CN106852496A - The method of the triterpenes synthesis contained by induction mushroom gill fungus - Google Patents
The method of the triterpenes synthesis contained by induction mushroom gill fungus Download PDFInfo
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- CN106852496A CN106852496A CN201510904267.8A CN201510904267A CN106852496A CN 106852496 A CN106852496 A CN 106852496A CN 201510904267 A CN201510904267 A CN 201510904267A CN 106852496 A CN106852496 A CN 106852496A
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- gill fungus
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of the triterpenes synthesis induced contained by mushroom gill fungus, it is to be placed in mushroom gill fungus to carry out hot and humid fermentation in temperature controlled compartment, (also known as Mei Na reaction Maillard reaction) after mushroom gill fungus occurs browning reaction, that is, complete the purpose of the triterpenes content lifting in mushroom gill fungus.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for lifting triterpenes content in mushroom gill fungus, espespecially a kind of triterpene induced contained by mushroom gill fungus
The method that class synthesizes and improves content.
Background technology
Mushroom Mushrooms contain many materials beneficial to human body, therefore, since ancient times, mushroom Mushrooms are just usually brought work
The food materials used by medicinal material or tonic.
Foremost in mushroom Mushrooms to represent thing as ganoderma lucidum, the range of application of ganoderma lucidum widely, come by the angle with regard to the traditional Chinese medical science
See, it can enter the five internal organs kidney help whole body QI of five ZANG-organs, thus no matter the heart, lung, the dirty weakness of liver,spleen,kidney, can profit
It is used as benefit body is taken good care of with ganoderma lucidum, significantly improves the immunologic function of human body, improve the effect such as resistance, list can be promoted
The phagocytic function of core macrophage, ganoderma lucidum has protective effect to the hepatic injury that various chemistry and biological factor cause no matter
Before liver damage generation or after generation, taking ganoderma lucidum can all protect liver, mitigate hepar damnification, and cardiac muscle is lacked
Blood has protective effect, can be widely used for the treatment and prevention of coronary heart diseases and angina pectoris etc..Wherein, it is many contained by ganoderma lucidum
The materials such as candy body, can cause that taking ganoderma lucidum has obvious function of delaying senility, adjusts metabolic balance, promote nucleic acid and egg
The synthesis of white matter.Research shows, the biosynthesis of the nucleic acid and protein of serum, liver and marrow when ganoderma lucidum can promote,
Therefore can be effectively disease-resistant anti-aging, and why so extensively its operation strategies and effect, itself main reason is that
Composition-the Polysaccharides (Polysaccharide) being had and triterpenes (Triterpenoids).
Triterpenes (Triterpenoids) is its bitter taste main source, according to the difference of triterpenes chemical constitution, current area
It is divided into the compositions such as ganoderic acid, the acid of red sesame sporozoite, red sesame acid, lucidone, red clever acid.Triterpenes has strong pharmacology
Activity, can protect liver, reduce blood sugar and blood fat, hypotensive, analgesic, calmness, suppress histamine releasing, be good for
The effects such as stomach, anti-inflammatory, antiallergy, fine removing toxic substances, liver protection, suppression growth of tumour cell.
Because the triterpene compound in variety classes ganoderma lucidum has varietY specificity, therefore analyze triterpene compound
Composition, can be used as one of foundation of identification lucidum variety, and the pharmacological activity of variety classes ganoderic acid respectively has characteristic, such as spirit
Sesame acid can suppress the release of histamine, ganosporelactjone A has reduction cholesterol effect, and ganoderma lucidum triterpene then can
Effectively suppress Angiotensin Converting ferment activity and expansion of blood vessels, clinically prove have hypotensive and effect for reducing blood fat,
Also there is inhibitory action to tumour cell simultaneously, it can also be used to prevent and treat hepatitis.In addition, from literature, ganoderma lucidum product
It is separated go out 3 kinds of tetracyclo-triterpene acids, with suppressing Escherichia coli, aerobacteria, staphylococcus aureus and withered grass bud
The effect of spore bacillus growth activity.
However, mushroom Mushrooms are when edible, satiety is easily produced, therefore be difficult the enough triterpenes of intake, for body
The help of body is limited.
The content of the invention
To lift the triterpene compound in mushroom Mushrooms, present inventor utilizes its experience for many years,
Work out a kind of method of the triterpenes synthesis being substantially improved in mushroom Mushrooms.
The method of the triterpenes synthesis contained by present invention induction mushroom gill fungus, it is comprised the steps of：An at least mushroom gill fungus is placed in
Fermented in one ring control environment；Wherein, the temperature in the ring control environment is maintained between 25 DEG C to 100 DEG C, and should
Humidity in ring control environment is between 75% to 95%；Put in above-mentioned environment at least 30 days, treat that mushroom gill fungus completes
After browning reaction, that is, complete.
After inspection, the mushroom Mushrooms after being processed via the above method are confirmed, the triterpenes in it will be substantially improved, profit
In edible intake.
