CN106818144A - A kind of method of little Bai melons rejuvenation - Google Patents
A kind of method of little Bai melons rejuvenation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106818144A CN106818144A CN201710015928.0A CN201710015928A CN106818144A CN 106818144 A CN106818144 A CN 106818144A CN 201710015928 A CN201710015928 A CN 201710015928A CN 106818144 A CN106818144 A CN 106818144A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- melon
- water
- seedling
- seed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method of little Bai melons rejuvenation, comprise the following steps successively：Plant melon selection, Seed Treatment, sowing, seedling management, graft seedling growth, field planting, field management artificial pollination and harvesting.The present invention is advantageous in that, by the improvement of the planting technologies such as little Bai melon graftings, plant can improve every mu of 300 kilograms of the yield of raising of yield 30% to secondary recovery survival rate 90%, my area's melon and fruit industry development level is further lifted, and the income of peasant can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant culture management method technical field, more particularly to a kind of method of little Bai melons rejuvenation.
Background technology
Muskmelon, also known as " muskmelon ", " little Bai melons ", also known as " pecking melon in vain ".It is that the annual tendril draft of Curcurbitaceae Cucumis is planted
Thing, leaf heart shape or palm shape.Five petal yellow, monoecism, female flower is that hermaphrodite flower includes stamen and gynoecium, and male flower is unisexuality
There is stamen.Melon is in ball, ovum, ellipse or oblateness, and color of the leather is yellow, white, green or miscellaneous has various speckles.Pulp is green, white, crimson or orange
Color, meat is crisp or soft, and taste is fragrant and sweet.Property happiness high temperature, the sunlight of drying and abundance.The torrid zone is originated in, China various regions generally plant
Training, various types, the fragrant and sweet taste that North China, northwest are produced is dense, and the moisture multi-flavor that is produced from humid area is thin.It is the excellent fruit of summer
One of.
The shape of fruit, color are different because of kind, savory, and pericarp is smoothed；The dirty white of seed.Cultivate in temperate zone extensively
To torrid areas；China's various regions cultivation.Various in style, fruit is changed greatly；Several mutation can be divided into, and can be belonged on gardening
In several strains, wherein snake melon, "Hami" melon and honey dew melon also respectively belongs to different mutation or strain.Fruit makees fruit or vegetables
；Muskmelon pedicel and seed are medicinal.
Had a taste of a delicacy type fruit as season, the muskmelon listing phase is one of the principal element for determining its economic benefit sooner or later：Listing
Morning time, selling price is high, the economic benefit that can have just obtained；In evening listing date, at a time when muskmelon concentrates listing, necessarily it is difficult to
The price sold, obtain considerable income.In order to allow early spring muskmelon to list in advance, numerous melon growers typically using electric heating or
Heated kang nursery, then be transplanted into facility plastic greenhouse or plastics Small plastic shed and carry out Protectorate cultivation.But because spring temperature is relatively low, ground temperature
Go up slow, cause Muskmelon Seedlings to grow relatively slow, cause early spring protecting field muskmelon growth time long, evening listing date, sale price
The low problem of lattice, hinders growth of agricultural efficiency, increasing peasant income.Meanwhile, either the results per plant quantity of muskmelon is few, or it is single
Fruit is small and sugariness is low, and continuous continuous cropping difficulty and the continuously morbidity of continuous cropping plantation droop are serious, and soil nutrient is unbalance, and muskmelon is given birth to
Length is obstructed, and soil beneficial microbe population declines, and the quantity of pathogen accumulation increases, and soil infection disease is aggravated.
Due to the greenhouse gardening grafting little Bai melons advantage such as have disease light, listing morning, Functionality, quality and appealing design, yield high, therefore in recent years
Constantly expand come the grafting little Bai melon areas with steel greenhouse Protectorate cultivation, it is small by promoting little Bai melons graft technology, grafting
The melon cultivation technologies such as white melon non-pollution cultivation technique, not only can further lift my area's melon and fruit industry development level, and
The income of peasant can be increased., at the native aerial planted year after year, soil-borne disease is serious, plant to two for traditional seedling
Secondary harvesting survival rate only has 30%, and per mu yield is of poor benefits.
