CN107027552B - Cultivation method suitable for growth of gastrodia elata - Google Patents
Cultivation method suitable for growth of gastrodia elata Download PDFInfo
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- CN107027552B CN107027552B CN201710389267.8A CN201710389267A CN107027552B CN 107027552 B CN107027552 B CN 107027552B CN 201710389267 A CN201710389267 A CN 201710389267A CN 107027552 B CN107027552 B CN 107027552B
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- 241000305491 Gastrodia elata Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 244000221226 Armillaria mellea Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000000797 Hibiscus cannabinus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011569 Armillaria mellea Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 20
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 3
- PUQSUZTXKPLAPR-UJPOAAIJSA-N Gastrodin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=CC=C(CO)C=C1 PUQSUZTXKPLAPR-UJPOAAIJSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010010904 Convulsion Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000001914 calming effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- NQRLWRODNCDUHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-n,6-n,2-trimethylacridine-3,6-diamine Chemical group C1=C(C)C(N)=CC2=NC3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3C=C21 NQRLWRODNCDUHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000024827 Alzheimer disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229930193974 gastrodin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000869 headache Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- PUQSUZTXKPLAPR-NZEXEKPDSA-N helicidol Natural products O([C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)c1ccc(CO)cc1 PUQSUZTXKPLAPR-NZEXEKPDSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
- A01G9/16—Dismountable or portable greenhouses ; Greenhouses with sliding roofs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C1/00—Ammonium nitrate fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly discloses a cultivation method suitable for growth of gastrodia elata. The cultivation method suitable for the growth of the gastrodia elata comprises the following steps of: (1) seed selection: selecting the seed ramie bred by sexual propagation; (2) culturing the armillaria mellea fungus stick; (3) culturing: planting the seed ramie by using a planting box; (4) cultivation management: supplementing water; ventilating; controlling the temperature; fourthly, overwintering treatment. The method for cultivating the gastrodia elata can provide sufficient moisture for growth of the armillaria mellea and the gastrodia elata, and can ensure that the armillaria mellea and the gastrodia elata live in an air circulation environment, so that the gastrodia elata can grow normally.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivation method suitable for growth of gastrodia elata.
Background
Gastrodia elata is an orchidaceae, a perennial edible fungus herbaceous plant, the plant can reach 2m, is a commonly used famous and precious traditional Chinese medicine and is mainly produced in Yunnan, Sichuan, Shanxi, Guizhou and other places. The underground tuber is mainly used as a medicine, the medicine has more than two thousand years of history, the traditional Chinese medicine considers that the gastrodia elata has sweet taste and mild nature and enters the liver channel, has the effects of calming wind and arresting convulsion and calming and sleeping, and is mainly used for treating symptoms such as dizziness, headache due to head wind, numbness of limbs, insomnia, convulsion, epilepsy and the like; in recent years, researches show that the gastrodia elata also has the effects of improving intelligence, strengthening brain and delaying aging, has a certain curative effect on senile dementia, and is more and more concerned by people.
The research on the gastrodia elata planting technology is deepened more and more, and the gastrodia elata cultivated in commodities is increased gradually. Research shows that the content of gastrodin in artificially planted gastrodia elata is higher than that of wild gastrodia elata, the chemical components and pharmacological actions of the artificially planted gastrodia elata are similar to those of the wild gastrodia elata, and the artificially planted gastrodia elata is better than that of the wild gastrodia elata in some aspects. The research result eliminates the doubt of people on planting the gastrodia elata, and artificial planting of the gastrodia elata is more and more common. When the gastrodia elata is planted, the culture of the armillaria mellea is an important step, because the gastrodia elata grows by supplying nutrition to the armillaria mellea, and soil only plays a role in matrix fixation. When the armillaria mellea mycelium extends to the gastrodine body, the front end invades into the epidermal cells of the gastrodine and penetrates the epidermis to enter the cortex, at the moment, the sheath of the mycelium disappears, and the mycelium takes in the nutrition of the gastrodine cells and continues to develop deeply until the cortex is close to the part of the stele, wherein a layer of cells with larger body size exists, so that the armillaria mellea mycelium has strong decomposition capacity, and the mycelium is decomposed and sucked after being invaded.
