CN102498944A - Method for cultivating glossy ganoderma and collecting glossy ganoderma spore powder - Google Patents
Method for cultivating glossy ganoderma and collecting glossy ganoderma spore powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN102498944A CN102498944A CN2011103441318A CN201110344131A CN102498944A CN 102498944 A CN102498944 A CN 102498944A CN 2011103441318 A CN2011103441318 A CN 2011103441318A CN 201110344131 A CN201110344131 A CN 201110344131A CN 102498944 A CN102498944 A CN 102498944A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating glossy ganoderma and collecting glossy ganoderma spore powder. The method comprises the following steps of: a, cultivating the glossy ganoderma in the conventional method, before the cracking period of fully-ridged glossy ganoderma, arranging a layer of supporting network right above the glossy ganoderma to emergence space of a ridging surface, paving a plastic film on the integral supporting network, and shearing seams on the parts of the supporting network and the plastic film, which are opposite to the glossy ganoderma, so that the glossy ganoderma can come out from the seams; b, when the mature glossy ganoderma sporophores start to produce spore powder, inserting and cushioning a paper cushion on the root of each plant of glossy ganoderma sporophore, and arranging tea filter paper or a non-woven fabric arc shed on the supporting network or the plastic film; and c, harvesting the spore powder when spores of the glossy ganoderma sporophores are produced completely. By the method, the yield of the glossy ganoderma is improved by over 20 percent, the collection rate of the spore powder is maximized to over 98 percent, the glossy ganoderma sporophores are good in growing development, thin in skin and thick in flesh, the incubated spore quantity is maximized, the brown stain rate of the glossy ganoderma is less than 0.2 percent, the spores are robust and full, the content of active ingredients is higher, and the immigration source of the pollution of harmful substances in plastic materials is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the culture technology field of medicinal fungi glossy ganoderma, be specifically related to a kind of glossy ganoderma and method of collecting lucidum spore powder of cultivating.
Background technology
Glossy ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum) is a kind of traditional medicinal fungi, is strengthening by means of tonics, consolidates the precious Chinese herbal medicine of setting upright, the loaded Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2000 editions, an one), food medicine dual-purpose.Glossy ganoderma produces ' seed ' (biologically claim basidiospore, diameter has only 5～8 μ m) that discharges in the growth and maturity phase, is Powdered after putting together, and about 1000kg ganoderma lucidum fruitbody could be collected the 1kg conidial powder, very rare preciousness.Reishi sporule contains abundant peptidoglycan, triterpenes, nucleosides, protein, enzyme, mineral element, and medical values such as enhance immunity, inhibition tumour are arranged.
China is main glossy ganoderma plantation and exported country of the world, along with living standards of the people improve the increase gradually that reaches the functional food demand, the glossy ganoderma consumption figure is ascendant trend year by year.Glossy ganoderma is a kind of aerobic fungi, and growing, to need the fresh air supply oxygen of a large amount of circulations, optimum environmental temperature be 25 ℃～32 ℃, humidity (80%～95%), illumination (7 cloudy 3 sun～half cloudy half light).Along with science and technology development, the cultivation technology of glossy ganoderma is updated, is improved, and main cultivation is divided into wood chip or the cotton seed hulls Bag Material is cultivated and the cultivation of section wood.The cultivation glossy ganoderma provides possibility for the collection of Reishi sporule in controlled growing environment.Reishi sporule is extremely small, only 5～8 microns of diameters, and naked eyes cannot see, and float in air.How scientifically solution can be collected conidial powder and is unlikely the high temperature that causes the improper ventilation anoxic, surpasses 33 ℃ because of airtight receipts spore again in cultivation glossy ganoderma process; Cause ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and spore growth retardation; Depauperation; Quality is low, and the problems such as output that reduce ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and Reishi sporule seem particularly important.
In glossy ganoderma cultivating is produced, in order to collect the lucidum spore powder of output, conventional method one in maximum ground: cover (moulding) bag receipts powder; Method two: ground (moulding) film is received powder; Method three: cardboard powder collector; Method four: cardboard circle cover powder collector.
Conventional method one cover (moulding) bag is received powder: after glossy ganoderma went out the sesame bud, in just having hacked, the shop plastic film covered the alley face; Glossy ganoderma produces before the spore, and soil pressure is totally-enclosed on one side, one side spacing point soil pressure is sealed, two keeps pull-up to fix on rainproof plastic foil shed both sides; Treat that glossy ganoderma produces conidial powder before gathering; Every glossy ganoderma add with grey board circle tube and plastic foil bagging (the plastic foil bagging from the bottom jacket live grey board circle tube outer surface long-pending more than 1/2)+that soil pressure is landed on paper bedding circle tube top+plastic film shed both sides all the time is totally-enclosed; One of alley is opened little arched door, and soil pressure sealing is landed in other end plastic film all the time.