The content of the invention
It is high to secondary recovery survival rate that the main object of the present invention is to provide a plant, and is remarkably improved the small of yield
The method of white melon rejuvenation.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：A kind of method of little Bai melons rejuvenation, successively including following step
Suddenly：Melon selection, Seed Treatment, sowing, seedling management, graft seedling growth, field planting, field management artificial pollination and harvesting are planted, specifically
Include,
1）Plant melon selection
By 140 days breeding times of selection of purificating and rejuvenating, 11.5 grams of thousand grain weigth, growth potential is strong, and as a result performance is good, and every plant can tie
10~15, melon, female flower that tight knot position is low, and climing 3~5 section of son, grandson climing 1~2 save and give birth to female flower, and melon type is small, subcircular, list melon weight
300~350g, melon skin rice white, pulp white, pulp are thick（1.3-2.0）Cm, soluble solid 12-15%, meat are crisp, perfume (or spice)
The dense melon of taste makees kind of a melon；
2）Seed Treatment
1. Medicament soaked seed：Soaked seed 20 minutes with 500 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder, pull out clean, Seed soaking 3~4 is small
When；
2. hot water treatment of seeds：By seed with 55 DEG C of water seed soaking 20 minutes, natural cooling is soaked 3~4 hours again, is urged after cleaning mucus
Bud；
3. vernalization, the seed wet sand cloth after seed soaking is wrapped and is put into vernalization under 30~32 DEG C of temperature conditionss, treats that 85% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally
When can sow, summer and autumn not vernalization；
3）Sowing
Matrix water spray stirring sabot is first controlled into water content of substrate 55%~60% before sowing, extruding makes cavities matrix fill consolidation
Uniformly, one, one hole of seed of germination is put into every cavities, covering is mixed with the fine earth 0.5cm of seedling bacterium enemy, and early spring hole tray upper berth is few
Amount dry rice straw, covering film take Small plastic shed insulation, high temperature season bed surface covering sunshade net or straw, when seedling be unearthed 20~30% when, take off
Remove bed surface covering；
4）Seedling management
1. temperature control：Before emerging, nursery bed temperature control is in 30 DEG C of day temperature, 25~28 DEG C of night temperature；Qi Miao is controlled to leaf period
20~22 DEG C of day temperature, 15~18 DEG C of night temperature；True leaf controls 25~28 DEG C of day temperature, 15~18 DEG C of night temperature to the first seven day is transplanted；Transplant
First 7 days, hardening of progressively lowering the temperature, 22 DEG C of day temperature of control, 15~18 DEG C of night temperature, night temperature cannot be below 10 DEG C；
2. water and fertilizer management：To control based on water, nursery stage occurs without water shortage symptom and does not water, and cotyledon period water shortage covers thin wet soil；True leaf
Phase water shortage, fine day noon pours the water close with ground temperature；Vola water is poured in high temperature season nursery, seedbed, occurs taking the circumstances into consideration during water shortage symptom
Water spray；
3. it is ventilated：How ventilated Winter-Spring nursery, should be tried one's best, and the method for early taking off late lid by Small plastic shed film is adjusted,
It is continuously overcast and rainy also suitably to divulge information, it is impossible to vexed canopy, high temperature season application sunshade net nursery, lid early at dusk in evening in the morning to be taken off；
5）Graft seedling growth
Above-mentioned seedling is by the seedbed that grafting after grafting is placed on multi-layer heat preserving, seedbed laying heating wire, tight shading is protected
Temperature, moisturizing 3 days, temperature is maintained at 25~30 DEG C, and the thing that shelters from heat or light slowly is removed according to weather condition after 5 days, in the morning and at dusk by
Step stronger ventilation ventilation, and gradually increase light transmission capacity, depending on weather and wound healing situation removal Grafting clip, it is transferred to after 10 days normal
The management of seedbed ventilation and penetrating light, stock rudiment is extractd in time；
6) it is colonized
Minimum soil temperature stabilization is met at 10cm by after 12 DEG C,
Can be colonized, first seedling is put into planting pit, surrounding tamped with thin mud soil then, is watered；
7）Field management
1. temperature treatment
In field planting one week after, keep 30~35 DEG C daytime, after one week temperature drop to 25~28 DEG C of daytime, 18~20 DEG C of night,
Day and night temperature is kept after fruit setting at 12 ~ 14 DEG C；
2. rich water quality management
Based on early stage moisturizing, based on mid-term control water, the later stage sees seedling with fertile damping, and conditional irrigation method uses micro-drop irrigation.
Field planting is watered 1-2 times to seedling-slowing stage, stretches the climing phase per 667m2It is 18 to apply NPK, refined Ran, Norway's ratio：4：19 it is compound
4 ㎏ of fertilizer, young melon it is horizontal through 2 ㎝ when, apply NPK, refined Ran, Norway, ratio 18 per 667m2：4：198 ㎏, away from root 40~
Caving ＆ fertilizing at 50cm, the middle and later periods takes the circumstances into consideration plus 0.2 with 0.5% urea according to growth potential~and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out blade face and chases after
Fertilizer；
3. Plant adjustment
During Protectorate cultivation：Three leaves wholeheartedly to four leaves wholeheartedly when main stem pinching, it is climing to retain three healthy and strong sons, is plucked during 25~30 leaves
The heart is pinched, and sick leaf, old leaf, lopsided melon will in time be destroyed and clear out of field；During outdoor cropping：Stay 3~4 strips climing.