In the existing planting method of the gastrodia elata, the slope direction is generally selected to be an sunny slope, a semi-sunny slope and a semi-cloudy slope, the soil texture is neutral yellow soil and purple soil, overground vegetation is land blocks with arbor forest lands and shrub forest lands covering less than 60%, every 25cm of the selected land blocks are provided with a pond with 60cm wide and unlimited length, the depth of the pond is 25-30 cm, fungus materials with 60cm long are selected, three rows of fish scale openings are cut on the fungus materials, the fish scale openings are spaced by 3-5 cm, the cut fungus materials with the fish scale openings are fixed in the pond at intervals, 4 fungus materials are placed in each pond, armillaria mellea production seeds are uniformly placed at each wound of the fungus materials, then the soil with 8-10 cm thickness is covered, the fungus materials in the current winter are connected with the armillaria mellea, the soil covered with the fungus materials is planed, the seeds are placed on the fungus materials, 5-7 fungus materials are placed in each section, a small tree section with 3-5 cm long is placed between the seed ramie, and then the soil with 10cm thickness of the soil with 10-12 cm, until the growth of Gastrodia elata in autumn of the next year.
However, the prior cultivation method for planting the gastrodia elata has the following problems: the armillaria mellea is aerobic bacteria, and can survive only in the presence of oxygen, the growth of the armillaria mellea is inhibited when the concentration of carbon dioxide is too high, and the gastrodia elata also needs to survive in an air-permeable and water-permeable environment, although loose sandy loam can improve the air permeability of soil, the soil for cultivating the gastrodia elata needs sufficient moisture, the viscosity of the soil is increased when the soil has certain moisture, and the air-permeable effect is poor; and when the gastrodia elata is planted in a three-dimensional mode, the planting height of the gastrodia elata is high, the air ventilation effect of armillaria mellea and the gastrodia elata at the bottom layer is poor, and the normal growth of the armillaria mellea and the gastrodia elata is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cultivation method suitable for the growth of gastrodia elata, which can provide sufficient moisture for the growth of armillaria mellea and the gastrodia elata and can ensure that the armillaria mellea and the gastrodia elata live in an air circulation environment so that the gastrodia elata can grow normally.
In order to achieve the purpose, the basic scheme of the invention is as follows: the cultivation method is suitable for the growth of the gastrodia elata, the cultivation of the gastrodia elata adopts a planting box, the planting box comprises an irrigation unit, a ventilation unit and a box body, a sieve plate with a plurality of sieve pores and a storage box positioned below the sieve plate are fixed in the lower portion of the box body, and the upper surface of the storage box is an inclined plane; the storage box is internally provided with a partition board which divides the storage box into a left partition layer and a right partition layer, the left partition layer is close to the lower side of the inclined plane, and the right partition layer is close to the upper side of the inclined plane; the upper surface of the left interlayer is provided with a first one-way valve which can only be opened to the left interlayer, and the upper surface of the right interlayer is provided with a second one-way valve which can only be opened to the right interlayer; the irrigation unit comprises a sponge, an L-shaped pipe and an elastic air sleeve, and the sponge is positioned in the L-shaped pipe; the L-shaped pipe comprises a first pipeline and a second pipeline positioned in the upper part of the box body, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in the second pipeline, and a plurality of bulges penetrating through the water outlet holes are arranged on the sponge; the side surface of the left interlayer is communicated with the first pipeline, the other side surface of the left interlayer is provided with a through hole, and the air sleeve is connected to the through hole; the ventilation unit comprises a corrugated cylinder which is deformed under stress and can recover the shape without stress, a third one-way valve which can only be opened towards the inside of the corrugated cylinder is arranged on the corrugated cylinder, and the corrugated cylinder is communicated with the right interlayer;
the cultivation method comprises the following steps:
(1) seed selection: selecting the seed ramie bred by sexual propagation;
(2) culturing the armillaria mellea fungus stick;
(3) culturing: preparing coarse sand and a planting box, paving a layer of coarse sand on a sieve plate of the planting box, scattering a layer of leaves on the surface of the coarse sand, flatly placing bacterium rods on the leaves, wherein the bacterium rods are spaced at intervals of 3-4cm, filling bacterium rod gaps with the coarse sand, leveling the coarse sand when the bacterium rods are buried to be half of the bacterium rods, placing seed ramie in gaps at two sides of the bacterium rods, and keeping the distance between every two kinds of ramie at 13-15 cm; placing a seed hemp at each end of the fungus stick, and filling coarse sand to a position 2-3cm higher than the fungus stick; then another layer is planted on the substrate according to the method;
(4) cultivation management:
supplementing water: adding water into the left interlayer, pressing the air sleeve to enable the water in the left interlayer to flow along the L-shaped pipe, enabling the water to permeate into the sponge and be supplemented into the planting box through the protruding water, and controlling the water content in the planting box to be 62-68%;
ventilation: pressing the corrugated cylinder to enable air to flow in the planting box;
controlling the temperature: controlling the temperature of the incubator at 25-28 ℃;
fourthly, overwintering treatment: transferring the incubator to a refrigerator at 1 month, adjusting the temperature of the refrigerator to 10 deg.C, reducing the temperature by 0.5-1 deg.C every other day until the temperature is reduced to 2 deg.C, and then placing the incubator in the refrigerator for 30-50 days.