Conventional method two ground (moulding) film is received powder: after glossy ganoderma went out the sesame bud, in just having hacked, the shop plastic film covered the alley face; Glossy ganoderma produces spore, and one side, plastic foil shed both sides soil pressure is totally-enclosed before, one side spacing point soil pressure is sealed, alley two keeps pull-up to fix.Treat that glossy ganoderma produced conidial powder before gathering; Increase the upright a plurality of bamboo stakes of the evenly vertical nail in blockage plastic foil pad (2 of every strain sesames)+flat plastic mulch film four limits, ridge; The height of bamboo stake surpasses ganoderma lucidum fruitbody height >=20cm, binding an iron wire that makes a circle around bamboo stake week becomes guardrail on every side in the bamboo stake; The vertical direction of identity distance sesame lid >=20cm on the ridge then; Utilize timber to implicate into wire netting, on wire netting, implicate the most sparse sunshade net of pin number, the sunshade sizable bulk blank sheet of paper of bedding and sunshade net more on the net again, plastic foil shed both sides land all the time soil pressure totally-enclosed, one open little arched door, the other end is sealed all the time.
Conventional method three cardboard powder collectors (as shown in Figure 1) and conventional method four cardboard circle cover powder collectors: with the general character of conventional method one and method two all be that totally-enclosed plastic foil is main; Rainproof shed seals all the time and causes anoxic, every strain glossy ganoderma all to add with millboard circle tube and plastic film bag jacket (airtight; Light tight); Face shop, ridge plastic film causes bacterium rod improper ventilation anoxic in the alley, and high temperature " burns bacterium " and causes assorted bacterium easily.
Cultivate glossy ganoderma and the existing shortcoming of conventional method of collecting lucidum spore powder to above several kinds; Need be in cultivation glossy ganoderma process; Science solves can collect conidial powder, is unlikely again that the collection conidial powder causes ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and conidial powder anoxic closed environment under; Perhaps surpass make under 33 ℃ the high temperature that ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and spore growth retardation, depauperation, quality are low, the biotransformation rate reduction problem of culture matrix tree bavin and output glossy ganoderma and spore.Shortcoming to above-mentioned four kinds of conventional methods; The applicant has invented other a kind of method (CN102057818A) of collecting ganoderma lucidum fruitbody; This method provides a kind of sufficient oxygen not lack the method for collecting lucidum spore powder under the optical condition; This method can be collected conidial powder under the situation that standard-sized sheet is put, environmental temperature, oxygen content and luminous intensity when being convenient to control spore and collecting can improve the quality and the collection rate of spore.But using during this method is also to have some shortcomings, adopts mountain cogongrass and mao bamboon branch to lay like ventilated layer, is easy to generate and goes mouldy or insect pest, adopts cotton gauze as guard, easy going mouldy, and cost an arm and a leg, it is low to reuse number of times; Too much use Xylonite film in the production process causes the chemical substance (like plasticiser) of conidial powder to pollute easily.
Exposure along with plasticiser abuse in food, the beverage in 2011; By June 8 Taiwan be detected and contain plasticiser food and reached 961; June 1, the Ministry of Public Health promptly issued bulletin; With phthalic acid ester (also being phthalate ester) type material, list the non-edible material from soybeans and the food additives list that is prone to abuse of the illegal interpolation of possibility in the food in.Country is detected the composition of Reishi sporule oil health care product simultaneously, finds all to contain plasticiser in various degree.Find that through check layer by layer the plasticiser in the spore oil health products stems from the Reishi sporule powder raw material.The plasticiser of therefore in the process of glossy ganoderma cultivation and collection conidial powder, avoiding moving into also seems important day by day because of conventional cultivating method and the too much use agripast film mulch film of full growth subenvironment of improving one's methods become in the lucidum spore powder unique source of moving into of containing " plasticiser " suspicion!
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of glossy ganoderma and method of collecting lucidum spore powder of cultivating.
The object of the invention can be realized through following technical scheme:
A kind of glossy ganoderma and method of collecting lucidum spore powder of cultivating may further comprise the steps:
A, cultivation glossy ganoderma; Before full alley glossy ganoderma entering button after date hacked the phase, the vertical direction that the alley face is gone out the sesame space was established one deck supporting network, on whole supporting network, lays plastic foil again; And cut off a seam at supporting network and plastic foil and the corresponding place of glossy ganoderma, be convenient to glossy ganoderma and squeeze to wear and grow; The set supporting network of vertical direction that the alley face goes out the sesame space can make the alley of supporting network below cultivation bacterium rod ventilative, to avoid high temperature anoxic infringement bacterium rod mycelia.Supporting plastic foil simultaneously makes it be unlikely pasted and hang to alley face earth.When wherein cultivating glossy ganoderma, asepticly connect bacterial classification, bacteria rod, transplant down forward part work such as earthing and operate by conventional method.