8）Artificial pollination
During the selection fair weather morning 6~10, opened using the same day or flower that the previous day opens carries out artificial pollination, rasputitsa is cold
Or when meeting overcast and rainy root of Chinese trichosanthes deficiency, female flowers are sprayed with effective fruit-setting 500 times of liquid of spirit；Effective fruit-setting spirit is not used after mid-April.
2-3 female flowers start to stay fruit, and every plant is stayed 10~12 melons；
9）Harvesting
38~42 days after fruit setting, carpopodium hair it is sparse come off, areola depression, pericarp rice white, it is savory when harvest in time.
Further, described step 3）, the minimum soil temperature stabilization of 1 centimeters of outdoor cropping after 12 DEG C by that can broadcast
Kind.
Further, described step 5）Engrafting method application unifacial leaf pith-cambium grafting method：Launch true leaf in stock cotyledon
Just grow, when scion has 1-2 true leaf, first prune lobus cardiacus obliquely downwards together with another along a piece of cotyledon petioles of stock with grafting knife
Piece cotyledon, then again with grafting knife along the plumular axis and root of lower part pruned with stock inclined-plane in the same direction at about 0.5cm under scion cotyledon,
The otch of scion is pasted onto on the otch of stock rapidly, is gently clamped with special Grafting clip.
Further, described step 7）The 3. during step Plant adjustment, and described protecting field is big for 6 × 30m standards
Canopy, cultivates every young plant of canopy kind 150~180 with climbing；Described outdoor cropping is every 667m2Plant 400~500 young plants.
The present invention is advantageous in that, by the improvement of the planting technologies such as little Bai melon graftings, plant to secondary recovery into
Motility rate can improve every mu of 300 kilograms of the yield of raising of yield 30% up to 90%, further lift my area's melon and fruit industry development level,
And the income of peasant can be increased.
Specific embodiment
In order that technical scheme can more clearly show, the present invention is made with reference to specific embodiment
Further illustrate.
1 early-stage preparations
1.1 provenance selections
Physical features is high and dry for selection, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil layer is deep, loose, fertile, preceding make non-melon, away from pollution sources plot.The place of production
Environment should meet in DB330903/T 09.1 4.1,4.2,4.3 regulation.
1.2 protection facilities
Including vinyl house, Zhu Zhongpeng, hotbed, mulch film, sunshade net and other coverings.
1.3 multi-layer heat preservings
More than the two layers covering and heat insulating facilities set up inside and outside vinyl house.
1.4 site preparation basal dressings
Soil fertility condition according to soil is different with manure type, and 50~75kg of organic commercial fertilizer or cake fertilizer 50 are applied per 667m2
~75kg；The ㎏ of calcium superphosphate 25, NPK, En Taike, Kang Piao companies of Germany（The country of origin：Belgium）Ratio 12：11：18
（It is not chloride）10~15kg, then according to plantation specification, site preparation of turning over.
1.5 kinds of melon selections
By 140 days breeding times of selection of purificating and rejuvenating, 11.5 grams of thousand grain weigth, growth potential is strong, and as a result performance is good, and every plant can tie
10~15, melon.Female flower that tight knot position is low, and climing 3~5 section of son, grandson climing 1~2 save and give birth to female flower, and melon type is small, subcircular, list melon weight
300~350g, melon skin rice white, pulp white, pulp thickness 1.3-2.0cm, soluble solid 12-15%, meat are crisp, fragrance
Dense melon makees kind of a melon.
2 nursery
2.1 matrix hole plate seedling growths
2.1.1 culture facility and matrix are selected
Different from culture facilities such as plastic greenhouse, hotbeds according to season, the nursery of summer and autumn high temperature season should be furnished with sunshading facility.And it is right
Culture facility carries out disinfection treatment, creates the environmental condition for being adapted to seedling growth development.It is 54 × 28cm specifications 32 to use size
The plastics cave dish and commercialization nutrition pot grown seedling matrix of hole/disk carry out nursery.
2.1.2 Seed Treatment
2.1.2.1 Medicament soaked seed
Soaked seed 20 minutes for 500 times with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, pull clean, Seed soaking 3~4 hours out.
2.1.2.2 hot water treatment of seeds
By seed with 55 DEG C of water seed soaking 20 minutes, natural cooling is soaked 3~4 hours again, cleans vernalization after mucus.