The working principle of the basic scheme is as follows: use and plant the case and plant the gastrodia elata, when planting the moisture in the incasement and being too little, press the gas cover, the gas cover takes place deformation, under the effect of pressure, the gas in the gas cover even ventilation cover stretches into left interlayer through the through-hole, and the intraformational volume of left interlayer reduces, therefore the intraformational water of left interlayer upwards flows along the L venturi tube, and water and sponge contact, the sponge pass through the arch with water transfer to plant the incasement, the moisture of supplementary planting the case. When the air sleeve is loosened, the air sleeve is restored to the original state, and the water in the L-shaped pipe falls back into the left interlayer under the action of gravity. When soil in the planting box is ventilated as required, and oxygen is provided for armillaria mellea and gastrodia elata, the corrugated cylinder is pressed, because the corrugated cylinder is communicated with the right interlayer, the volume of the corrugated cylinder is reduced, the air pressure in the right interlayer is increased, the second one-way valve is opened under the action of the air pressure, and air enters the planting box through the second one-way valve to supplement the oxygen in the planting box. When the corrugated cylinder is loosened, the corrugated cylinder is recovered, the volume is increased, the air pressure is reduced, and therefore under the action of the atmospheric pressure, the third one-way valve is opened, and the external air is supplemented into the corrugated cylinder.
The beneficial effect of this basic scheme lies in:
1. set up irrigation unit and ventilation unit, can supply moisture and provide gas for planting the case at any time, for halimasch and gastrodia elata provide an environment that is fit for growing, help improving the output of gastrodia elata.
2. Moisture is supplied to the planting incasement through the arch of passing the second pipeline apopore, because the second pipeline is located the upper portion of case body, consequently the moisture of replenishment is from the top down slowly permeates, and it is too much to avoid the moisture of once replenishment, leads to the gastrodia elata to take place to rot.
3. Set up the sieve, only water can pass through the sieve, and the grit can not drop on the surface of storing the box by isolated, and when the water in planting the case was too much, water fell on the upper surface of storing the box through the sieve, effectively avoided planting the moisture in the case too much. Because the upper surface of the storage box is the inclined plane, the water falling on the upper surface of the storage box slides down along the inclined plane under the action of gravity and is accumulated at the lower part of the inclined plane, when the accumulated water is more, the first check valve is opened under the action of the gravity of the water, the water enters the left interlayer through the first check valve, and the redundant water in the planting box is effectively collected.
Furthermore, a water storage tank is arranged at the upper part of the left interlayer, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the joint of the water storage tank and the left interlayer; a balloon is arranged in the left interlayer, and a piston cylinder is communicated with the balloon; a piston is connected in the piston cylinder in a sliding manner, one side, close to the balloon, of the piston is connected with a first conducting strip, a second conducting strip is arranged in the piston cylinder between the piston and the balloon, the first conducting strip and the second conducting strip are connected through a wire, the wire is connected with the electromagnetic valve, and the wire is also connected with a power supply; when the first conducting strip is connected with the second conducting strip, the electromagnetic valve, the power supply and the conducting wire form a complete circuit. When the left interlayer is filled with water, the water in the left interlayer can extrude the balloon in the left interlayer, the balloon is extruded to deform, part of gas in the balloon can be transferred into the piston cylinder, the gas pushes the piston to slide, and the first conducting strip moves accordingly. Because the moisture of planting the case needs to be replenished, the water in the interlayer of a left side reduces gradually, the pressure that the balloon received reduces, the balloon crescent, then the piston slides to one side that is close to the balloon along the piston cylinder, when the moisture of storing reduces to a certain extent in the interlayer of a left side, first conducting strip slides to the place of being connected with the second conducting strip, first conducting strip is connected with the second conducting strip this moment, the wire, a power supply, the solenoid valve forms a complete circuit, produce electric current in the circuit, the solenoid valve is opened, water in the cistern is replenished to the interlayer of a left side, realize automatic water addition, do not need manual operation, and is very convenient.