B, when the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody maturing stage begins to produce conidial powder; Insert packing paper matter pad at every strain ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root; Described papery pad inserts in the root of fruit body through the clip seam level folder that shears in advance; Tea filter paper or nonwoven shed are set on supporting network and plastic foil again, and described tea filter paper or nonwoven shed can cover whole ganoderma lucidum fruitbodies, and can ventilatedly can stop again outside the guard that conidial powder launches tea delivery filter paper or nonwoven shed; The vertical direction of described tea filter paper or nonwoven shed is provided with the fixing rainproof plastic foil shed of plastic foil pull-up all the time at both sides and two; When preventing rain drop erosion ridge face, form a space that is fit to the needed ventilation in full vegetative period of aerobic fungi glossy ganoderma, sufficient oxygen, suitable light again.
C, treat ganoderma lucidum fruitbody full vegetative period full, fruit body become well-done and stopped growing fully, spore produces basically and collects conidial powder when most; Raise tea filter paper or nonwoven shed when collecting; Collect earlier and be deposited in the conidial powder that Ganderma lucidum covers; Then the papery pad is slowly removed out from the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root, collect and be deposited in the conidial powder on the papery pad.
Above-mentioned cultivation glossy ganoderma and the method for collecting lucidum spore powder; It is that described supporting network is arranged on apart from the alley face and goes out 2～5cm place, sesame spatial vertical top; And said supporting network and plastic foil shape match or are a bit larger tham plastic foil; Described tea filter paper or tea filter paper or nonwoven color that the nonwoven shed adopted are white, so that printing opacity.
Above-mentioned cultivation glossy ganoderma and the method for collecting lucidum spore powder, it is that described supporting network is a plastic wire, and the mesh aperture of said plastic wire is 0.1～1cm.
Above-mentioned cultivation glossy ganoderma and the method for collecting lucidum spore powder, it is that the plastic foil that step a is laid is 1～3 layer; The papery pad that step b inserts pad at the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root is two-layer; And described papery pad is square; Its minimum edge length is more than or equal to the diameter of maximum glossy ganoderma lid; A limit mid point along every papery pad is cut off a clip seam to papery pad central point, successively lower floor's papery pad and upper strata papery pad is inserted in the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root from clip seam folder again, and upper strata papery pad and lower floor papery pad four limits overlap, the clip seam staggers; Be paved with the papery pad between every two adjacent strain glossy ganodermas and do not interspace.
Above-mentioned cultivation glossy ganoderma and the method for collecting lucidum spore powder, it is that described papery pad is the former oar paper washer of brown paper or parchment, is the packaging for foodstuff level.
Above-mentioned cultivation glossy ganoderma and the method for collecting lucidum spore powder, it is that described plastic wire is the sunshade net.
A kind of glossy ganoderma and method of collecting lucidum spore powder of cultivating comprises the steps:
A. cultivate glossy ganoderma; Come to the ripening period when beginning the production conidial powder full alley glossy ganoderma; Insert the plastic foil pad at every strain ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root folder successively; Tubular plastic sack with both ends open vertically is enclosed within on every glossy ganoderma again, and an end of tubular plastic sack is banded on the root handle of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody, and then with the open nonwoven circle tube edge direction suit glossy ganoderma perpendicular to the ground of both ends open or upper end closed lower end; Be inserted in the tubular plastic sack bottom of described nonwoven circle tube; When nonwoven circle tube is both ends open, lay nonwoven or tea filter paper in the upper end of nonwoven circle tube to seal the upper end of nonwoven circle tube; The vertical direction of nonwoven circle tube is provided with rainproof plastic foil shed; When wherein cultivating glossy ganoderma, asepticly connect bacterial classification, bacteria rod, transplant down forward part work such as earthing and operate by conventional method.
B. treat ganoderma lucidum fruitbody full vegetative period full, fruit body become well-done and stopped growing fully, spore produces basically and collects conidial powder when most; Remove nonwoven circle tube when collecting; Band ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root handle and tubular plastic sack clip ganoderma lucidum fruitbody are collected the conidial powder in the tubular plastic sack.
Above-mentioned cultivation glossy ganoderma and the method for collecting lucidum spore powder; It is that described plastic foil pad is 1～2 layer and is square; Its minimum edge length is cut off a clip seam along a limit mid point of every plastic foil pad to plastic foil pad central point more than or equal to the diameter of maximum glossy ganoderma lid, again the plastic foil pad is inserted in the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root from clip seam folder; When the plastic foil pad was two-layer, upper strata plastic foil pad and lower floor plastic foil pad four limits overlapped, the clip seam staggers; Be paved with the plastic foil pad between every two adjacent strain glossy ganodermas and do not interspace.
Above-mentioned cultivation glossy ganoderma and the method for collecting lucidum spore powder, it is that described nonwoven circle tube is the white printing opacity thickening nonwoven in 100～300 order apertures; The nonwoven that lay the upper end of said nonwoven circle tube or tea filter paper are frivolous nonwoven or tea filter paper; Described tubular plastic sack is the food grade plastic bag; And be sleeved on nonwoven circle tube bottom; The upper end-face edge of said tubular plastic sack is 1～2cm apart from the vertical range of nonwoven circle tube lower end, and distance can not be too high, otherwise cause the glossy ganoderma anoxic because of having accounted for the breathe freely ring surface area more.