2.1.3 vernalization
Seed wet sand cloth after seed soaking is wrapped and is put into vernalization under 30~32 DEG C of temperature conditionss, can when 85% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally
Sowing, summer and autumn not vernalization.
3. sow
3.1 sowing time
Sowing time is determined according to cultural method and cultivation purpose.The minimum soil temperature stabilization of 1 centimeters of outdoor cropping is by after 12 DEG C
Can sow；Protectorate cultivation according to cultivation purpose, protection facility condition and cultivation level determines sowing time.
3.2 seed qualities
Seed purity >=95%, cleanliness >=98%, germination percentage >=95%, moisture≤8%.
3.3 application rates
According to plantation density, Protectorate cultivation, per 10~12g of 667m2 cultivated area nursery sowing quantities；5~7g of outdoor cropping.
3.4 types of seeding
First by matrix water spray stirring sabot before sowing（Water content 55%~60%）, extruding makes cavities matrix fill consolidation uniformly,
One, one hole of seed of germination is put into per cavities, covering is mixed with the fine earth 0.5cm of seedling bacterium enemy（Lose seed）, early spring hole tray upper berth
A small amount of dry rice straw, covering film takes Small plastic shed insulation, high temperature season bed surface covering sunshade net or straw, when seedling be unearthed 20~30% when,
Throw off bed surface covering.
4 seedling managements
4.1 temperature
Before emerging, nursery bed temperature control is in 30 DEG C of day temperature, 25~28 DEG C of night temperature；Qi Miao controls 20~22 DEG C of day temperature to leaf period,
15~18 DEG C of night temperature；True leaf controls 25~28 DEG C of day temperature, 15~18 DEG C of night temperature to the first seven day is transplanted；Transplant first 7 days, progressively drop
Warm hardening, 22 DEG C of day temperature of control, 15~18 DEG C of night temperature, night temperature cannot be below 10 DEG C；
4.2 liquid manure
To control based on water, nursery stage occurs without water shortage symptom and does not water, and cotyledon period water shortage covers thin wet soil, leaf period water shortage, fine day
Noon pours the water close with ground temperature.Vola water is poured in high temperature season nursery, seedbed, occurs taking the circumstances into consideration water spray during water shortage symptom.
4.3 is ventilated
How ventilated Winter-Spring nursery, should try one's best.The method for early taking off late lid by Small plastic shed film is adjusted, continuous overcast and rainy
Suitably to divulge information, it is impossible to vexed canopy, high temperature season application sunshade net nursery, lid early at dusk in evening in the morning to be taken off.
5 graft seedling growths
5.1 engrafting methods
The step incidental droop of gold melon is stepped on effectively to prevent and treat, graft seedling growth technology should be used in the plot of continuous cropping.It is " rich
Sweet No. one " and " improvement Feng Tian mono- " muskmelon be all suitable for doing stock.Engrafting method application unifacial leaf pith-cambium grafting method：I.e. in stock
Cotyledon launches true leaf and just grows, and when scion has 1-2 true leaf, is first pruned obliquely downwards along a piece of cotyledon petioles of stock with grafting knife
Lobus cardiacus together with another cotyledon, then again with grafting knife along bottom of being pruned with stock inclined-plane in the same direction at about 0.5cm under scion cotyledon
The plumular axis and root for dividing, are pasted onto the otch of scion on the otch of stock rapidly, are gently clamped with special Grafting clip.Scion
In hole tray, stock is sowed on the plastics cave dish of 32 holes/disk specification simultaneously for sowing.
5.2 graftings manage
Grafting is placed in the seedbed of multi-layer heat preserving, and seedbed laying heating wire, tight shading, insulation, moisturizing 3 days, temperature keeps
At 25~30 DEG C.The thing that shelters from heat or light slowly is removed according to weather condition after 5 days, progressively stronger ventilation is taken a breath in the morning and at dusk, and by
Cumulative plus light transmission capacity, depending on weather and wound healing situation removal Grafting clip, is transferred to normal seedbed ventilation and penetrating light management after 10 days,
Stock rudiment is extractd in time.
6 field planting
6.1 resident times
Meet minimum soil temperature at 10cm to stablize by after 12 DEG C, you can determine resident time.
6.2 field planting methods and density
Protecting field：6 × 30m standard greenhouses, cultivate 150~180 plants of every canopy kind with climbing；Hut film-mulching cultivation：Per 667m2 kinds 400
~500 plants.First Plug seedling is put into planting pit during field planting, surrounding is tamped with thin mud soil then, is watered.