Further, the planting box is 85cm long, 52m wide and 56cm high. The planting box with the size is suitable for box planting of the gastrodia elata and is convenient to carry.
Furthermore, the planting box is a plastic planting box. The plastic material can prevent water leakage and is not easy to be soaked and corroded by water.
Further, the pH value in the incubator is detected, and when the pH value in the incubator exceeds 6, the pH value is adjusted to 4.5-5.5 by ferrous sulfate. Gastrodia elata and Armillaria mellea both favor acidic growth environment, and researches show that the growth and propagation speed of the Gastrodia elata and Armillaria mellea is fastest when the pH value is 4.5-5.5.
Further, the growth period of the hemp is 10m per day2Adding 0.5-0.8kg of ammonium nitrate into the gastrodia elata; every 10m in growth period of kenaf2Adding 0.6-1kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer into the gastrodia elata. The gastrodia elata can not generally take nutrition from soil, the nutrition required by the growth of the gastrodia elata is mainly provided by Armillaria mellea, but part of organic and inorganic nutrition can be taken from surrounding soil in part of the growing process of the gastrodia elata, the yield can be improved by applying fertilizer in the growth period of the ambary, the gastrodia elata can bloom in advance by applying additional fertilizer in the growth period of the ambary, the mature period of fruits is shortened, and the fruit setting rate and the germination rate of seeds are improved. And the gastrodia elata and the armillaria mellea both favor acidic growth environments, the ammonium nitrate and the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer are both acidic fertilizers, and the application of the fertilizer can adjust the pH value of soil, so that the gastrodia elata and the armillaria mellea are suitable for growth.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a planting box according to an embodiment of the cultivation method for growing Gastrodia elata of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of C-C in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the box comprises a box body 1, a corrugated cylinder 2, an air sleeve 3, a sponge 4, a bulge 41, a second pipeline 5, a first pipeline 6, a sieve plate 7, a partition plate 8, a left interlayer 81 and a right interlayer 82.
The cultivation method is suitable for the growth of the gastrodia elata, the cultivation of the gastrodia elata adopts a planting box which is a plastic planting box, and the planting box is 85cm long, 52m wide and 56cm high. Plant the case including irrigating unit, ventilation unit and case body 1, be fixed with sieve 7 and be located the storage box of sieve 7 below in the lower part of case body 1, the sieve 7 surface is opened has a plurality of sieve meshes that only allow the rivers to pass through, and the upper surface of storing the box sets up to the inclined plane. The storage box is internally provided with a partition plate 8, the partition plate 8 divides the storage box into a left partition layer 81 and a right partition layer 82, the left partition layer 81 is close to the lower side of the inclined plane, and the right partition layer 82 is close to the upper side of the inclined plane. The upper surface of the left interlayer 81 is provided with a first one-way valve which can only be opened towards the inside of the left interlayer 81; the upper surface of the right partition 82 is provided with a second check valve which can only be opened to the outside of the right partition 82. The irrigation unit comprises a sponge 4, an elastic air sleeve 3 and an L-shaped pipe consisting of a first pipeline 6 and a second pipeline 5, wherein the sponge 4 is positioned in the L-shaped pipe; the air jacket 3 is filled with air, and the air jacket 3 can be deformed by extruding the air jacket 3. The second pipeline 5 of L venturi tube is located the upper portion of case body 1, and it has a plurality of apopores to open on the second pipeline 5, and is equipped with a plurality of archs 41 that match and pass the apopore on the sponge 4. The first pipeline 6 of L venturi tube and one side intercommunication of left interlayer 81, the through-hole has been opened to the opposite side of left interlayer 81, and the through-hole that gas cover 3 is connected is pushed gas cover 3 on, enables gas in gas cover 3 and the gas cover 3 and stretches into in the left interlayer 81. The ventilation unit comprises a corrugated cylinder 2, and the corrugated cylinder 2 is communicated with the right interlayer 82; the corrugated cylinder 2 deforms under stress and can recover the shape when not stressed; the corrugated cylinder 2 is provided with a third one-way valve which can only be opened towards the inside of the corrugated cylinder 2.