Above-mentioned cultivation glossy ganoderma and the method for collecting lucidum spore powder; Every interval 100～150cm was apart from the upright timber of nail around it was described alley; Around alley, on timber, implicate stainless steel wire or nylon marline then, form fence and prevent that nonwoven circle tube from tilting.
The present invention is directed to when cultivating glossy ganoderma in the prior art and collecting lucidum spore powder; Can't accomplish to take into account and cultivate the technical problem of collecting oxygen content that must be sufficient in the subenvironment, 25～32 ℃ of temperature and appropriate light photograph; Provide a kind of ventilated sufficient oxygenate to fit light environment and cultivated collection lucidum spore powder technical method down; This technical method can be cultivated under the situation that standard-sized sheet is put and collected conidial powder; Sufficient and the partly illumination of cloudy three sun of cloudy half light-seven of environment preference temperature (25～32 ℃), oxygen when cultivating glossy ganoderma and collecting Reishi sporule can be accomplished to take into account, the quality of glossy ganoderma and conidial powder and the collection rate of conidial powder can be significantly improved.
Cultivation glossy ganoderma of the present invention and the method for collecting lucidum spore powder; Can thoroughly solve on each the alley face in the existing routine techniques anti-rainwater and wash away and collects the dual-purpose plastic foil shed of spore, from the bacterium rod down to go out sesame, when maturation is gathered 6 months full vegetative period the hermetically sealed all the time stuffiness problem that closes.Can avoid simultaneously in lucidum spore powder cultivation and collection process, touching plastic products again and cause moving into of plasticiser, improve the quality of Reishi sporule powder raw material.The present invention on each alley, is provided with in case the rainproof plastic foil shed of rain drop erosion ridge face, and the suspension column of said rainproof plastic foil shed is inserted in the raceway groove limit of alley avris without exception.All sprout from glossy ganoderma and to begin after maturation, to gather in complete 5 months vegetative period in (May～September); The rainproof plastic film shed both sides of on each alley in case rain drop erosion ridge face and the plastic foil at two all pull-up are all the time fixed; The pull-out altitude of plastic foil is that vertical ridge is towards last 30～40cm; Promptly surpass ganoderma lucidum fruitbody height 15～20cm, without hindrance in order to circulation of air.
Described nonwoven circle tube is the ventilative thickening nonwoven about 100～300 orders of aperture, substitute in the prior art disposable air-locked thick " chipboard " with nonwoven circle tube, and nonwoven circle tube can be reused.
The tubular plastic sack of the both ends open of employing food-grade substitutes the plastic film bag of conventional " refuse bag " material; And tubular plastic sack jacket is lived nonwoven circle tube bottom 1～2cm height; Minimize take the ventilative area of nonwoven circle tube, basically can circle of influence tube surface area ventilative, unlikely anoxic.And these two kinds of material low prices, but it compared with prior art has beyond thought result of use.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
A kind of glossy ganoderma and method of collecting lucidum spore powder of cultivating provided by the invention; This method is cultivated under ventilated printing opacity, sufficient oxygen are avoided above the subenvironment of high temperature more than 33 ℃ and is collected glossy ganoderma and conidial powder, adopts ventilated environmental protection paper cloth material to put under the imitative natural style condition at standard-sized sheet and carries out.Be a kind ofly simply be easy to do, implement conveniently, material is easy to get, ecological, environmental protective safely, the technical method that is easy to promote.Use the glossy ganoderma of technical method cultivation of the present invention and the conidial powder of collection, ganoderma lucidum fruitbody output improves more than 20%, and fruit body active ingredient polyoses content improves about 50%, and price improves >=10%, increases income 2500～3500 yuan for every mu; Ganoderma lucidum fruitbody grows well, the thin meat of skin is thick, and the lopsided browning rate of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody is lower than 2 ‰; Breed the spore amount and reach maximization, the lucidum spore powder collection rate reaches more than 98%, and the spore stalwartness is full, and active constituent content is higher than great, good quality and high output, and average every kilogram of glossy ganoderma can be collected the 1.5kg conidial powder.And the conidial powder of collecting does not have the source of moving into that harmful substance in the plastic material (like plasticiser) is polluted.
The supporting network that the face vertical direction is provided with on the ridge in the scheme one; Can effectively avoid because of airtight, anoxic that the direct bedding alley of plastic foil soil face causes, temperature rise, ganoderma lucidum fruitbody can grow well, skin approaches the thick spore that breeds of meat and significantly improves thereby make.And employed material is the quality that ventilated printing opacity environmental-protecting material can be avoided conidial powder, avoids the pollution of other impurity or harmful chemical.Scheme two is established a nonwoven circle tube separately with every glossy ganoderma, both can form a space that is fit to the sufficient oxygen of aerobic fungi glossy ganoderma needed ventilation in full vegetative period, suitable light, can stop conidial powder to be launched out outside the guard again.Both can prevent the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody brown stain, improve the spore output capacity, the convenient again lucidum spore powder of collecting.
