分形成为处于所述载荷传递部件的外周侧。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的行星齿轮机构，其特征在于，
在所述行星架的所述载荷传递部件的内径侧，形成有用于对所述载荷传递部件供给润滑油的润滑油供给槽。
4.根据权利要求3所述的行星齿轮机构，其特征在于，
所述行星架是通过对多个部件进行焊接而构成的，并且是通过将所述多个部件中的一个部件焊接于在另一个部件上形成的所述润滑油供给槽的内侧而成为一体的结构。
5.一种变速器，其以内燃机和电动机为驱动源，从所述旋转轴向最终输出轴传递驱动，其特征在于，
具有所述权利要求1至4中的任意一项所述的行星齿轮机构来作为驱动传递部。
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