CN102057818A - Method for collecting ganoderma lucidum spore powder under condition with sufficient oxygen and no shortage of light - Google Patents

Method for collecting ganoderma lucidum spore powder under condition with sufficient oxygen and no shortage of light Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102057818A
CN102057818A CN 201010544106 CN201010544106A CN102057818A CN 102057818 A CN102057818 A CN 102057818A CN 201010544106 CN201010544106 CN 201010544106 CN 201010544106 A CN201010544106 A CN 201010544106A CN 102057818 A CN102057818 A CN 102057818A
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ganoderma lucidum
pad
plastic film
spore powder
collecting
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CN102057818B (en
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张正高
钱一帆
张林湄
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ANHUI HUANGSHAN YUNLE GLOSSY GANODERMA Co Ltd
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ANHUI HUANGSHAN YUNLE GLOSSY GANODERMA Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for collecting ganoderma lucidum spore powder under a condition with sufficient oxygen and no shortage of light, which comprises the following steps of: a, after full-ridge ganoderma lucidum enters the bacterial bud stage and before the piece opening stage, paving a ventilation layer in a ganoderma lucidum out-growing space of a full-ridge surface, paving a plastic mulching film on the ventilation layer, and cutting a slit at a corresponding place of the plastic mulching film and the ganoderma lucidum to ensure that the ganoderma lucidum can come out conveniently; b, when the ganoderma lucidum starts to generate spore powder during the maturation period of the ganoderma lucidum body, under-laying a plastic film pad at the root of each ganoderma lucidum sporophore, and covering a mesh cover above the ridge surface; and c, collecting the spore powder. The ventilation layer can avoid the rise of the earth temperature caused by the mulching film which directly contacts the ridge surface, and the mesh cover not only can form a ventilating space which has sufficient oxygen and no shortage light and is suitable for the whole growing period of the aerobic fungus ganoderma lucidum, but also can prevent the spore powder from being ejected out of the mesh cover, and not only can prevent the ganoderma lucidum sporophore from brown stains, but also can be used for collecting the ganoderma lucidum spore powder conveniently.

Description

A kind of sufficient oxygen does not lack the method for collecting lucidum spore powder under the optical condition
Technical field
The invention belongs to the culture technique field of glossy ganoderma, be specifically related to a kind of sufficient oxygen and do not lack the method for collecting lucidum spore powder under the optical condition.
Background technology
Glossy ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum) is that chinese tradition medical science is considered as strengthening by means of tonics for a long time always, consolidates the precious Chinese herbal medicine of setting upright, and be written into the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2000 editions as traditional Chinese medicine, one one), also be the new resource food of state approval simultaneously, food medicine dual-purpose.Glossy ganoderma produces and launches the seed that discharges in the growth and maturity phase and (biologically claims basidiospore, diameter has only 5~8 μ m), be Powdered after putting together, collect very difficulty under the wild condition, about 1000kg glossy ganoderma could be collected the 1kg conidial powder, very rare preciousness.Yet, Reishi sporule contains the peptidoglycan abundanter than fruit body, adenosine, protein, enzyme, selenium element, in enhance immunity, suppress aspect the drug effect of tumour considerably beyond fruit body (be about fruit body 75 times), thereby have the very high medical value and the market demand.
China is that glossy ganoderma main on the world market produces and exported country, and along with living standards of the people improve the increase gradually that reaches the functional food demand, global glossy ganoderma consumption figure is ascendant trend year by year.Yet, so a large amount of sufficient environmental conditions such as oxygen, appropriate nutrition, temperature (25~33 ℃), humidity (80%~95%), illumination (cloudy 4 sun in 7 cloudy 3 sun~6) and acid-base value of the needs that grow that belong to the glossy ganoderma of aerobic fungi are many in history based on wild.Along with science and technology development, the artificial cultivation technique of glossy ganoderma arises at the historic moment, and mainly is divided into bag (bottle) material cultivation and segment wood cultivated, and the phase I is the production of separation and Culture, original seed and the cultivated species of bacterial classification, and second stage is the cultivation of fruit body.The controlled relatively growing environment of artificial cultivation for the collection of Reishi sporule provide may, but not only airtight collection conidial powder but also do not cause anoxic, lack the light day benefit and seem important in the artificial cultivation process how.
