CN106171538A - A kind of Fructus Melo graft seedling growth implantation methods - Google Patents
A kind of Fructus Melo graft seedling growth implantation methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN106171538A CN106171538A CN201510228410.6A CN201510228410A CN106171538A CN 106171538 A CN106171538 A CN 106171538A CN 201510228410 A CN201510228410 A CN 201510228410A CN 106171538 A CN106171538 A CN 106171538A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Fructus Melo graft seedling growth implantation methods, it is characterized in that, it is to do stock with white melon, through sowing accelerating germination, grafting, management after grafting, transplant seedlings the steps such as field planting in good time, wherein sowing be first by white melon kind after seed soaking nursery 5-7 days, again Fructus Melo kind is soaked seed, accelerating germination, covering with canopy of becalming during grafting will the furrow section of grafting, first stock true leaf and growing point are removed, between two panels cotyledon with bamboo let be inserted perpendicularly into 0.3-0.5 centimetre deep, from scion cotyledon, about 0.3-0.5 centimeters enters cutter, in the relative each the most tiltedly partial application in two sides, tangent plane is long 0.3-0.5 centimetre, notice that stock is decussation with the cotyledon of scion；And keeping grafting to be incubated at 15 DEG C-30 DEG C, after grafting, in 5-7 days, in Small plastic shed, relative humidity should be maintained at 85%-95%.The Fructus Melo graft seedling growth implantation methods of said method has preventing and treating Fructus Melo droop effectively, overcomes continuous cropping obstacle, and grafting Fructus Melo strong stress resistance, and absorption ability of nutrient is strong.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field；More particularly to Fructus Melo graft seedling growth technical field.
Background technology
South is due to the planting technology of special weather, soil environment and maturation so that plantation Fructus Melo out is in good taste, enough fresh and sweet, is deeply welcome by urbanite, and supply falls short of demand for product.But along with continuous cropping for many years and itself Effect of Physiology Characteristic of Fructus Melo, droop has a strong impact on the yield of Fructus Melo, it is short of seedling time serious and reaches 6-7, suffer heavy losses.
People the most once attempted multiple method and prevented and treated, but effect is undesirable: one is to select disease-resistant variety.Although Fructus Melo kind is more currently on the market, but the kind that really with continuous cropping, can effectively prevent and treat droop is substantially nothing, and slightly has its inferior quality of kind of resistance, and yield is unstable.As a example by Fructus Melo, the kind that peasant household more accepts is the silver-colored brightness kind that Taiwan goes out, and its commodity is good, stable yield, but resistance is poor, continuous cropping susceptible disease.Two is pesticide control.Now, market also there is no the medicine that specific drug effectively can be treated when droop occurs, can only prevent with antibacterial when not falling ill, but effect is the most notable.Three is comprehensive control.By crop rotation, including different types of crop species crop rotation, rice field-upland field rotation, although have certain effect, but practical operation is difficult.That once planted just need to can continue plantation every five, six years, and easily by repeated infections such as current.Having preferable economic worth owing to planting Fructus Melo a few days ago, peasant household is also reluctant to replant other crops, receives unless arrived serious mistake.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, it is provided that a kind of survival rate height, the Fructus Melo grafting seedlings-growing method that melon quality better, yield are big, seedling grows soon at low temperatures, resistant to diseases and insects is strong.
The present invention is to realize above-mentioned purpose by following technical solution: this Fructus Melo grafting seedlings-growing method is that with white melon, Fructus Melo is done stock, and it specifically comprises the following steps that
A kind of Fructus Melo graft seedling growth implantation methods, it is characterised in that it is to do stock with white melon, and it specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) sowing accelerating germination: by white melon kind through seed soaking nursery, treat that white 1 to 3 cotyledon of melon Seedling is fully deployed, the most after planting 4-8 days, again by the seed soaking of Fructus Melo kind, accelerating germination, treating scion Embryo stem extension, cotyledon is intended to Zhan Weizhan, in peak green, and rootstock seedling is grafting optimum period when growing 1-2 sheet true leaf；
(2), grafting: during grafting with canopy of becalming cover will the furrow section of grafting, first stock true leaf and growing point are removed, between two panels cotyledon with bamboo let be inserted perpendicularly into 0.3 centimetre-0.5 centimetre deep, note wearing out stock epidermis；Cutting off Fructus Melo Seedling plumular axis with blade, clean with clear water, then 0.3-0.5 centimeters enters cutter from scion cotyledon, in the relative each the most tiltedly partial application in two sides, tangent plane is long 0.3-0.5 centimetre, and the edge of a knife to smooth；Then, left hand holds stock two panels cotyledon with two fingers, and the right hand takes scion to insert stock jack, makes stock and scion tangent plane tight connecting, notices that stock is decussation with the cotyledon of scion；
(3), the management after grafting: grafting is incubated at 15 DEG C-30 DEG C, and after grafting, in 5-7 days, in Small plastic shed, relative humidity should be maintained at 85%-95%；
(4) transplant seedlings field planting: when grafting length to 2-3 sheet true leaf is fully deployed, i.e., in good time transplantation land for growing field crops, transplant first 2 days seedbeds and to take off film completely and practice Seedling.