Method of the present invention, simple to operate, be easy to promote, can farthest satisfy the aerobic biological property of glossy ganoderma and conidial powder growth again and breed, collect conidial powder to greatest extent, cost is low, economic benefit is very remarkable.
Description of drawings
The structural representation of Fig. 1 conventional method three cardboard powder collectors.
Wherein, 13-air-vent; The 14-cardboard; 15-glossy ganoderma and conidial powder; The 16-plastic foil.
The vertical direction that Fig. 2 goes out the sesame space for the alley face is established the sketch map of supporting network and plastic foil.
Fig. 3 is a sketch map of inserting the papery pad at ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root folder.
Fig. 4 is the operation chart of inserting the papery pad at ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root folder.
Fig. 5 is for being provided with the sketch map of tea filter paper or nonwoven shed on supporting network and the plastic foil.
Fig. 6 is a sketch map of inserting the plastic foil pad at ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root folder.
Fig. 7 is the operation chart of inserting the plastic foil pad at ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root folder.
Fig. 8 is in ganoderma lucidum fruitbody upper bush shape plastic sack and the sketch map of nonwoven sleeve
Fig. 9 is a sketch map of above the nonwoven sleeve, laying tea filter paper or nonwoven.
Wherein, 1-alley; The 2-supporting network; The 3-plastic foil; 4-does not hack glossy ganoderma; The rainproof plastic foil shed of 5-; 6-begins to produce the conidial powder glossy ganoderma; 7-papery pad; 8-tea filter paper or nonwoven shed; 9-plastic foil pad; 10-tubular plastic sack; 11-nonwoven circle tube; 12-nonwoven or tea filter paper.
Embodiment
The soil alley of cultivating glossy ganoderma is with best under the woods; Also can build sunshade in the field; And in sunshade, divided alley, at each alley rain plastic foil shed of setting up defences of putting on the shelf; Prevent that rainwater from directly brewing alley earth and damaging medium bacterium material, come cooling moisture-retaining through the atomising device equipment of in raceway groove, pouring water ponding or be located on the rainproof plastic foil shed.
The suspension column of described rainproof plastic foil shed all will be inserted in the raceway groove limit of alley avris without exception; In glossy ganoderma all sprouts complete 5 months vegetative period in (May～September) when beginning after maturation, to gather; The rainproof plastic foil shed both sides of on each alley in case rain drop erosion ridge face and two plastic foil all ridge of pull-up fixed vertical all the time face height arrive above ridge face 30～40cm; Promptly surpass ganoderma lucidum fruitbody height 15～20cm, without hindrance in order to circulation of air.
(1) according to conventional method: at the beginning of mid-April～5 month, take off bag earthing in alley with cultivating good Ganderma lucidum wooden stick.Wherein asepticly connect bacterial classification, bacteria rod, transplant down forward part work such as earthing and operate by conventional method.
(2) before the glossy ganoderma 4 at full alley 1 got into the button after dates, hacks the phase, the vertical direction 2～5cm place that the alley face is gone out the sesame space established one deck supporting network 2, and supporting network 2 four edges want the parallel bamboo that be bundled in rainproof plastic foil shed 5 to bend on the socle; Described supporting network 2 is the sunshade net; Its mesh aperture is about 0.5cm; On whole supporting network 2, lay one deck plastic foil 3 again, and supporting network 2 and plastic foil 3 with do not hack glossy ganoderma 4 corresponding places and cut off a seam, be convenient to not hack glossy ganoderma 4 and squeeze to wear and grow (as shown in Figure 2); The set supporting network 2 of vertical direction that the alley face goes out the sesame space can make the alley 1 of supporting network below cultivation bacterium rod ventilative, to avoid high temperature anoxic infringement bacterium rod mycelia.Supporting plastic foil 3 simultaneously makes it be unlikely pasted and hang to alley face earth.And said supporting network 2 matches with plastic foil 3 shapes, and described tea filter paper or tea filter paper or nonwoven color that nonwoven shed 8 adopted are white, so that printing opacity.Employed plastic foil is conventional agricultural polyethylene plastic film.
(3) when the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody maturing stage begins to produce conidial powder more than 99% (late July～early August); Begin to produce conidial powder ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root in every strain and insert packing paper matter pad 7; Described papery pad 7 inserts in the root (as shown in Figure 3) of fruit body through the clip seam level folder that shears in advance; On supporting network 2 and plastic foil 3, tea filter paper or nonwoven shed 8 are set again; Described tea filter paper or nonwoven shed 8 can cover whole ganoderma lucidum fruitbodies, and can ventilatedly can stop again outside the guard that conidial powder launches tea delivery filter paper or nonwoven shed.