Reishi sporule is the sexual seed of glossy ganoderma, will natural output when the glossy ganoderma plant strain growth is ripe.But Reishi sporule is extremely trickle, and only 5~8 microns of footpath grains just are suspended in the air during output from ganoderma lucidum fruitbody, and naked eyes be cannot see, be can not touch.Do not collect conidial powder when cultivating an imitative wild cultivation, during ten million the glossy ganoderma product same period " life " spore, subenvironment is showed brown " smog " in the air in.In production practices, collect the lucidum spore powder of output in order to maximize, the first generation cover (moulding) that arises at the historic moment bag powder, (moulding) film powder and second generation papery powder collector and third generation cardboard circle cover powder collection device.
First generation cover (moulding) bag powder, be to come to the ripening period to live with 1 plastic film bag tube jacket by per 1 strain ganoderma lucidum fruitbody when beginning to produce spore, tie up with iron wire in bag tube bottom and to enter glossy ganoderma root handle, again per 1 strain is put 1 cardboard reel of standing, be to support plastic film tube bag from inside to outside enclosed on paper web, push up a mouthful edge towards ground cover " button " after opening turnup suitable for reading with the reel, on paper web, push up again and mouthful add a cover a blank paper bag or brown paper or newspaper.Though can maximizing, this method collects the conidial powder quantity and the degree of purity of output,, causes the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody severe depletion of oxygen owing to tie up the plastic film bag! The 90% above brown stain of glossy ganoderma body, yield poorly, spore light specific gravity, quality be low; " (moulding) film powder " is earthing bacterium wood to be cultivated spread 2 layers of plastic film when not going out sesame as yet on the alley of glossy ganoderma comprehensively, glossy ganoderma is drawn seam hogging from cutter and goes out, when glossy ganoderma enters the growth and maturity phase when beginning to produce conidial powder, with white board go out sesame alley four limits stand (leaning against alley four leader pin posts draws on the finer wire of establishing " guardrail ") surpass together retaining powder (wind) " wall " about ganoderma lucidum fruitbody height 10cm, land totally-enclosed plastic film shed with taking one or four limits on the glossy ganoderma ridge simultaneously, whole alley is brought up into the especially big plastic film " bag " of a sealing, on mulch film, sweep the collection conidial powder at last.Its fatal problem is that full alley is spread double-deck mulch film and connect powder and cause ground temperature high, when entering glossy ganoderma when growing vigorous 7~August of season, ground temperature seriously surpasses 33 ℃ of the limiting temperatures of glossy ganoderma growth, add the gathering temperature of totally-enclosed plastic film shed on the alley, make difficult 33 ℃ of ultralimit temperature and the anoxic environment of bearing of glossy ganoderma and conidial powder more, output and quality all are greatly affected.
Second generation papery powder collector has deducted paper circle liner plastic film bag and cardboard has been made the whole container of " circle tube+top cover " bowl peviform on the first generation " cover (moulding) bag powder " basis.Ventilative (oxygen) property of the whole container of papery is a lot better than cover (moulding) film bag, scientific progress, but be collected the problem that still there is anoxic in glossy ganoderma and the conidial powder that container covers fully, lacks light, glossy ganoderma body brown stain more than 70%, spore quality are not high, and circle tube band top cover one " bowl peviform " gatherer needs disposable cup bowl specialty factory cutting to piece together the type that sticks into, and not collapsible after the moulding, can not pile laminate, deposit that to take volume big, cause cost not low, promotional value is low.