The upper part of the left interlayer 81 is provided with a water storage tank, and the joint of the water storage tank and the left interlayer 81 is provided with an electromagnetic valve. The left interlayer 81 is internally provided with a balloon, and the size of the balloon can be changed due to the extrusion of water in the left interlayer 81. The balloon is communicated with a piston cylinder, a piston is connected in the piston cylinder in a sliding mode, one side, close to the balloon, of the piston is connected with a first conducting strip, a second conducting strip is arranged in the piston cylinder between the piston and the balloon, the first conducting strip and the second conducting strip are connected through wires, the wires are also connected with an electromagnetic valve, and a power supply is further connected to the wires. When the first conducting strip contacts with the second conducting strip, the electromagnetic valve, the power supply and the conducting wire can form a complete circuit, and the electromagnetic valve is opened at the moment.
The cultivation method suitable for the growth of the gastrodia elata comprises the following steps of:
(1) seed selection: selecting the seed ramie bred by sexual propagation;
(2) culturing the armillaria mellea fungus stick;
(3) culturing: preparing coarse sand and a planting box, paving a layer of coarse sand on a sieve plate 7 of the planting box, scattering a layer of leaves on the surface of the coarse sand, flatly placing bacterium rods on the leaves, wherein the bacterium rods are spaced at intervals of 3-4cm, filling bacterium rod gaps with the coarse sand, leveling the coarse sand when the bacterium rods are buried to a half of the bacterium rods, placing seed ramie in gaps at two sides of the bacterium rods, and the distance between every two kinds of ramie is 13-15 cm; placing a seed hemp at each end of the fungus stick, and filling coarse sand to a position 2-3cm higher than the fungus stick; then another layer is planted on the substrate according to the method;
(4) cultivation management:
supplementing water: adding water into the left interlayer 81, pressing the air sleeve 3 to enable the water in the left interlayer 81 to flow along the L-shaped pipe, enabling the water to permeate into the sponge 4 and be supplemented into the planting box through the bulge 41, and controlling the water content in the planting box to be 62-68%;
ventilation: pressing the corrugated cylinder 2 to enable air to flow in the planting box;
controlling the temperature: controlling the temperature of the incubator at 25-28 ℃;
monitoring the PH value: detecting the pH value in the planting box, and when the pH value in the planting box exceeds 6, adjusting the pH value to 4.5-5.5 by adopting ferrous sulfate;
overwintering treatment: transferring the incubator to a refrigerator in 1 month, adjusting the temperature of the refrigerator to 10 ℃, reducing the temperature by 0.5-1 ℃ every other day until the temperature is reduced to 2 ℃, and then placing the incubator in the refrigerator for 30-50 days;
sixthly, every 10m in the growth period of the white ramie2Adding 0.5-0.8kg of ammonium nitrate into the gastrodia elata; every 10m in growth period of kenaf2Adding 0.6-1kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer into the gastrodia elata.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The cultivation method suitable for the growth of the gastrodia elata is characterized in that a planting box is adopted for cultivation of the gastrodia elata, the planting box comprises an irrigation unit, a ventilation unit and a box body, a sieve plate with a plurality of sieve pores and a storage box located below the sieve plate are fixed in the lower portion of the box body, and the upper surface of the storage box is an inclined plane; the storage box is internally provided with a partition board which divides the storage box into a left partition layer and a right partition layer, the left partition layer is close to the lower side of the inclined plane, and the right partition layer is close to the upper side of the inclined plane; the upper surface of the left interlayer is provided with a first one-way valve which can only be opened to the left interlayer, and the upper surface of the right interlayer is provided with a second one-way valve which can only be opened to the right interlayer; the irrigation unit comprises a sponge, an L-shaped pipe and an elastic air sleeve, and the sponge is positioned in the L-shaped pipe; the L-shaped pipe comprises a first pipeline and a second pipeline positioned in the upper part of the box body, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in the second pipeline, and a plurality of bulges penetrating through the water outlet holes are arranged on the sponge; the side surface of the left interlayer is communicated with the first pipeline, the other side surface of the left interlayer is provided with a through hole, and the air sleeve is connected to the through hole; the ventilation unit comprises a corrugated cylinder which is deformed under stress and can recover the shape without stress, a third one-way valve which can only be opened towards the inside of the corrugated cylinder is arranged on the corrugated cylinder, and the corrugated cylinder is communicated with the right