Further illustrating as such scheme, in described step () sowing accelerating germination step, white melon kind nursery accelerating germination is first to click and enter in nutrient bag, one bag one, uses Small plastic shed nursery；The sowing accelerating germination of Fructus Melo kind is to load 3-5 cm thick mud powder with sand table, after drenching by Fructus Melo seed uniform broadcasting on it, then is covered with a thin layer fine sand, is subsequently placed in accelerating germination in germinating box.When its white melon Seedling grows two panels cotyledon, then by the seed soaking of Fructus Melo kind, accelerating germination.
Prepare a transportable canopy of becalming before grafting and for wind sheltering during grafting and keep away high light.Preparing blade and bamboo let, bamboo let one end cutter is whittled into the flat pointed shape that tip is 0.5 cm.
In described step (two), grafting the previous day, seedbed drenches water, furrow connect after i.e. with diaphragm seal, in case of become a fine day light intensity, cover one layer of shading net the most again.
In management process after described step (three) grafting, grafting healing preference temperature, at 20 DEG C-25 DEG C, completely dispenses with in three days after grafting and takes off film；Vent can be opened after three days from small to large ventilate at two, can ventilate greatly after 9-10 days；Connect available gondola water faucet after latter 7 days graftings survive substantially to water.
In management process after described step (three) grafting, after stock extracts growing point, cotyledon axillalry bud, it is possible to sprout, should be extractd except bud in time；Shading net need not be covered for cloudy day cloudy weather, as shading net then must be added a cover when meeting High temperature after connecing, connect latter 5-7 days and can slowly remove shading net.
In described step, also should focus on damping off, epidemic disease, the anthrax prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, chemical control can use metalaxyl, thiophanate methyl, Mancozeb.
The present invention uses above-mentioned technical solution can reach to provide the benefit that: the present invention uses method of plant propagation with cutting graft seedling growth technology, is that through contrast repeatedly repeatedly, easy operation easy to learn, survival rate is up to more than 95% under experimental conditions many times.Fructus Melo does stock with white melon, and affinity is strong, and fruit quality is good, and scion uses the improved seeds adapted on market.Easily bear fruit, anti-blight, improve yield more than 30%.
The present invention is to get through experiment repeatedly, under the conditions of the specified temp of the present invention, humidity etc., has fabulous effect.
Detailed description of the invention
The Fructus Melo grafting cultivation technology of the present invention is to do stock with white melon, Fructus Melo grafting cultivation it is crucial that graft seedling growth technology, the present invention uses method of plant propagation with cutting graft seedling growth technology, and easy operation easy to learn, survival rate is up to more than 95%.Fructus Melo does stock with white melon, and affinity is strong, and fruit quality is good, and scion uses the improved seeds adapted on market, is described further below in conjunction with specific embodiment:
(1), the preparation of Nutrition Soil
Nutrition Soil preferably selects the new soil of below arable layer or previous crops to be the field soil in paddy field, is difficult to the sandy loam hardened after trickle.The barnyard manure adding 20% after being pulverized by soil block and becoming thoroughly decomposed, mixing is sieved.It is then charged into nutrient bag and is put into wide one meter, that length is suitable furrow face.Water of drenching several times with gondola water faucet is standby.
(2), sowing
With booth add Small plastic shed mode nursery can planting early enough, independent Small plastic shed nursery is then the slowest.