Third generation cardboard circle cover powder collection device, be to change on the second generation " papery powder collector " basis further: the circle tube is separated into two mutually not bonding monomers with last caping again.Paper circle tube and top cover cardboard can everybody start own cutting, connect joining seam and make of stapler bookbinding, cardboard circle tube after the moulding can overlappingly be pressed into a piece of paper plate, circle top cover cardboard is cut to a single square cardboard (area is bigger than circle nozzle area), can be overlapping the pile transportation, deposit conveniently, (year), three times (years) can be utilized again for the second time, utilization is simple and convenient very, the most important thing is that it is two splits with cover plate that the circle tube is gone up the top mouth, ventilative (oxygen) property can be more better than the bowl peviform gatherer of complete one.But fail fundamentally to solve the few optical issue of anoxic, the brown stain of glossy ganoderma body, the spore quality that account for about 50% still are subjected to some influences.
Summary of the invention
The problem of oxygen content, temperature and luminous intensity when collecting lucidum spore powder in the prior art that the objective of the invention is to propose in the wayward collection environment at background technology, provide a kind of sufficient oxygen not lack the method for collecting lucidum spore powder under the optical condition, this method can be collected conidial powder under the situation that standard-sized sheet is put, environmental temperature, oxygen content and luminous intensity when being convenient to control spore and collecting can improve the quality and the collection rate of spore.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of sufficient oxygen does not lack the method for collecting lucidum spore powder under the optical condition, and it is to comprise the steps:
A, before full alley glossy ganoderma enters the button after date and hacks the phase, the sesame space that goes out of full alley face is provided with the ventilated layer of one deck, cut off a seam again at whole ventilated layer upper berth plastic film, and at this plastic film and the corresponding place of glossy ganoderma, be convenient to glossy ganoderma and pass;
B, when the glossy ganoderma body maturing stage begins to produce conidial powder, at each ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root pad plastic foil pad, described plastic foil pad inserts in the root of fruit body by the clip seam level folder that shears in advance, guard of cover on the alley face again, described guard not only can be ventilated but also can have been stoped conidial powder to be launched out outside the guard;
C, treat that ganoderma lucidum fruitbody full vegetative period, full, fruit body became well-done, spore to produce substantially to collect conidial powder when most, raise guard when collecting, just the plastic foil pad slowly removes out from the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root then, collect the conidial powder that is deposited on the plastic foil pad earlier, and then collect the conidial powder that drops on the vinyl plastics mulch film.
Above-mentioned sufficient oxygen does not lack the method for collecting lucidum spore powder under the optical condition, and it is that the described ventilated layer of step a is paved into by mountain cogongrass or mao bamboon branch or implicates with plastic ties to form.
Above-mentioned sufficient oxygen does not lack the method for collecting lucidum spore powder under the optical condition, it is that the careless tip mao bamboon branch tip is in the alley face in Yushan Hill cogongrass or mao bamboon branch shop method, cogongrass stalk or mao bamboon branch stalk be towards alley face four limits, is unlikely to hang to suffer and pastes alley face earth and be advisable can bracketing to play plastic film that mountain cogongrass or mao bamboon branch spread above; Described plastic ties is implicated mode for highly to implicate at distance ground 2~4cm.
Above-mentioned sufficient oxygen does not lack the method for collecting lucidum spore powder under the optical condition, it is among the step a at ventilated layer upper berth 1~2 strata plastic film, the plastic film width should equal or be narrower than the width of ventilated layer, and described plastic film is preferably the vinyon mulch film.
Above-mentioned sufficient oxygen does not lack the method for collecting lucidum spore powder under the optical condition, it is among the step b at ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root pad two layers of plastic film pad, described plastic foil pad is square, the about diameter that covers by the glossy ganoderma of maximum is the minimum length of side that benchmark is made square plastic film pad, cutting an opening along a limit mid point of every plastic foil pad to the central point on cushion block surface inserts lower floor's plastic film pad and upper strata plastic film pad successively and is sandwiched in the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root from open seam, upper strata plastic film pad and lower floor plastic film pad four limits overlap, but the clip seam staggers.