7 field management
7.1 temperature treatments
In field planting one week after, keep 30~35 DEG C daytime, after one week temperature drop to 25~28 DEG C of daytime, 18~20 DEG C of night,
Day and night temperature is kept after fruit setting at 12 ~ 14 DEG C.
7.2 rich water quality managements
Based on early stage moisturizing, based on mid-term control water, the later stage sees seedling with fertile damping, and conditional irrigation method uses micro-drop irrigation.
Field planting is watered 1-2 times to seedling-slowing stage, is stretched the climing phase and is applied NPK, refined Ran, Norway, ratio 18 per 667m2：4：19（It is not chloride）
4 ㎏, young melon it is horizontal through 2 ㎝ when, apply NPK, refined Ran, Norway, ratio 18 per 667m2：4：19（It is not chloride）8 ㎏, away from root
Caving ＆ fertilizing at 40~50cm of portion, the middle and later periods takes the circumstances into consideration plus 0.2 with 0.5% urea according to growth potential~and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out
Foliage spray.Prohibit the use of aborning without the exceeded municipal refuse of harmless treatment and contents of heavy metal elements, sludge and
Organic fertilizer.
7.3 Plant adjustments
Protectorate cultivation：Three leaves wholeheartedly to four leaves wholeheartedly when main stem pinching.Retain climing, pinching during 25~30 leaves of three healthy and strong sons
Pinch, sick leaf, old leaf, lopsided melon will in time be destroyed and clear out of field.Outdoor cropping：Stay 3~4 strips climing.
8 artificial pollinations
During the selection fair weather morning 6~10, opened using the same day or flower that the previous day opens carries out artificial pollination, rasputitsa is cold
Or when meeting overcast and rainy root of Chinese trichosanthes deficiency, female flowers are sprayed with effective fruit-setting 500 times of liquid of spirit.Effective fruit-setting spirit is not used after mid-April.
2-3 female flowers start to stay fruit, and every plant is stayed 10~12 melons.
9 harvestings
38~42 days after fruit setting, carpopodium hair it is sparse come off, areola depression, pericarp rice white, it is savory when harvest in time.
10 cleaning rural areas
Residual branch is lost into leaf and weeds are cleaned out, concentration carries out nuisanceless disposal, keep rural area cleaning.
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control during 11 rejuvenation
11.1 main diseases and insect pests
Seedling stage main diseases and insect pests：Samping off, damping-off, aphid.
Field main diseases and insect pests：Downy mildew, bacterial angular leaf spot, powdery mildew, epidemic disease, droop, blight dis-ease, aphid,
Lower insect etc..
Prevention and controls
11.2 principles
According to the plant protection policy of " putting prevention first, integrated control ", adhering to so that " cultural control, physical control, biological control are
Main, chemical prevention is paving " Unpolluting management principle.
11.2.1 cultural control
1. selection disease-resistant plant is reserved seed for planting.
2. of the right age strong sprout is cultivated, resistance is improved.Strengthen seedling stage rich water quality management, it is to avoid low temperature and high temperature damage.
3. efficent rotation.With non-melon crop crop rotation more than 3 years.Carry out rice field-upland field rotation in conditional area.
4. the rational application of fertilizer, scientific management.Applying organic manure, Shaoshi chemical fertilizer, prevents the soil salinization.
5. zanjon high ridge, prevents ponding, cleans rural area.Zanjon bedding cultivation high is carried out, the ㎝ of ditch depth 25 is advisable.Remove diseased plant residual
Leaf and miscellaneous
Grass, reduces the disease pest infection sources.
11.2.2 physical control
11.2.2.1 facility protection
High temperature season plastic covering film, fly net and sunshade net, carry out rain cover, sunshade, insect prevention cultivation, mitigate the hair of pest and disease damage
It is raw.
11.2.2.2 yellow card's trap
The insect such as suspension yellow card's trap aphid in facility.25 × 40cm of yellow plate gauge lattice, hangs 10~15 pieces, often per standard canopy
667m2 hangs 30~40 pieces.
11.2.2.3 high-temperature sterilization
Greenhouse preferably carries out soil high-temperature and disinfects in summer using solar energy.Its method is：Water level of pouring water be higher by field face 10 ~
12cm, can keep 8 ~ 12 days after once pouring water, and with the closed covering of awning film, the higher the better for temperature.
11.2.2.4 other method
Using frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp, sex attractant, insect-killing trapping.
11.2.3 biological control
1. active protection utilizes natural enemy, prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
2. disease pest is prevented and treated using biological pesticides such as macro tetrolide, pesticide corrosion 120, nimbin, agricultural streptomycin, new phytomycins
Evil.
11.2.4 main diseases and insect pests Agro-chemicals control
Should meet GB4285-1989, GB/T8321 using medicament（All parts）Requirement.