When tea filter paper or nonwoven shed 8 are set; Mao bamboon shelf one end is inserted in the outside of alley both sides glossy ganoderma; But distance still keeps 8～10cm to the dual-side edge on alley plane; With tea filter paper or the whole bamboo bow shed of packing up and quitting of nonwoven; The shed both sides with two the tea filter paper of whole bedding are arranged all or nonwoven is vertical naturally falls on the plastic foil 3, in conjunction with supporting network 2, plastic foil 3, papery pad 4 full alley have been formed a ventilated not anoxic appropriate light, has prevented that the rain drop erosion maximization from cultivating the integral body " paper cloth cage " of collecting spore output.
The vertical direction of described tea filter paper or nonwoven shed 8 is provided with the fixing rainproof plastic foil shed 5 (as shown in Figure 5) of plastic foil pull-up all the time at both sides and two; Said rainproof plastic foil shed 5 is advisable apart from ganoderma lucidum fruitbody sesame lid vertical direction 40～60cm; When preventing rain drop erosion ridge face, form a space that is fit to the needed ventilation in full vegetative period of aerobic fungi glossy ganoderma, sufficient oxygen, suitable light again.
Employed papery pad 7 is packaging for foodstuff level magma ox-hide paper washer; The papery pad of inserting pad at the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root is two-layer; And described papery pad is a square, and its length of side is cut off a clip seam along a limit mid point of every papery pad to papery pad central point more than or equal to the diameter of maximum glossy ganoderma lid; Successively lower floor's papery pad and upper strata papery pad are inserted in the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root from clip seam folder again, upper strata papery pad and lower floor papery pad four limits overlap, the clip seam staggers; Be paved with do not interspace (as shown in Figure 4) with the papery pad between every two adjacent strain glossy ganodermas.
(4) treat ganoderma lucidum fruitbody full vegetative period full, fruit body become well-done and stopped growing fully, spore produces basically and collects conidial powder when most; Raise tea filter paper or nonwoven shed 8 when collecting; Collect earlier and be deposited in the conidial powder that Ganderma lucidum covers; Then papery pad 7 is slowly removed out from the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root, regather the conidial powder that is deposited on the papery pad 7.
About 99% the amount conidial powder be deposited on the upper strata papery pad 7, collect very easy, collection rate >=98%.This method the best has ensured sufficient oxygen in glossy ganoderma full vegetative period, suitable light; Ganoderma lucidum fruitbody output improves more than 20%; And good, the thin meat of skin of growing is thick, and to breed spore maximum; Ganoderma lucidum fruitbody deformity browning rate is lower than 2 ‰, the spore stalwartness is than great, good quality and high output, and average every kilogram of glossy ganoderma can be collected the 1.5kg conidial powder.And the price of nonwoven or tea filter paper is far away than 2.5 yuan/m of cotton gauze
2Cheap to about every square metre 0.3 yuan～0.9 yuan, can be continuously with 5,6 years, method is very simple, is easy to popularization.
The most important thing is that this method avoided conidial powder to contact with the direct of plastic products, avoid the pollution of harmful chemical (like plasticiser), thereby guaranteed the quality of conidial powder.
The soil alley of cultivating glossy ganoderma is with best under the woods; Also can build sunshade in the field; And in sunshade, divided alley, at each alley rain plastic foil shed of setting up defences of putting on the shelf; Prevent that rainwater from directly brewing alley earth and damaging medium bacterium material, come cooling moisture-retaining through the atomising device equipment of in raceway groove, pouring water ponding or be located on the rainproof plastic foil shed.
The suspension column of described rainproof plastic foil shed all will be inserted in the raceway groove limit of alley avris without exception; In glossy ganoderma all sprouts complete 5 months vegetative period in (May～September) when beginning after maturation, to gather; The rainproof plastic foil shed both sides of on each alley in case rain drop erosion ridge face and two plastic foil all ridge of pull-up fixed vertical all the time face height arrive above ridge face 30～40cm; Promptly surpass ganoderma lucidum fruitbody height 15～20cm, without hindrance in order to circulation of air.
(1) cultivates glossy ganoderma by conventional method: will cultivate good Ganderma lucidum wooden stick at the beginning of mid-April～5 month and take off bag earthing in every alley.Wherein asepticly connect bacterial classification, bacteria rod, transplant down forward part work such as earthing and operate by conventional method.