Above-mentioned sufficient oxygen does not lack the method for collecting lucidum spore powder under the optical condition, and it is that described plastic foil pad is the polyethylene plastic film pad.
Above-mentioned sufficient oxygen does not lack the method for collecting lucidum spore powder under the optical condition, it is that described guard can make by the following method: the little timber that surpasses glossy ganoderma height 15~30cm at the upright height of 3~5 meters nails of the every spacing in alley four limits, with the timber is support, implicating a wire rope net surface around the alley and above the level above glossy ganoderma height 15~30cm, cover one deck light color fabric or filter paper on wire side, the cotton gauze or the filter paper cover that promptly are equivalent to make one cover whole alley face, form one and are fit to the space that the sufficient oxygen of aerobic fungi glossy ganoderma needed ventilation in full vegetative period does not lack light.
Above-mentioned sufficient oxygen does not lack the method for collecting lucidum spore powder under the optical condition, and it is that described fabric is a cotton gauze.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The purpose that a kind of standard-sized sheet of the present invention is put natural style cultivation collection Reishi sporule technical method and device is to be improved to the national so far place of production, market, the deficiency of the existing collection spore of textbook method and on extensive style " (moulding) film powder " basis, making the best use of the situation, science and technology jumps to and provides a kind of and simply be easy to do, it is convenient to implement, material is easy to get, ecological safety, everybody exercisable Reishi sporule collection technique method, the conidial powder output of using glossy ganoderma that this technical method and material cultivate and collection is equivalent to open as many spontaneous and collection rate and is maximized to more than 98%, glossy ganoderma and spore grow well, the thin meat of skin is thick, and to breed spore maximum, glossy ganoderma body browning rate is less than 10%, the spore stalwartness is full, clean, pollution-free, be convenient to separate, purify and broken wall.This technical method is simple and easy, adopt lower cost for material, easy to use, be easy to promote.
The ventilated layer that on the face of ridge, is provided with, can avoid the anoxic ground temperature rise that causes because of the direct bedding alley of mulch film pad soil face, make that ganoderma lucidum fruitbody can grow well, thick to breed spore maximum for the thin meat of skin, a guard is set on glossy ganoderma alley face both can have formed the space that the suitable sufficient oxygen of aerobic fungi glossy ganoderma needed ventilation in full vegetative period does not lack light, can stop conidial powder to be launched out outside the guard again, be convenient to collect conidial powder.Both the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody brown stain can be prevented, lucidum spore powder can be conveniently collected again.
Technical method is simple and easy both be convenient to vast minimum input, the most extensive plantation agricultural family everybody can operate, everywhere desirable equipment, be convenient to intermittently install, remove and collect, can farthest ensure again glossy ganoderma and the conidial powder aerobic biological property of growth and to greatest extent growth produce, collect conidial powder, realize making the best use of the situation most, having most promotional value, optimum popularization, ease of Use, least cost, high product output and quality and economic benefit.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The soil alley of cultivating ganoderma is with best under the woods, can build sunshade in the field, and in sunshade, divided alley, on each alley, set up the little shed of plastic film, the rainproof alley earth that directly brews comes cooling moisture-retaining by water spray on pour water ponding or the little shed in raceway groove.Beginning rudiment full alley glossy ganoderma goes out 5~8cm tender shoots and full alley face is not gone out one deck mountain, shop, sesame space cogongrass as ventilated layer when launching the sesame cover plate as yet, the shop method is that the cogongrass stalk is towards outer, alley four limit, the cogongrass tip is unlikely to hang to suffer and pastes alley face earth and be advisable can bracketing to play one deck that mountain cogongrass spreads above or two layers of plastic mulch film in the alley face.Mould mulch film in cogongrass face upper berth 1~2 layers of polyethylene again, cut standardized seam in each glossy ganoderma bud corresponding position and glossy ganoderma is passed and overlap and clamp the glossy ganoderma root, ventilated layer can be avoided causing the ground temperature rise because of mulch film directly contacts the alley face.