Preferably, the color that the mushroom gill fungus completes browning reaction is black.
Preferably, the temperature changes in the range of over time with the humidity, can thereby promote the mechanism of triterpene synthesis
Occur.
Preferably, the mushroom gill fungus is ganoderma lucidum, and the triterpenes of itself has belonged to more person in mushroom Mushrooms, therefore will via this method
More triterpenes can be converted to.
Be may be such that by this method and be substantially improved for the helpful triterpenes of human body in it, for eater, phase
With amount, then fechtable arrive more triterpenes, help it is a lot of.Furthermore, induced by this method after producing,
The lifting of the content of triterpenes can be beneficial to being extracted, for the making or the mixing of other edible patterns of lozenge, more
Facilitate help.Also, be not required to boil i.e. edible, human body is allowed directly to absorb more triterpenes, generation more has
The help of effect.
According to above-mentioned plurality of advantages, and to make auditor to the further understanding of the application, therefore disclose one and preferably implement
Mode is as follows, coordinates schema, figure number, and constitution content of the invention and its effect reached are described in detail as after：
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is implementing procedure figure of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the cross-reference photo that ganoderma lucidum is implemented through the inventive method.
Specific embodiment
The following is embodiment, but present disclosure is not limited to the scope of these embodiments.
Please coordinate the schematic flow sheet of the inventive method shown in Fig. 1.
A kind of method of the triterpenes synthesis induced contained by mushroom gill fungus of the present invention, it is comprised the steps of：First will an at least mushroom
Gill fungus is placed in a ring control environment is fermented, and the temperature in the ring control environment is maintained between 25 DEG C to 100 DEG C,
And the humidity in the greenhouse be 75% to 95% between；Put in above-mentioned ring control environment, treat that mushroom gill fungus completes brown stain anti-
Ying Hou, that is, complete.
Wherein, can be put in above-mentioned ring control environment at least more than 30 days, be fully finished browning reaction.Also, should
Mushroom gill fungus transformation color is black.Also, the temperature changes in the range of over time with the humidity, and can correspond to and produce
Required synthetic reaction.
Ganoderma lucidum by this method ganoderma lucidum (as one of mushroom Mushrooms) after purification and before not purifying is tried
Test the report of detection, can learn that free amino acid composition has been promoted to 70.92mg/100g, Polysaccharides (with glucose meter)
1.20g/100g (Polysaccharides Polysaccharide can provide several effects beneficial to human body) has been lifted, triterpenes
Data corresponding to state crest, far above the data purified without this method.Thus can demonstrate,prove, be lured through this method high temperature
Triterpenes, polysaccharides and free amino acid after leading in the ganoderma lucidum of gained can be significantly increased really.Triterpenes (including red sesame
Acid, red sesame cave, ganoderic acid, red clever acid etc., are the sources of ganoderma lucidum bitter taste, can protect liver, reduce blood sugar and blood fat,
The symptom such as hypotensive, antiallergy and eliminating inflammation and expelling toxin, anti-asthmatic attack or hyperhydrochloria, therefore increase the content of triterpenes,
Refined for general edible or medicine, all there is sizable help.
The growth scope of general microorganism when temperature is too high, can cause the egg of microbial cell between 0 DEG C to 70 DEG C
White matter is denatured and causes thalline dead.The dead temperature of microorganism is different because of its species, it is however generally that, when temperature is reached
At 80 DEG C, microbial physiology metabolic response speed can be reduced rapidly, and reaction rate can start to raise；When temperature is reached
At more than 80 DEG C, reaction is more and more rapider with the rising of temperature.When in ring control environment temperature in 80 DEG C or so, pH
At 8.5 or so, and in the presence of having the materials such as oxygen, carbohydrate and amine, carbohydrate
And its derivative is unstable, its reaction is quite violent, and one reaction of most important of which is browning reaction,
Including ferment brown stain (Enzymic Browning) and non-ferment brown stain (Nonenzymic Browning)
Mushroom Mushrooms (can also claim During High-Temperature Composting processing procedure) in the processing procedure of this method, cause being polymerized for polysaccharide and Amino acid, enter
And the generation for being catalyzed non-ferment brown stain (also known as Mei Na reactions (Maillard reaction), will make mushroom gill fungus appearance color become deep
Color (by taking ganoderma lucidum as an example, it will become black), meanwhile, the change of temperature will promote the generation of triterpenes synthesis mechanism.
The method (compost processing procedure) of the present embodiment can be divided into megathermal period, middle temperature phase and hypothermic phase.(about 4 in the megathermal period
My god), organic material contains many labile organic principles, such as Amino acid, protein, fat organic principle, meeting
Fermentation is decomposed and produces the organic acids such as phenolic acid, while temperature can accumulate in accumulation body, temperature reaches as high as more than 70 DEG C,
Most of organic material such as many pathogens of the attachment such as husk, straw, fecaluria, worm's ovum and weed seed are high herein
Can be killed under temperature, and Determination of Organic Acids is decomposed, it is possible to decrease the harm to crop, so by the effect of megathermal period,
Produce the quality of purifying more excellent and stabilization.