(2) come to the ripening period 99% when beginning the production conidial powder (late July～early August) full alley glossy ganoderma; Insert plastic foil pad 9 (as shown in Figure 6) at every strain sesame root folder successively; Tubular plastic sack 10 with both ends open vertically is enclosed within on every strain glossy ganoderma again; One end of tubular plastic sack 10 is banded on the root handle of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody, and then with the open nonwoven circle tube 11 edges direction suit glossy ganoderma perpendicular to the ground of both ends open or upper end closed lower end; Be inserted in the tubular plastic sack 10 (as shown in Figure 8) bottom of described nonwoven circle tube 11; When nonwoven circle tube 11 is both ends open, lay nonwoven or tea filter paper 12 in the upper end of nonwoven circle tube 11 to seal the upper end of nonwoven circle tube 11; The vertical direction of nonwoven circle tube 11 is provided with rainproof plastic foil shed 5 (as shown in Figure 9); Every interval 100～150cm implicates stainless steel wire or nylon marline then apart from the upright timber of nail around the described alley on timber around alley, forms fence and prevents that nonwoven circle tube from tilting.
Described plastic foil pad is 1～2 layer and is square; Its minimum edge length is more than or equal to the diameter of maximum glossy ganoderma lid; A limit mid point along every plastic foil pad 9 is cut off a clip seam to plastic foil pad central point, again plastic foil pad 9 is inserted in the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root from clip seam folder; When the plastic foil pad was two-layer, upper strata plastic foil pad and lower floor plastic foil pad four limits overlapped, the clip seam staggers; Be paved with do not interspace (as shown in Figure 7) with the plastic foil pad between every two adjacent strain glossy ganodermas.
Described nonwoven circle tube 11 is the white printing opacity thickening nonwoven in 100～300 order apertures; The nonwoven that lay the upper end of said nonwoven circle tube 11 or tea filter paper 12 are frivolous nonwoven or tea filter paper; Described tubular plastic sack 10 is the food grade plastic bag; And be sleeved on nonwoven circle tube 11 bottoms; Described tubular plastic sack 10 upper end-face edges are 1～2cm apart from the vertical range of nonwoven circle tube 11 lower ends, and distance can not be too high, otherwise cause the glossy ganoderma anoxic because of having accounted for the breathe freely ring surface area more.
(3) treat ganoderma lucidum fruitbody full vegetative period full, fruit body become well-done and stopped growing fully, spore produces when most (September) basically and collects conidial powder; Remove nonwoven circle tube 11 when collecting; Band ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root handle and tubular plastic sack clip ganoderma lucidum fruitbody are collected the conidial powder in the tubular plastic sack.
Substitute conventional disposable air-locked thick chipboard (recycled waste paper) with nonwoven circle tube, each nonwoven circle tube can be reused the several years.Substitute the plastic film bag of conventional " refuse bag " material with food-grade tubular plastic sack.
This method has ensured sufficient oxygen in glossy ganoderma full vegetative period, suitable light; Ganoderma lucidum fruitbody output improves more than 20%; And good, the thin meat of skin of growing is thick, and to breed spore maximum; Ganoderma lucidum fruitbody deformity browning rate is lower than 2 ‰, the spore stalwartness is than great, good quality and high output, and average every kilogram of glossy ganoderma can be collected the 1.5kg conidial powder.And the price of nonwoven or tea filter paper is far away than 2.5 yuan/m of cotton gauze
2Cheap to about every square metre 0.3 yuan～0.9 yuan, can be continuously with 5,6 years, method is very simple, cost is low, is easy to popularization.The tubular plastic sack of the food-grade that adopts avoids harmful chemical to pollute conidial powder.
Comparative example 1
Adopting publication number is the method collection lucidum spore powder of CN102057818A.
Comparative example 2
The conidial powder that adopts conventional method cardboard powder collector of the prior art to collect.
Table 1 distinct methods is cultivated the quality testing result of the lucidum spore powder of collecting
Claims (10)
1. cultivate glossy ganoderma and the method for collecting lucidum spore powder for one kind, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
A, cultivation glossy ganoderma; Before full alley glossy ganoderma entering button after date hacked the phase, the vertical direction that the alley face is gone out the sesame space was established one deck supporting network, on whole supporting network, lays plastic foil again; And cut off a seam at supporting network and plastic foil and the corresponding place of glossy ganoderma, be convenient to glossy ganoderma and squeeze to wear and grow;
B, when the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody maturing stage begins to produce conidial powder; Insert packing paper matter pad at every strain ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root; Described papery pad inserts in the root of fruit body through the clip seam level folder that shears in advance; Tea filter paper or nonwoven shed are set on supporting network and plastic foil again, and described tea filter paper or nonwoven shed can cover whole ganoderma lucidum fruitbodies, and can ventilatedly can stop again outside the guard that conidial powder launches tea delivery filter paper or nonwoven shed; The vertical direction of described tea filter paper or nonwoven shed is provided with the fixing rainproof plastic foil shed of plastic foil pull-up all the time at both sides and two;
C, treat ganoderma lucidum fruitbody full vegetative period full, fruit body become well-done and stopped growing fully, spore produces basically and collects conidial powder when most; Raise tea filter paper or nonwoven shed when collecting; Collect earlier and be deposited in the conidial powder that Ganderma lucidum covers; Then the papery pad is slowly removed out from the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root, collect and be deposited in the conidial powder on the papery pad.