When the glossy ganoderma body maturing stage begins to produce conidial powder, two layers of plastic film pad is used to collect lucidum spore powder about ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root pad, the plastic foil pad is square, the about diameter that covers by the glossy ganoderma of maximum is the minimum length of side that benchmark is made square plastic film pad, cutting an opening along a limit mid-point of every plastic foil pad to the central point on cushion block surface inserts lower floor's plastic film pad and upper strata plastic film pad successively and is sandwiched in the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root from open seam, upper strata plastic film pad and lower floor plastic film pad four limits overlap, but clip seam staggers, the film pad side edge under every glossy ganoderma or overlapping.The upright little timber of the every spacing 4m nail in each alley four limit, stake highly surpasses glossy ganoderma height 25cm, with the timber is that support is implicated a wire side with No. 20 thin stainless steel wires in the sky that vertically exceeds glossy ganoderma 20cm height, implicate a hutch bar around the timber, on outside " wire side " " railing ", unified cover last layer white cotton gauze again.The cotton yarn sheet that is equivalent to make one like this covers whole alley face, both can form one and be fit to the space that the sufficient oxygen of aerobic fungi glossy ganoderma needed ventilation in full vegetative period does not lack light, can stop conidial powder to be launched out outside the guard again, be convenient to collect conidial powder, and the cotton gauze of light color or filter paper can printing opacity, can satisfy in the glossy ganoderma process of growth demand to light.
Treat that ganoderma lucidum fruitbody full vegetative period, full, fruit body became well-done, spore to produce substantially to collect conidial powder when most: raise when collecting and roll cotton gauze, then two-layer heelpiece is slowly removed out from the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root along cutting off mouthful direction respectively, the conidial powder of about 99% amount is deposited on the plastic foil pad of upper strata, drop on a small quantity on lower floor's plastic foil pad and the plastic film, available hairbrush is swept collection and is collected, collect very easy, collection rate 〉=98%.This method the best has ensured sufficient oxygen in glossy ganoderma full vegetative period, suitable light, ganoderma lucidum fruitbody grows well, thick to breed spore maximum for the thin meat of skin, not brown stain of fruit body, spore stalwartness are than great, good quality and high output, average every kilogram of glossy ganoderma can be collected the 0.9kg conidial powder, and the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody browning rate is less than 10%.And when collecting conidial powder by papery powder collector and cardboard circle cover powder collection device, the browning rate of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody is respectively more than 70% and 50%.And cotton gauze is cheap, and about 2.5 yuan every square metre, can reduce the cost more than 60% than papery powder collector and cardboard circle cover powder collection device continuously with 5,6 years, method is very simple, is easy to promote.

Claims (8)

1. a sufficient oxygen does not lack the method for collecting lucidum spore powder under the optical condition, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, before full alley glossy ganoderma enters the button after date and hacks the phase, the sesame space that goes out of full alley face is provided with the ventilated layer of one deck, cut off a seam again at whole ventilated layer upper berth plastic film, and at this plastic film and the corresponding place of glossy ganoderma, be convenient to glossy ganoderma and pass;
B, when the glossy ganoderma body maturing stage begins to produce conidial powder, at each ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root pad plastic foil pad, described plastic foil pad inserts in the root of fruit body by the clip seam level folder that shears in advance, guard of cover on the alley face again, described guard not only can be ventilated but also can have been stoped conidial powder to be launched out outside the guard;
C, treat that ganoderma lucidum fruitbody full vegetative period, full, fruit body became well-done, spore to produce substantially to collect conidial powder when most, raise guard when collecting, just the plastic foil pad slowly removes out from the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root then, collect the conidial powder that is deposited on the plastic foil pad earlier, and then collect the conidial powder that drops on the vinyl plastics mulch film.
2. sufficient oxygen according to claim 1 does not lack the method for collecting lucidum spore powder under the optical condition, it is characterized in that the described ventilated layer of step a is paved into by mountain cogongrass or mao bamboon branch or implicate with plastic ties forming.
3. sufficient oxygen according to claim 2 does not lack the method for collecting lucidum spore powder under the optical condition, it is characterized in that mountain cogongrass or mao bamboon branch shop method are that the careless tip mao bamboon branch tip is in the alley face, cogongrass stalk or mao bamboon branch stalk be towards alley face four limits, is unlikely to hang to suffer and pastes alley face earth and be advisable can bracketing to play plastic film that mountain cogongrass or mao bamboon branch spread above; Described plastic ties is implicated mode for highly to implicate at distance ground 2~4cm.
4. do not lack the method for collecting lucidum spore powder under the optical condition according to claim 1 or 3 described sufficient oxygen, it is characterized in that among the step a at ventilated layer upper berth 1~2 strata plastic film, the plastic film width should equal or be narrower than the width of ventilated layer, and described plastic film is the vinyon mulch film.
5. sufficient oxygen according to claim 1 does not lack the method for collecting lucidum spore powder under the optical condition, it is characterized in that among the step b at ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root pad two layers of plastic film pad, described plastic foil pad is square, the diameter that covers by the glossy ganoderma of maximum is the minimum length of side that benchmark is made square plastic film pad, cutting an opening along a limit mid point of every plastic foil pad to the central point on cushion block surface inserts lower floor's plastic film pad and upper strata plastic film pad successively and is sandwiched in the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody root from open seam, upper strata plastic film pad and lower floor plastic film pad four limits overlap, but the clip seam staggers.
6. sufficient according to claim 1 or 5 oxygen does not lack the method for collecting lucidum spore powder under the optical condition, it is characterized in that described plastic foil pad is the polyethylene plastic film pad.
7. sufficient oxygen according to claim 1 does not lack the method for collecting lucidum spore powder under the optical condition, it is characterized in that described guard can make by the following method: the little timber that surpasses glossy ganoderma height 15~30cm at the upright height of 3~5 meters nails of the every spacing in alley four limits, with the timber is support, implicating a wire rope net surface around the alley and above the level above glossy ganoderma height 15~30cm, cover one deck fabric or filter paper on wire side.
8. sufficient oxygen according to claim 7 does not lack the method for collecting lucidum spore powder under the optical condition, it is characterized in that described fabric is a cotton gauze.
CN201010544106XA 2010-11-12 2010-11-12 Method for collecting ganoderma lucidum spore powder under condition with sufficient oxygen and no shortage of light Active CN102057818B (en)

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CN102498944A (en) * 2011-11-03 2012-06-20 安徽黄山云乐灵芝有限公司 Method for cultivating glossy ganoderma and collecting glossy ganoderma spore powder
CN103141224A (en) * 2013-03-14 2013-06-12 安徽省康美来大别山生物科技有限公司 Collection method of ganoderma lucidum spore powder
CN103380702A (en) * 2013-07-30 2013-11-06 叶礼奎 Ganoderma lucidum spore powder cloth bag collection method
CN103380702B (en) * 2013-07-30 2015-06-10 叶礼奎 Ganoderma lucidum spore powder cloth bag collection method
CN104285671A (en) * 2014-09-26 2015-01-21 桂林丰茂源农业技术开发有限公司 Method for collecting spore powder of artificially cultivated lucid ganoderma
CN105309134A (en) * 2015-12-05 2016-02-10 浙江百龄芝草生物科技有限公司 Ganoderma lucidum spore powder collecting method
CN107306606A (en) * 2017-08-15 2017-11-03 贵州天圣绿野生物科技有限公司 A kind of collection method of conidia powder
CN115843596A (en) * 2022-12-20 2023-03-28 农法自然(浙江)农业科技有限公司 Orchard moisturizing and weed-inhibiting structure

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