CN106912870A - 一种基于增强抗氧化性的健康的高营养食品的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种基于增强抗氧化性的健康的高营养食品的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种基于增强抗氧化性的健康的高营养食品的制备方法,由以下成分及重量份组成:石柱人参1~5份、菊花1~5份、短梗五加茶3~9份、茯苓3~9份、黑芝麻3~9份、桃仁1~5份、蜂花粉3~9份、银耳1~5份、黑木耳1~5份、猴头菇1~5份、香菇2~8份、葡萄籽1~5份、番茄红素0.02~0.06份、蜂王浆0.5~1.5份、鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽液20~40份、防腐剂0.03~0.06份。本发明制备的抗氧化性的健康的高营养食品营养成分含量高、防腐性好,具有一定的抑菌效果,抗氧化性优异,制备方法简单具有很好的推广价值和应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于营养补充剂领域,具体涉及一种基于增强抗氧化性的健康的高营养食品的制备方法。
背景技术
我国由于加工主要分布在浙江、广东、福建和山东,鱿鱼年加工量为30~40万吨,其中鱿鱼皮占加工量8%~10%。鱿鱼皮中含有大量的胶原蛋白,是提取胶原的很好原料,如果不对其进行进一步加工处理利用,不仅造成资源的极大浪费,更严重的是直接导致环境污染,从鱿鱼加工废弃物鱿鱼皮中提取胶原蛋白,制备胶原蛋白多肽,既可以减少对环境的污染,又能提高企业的经济效益,提高水产品加工利用水平。鱿鱼富含钙、磷、铁元素,利于骨骼发育和造血,能有效治疗贫血;鱿鱼除富含蛋白质和人体所需的氨基酸外,还含有大量的牛黄酸,可抑制血液中的胆固醇含量,缓解疲劳,恢复视力,改善肝脏功能;鱿鱼所含多肽和硒有抗病毒、抗射线作用。
目前市场上的高营养食品容易氧化变色,现有的抗氧化剂在阻止氧化、延长产品保鲜时间上存在欠缺。另外,市场上的高营养食品容易产生氧化损伤,氧化损伤是导致人类疾病的一个重要因素。抗氧化的功能性营养食品能预防或改善这些 疾病的发生风险。
现有技术提供多种具有抗氧化功能的补充剂,例如,中国发明授权专利 授权公告号CN 101496603 B一种具有增强免疫力和抗氧化功能的保健食 该发明公开了一种具有增强免疫力和抗氧化功能的保健食品,该保健食品的活性组分及其重量份配比是 :灵芝 30~ 150、白术 3 ~ 50、茯苓3 ~ 50、薏苡仁 3 ~ 50、黄精 3 ~ 50、枸杞子 3 ~50、麦冬 3 ~ 35、党参 3 ~ 35。该发明保健食品具有增强免疫功能,增强抗氧化,增进健康状况的作用。本发明保健食品是以天然中草药为主要原料制备,可长期服用,通过功能学试验,其结果证实具有的增强免疫力和抗氧化作用,效果显著,但该保健食品的蛋白含量不太理想,在抗氧化性、防腐性和营养成分上还具有提升空间。
发明内容
本发明针对上述技术问题提供一种食品营养成分含量高、活性好,具有一定的抑菌效果,抗氧化性优异,制备方法简单的一种基于增强抗氧化性的健康的高营养食品的制备方法。
本发明针对上述技术问题所采的方案为:一种基于增强抗氧化性的健康的高营养食品,由以下成分及重量份组成:石柱人参1~5份、菊花1~5份、短梗五加茶3~9份、茯苓3~9份、黑芝麻3~9份、桃仁1~5份、蜂花粉3~9份、银耳1~5份、黑木耳1~5份、猴头菇1~5份、香菇2~8份、葡萄籽1~5份、番茄红素0.02~0.06份、蜂王浆0.5~1.5份、鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽液20~40份、防腐剂0.03~0.06份。
防腐剂由以下成分及重量份组成:乳酸链球菌素20~40份,海藻糖10~20份,壳聚糖4~8份,芹绿素0.5~0.8份、甘草黄酮0.06~0.2份、甘氨酸2~4份,竹叶抗氧化物2~4份。该防腐剂无毒无副作用,稳定性好,可在避光处长期保存,添加在高营养食品中可长期保持抗菌活性,不受温度、pH影响,抗氧化、抗自由基、水溶性好,添加方便,抗菌广谱性好,可显著延长产品保质期,还在一定程度上提升食品的降血压、降血脂功能,提高食品安全性。
一种基于增强抗氧化性的健康的高营养食品的制备方法,制备方法如下:
1)制备鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽:取新鲜鱿鱼皮清洗,匀浆,加去离子水,调pH值,加0.4~0.6%鱿鱼皮质量的复合酶,酶解,脱色,调pH值,过滤,得鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽液,冻干备用;
2)制备干浸膏:按重量份计:取石柱人参、茯苓,用85%乙醇提取2~3次合并提取液,浓缩,干燥,得干浸膏A,取黑芝麻、葡萄籽、桃仁,用95%乙醇提取2~3次合并提取液,浓缩,干燥,得干浸膏B,取短梗五加茶、猴头菇、香菇,用蒸馏水提取2~3次合并提取液,浓缩,干燥,得干浸膏C,取菊花、银耳、黑木耳,用70%乙醇提取2~3次合并提取液,浓缩,干燥,得干浸膏D;
3)合并:将干浸膏A、B、C、D分别粉碎后混合,按重量份计:取蜂花粉、番茄红素,混合,粉碎得混合粉E,取蜂王浆、鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽液、混合粉E、防腐剂混合,灌装入胶囊壳,得高营养食品。
步骤1中加入鱿鱼皮体积9~11倍的去离子水,用0.1mol/LNaOH溶液调pH值至7.5~8.5,通过加入去离子水及调节pH值为酶解做工艺准备,以获得优异的酶解效果,提升获得的鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽的纯度和提取率。
步骤1中加鱿鱼皮质量0.4~0.6%的复合酶,在50~60℃条件下,酶解80~100min,加1.43~1.7%鱿鱼皮质量的活性炭粉末脱色,用3mol/L盐酸调pH值至5.5~6.5,在30~40℃条件下脱色20~40min。复合酶可充分的将鱿鱼皮中的蛋白酶解出来,鱿鱼蛋白分解效果优异,通过盐酸可达到快速调节pH值的效果,节约制备时间,采用活性炭粉末进行脱色,无残留脱色效果好,可减小多肽的损失率,活性炭粉末滤除水洗后进行烘干可重复使用,环保经济。
步骤3中将干浸膏A、B、C、D分别粉碎至50~150目后混合,按重量份取蜂花粉、番茄红素,混合,粉碎至150~300目得混合粉E,有利于人体吸收各成分中的营养物质,发挥高营养食品的优异效果,也有利于肠道消化,避免颗粒过大无法吸收造成浪费的情况发生。
步骤1中的复合酶由以下成分及重量份组成:碱性蛋白酶5~8份、中性蛋白酶1~4份、风味蛋白酶1~3份、胰蛋白酶5~15份。通过多种蛋白酶协同作用提高鱿鱼蛋白的获取率,及多种类的鱿鱼活性肽,获得优异的酶解效果,提高获得的鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽的纯度和提取率。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:以鱿鱼加工后的鱿鱼皮作为原料制备胶原蛋白多肽,不仅成本低,还可以减少对环境的污染,提高水产品加工利用水平,同时采用中药原料健康高效的增强了鱿鱼蛋白的抗氧化性,加入的防腐剂可长期保持抗菌活性,受温度、pH影响,抗氧化、抗自由基、水溶性好,添加方便,抗菌广谱性好,可显著延长产品保质期,还在一定程度上提升食品的降血压、降血脂功能,提高食品安全性。通过多种蛋白酶协同作用提高鱿鱼蛋白的获取率,及多种类的鱿鱼活性肽,获得优异的酶解效果,提高获得的鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽的纯度和提取率。本发明制备的抗氧化性的健康的高营养食品营养成分含量高、防腐性好,具有一定的抑菌效果,抗氧化性优异,制备方法简单具有很好的推广价值和应用前景。
具体实施例
以下结合实施例作进一步详细描述:
实施例1:
一种基于增强抗氧化性的健康的高营养食品,由以下成分及重量份组成:石柱人参1~5份、菊花1~5份、短梗五加茶3~9份、茯苓3~9份、黑芝麻3~9份、桃仁1~5份、蜂花粉3~9份、银耳1~5份、黑木耳1~5份、猴头菇1~5份、香菇2~8份、葡萄籽1~5份、番茄红素0.02~0.06份、蜂王浆0.5~1.5份、鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽液20~40份、防腐剂0.03~0.06份。
防腐剂按重量份为如下比例:乳酸链球菌素:海藻糖:壳聚糖:芹绿素:甘草黄酮:甘氨酸:竹叶抗氧化物=20~40:10~20:4~8:0.5~0.8:0.06~0.2:2~4:2~4。该防腐剂无毒无副作用,稳定性好,可在避光处长期保存,添加在高营养食品中可长期保持抗菌活性,不受温度、pH影响,抗氧化、抗自由基、水溶性好,添加方便,抗菌广谱性好,可显著延长产品保质期,还在一定程度上提升食品的降血压、降血脂功能,提高食品安全性。