White melon kind is clicked and entered in nutrient bag after seed soaking, accelerating germination, one bag one, uses Small plastic shed nursery.Treating that white melon Seedling two panels cotyledon is fully deployed, the most after planting about 5-7 days, Fructus Melo kind can be soaked seed, accelerating germination.Fructus Melo kind nursery can load 3-5 cm thick mud powder with special sand table, after drenching by Fructus Melo seed uniform broadcasting on it, then is covered with a thin layer fine sand, is subsequently placed in accelerating germination in germinating box.Scion Embryo stem extension, cotyledon be intended to Zhan Weizhan, in peak green, it is grafting optimum period that rootstock seedling grows 2 true leaves of 1-.
(3), grafting
Prepare a transportable canopy of becalming before grafting and for wind sheltering during grafting and keep away high light.Preparing blade and bamboo let, bamboo let one end cutter is whittled into the flat pointed shape that tip is 0.5 cm.
Grafting the previous day, drenches water in seedbed.
During grafting with canopy of becalming cover will the furrow section of grafting, first stock true leaf and growing point are removed, between two panels cotyledon, are inserted perpendicularly into 0.5 cm with bamboo let deep, note wearing out stock epidermis.Cut off Seedling plumular axis with blade, clean with clear water, then from scion cotyledon about
0.3-0.5 centimeters enters cutter, and in the relative each the most tiltedly partial application in two sides, tangent plane length 0.5 cm, the edge of a knife to smooth.Then, left hand holds stock two panels cotyledon with two fingers, and the right hand takes scion to insert stock jack, makes stock and scion tangent plane tight connecting, notices that stock is decussation with the cotyledon of scion.
One furrow i.e. use diaphragm seal after having connect, and in case of become a fine day light intensity, cover one layer of shading net the most again.
(4), the management after grafting
Fructus Melo graft seedling growth it is crucial that insulation, moisturizing.
Insulation: grafting healing preference temperature, at 20 DEG C-25 DEG C, can affect survival rate less than 10 DEG C.Therefore, if temperature of shed is less than 15 DEG C, the measure of heating should be taked.After connecing latter 5-7 days, if temperature is too high, then it is noted that aeration-cooling anti-excessive growth.
Moisturizing and ventilation: after grafting, in 5-7 days, in Small plastic shed, relative humidity should be maintained at 85%-95%, completely dispense with in three days after grafting and take off film；Vent can be opened after three days from small to large ventilate at two, can ventilate greatly after 9-10 days.Connect available gondola water faucet after latter 7 days graftings survive substantially to water, but nutrient bag humidity is unsuitable too high, the easiest rotten Seedling.
Shading: cloudy day cloudy weather need not cover shading net, as then added a cover shading net when meeting High temperature after connecing, connects latter 5-7 days and can slowly remove shading net.
Except bud: after stock extracts growing point, cotyledon axillalry bud, it is possible to sprout, should be extractd in time, in order to avoid affecting the growth of scion melon Seedling.
(5), the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Sprout term disease mainly has damping off, epidemic disease, anthrax etc., and the main cause causing this type of disease is that canopy humidity is excessive, therefore should keep a close eye on ventilated.Chemical control can use metalaxyl, thiophanate methyl, Mancozeb etc..
Insect pest mainly prevents and treats Americal rice leaf miner, and this worm is mainly caused harm stock and scion cotyledon, and after cotyledon is injured, crisscross white tunnel occurs in surface, loses photosynthesis, thus affects melon Seedling healthy growth.The available medicament such as dimehypo, Imidacloprid of preventing and treating.
(6), transplant seedlings field planting in good time
When grafting length to 2-3 sheet true leaf is fully deployed, i.e. transplantation land for growing field crops.Transplant first 2 days seedbeds and to take off film white silk Seedling completely.
The contrast experiment using the inventive method proves, it has the advantage that
1, Zeng Lianzuo crosses soil plantation grafting survival rate is to more than 97%, and sickness rate declines more than 80%, and stable yield, secure；And plant the survival rate of solid Seedling between 40%-70%, yield is unstable.
2, the mu volume increase value 500-1500 unit of plantation grafting.
3, when the soil of non-continuous cropping plantation grafting, solid Seedling, the yield of plantation grafting increases by more than 17%, and the output value increases more than 480 yuan, removes the about 100 yuan of costs increased, still has preferable economic benefit.