During the middle temperature phase (about 6 days), when labile organic component is decomposed by the microorganisms and reduces and contain in material
During amount, now microorganism based on mesophilic bacterium, actinomyces and fungi, therefore temperature will slightly decline, it is general in
Warm phase temperature between 50 DEG C to 60 DEG C, the organic component of this stage decomposition based on cellulose, when compost type is purified,
Decomposed by Soil Microorganism and disengage inorganic nutrient again, so the temperature-visualized in this stage is compost type purifying has slow
One of key factor of property purification effect.
During hypothermic phase (about 20 days), bacterium, actinomyces, fungi and some protozoans are all very active, put
Line bacterium can amount reproduction, and based on decomposition of cellulose and lignin, now temperature is gradually decrease to less than 50 DEG C, and
Temperature is not also rising after turning, and mushroom gill fungus color transition produces similar mud into deep brown-black, the stink without nose of choking
The fragrance of soil, now mushroom gill fungus is close to the maturation stage.
Transformed bacteria Scytalidium spp.Humicola spp., growth optimum temperature is between 45 DEG C to 50 DEG C, and temperature is high
When going out 50 DEG C, have a strong ammonia reaction, mesophilic property fungi between about 48 DEG C to 50 DEG C quick fixed amino molecule and
Stop producing free ammonia, and ammonia is toxic to mushroom gill fungus mycelia, so must continue for some time between 48-50 DEG C,
Lower the temperature for walking bacterium by when free ammonia is not detected.Due to strong biological activity, as a result dry is warm herein
The daily about 3-4% of degree loss, finally completely by fungi and radiation bacterium institute group's evidence.When compost is more black dull, almost black,
The product of black is compound material, be to mushroom gill fungus it is useful, this be dry loss it is very low, daily only
1-1.5%.If sterilizing time is long, the danger that beneficial microbe lease of life is just reduced.Therefore what is fermented kills
The bacterium time is 6-8 hours, and is maintained between 58 DEG C to 60 DEG C, and temperature of becoming thoroughly decomposed is lowered as quickly as possible afterwards.
Furthermore, eight kinds can be classified as by mycetogenetic triterpenes：
C27, the derivative containing Cholestane cholesterol.
There is the sterol skeleton of methyl substituted Ergostane C28, C-24 position.
C30, Lanostane key derivative.
There are Lanostane backbone's derivatives of methyl or methene substitution C31, C-24 position.
Miscellaneous triterpene, comprising a small number of pentacyclic triterpenes, and the various Lanostane for having demethylation in C-4, C-14
Or the steroids of C-24-methylLanostane.
Viridin and its derivative
There are the Cholestane derivatives of ethyl group or vinyl substitution C-24 positions.
The triterpenes of Fusidane skeletons different with Prostane.Bracket fungus hole (Polyporaceac) and related higher fungus
Rich in tetracyclic triterpene, this kind of triterpene is rarely found in higher plant.
From having there is the new triterpenes of more than 103 to be found over 1998, high oxidation is belonged on these compound structures
The tetraterpene derivatives of Lanostane (C-30) skeleton of state, and the derivative that oxide side chain is decomposed, by contained in its molecule
Carbon number can be divided into the class of C30, C27 and C24 tri-.
Also, mushroom gill fungus includes：Plain gill fungus, agaric, mushroom, slider gill fungus, just fine and soft, flat fine and soft, bag are fine and soft, beautiful fine and soft, dance is fine and soft,
Mushroom or pine mushroom etc..
Because through the purified mushroom gill fungus of the present invention, the triterpenes quantity in it is all substantially improved, beneficial to absorption of human body and
Medicine is refined and is used.In sum, a kind of embodiment only of the invention, its can according to this derivative operation strategies extensively,
Multiplication production efficiency can also take into account production cost, real tool industrial utilization.It is all simple with the technology of the present invention thought identical
Easily conversion or equivalency transform person, all belong among the scope of the claims of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method that triterpenes induced contained by mushroom gill fungus synthesizes, it is characterised in that it includes following：
An at least mushroom gill fungus is placed in a ring control environment and is fermented, it is black the mushroom gill fungus is changed color；
Wherein, the temperature in the ring control environment is maintained between 25 DEG C to 100 DEG C, and humidity in the ring control environment is
Between 75% to 95%, also, the temperature controlled environment is in 70 DEG C to 100 DEG C of megathermal period, at least 6 for sequentially at least 4 days
Its middle temperature phase and at least 20 days for being in 50 DEG C to 60 DEG C are in 25 DEG C to 50 DEG C of hypothermic phase；
Put in above-mentioned ring control environment at least 30 days, after mushroom gill fungus completes browning reaction, that is, completed.
2. the method that the triterpenes contained by induction mushroom gill fungus according to claim 1 synthesizes, it is characterised in that：It is described
Mushroom gill fungus is ganoderma lucidum.
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