Proper application, strictly control safety interval, and common disease and pest selects medicine practical technique（For details, see the appendix A）.
Forbid to be prohibited using country high poison, the high residue chemical pesticide for using（For details, see the appendix B）.
Peach blossom little Bai melon common disease and pests select medicine practical technique
Appendix B
The chemical pesticide for prohibitting the use of
| Pesticide variety | Pesticide name |
| Organochlorine class | BHC, DDT, Niran, poisoning phenol, penta sodium pentachlorophenate, dicofol, chlorfenvinpho, Sai Dan |
| Organic phosphates | Parathion-methyl, 1605,1059, acephatemet, orthene, Azodrin, phosphamidon, isothioate, three phosphorus phosphorus, efficient phosphorus, flolimat, Resistox, Isofenphos methyl, hypertonic omethoate, synergy acephatemet, vest phosphorus, happy amine phosphorus, fast amine Phosphorus, isocarbophos, thimet（3911）, big wind and thunder, Foliamidophos, gram line pellet, Nemacur, zinc phosphide, Fluorakil 100, speed slaughters |
| Carbamates | MTMC, Furadan, iron go out gram, Methomyl（Except wild cabbage） |
| Fumigant | Aluminum phosphate, chloropicrin, dibromochloropropane, Bromofume |
| Other agricultural chemicals | Arsenic, Soviet Unionization 203, Spanon, ethoprophos, fast a red-spotted lizard gram, kill that snout moth's larva goes out, hydride, dieldrite, ulcer are net, 401（Antibiotic）, oppose withered frost, Pu Tedan, Bei Fulang, mercurial, nitrofen |
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method of little Bai melons rejuvenation, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps successively：The selection of kind of melon, Seed Treatment, sowing,
Seedling management, graft seedling growth, field planting, field management artificial pollination and harvesting, specifically include,
1）Plant melon selection
By 140 days breeding times of selection of purificating and rejuvenating, 11.5 grams of thousand grain weigth, growth potential is strong, and as a result performance is good, and every plant can tie
10~15, melon, female flower that tight knot position is low, and climing 3~5 section of son, grandson climing 1~2 save and give birth to female flower, and melon type is small, subcircular, list melon weight
300~350g, melon skin rice white, pulp white, pulp are thick（1.3-2.0）Cm, soluble solid 12-15%, meat are crisp, perfume (or spice)
The dense melon of taste makees kind of a melon；
2）Seed Treatment
1. Medicament soaked seed：Soaked seed 20 minutes with 500 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder, pull out clean, Seed soaking 3~4 is small
When；
2. hot water treatment of seeds：By seed with 55 DEG C of water seed soaking 20 minutes, natural cooling is soaked 3~4 hours again, is urged after cleaning mucus
Bud；
3. vernalization, the seed wet sand cloth after seed soaking is wrapped and is put into vernalization under 30~32 DEG C of temperature conditionss, treats that 85% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally
When can sow, summer and autumn not vernalization；
3）Sowing
Matrix water spray stirring sabot is first controlled into water content of substrate 55%~60% before sowing, extruding makes cavities matrix fill consolidation
Uniformly, one, one hole of seed of germination is put into every cavities, covering is mixed with the fine earth 0.5cm of seedling bacterium enemy, and early spring hole tray upper berth is few
Amount dry rice straw, covering film take Small plastic shed insulation, high temperature season bed surface covering sunshade net or straw, when seedling be unearthed 20~30% when, take off
Remove bed surface covering；
4）Seedling management
1. temperature control：Before emerging, nursery bed temperature control is in 30 DEG C of day temperature, 25~28 DEG C of night temperature；Qi Miao is controlled to leaf period
20~22 DEG C of day temperature, 15~18 DEG C of night temperature；True leaf controls 25~28 DEG C of day temperature, 15~18 DEG C of night temperature to the first seven day is transplanted；Transplant
First 7 days, hardening of progressively lowering the temperature, 22 DEG C of day temperature of control, 15~18 DEG C of night temperature, night temperature cannot be below 10 DEG C；
2. water and fertilizer management：To control based on water, nursery stage occurs without water shortage symptom and does not water, and cotyledon period water shortage covers thin wet soil；True leaf