一种基于增强抗氧化性的健康的高营养食品的制备方法,制备方法如下:
1)制备鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽:取新鲜鱿鱼皮清洗,匀浆,加去离子水,调pH值,加0.4~0.6%鱿鱼皮质量的复合酶,酶解,脱色,调pH值,过滤,得鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽液,冻干备用;
2)制备干浸膏:按重量份计:取石柱人参、茯苓,用85%乙醇提取2~3次合并提取液,浓缩,干燥,得干浸膏A,取黑芝麻、葡萄籽、桃仁,用95%乙醇提取2~3次合并提取液,浓缩,干燥,得干浸膏B,取短梗五加茶、猴头菇、香菇,用蒸馏水提取2~3次合并提取液,浓缩,干燥,得干浸膏C,取菊花、银耳、黑木耳,用70%乙醇提取2~3次合并提取液,浓缩,干燥,得干浸膏D;
3)合并:将干浸膏A、B、C、D分别粉碎后混合,按重量份计:取蜂花粉、番茄红素,混合,粉碎得混合粉E,取蜂王浆、鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽液、混合粉E、防腐剂混合,灌装入胶囊壳,得高营养食品。
步骤1中加入鱿鱼皮体积9~11倍的去离子水,用0.1mol/LNaOH溶液调pH值至7.5~8.5,通过加入去离子水及调节pH值为酶解做工艺准备,以获得优异的酶解效果,提升获得的鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽的纯度和提取率。
步骤1中加鱿鱼皮质量0.4~0.6%的复合酶,在50~60℃条件下,酶解80~100min,加1.43~1.7%鱿鱼皮质量的活性炭粉末脱色,用3mol/L盐酸调pH值至5.5~6.5,在30~40℃条件下脱色20~40min。复合酶可充分的将鱿鱼皮中的蛋白酶解出来,鱿鱼蛋白分解效果优异,通过盐酸可达到快速调节pH值的效果,节约制备时间,采用活性炭粉末进行脱色,无残留脱色效果好,可减小多肽的损失率,活性炭粉末性炭滤除后经水洗,在160~200℃下烘烤2~4小时可重复使用,环保经济。
步骤3中将干浸膏A、B、C、D分别粉碎至50~150目后混合,按重量份取蜂花粉、番茄红素,混合,粉碎至150~300目得混合粉E,有利于人体吸收各成分中的营养物质,发挥高营养食品的优异效果,也有利于肠道消化,避免颗粒过大无法吸收造成浪费的情况发生。
步骤1中的复合酶由以下成分及重量份组成:碱性蛋白酶5~8份、中性蛋白酶1~4份、风味蛋白酶1~3份、胰蛋白酶5~15份。通过多种蛋白酶协同作用提高鱿鱼蛋白的获取率,及多种类的鱿鱼活性肽,获得优异的酶解效果,提高获得的鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽的纯度和提取率。
实施例2:
一种基于增强抗氧化性的健康的高营养食品,由以下成分及优选的重量份组成:石柱人参4份、菊花3份、短梗五加茶6份、茯苓7份、黑芝麻5份、桃仁4份、蜂花粉6份、银耳4份、黑木耳3份、猴头菇4份、香菇6份、葡萄籽3份、番茄红素0.05份、蜂王浆1份、鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽液30份、防腐剂0.05份。
防腐剂由以下成分及优选的重量份组成:乳酸链球菌素30份,海藻糖15份,壳聚糖6份,芹绿素0.6份、甘草黄酮0.18份、甘氨酸3份,竹叶抗氧化物3份。芹绿素和甘草黄酮能与海藻糖、竹叶抗氧化物等结合,提升活性物质的保活时间。该防腐剂无毒无副作用,稳定性好,可在避光处长期保存,添加在高营养食品中可长期保持抗菌活性,不受温度、pH影响,抗氧化、抗自由基、水溶性好,添加方便,抗菌广谱性好,可显著延长产品保质期,还在一定程度上提升食品的降血压、降血脂功能,提高食品安全性。
竹叶抗氧化物,CNS 号:04.019,英文名称:antioxidant of bamboo leaves。竹叶抗氧化物是采用现代生物工程技术手段从特定的刚竹属(phyllostachys)竹子的嫩叶中提取的、以黄酮和酚类化合物为有效成分的天然、营养、多功能的食品抗氧化剂。
一种基于增强抗氧化性的健康的高营养食品的制备方法,制备方法如下:
1)制备鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽:取新鲜鱿鱼皮清洗,匀浆,加入鱿鱼皮体积9~11倍的去离子水,用0.1mol/LNaOH溶液调pH值优选至7.8,加优选的0.5%鱿鱼皮质量的复合酶,在优选的55℃条件下,酶解80~100min,加优选的1.5%鱿鱼皮质量的活性炭粉末脱色,用3mol/L盐酸调pH值至优选的6,在优选的35℃条件下脱色20~40min,用板框压滤机将活性炭滤除,得鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽液,放入冷冻干燥机冻干,备用;
2)制备干浸膏:按重量份计:取石柱人参、茯苓,用85%乙醇提取,回流3h,二次提取,合并提取液,真空浓缩,在优选的58℃下干燥3h,得干浸膏A;取黑芝麻、葡萄籽、桃仁,用95%乙醇提取,回流3h,二次提取,合并提取液,真空浓缩,在优选的52℃下干燥3h,得干浸膏B;取短梗五加茶、猴头菇、香菇,用蒸馏水提取,回流3h,二次提取,合并提取液,真空浓缩,在优选的54℃下干燥,得干浸膏C;取菊花、银耳、黑木耳,用70%乙醇提取,回流3h,三次提取,合并提取液,真空浓缩,在优选的57℃下干燥,得干浸膏D;
3)合并:将干浸膏A、B、C、D分别粉碎至优选的100目后混合,按重量份计:取蜂花粉、番茄红素,混合,粉碎至优选的200目得混合粉E,取蜂王浆、鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽液、混合粉E、防腐剂,按软胶囊制作方法制备并灌装入胶囊壳,得高营养食品。
步骤1~3中的常规技术为本领域技术人员所知晓的现有技术,在此不作详细叙述。
步骤1中的复合酶由以下成分及优选的重量份组成:碱性蛋白酶6份、中性蛋白酶3份、风味蛋白酶2份、胰蛋白酶10份。通过多种蛋白酶协同作用提高鱿鱼蛋白的获取率,及多种类的鱿鱼活性肽,获得优异的酶解效果,提高获得的鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽的纯度和提取率。
实施例3:
取新鲜鱿鱼皮0.4kg,清洗后沥干水分,匀浆后加水4kg,并用0.1mol/LNaOH调节PH值到8.0,搅拌均匀。加入2g复合酶混匀,在55℃条件下酶解90min,得到鱼皮酶解液,加入6g活性炭粉末,用3mol/L盐酸调节PH为6.0,28℃下脱色40min, 用板框压滤机将活性炭滤除,用冷冻离心机在4~10℃离心15min,活性炭水洗后在180℃烘烤3小时重复应用,将脱色后的胶原液放入真空冷冻干燥机冻干。
明胶脱色前后冻干对比:不经活性炭脱色的胶原液和经过活性炭脱色的胶原液经真空冷冻干燥机冻干后颜色对比。
胶原的紫外图谱分析:将胶原冻干品溶于0.5mol/L酸醋中,配成质量分数为0.05%的胶原溶液。以0.5mol/L醋酸溶液做空白对照,全波长(200nm~800nm)扫描,用紫外分光光度计测定其吸收光谱。
可以看到,全波长(200nm~800nm)扫描发现在225nm处有明显吸收峰,与现有技术中鱿鱼皮胶原的报道一致。
胶原提取率:
鱿鱼皮含有胶原蛋白的质量等于羟脯氨酸含量×14.1。计算得:胶原蛋白的含量为11.624%。将40g鱿鱼皮提取的胶原脱色后冻干称重得3.8722g。
胶原提取率=× 100%
=×100%
=83.28%
色差变化率和胶原蛋白损失率:
以脱色前后的明胶液与蒸馏水作为空白测定色差值,并记为ΔE1、ΔE2。色差变化率=(ΔE1-ΔE2)/ΔE1×100%。脱色前后的明胶液用考马斯亮蓝法测定其吸光度记为脱色前A595、脱色后A595。
色差变化率= × 100%
= × 100%
=84.67%
多肽损失率=(脱色前A595- 脱色后A595)/脱色前A595 × 100%。
多肽损失率= × 100%
= × 100%
=9.61%
按重量份计:取石柱人参1000g、茯苓6000g,用85%乙醇提取,回流3h,二次提取,合并提取液,真空浓缩,在58℃下干燥3h,得干浸膏A;取黑芝麻300g、葡萄籽1000g、桃仁2000g,用95%乙醇提取,回流3h,二次提取,合并提取液,真空浓缩,在52℃下干燥3h,得干浸膏B;取短梗五加茶3000g、猴头菇3000g、香菇3000g,用蒸馏水提取,回流3h,二次提取,合并提取液,真空浓缩,在54℃下干燥,得干浸膏C;取菊花1000g、银耳2000g、黑木耳2000g,用70%乙醇提取,回流3h,三次提取,合并提取液,真空浓缩,在优选的57℃下干燥,得干浸膏D;
合并:将干浸膏A、B、C、D分别粉碎至100目后混合,按重量份计:取蜂花粉18g、番茄红素20g,混合,粉碎至200目得混合粉E,取蜂王浆500g、鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽液2000g、混合粉E5600g、防腐剂5g,按软胶囊制作方法制备并灌装入胶囊壳,得高营养食品。