2. cultivation glossy ganoderma according to claim 1 and the method for collecting lucidum spore powder; It is characterized in that described supporting network is arranged on apart from the alley face goes out 2～5cm place, sesame spatial vertical top; And said supporting network and plastic foil shape match or are a bit larger tham plastic foil; Described tea filter paper or tea filter paper or nonwoven color that the nonwoven shed adopted are white, so that printing opacity.
3. cultivation glossy ganoderma according to claim 1 and 2 and the method for collecting lucidum spore powder it is characterized in that described supporting network is a plastic wire, and the mesh aperture of said plastic wire are 0.1～1cm.
4. cultivation glossy ganoderma according to claim 1 and the method for collecting lucidum spore powder is characterized in that the plastic foil that step a is laid is 1～3 layer; The papery pad that step b inserts pad at the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root is two-layer; And described papery pad is square; Its minimum edge length is more than or equal to the diameter of maximum glossy ganoderma lid; A limit mid point along every papery pad is cut off a clip seam to papery pad central point, successively lower floor's papery pad and upper strata papery pad is inserted in the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root from clip seam folder again, and upper strata papery pad and lower floor papery pad four limits overlap, the clip seam staggers; Be paved with the papery pad between every two adjacent strain glossy ganodermas and do not interspace.
5. according to claim 1 or 4 described cultivation glossy ganodermas and the method for collecting lucidum spore powder, it is characterized in that described papery pad is the former oar paper washer of brown paper or parchment.
6. cultivation glossy ganoderma according to claim 3 and the method for collecting lucidum spore powder is characterized in that described plastic wire is the sunshade net.
7. cultivate glossy ganoderma and the method for collecting lucidum spore powder for one kind, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A. cultivate glossy ganoderma; Come to the ripening period when beginning the production conidial powder full alley glossy ganoderma; Insert the plastic foil pad at every strain ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root folder successively; Tubular plastic sack with both ends open vertically is enclosed within on every glossy ganoderma again, and an end of tubular plastic sack is banded on the root handle of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody, and then with the open nonwoven circle tube edge direction suit glossy ganoderma perpendicular to the ground of both ends open or upper end closed lower end; Be inserted in the tubular plastic sack bottom of described nonwoven circle tube; When nonwoven circle tube is both ends open, lay nonwoven or tea filter paper in the upper end of nonwoven circle tube to seal the upper end of nonwoven circle tube; The vertical direction of nonwoven circle tube is provided with rainproof plastic foil shed;
B. treat ganoderma lucidum fruitbody full vegetative period full, fruit body become well-done and stopped growing fully, spore produces basically and collects conidial powder when most; Remove nonwoven circle tube when collecting; Band ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root handle and tubular plastic sack clip ganoderma lucidum fruitbody are collected the conidial powder in the tubular plastic sack.
8. based on the described cultivation of claim 7 glossy ganoderma and the method for collecting lucidum spore powder; It is characterized in that described plastic foil pad is 1～2 layer and is square; Its minimum edge length is cut off a clip seam along a limit mid point of every plastic foil pad to plastic foil pad central point more than or equal to the diameter of maximum glossy ganoderma lid, again the plastic foil pad is inserted in the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root from clip seam folder; When the plastic foil pad was two-layer, upper strata plastic foil pad and lower floor plastic foil pad four limits overlapped, the clip seam staggers; Be paved with the plastic foil pad between every two adjacent strain glossy ganodermas and do not interspace.
9. cultivation glossy ganoderma according to claim 7 and the method for collecting lucidum spore powder is characterized in that described nonwoven circle tube is the white printing opacity thickening nonwoven in 100～300 order apertures; The nonwoven that lay the upper end of said nonwoven circle tube or tea filter paper are frivolous nonwoven or tea filter paper; Described tubular plastic sack is the food grade plastic bag, and is sleeved on nonwoven circle tube bottom, and the upper end-face edge of said tubular plastic sack is 1～2cm apart from the vertical range of nonwoven circle tube lower end.
10. cultivation glossy ganoderma according to claim 7 and the method for collecting lucidum spore powder; Every interval 100～150cm is apart from the upright timber of nail around it is characterized in that described alley; Around alley, on timber, implicate stainless steel wire or nylon marline then, form fence and prevent that nonwoven circle tube from tilting.
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| CN106069194A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-09 | 金皓 | A kind of method cultivating Ganoderma and collection Ganoderma spore powder |
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| CN110476622A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-22 | 北京同仁堂健康药业（青海）有限公司 | A kind of cordyceps sinensis ascospore collection device and its application method |
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| CN112154856A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-01 | 扬州瑞钰灵芝生态园有限公司 | Water culture process for lucid ganoderma |
| CN116868840A (en) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-10-13 | 山西农业大学山西功能食品研究院 | A collection device for glossy ganoderma spore powder |
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