Phase water shortage, fine day noon pours the water close with ground temperature；Vola water is poured in high temperature season nursery, seedbed, occurs taking the circumstances into consideration during water shortage symptom
Water spray；
3. it is ventilated：How ventilated Winter-Spring nursery, should be tried one's best, and the method for early taking off late lid by Small plastic shed film is adjusted,
It is continuously overcast and rainy also suitably to divulge information, it is impossible to vexed canopy, high temperature season application sunshade net nursery, lid early at dusk in evening in the morning to be taken off；
5）Graft seedling growth
Above-mentioned seedling is by the seedbed that grafting after grafting is placed on multi-layer heat preserving, seedbed laying heating wire, tight shading is protected
Temperature, moisturizing 3 days, temperature is maintained at 25~30 DEG C, and the thing that shelters from heat or light slowly is removed according to weather condition after 5 days, in the morning and at dusk by
Step stronger ventilation ventilation, and gradually increase light transmission capacity, depending on weather and wound healing situation removal Grafting clip, it is transferred to after 10 days normal
The management of seedbed ventilation and penetrating light, stock rudiment is extractd in time；
6) it is colonized
Minimum soil temperature stabilization is met at 10cm by after 12 DEG C,
Can be colonized, first seedling is put into planting pit, surrounding tamped with thin mud soil then, is watered；
7）Field management
1. temperature treatment
In field planting one week after, keep 30~35 DEG C daytime, after one week temperature drop to 25~28 DEG C of daytime, 18~20 DEG C of night,
Day and night temperature is kept after fruit setting at 12 ~ 14 DEG C；
2. rich water quality management
Based on early stage moisturizing, based on mid-term control water, the later stage sees seedling with fertile damping, and conditional irrigation method uses micro-drop irrigation；
Field planting is watered 1-2 times to seedling-slowing stage, stretches the climing phase per 667m2It is 18 to apply NPK, refined Ran, Norway's ratio：4：19 answer
The ㎏ of Hefei 4, young melon it is horizontal through 2 ㎝ when, apply NPK, refined Ran, Norway, ratio 18 per 667m2：4：198 ㎏, away from root 40
Caving ＆ fertilizing at~50cm, the middle and later periods takes the circumstances into consideration plus 0.2 with 0.5% urea according to growth potential~and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out blade face
Topdress；
3. Plant adjustment
During Protectorate cultivation：Three leaves wholeheartedly to four leaves wholeheartedly when main stem pinching, it is climing to retain three healthy and strong sons, is plucked during 25~30 leaves
The heart is pinched, and sick leaf, old leaf, lopsided melon will in time be destroyed and clear out of field；During outdoor cropping：Stay 3~4 strips climing；
8）Artificial pollination
During the selection fair weather morning 6~10, opened using the same day or flower that the previous day opens carries out artificial pollination, rasputitsa is cold
Or when meeting overcast and rainy root of Chinese trichosanthes deficiency, female flowers are sprayed with effective fruit-setting 500 times of liquid of spirit；Effective fruit-setting spirit is not used after mid-April；
2-3 female flowers start to stay fruit, and every plant is stayed 10~12 melons；
9）Harvesting
38~42 days after fruit setting, carpopodium hair it is sparse come off, areola depression, pericarp rice white, it is savory when harvest in time.
2. the method for a kind of little Bai melons rejuvenation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described step 3）, open country cultivation
The minimum soil temperature stabilization of 1 centimeters of training after 12 DEG C by that can sow.
3. the method for a kind of little Bai melons rejuvenation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described step 5）Grafting side
Method application unifacial leaf pith-cambium grafting method：Launch true leaf in stock cotyledon just to grow, when scion has 1-2 true leaf, first use grafting knife edge
The a piece of cotyledon petioles of stock prune lobus cardiacus together with another cotyledon obliquely downwards, then again with grafting knife along under scion cotyledon about
Pruned with stock inclined-plane in the same direction at 0.5cm the plumular axis and root of lower part, the otch of scion is pasted onto on the otch of stock rapidly,
Gently clamped with special Grafting clip.