interlayer; the upper part of the left interlayer is provided with a water storage tank, and the joint of the water storage tank and the left interlayer is provided with an electromagnetic valve; a balloon is arranged in the left interlayer, and a piston cylinder is communicated with the balloon; the piston is connected in the piston cylinder in a sliding mode, one side, close to the balloon, of the piston is connected with a first conducting strip, a second conducting strip is arranged in the piston cylinder between the piston and the balloon, the first conducting strip and the second conducting strip are connected with the electromagnetic valve and the power supply through wires, and when the first conducting strip is connected with the second conducting strip, the electromagnetic valve, the power supply and the wires form a complete circuit;
the cultivation method comprises the following steps:
(1) seed selection: selecting the seed ramie bred by sexual propagation;
(2) culturing the armillaria mellea fungus stick;
(3) culturing: preparing coarse sand and a planting box, paving a layer of coarse sand on a sieve plate of the planting box, scattering a layer of leaves on the surface of the coarse sand, flatly placing bacterium rods on the leaves, wherein the bacterium rods are spaced at intervals of 3-4cm, filling bacterium rod gaps with the coarse sand, leveling the coarse sand when the bacterium rods are buried to be half of the bacterium rods, placing seed ramie in gaps at two sides of the bacterium rods, and keeping the distance between every two kinds of ramie at 13-15 cm; placing a seed hemp at each end of the fungus stick, and filling coarse sand to a position 2-3cm higher than the fungus stick; then another layer is planted on the substrate according to the method;
(4) cultivation management:
supplementing water: adding water into the left interlayer, pressing the air sleeve to enable the water in the left interlayer to flow along the L-shaped pipe, enabling the water to permeate into the sponge and be supplemented into the planting box through the protruding water, and controlling the water content in the planting box to be 62-68%;
ventilation: pressing the corrugated cylinder to enable air to flow in the planting box;
controlling the temperature: controlling the temperature of the incubator at 25-28 ℃;
fourthly, overwintering treatment: transferring the incubator to a refrigerator at 1 month, adjusting the temperature of the refrigerator to 10 deg.C, reducing the temperature by 0.5-1 deg.C every other day until the temperature is reduced to 2 deg.C, and then placing the incubator in the refrigerator for 30-50 days.
2. The cultivation method suitable for the growth of gastrodia elata as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting box is 85cm long, 52m wide and 56cm high.
3. The cultivation method suitable for the growth of gastrodia elata as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting box is a plastic planting box.
4. The cultivation method for growing Gastrodia elata as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pH value in the incubator is detected, and when the pH value in the incubator exceeds 6, the pH value is adjusted to 4.5-5.5 by ferrous sulfate.
5. The cultivation method suitable for the growth of Gastrodia elata Blume as claimed in claim 1, wherein the growth period of the Gastrodia elata Blume is 10 m/min2Adding 0.5-0.8kg of ammonium nitrate into the gastrodia elata; every 10m in growth period of kenaf2Adding 0.6-1kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer into the gastrodia elata.
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| CN107439350B (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2019-11-19 | 道真仡佬族苗族自治县联合中药材种植科技服务中心 | Armillaria mellea accreting with Rhizoma Gastrodiae breeding method |
| CN107896700A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-13 | 贵州省台江县西南苗药原生态研究开发有限公司 | A kind of rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation incubator |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102369855A (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2012-03-14 | 曹玉会 | Four-season constant temperature gastrodia elata cultivation cellar and gastrodia elata cultivation method |
| CN203251747U (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-10-30 | 天津市盘宇农业技术开发有限公司 | Gastrodia elata cultivating device |
| CN103891511A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-07-02 | 郴州市芝草食用菌科技开发有限公司 | Box-type planting device for tall gastrodia tuber |
| CN104663218A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2015-06-03 | 曹安江 | Box planting method for gastrodia elata |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102369855A (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2012-03-14 | 曹玉会 | Four-season constant temperature gastrodia elata cultivation cellar and gastrodia elata cultivation method |
| CN203251747U (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-10-30 | 天津市盘宇农业技术开发有限公司 | Gastrodia elata cultivating device |
| CN103891511A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-07-02 | 郴州市芝草食用菌科技开发有限公司 | Box-type planting device for tall gastrodia tuber |
| CN104663218A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2015-06-03 | 曹安江 | Box planting method for gastrodia elata |
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