应当理解,这些实施案例的用途仅用于说明本发明而非意欲限制本发明的保护范围。此外,也应理解,在阅读了本发明的技术内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动、修改和变型,所有的这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的保护范围内。
Claims (7)
1.一种基于增强抗氧化性的健康的高营养食品,其特征在于:所述高营养食品由以下成分及重量份组成:石柱人参1~5份、菊花1~5份、短梗五加茶3~9份、茯苓3~9份、黑芝麻3~9份、桃仁1~5份、蜂花粉3~9份、银耳1~5份、黑木耳1~5份、猴头菇1~5份、香菇2~8份、葡萄籽1~5份、番茄红素0.02~0.06份、蜂王浆0.5~1.5份、鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽液20~40份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于增强抗氧化性的健康的高营养食品,其特征在于:还含有防腐剂0.03~0.06份;所述防腐剂按重量份为如下比例:乳酸链球菌素:海藻糖:壳聚糖:芹绿素:甘草黄酮:甘氨酸:竹叶抗氧化物=20~40:10~20:4~8:0.5~0.8:0.06~0.2:2~4:2~4。
3.一种基于增强抗氧化性的健康的高营养食品的制备方法,其特征在于:制备方法如下:
1)制备鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽:取新鲜鱿鱼皮清洗,匀浆,加去离子水,调pH值,加0.4~0.6%鱿鱼皮质量的复合酶,酶解,调pH值,脱色,过滤,得鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽液,冻干备用;
2)制备干浸膏:按重量份计:取石柱人参、茯苓,用85%乙醇提取2~3次合并提取液,浓缩,干燥,得干浸膏A,取黑芝麻、葡萄籽、桃仁,用95%乙醇提取2~3次合并提取液,浓缩,干燥,得干浸膏B,取短梗五加茶、猴头菇、香菇,用蒸馏水提取2~3次合并提取液,浓缩,干燥,得干浸膏C,取菊花、银耳、黑木耳,用70%乙醇提取2~3次合并提取液,浓缩,干燥,得干浸膏D;
3)合并:将干浸膏A、B、C、D分别粉碎后混合,按重量份计:取蜂花粉、番茄红素,混合,粉碎得混合粉E,取蜂王浆、鱿鱼胶原蛋白多肽液、混合粉E、防腐剂混合,灌装得到成品。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于增强抗氧化性的健康的高营养食品的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1中加入鱿鱼皮体积9~11倍的去离子水,用0.1mol/LNaOH溶液调pH值至7.5~8.5。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于增强抗氧化性的健康的高营养食品的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1中加鱿鱼皮质量0.4~0.6%的复合酶,在50~60℃条件下,酶解80~100min,加1.43~1.7%鱿鱼皮质量的活性炭粉末脱色,用3mol/L盐酸调pH值至5.5~6.5,在30~40℃条件下脱色20~40min。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于增强抗氧化性的健康的高营养食品的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤3中将干浸膏A、B、C、D分别粉碎至50~150目后混合,按重量份取蜂花粉、番茄红素,混合,粉碎至150~300目得混合粉E。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于增强抗氧化性的健康的高营养食品的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1中的复合酶由以下成分及重量份组成:碱性蛋白酶5~8份、中性蛋白酶1~4份、风味蛋白酶1~3份、胰蛋白酶5~15份。
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