Facts have proved the guarantee using the inventive method plantation grafting to be stable yields, volume increase.The Fructus Melo grafting cultivation of the present invention can prevent and treat Fructus Melo droop effectively, overcomes continuous cropping obstacle, and grafting Fructus Melo strong stress resistance, and absorption ability of nutrient is strong, and under equal conditions, yield substantially exceeds solid Seedling.
Claims (7)
1. a Fructus Melo graft seedling growth implantation methods, it is characterised in that it is to do stock with white melon, its specifically comprise the following steps that (one) sow accelerating germination: by white melon kind through seed soaking nursery, treat white 1 to 3 cotyledon of melon Seedling
Fully deployed, the most after planting 4-8 days, then Fructus Melo kind is soaked seed, accelerating germination, treat scion Embryo stem extension, cotyledon is intended to Zhan Weizhan, in peak green, and rootstock seedling is grafting optimum period when growing 1-2 sheet true leaf；(2), grafting: during grafting with canopy of becalming cover will the furrow section of grafting, first stock true leaf and growing point are removed, between two panels cotyledon, are inserted perpendicularly into 0.3 centimetre-0.5 li with bamboo let
Meter Shen, notes wearing out stock epidermis；Cutting off Fructus Melo Seedling plumular axis with blade, clean with clear water, then 0.3-0.5 centimeters enters cutter from scion cotyledon, in the relative each the most tiltedly partial application in two sides, tangent plane is long 0.3-0.5 centimetre, and the edge of a knife to smooth；Then, left hand holds anvil with two fingers
Wood two panels cotyledon, the right hand is taken scion to insert stock jack, is made stock and scion tangent plane tight connecting, notices that stock is decussation with the cotyledon of scion；(3), the management after grafting: grafting is incubated at 15 DEG C-30 DEG C, and after grafting, in 5-7 days, in Small plastic shed, relative humidity should be maintained at 85%-95%；(4) transplant seedlings field planting: when grafting length to 2-3 sheet true leaf is fully deployed, i.e., in good time transplantation land for growing field crops, transplant first 2 days seedbeds and to take off film completely and practice Seedling.
2.
Fructus Melo graft seedling growth implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step () sowing accelerating germination step, white melon kind nursery accelerating germination is first to click and enter in nutrient bag, one bag one, uses Small plastic shed nursery；The sowing accelerating germination of Fructus Melo kind is to load 3-5 cm thick mud powder with sand table, after drenching by Fructus Melo seed uniform broadcasting on it, then is covered with a thin layer fine sand, then
It is placed in accelerating germination in germinating box.
3.
Fructus Melo graft seedling growth implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step () sowing accelerating germination step, when white melon Seedling grows two panels cotyledon, then by the seed soaking of Fructus Melo kind, accelerating germination.
4.
A kind of Fructus Melo graft seedling growth implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (two), grafting the previous day, seedbed drenches water, furrow connect after i.e. with diaphragm seal, in case of become a fine day light intensity, cover one layer of shading net the most again.
5.
Fructus Melo graft seedling growth implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the management process after described step (three) grafting, grafting healing preference temperature, at 20 DEG C-25 DEG C, completely dispenses with in three days after grafting and takes off film；Can open from small to large at two after three days
Vent ventilates, and can ventilate greatly after 9-10 days；Connect available gondola water faucet after latter 7 days graftings survive substantially to water.
6.
Fructus Melo graft seedling growth implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the management process after described step (three) grafting, after stock extracts growing point, cotyledon axillalry bud, it is possible to sprout, should be extractd except bud in time；Shading net need not be covered for cloudy day cloudy weather,
As shading net then must be added a cover when meeting High temperature after connecing, connect latter 5-7 days and can slowly remove shading net.
7.
Fructus Melo graft seedling growth implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step, also should focus on damping off, epidemic disease, the anthrax prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, chemical control
Available metalaxyl, thiophanate methyl, Mancozeb.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106818144A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-06-13 | 魏韩英 | A kind of method of little Bai melons rejuvenation |
| CN107211736A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-29 | 安徽健禾农业开发有限公司 | A kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method |
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2015
- 2015-05-07 CN CN201510228410.6A patent/CN106171538A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106818144A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-06-13 | 魏韩英 | A kind of method of little Bai melons rejuvenation |
| CN107211736A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-29 | 安徽健禾农业开发有限公司 | A kind of muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method |
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