4. the method for a kind of little Bai melons rejuvenation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described step 7）3. step plant
During strain adjustment, described protecting field is 6 × 30m standard greenhouses, cultivates every young plant of canopy kind 150~180 with climbing；Described dew
Ground cultivation is every 667m2Plant 400~500 young plants.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710015928.0A CN106818144A (en) | 2017-01-10 | 2017-01-10 | A kind of method of little Bai melons rejuvenation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710015928.0A CN106818144A (en) | 2017-01-10 | 2017-01-10 | A kind of method of little Bai melons rejuvenation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106818144A true CN106818144A (en) | 2017-06-13 |
Family
ID=59118560
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710015928.0A Pending CN106818144A (en) | 2017-01-10 | 2017-01-10 | A kind of method of little Bai melons rejuvenation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106818144A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108668663A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-10-19 | 山东伟丽种苗有限公司 | The unifacial leaf method of plant propagation with cutting |
| CN110073932A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-02 | 遵义衡中中药材科技开发有限公司 | One kind covering web, high efficiency planting technology method |
| CN110434061A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-11-12 | 山东百家兴农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of seed purification and method for culturing seedlings |
| CN111567333A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-25 | 北京兰德萨农业科技有限公司 | Seedling raising method for muskmelon |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101313649A (en) * | 2008-07-17 | 2008-12-03 | 佛山市三水区乐平镇农业服务中心 | Transplantation raise seedling grow method for musk melon |
| CN102138392A (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2011-08-03 | 付景兴 | Method of cultivation frame type management in melon grafting and seedling shed |
| CN103371099A (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2013-10-30 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Good-quality and high-yield seed production technique of muskmelon |
| CN105638030A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-06-08 | 铜陵市国虎生态农业科技有限公司 | High-efficiency muskmelon cultivation method |
| CN106171538A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2016-12-07 | 蒋寿春 | A kind of Fructus Melo graft seedling growth implantation methods |
-
2017
- 2017-01-10 CN CN201710015928.0A patent/CN106818144A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101313649A (en) * | 2008-07-17 | 2008-12-03 | 佛山市三水区乐平镇农业服务中心 | Transplantation raise seedling grow method for musk melon |
| CN102138392A (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2011-08-03 | 付景兴 | Method of cultivation frame type management in melon grafting and seedling shed |
| CN103371099A (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2013-10-30 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Good-quality and high-yield seed production technique of muskmelon |
| CN106171538A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2016-12-07 | 蒋寿春 | A kind of Fructus Melo graft seedling growth implantation methods |
| CN105638030A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-06-08 | 铜陵市国虎生态农业科技有限公司 | High-efficiency muskmelon cultivation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 江鸿飞: "《海岛主要瓜果蔬菜高效栽培技术》", 31 December 2011 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108668663A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-10-19 | 山东伟丽种苗有限公司 | The unifacial leaf method of plant propagation with cutting |
| CN110073932A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-02 | 遵义衡中中药材科技开发有限公司 | One kind covering web, high efficiency planting technology method |
| CN110434061A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-11-12 | 山东百家兴农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of seed purification and method for culturing seedlings |
| CN111567333A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-25 | 北京兰德萨农业科技有限公司 | Seedling raising method for muskmelon |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN100418400C (en) | Standard planting method of medicinal lycoris radiata | |
| CN103461049B (en) | Protective cultivation technique for rice | |
| CN105519347A (en) | Organic cultivation method based on rotation of autumn melons, vegetable broad beans, rice and water chestnuts | |
| CN104041272A (en) | Pollution-free greenhouse strawberry cultivation method | |
| CN101803518B (en) | Standardized plating method of Kunming begonia traditional Chinese medicinal materials | |
| CN105613024A (en) | Organic cultivation and rotation method for watermelons, rice and water chestnuts in spring and summer | |
| CN104823674A (en) | Muskmelon organic cultivation annual production method | |
| CN102037833A (en) | Technology and method for cultivating organic water melons | |
| CN105766298A (en) | Crop rotation organic cultivation method for summer and autumn watermelons, vegetable broad beans, rice and chufas | |
| CN105613025A (en) | Organic cultivation and rotation method for muskmelons, rice and water chestnuts in spring and summer | |
| CN101755583A (en) | Anti-season culture technology and method of organic watermelons | |
| CN105230300A (en) | Planting method for melons | |
| CN107047054A (en) | A kind of cultural method of more malva leaf interplanting edible gourd | |
| CN102771288A (en) | Konjac seed sexual propagation purification and rejuvenation technology | |
| CN107896863A (en) | A kind of breeding method of capsicum | |
| CN106818144A (en) | A kind of method of little Bai melons rejuvenation | |
| CN101595800B (en) | Method for cultivating American asparagus of UC157 common F1 variety | |
| CN105794486A (en) | Method for organically cultivating muskmelons, paddy rice, vegetable broad beans and water chestnuts in crop rotation manner | |
| CN107306647A (en) | Tomato paddy rice broccoli rice field-upland field rotation cultural method | |
| CN105941114A (en) | Organic Chinese cabbage plantation method | |
| CN108353737A (en) | A kind of Melon-artemisia selengensis cultural method | |
| CN107211717A (en) | A kind of muskmelon heliogreenhouse early spring, strawberry cultivation method autumn and winter | |
| CN104839009B (en) | A kind of method for improving white turnip breeding quality | |
| CN106233997A (en) | A kind of rice field-upland field rotation organic cultivation method of long season Fructus Capsici | |
| CN105191641B (en) | Serpent melon interplants the cultural method of capsicum after a kind of Chinese celery stubble |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20170613 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |