CN106751439B - 一种2-氨基吡啶-4-甲醇改性酚醛发泡材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种2-氨基吡啶-4-甲醇改性酚醛发泡材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 59
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- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- UDDVPFLXGOBESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-chloropyridin-4-yl)methanol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=NC(Cl)=C1 UDDVPFLXGOBESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- C08L61/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08L61/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
- C08L61/14—Modified phenol-aldehyde condensates
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G8/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08G8/28—Chemically modified polycondensates
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
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- C08J2361/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
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Abstract
一种2‑氨基吡啶‑4‑甲醇改性酚醛发泡材料及其制备方法,涉及一种发泡材料及其制备方法,将2—氯异烟酸、氯化亚砜与醇溶剂按照一定比例混合均匀,加入固定份数的催化剂,在恒温水浴90℃下反应90min,得到可发性酚醛树脂;将酚醛树脂、2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇按照一定比例,得到2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇改性后的酚醛树脂;将烘箱调制60℃预热30min,在所制得的改性酚醛树脂中加入一定量的固化剂搅拌均匀,然后所制得的改性后的酚醛树脂放入烘箱内发泡45min~60min;冷却后脱模得到2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇改性酚醛泡沫,这种树脂机械强度较高,残炭率、热分解峰值温度及极限氧指数均有提高。其工艺简单,具有广阔的发展和应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种发泡材料及其制备方法,特别是涉及一种2-氨基吡啶-4-甲醇改性酚醛发泡材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
通过酚醛树脂的改性,可以将柔韧性好的线型高分子化合物(如合成橡胶、聚乙烯醇缩醛、聚酰胺树脂等)混入酚醛树脂中;也可以将某些黏附性强的或者耐热性好的高分子化合物或单体与酚醛树脂用化学方法制成接枝或嵌段共聚物,从而使酚醛树脂获得更好的综合性能。
彭奇均,贺蓉,刘晓亚,杨丽丽,张军霞所研究的《聚乙烯吡啶树脂的功能及改性》对聚乙烯吡啶树脂进行了性能的测定,抗氧化性和抗辐射稳定性等性能均有提高。由此可见吡啶对树脂改性有很大作用。
氨基吡啶类化合物中的氨基和吡啶基的氮原子都具有较强的配位功能,可以与很多金属离子配位形成稳定的配合物,因此,吡啶环常被用作螯合树脂的功能基。公开专利号为CN 103588912 A的发明专利申请,公开了一种氨基吡啶改性树脂的制备方法。在其发明中高分子树脂选自大孔型交联的氯甲基化聚苯乙烯球体、聚甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯。得到的氨基吡啶改性树脂吸附材料用作吸附、分离金属离子包括贵金属或稀有金属的吸附材料及用作酰化、酯化等有机反应的催化剂。
公开专利号为CN 103664766 A的发明专利申请,其公开了一种2-氨基吡啶-4-甲醇的制备方法,这种制备方法操作简单,原料易寻且产品收率高,本发明将选用这种制备方法进行实验室自制,并用其改性酚醛树脂。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种2-氨基吡啶-4-甲醇改性酚醛发泡材料及其制备方法,本发明通过引入2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇改性酚醛树脂,改变了树脂间仅有亚甲基连接的结构,使改性泡沫的耐热性、韧性均得到了提高,同时燃烧后的残炭率及吸水率也得到了改善。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种2-氨基吡啶-4-甲醇改性酚醛发泡材料,所述发泡材料由以下原料按重量份配比制成:
酚醛树脂 100份;
2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇 40-55份;
表面活性剂 2-6份;
发泡剂 8-10份;
固化剂 12-15份。
所述的一种2-氨基吡啶-4-甲醇改性酚醛发泡材料,所述表面活性剂为吐温-80、硅油中的至少一种。
所述的一种2-氨基吡啶-4-甲醇改性酚醛发泡材料,所述发泡剂为正戊烷、异戊烷中的至少一种。
所述的一种2-氨基吡啶-4-甲醇改性酚醛发泡材料,所述固化剂为对甲基苯磺酸、二甲苯磺酸、苯酚磺酸、苯磺酸中的一种或几种硫酸中的一种或多种。
一种2-氨基吡啶-4-甲醇改性酚醛发泡材料制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将2—氯异烟酸、氯化亚砜与醇溶剂按照一定比例混合均匀,混合物升温至回流并保持回流4~6h后反应液调pH值8~9,得到2—氯异烟酸酯;将2—氯异烟酸酯、硼氢化钠、三氯化铝与四氢呋喃混合均匀,混合物升温至回流并保持回流3~6h后反应液调pH值4~5,去除有机溶剂后得到2—氯吡啶—4—甲醇;再经氨水和氯化铜反应后即可得到2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇;
(2)将苯酚与多聚甲醛按照一定的质量份数比混合均匀后,加入固定份数的催化剂,在恒温水浴90℃下反应90min,得到可发性酚醛树脂;
(3)将酚醛树脂、2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇按照一定比例,搅拌升温至50℃后,保持温度搅拌30min,待冷却至室温后加入一定量的表面活性剂、发泡剂,经机械搅拌后得到2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇改性后的酚醛树脂;
(4)将烘箱调制60℃预热30min,在所制得的改性酚醛树脂中加入一定量的固化剂搅拌均匀,然后所制得的改性后的酚醛树脂放入烘箱内发泡45min~60min;冷却后脱模得到2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇改性酚醛泡沫。
所述的一种2-氨基吡啶-4-甲醇改性酚醛发泡材料制备方法,所述方法包括以下反应过程的结构:
本发明的优点与效果是:
本发明提供了一种2-氨基吡啶-4-甲醇改性酚醛树脂的方法,提高了酚醛树脂的耐热性,柔韧性,同时改善了酚醛泡沫的吸水率、极限氧指数等综合性能。
本发明通过引入2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇改性酚醛树脂,改变了树脂间仅有亚甲基连接的结构,使改性泡沫的耐热性、韧性均得到了提高,同时燃烧后的残炭率及吸水率也得到了改善。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式的描述对本发明作进一步说明,但这并非是对本发明的限制,本领域技术人员根据本发明的基本思想,可以做出各种修改或改进,但是只要不脱离本发明的基本思想,均在本发明的范围之内。
实施例 1
将2—氯异烟酸、氯化亚砜与醇溶剂按照摩尔比1:1.2:8混合均匀,混合物升温至回流并保持回流4~6h后反应液调pH值8~9,得到2—氯异烟酸酯;将2—氯异烟酸酯、硼氢化钠、三氯化铝与四氢呋喃按照1:1.5:6:0.45比例混合均匀,混合物升温至回流并保持回流3~6h后反应液调pH值4~5,去除有机溶剂后得到2—氯吡啶—4—甲醇;再经氨水和氯化铜反应后即可得到2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇。将苯酚与多聚甲醛按照100:55的质量份数比混合均匀后,加入1质量份数的氢氧化钠,在恒温水浴90℃下反应90min,得到可发性酚醛树脂。将酚醛树脂、2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇按照100:40的质量份数比加入三口烧瓶中,搅拌升温至50℃后,保持温度搅拌30min,待冷却至室温后加入3质量份数的吐温-80和8质量份数的正戊烷,经机械搅拌后得到2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇改性后的酚醛树脂。将烘箱调制60℃预热30min,在所制得的改性酚醛树脂中加入一定量的固化剂搅拌均匀,然后所制得的改性后的酚醛树脂放入烘箱内发泡45min~60min。冷却后脱模得到2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇改性酚醛泡沫。
实施例 2
将2—氯异烟酸、氯化亚砜与醇溶剂按照摩尔比1:1.2:8混合均匀,混合物升温至回流并保持回流4~6h后反应液调pH值8~9,得到2—氯异烟酸酯;将2—氯异烟酸酯、硼氢化钠、三氯化铝与四氢呋喃按照1:1.5:6:0.45比例混合均匀,混合物升温至回流并保持回流3~6h后反应液调pH值4~5,去除有机溶剂后得到2—氯吡啶—4—甲醇;再经氨水和氯化铜反应后即可得到2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇。将苯酚与多聚甲醛按照100:55的质量份数比混合均匀后,加入1质量份数的氢氧化钠,在恒温水浴90℃下反应90min,得到可发性酚醛树脂。将酚醛树脂、2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇按照100:45的质量份数比加入三口烧瓶中,搅拌升温至50℃后,保持温度搅拌30min,待冷却至室温后加入3质量份数的吐温-80和8质量份数的正戊烷,经机械搅拌后得到2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇改性后的酚醛树脂。将烘箱调制60℃预热30min,在所制得的改性酚醛树脂中加入一定量的固化剂搅拌均匀,然后所制得的改性后的酚醛树脂放入烘箱内发泡45min~60min。冷却后脱模得到2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇改性酚醛泡沫。
实施例 3
将2—氯异烟酸、氯化亚砜与醇溶剂按照摩尔比1:1.2:8混合均匀,混合物升温至回流并保持回流4~6h后反应液调pH值8~9,得到2—氯异烟酸酯;将2—氯异烟酸酯、硼氢化钠、三氯化铝与四氢呋喃按照1:1.5:6:0.45比例混合均匀,混合物升温至回流并保持回流3~6h后反应液调pH值4~5,去除有机溶剂后得到2—氯吡啶—4—甲醇;再经氨水和氯化铜反应后即可得到2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇。将苯酚与多聚甲醛按照100:55的质量份数比混合均匀后,加入1质量份数的氢氧化钠,在恒温水浴90℃下反应90min,得到可发性酚醛树脂。将酚醛树脂、2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇按照100:50的质量份数比加入三口烧瓶中,搅拌升温至50℃后,保持温度搅拌30min,待冷却至室温后加入3质量份数的吐温-80和8质量份数的正戊烷,经机械搅拌后得到2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇改性后的酚醛树脂。将烘箱调制60℃预热30min,在所制得的改性酚醛树脂中加入一定量的固化剂搅拌均匀,然后所制得的改性后的酚醛树脂放入烘箱内发泡45min~60min。冷却后脱模得到2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇改性酚醛泡沫。
实施例 4
将2—氯异烟酸、氯化亚砜与醇溶剂按照摩尔比1:1.2:8混合均匀,混合物升温至回流并保持回流4~6h后反应液调pH值8~9,得到2—氯异烟酸酯;将2—氯异烟酸酯、硼氢化钠、三氯化铝与四氢呋喃按照1:1.5:6:0.45比例混合均匀,混合物升温至回流并保持回流3~6h后反应液调pH值4~5,去除有机溶剂后得到2—氯吡啶—4—甲醇;再经氨水和氯化铜反应后即可得到2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇。将苯酚与多聚甲醛按照100:55的质量份数比混合均匀后,加入1质量份数的氢氧化钠,在恒温水浴90℃下反应90min,得到可发性酚醛树脂。将酚醛树脂、2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇按照100:55的质量份数比加入三口烧瓶中,搅拌升温至50℃后,保持温度搅拌30min,待冷却至室温后加入3质量份数的吐温-80和8质量份数的正戊烷,经机械搅拌后得到2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇改性后的酚醛树脂。将烘箱调制60℃预热30min,在所制得的改性酚醛树脂中加入一定量的固化剂搅拌均匀,然后所制得的改性后的酚醛树脂放入烘箱内发泡45min~60min。冷却后脱模得到2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇改性酚醛泡沫。
本发明实施例1至 4所制备的酚醛泡沫与普通酚醛泡沫的性能对比如下表:
由上表可见,2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇改性后的酚醛泡沫的弯曲形变比基础泡沫提高了接近5倍,2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇的引入不但提高了材料的韧性,同时也改变了酚醛树脂之间仅有亚甲基相连的情况,改善了泡沫质脆、易粉化的缺点。
2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇改性的酚醛泡沫与普通酚醛泡沫的残炭率结果比较可看出,引入2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇使得改性后的酚醛泡沫比普通酚醛泡沫残炭率提升了大约10个百分点。改性酚醛泡沫热分解峰值温度高达 490.4 ℃,较普通酚醛泡沫提高了近75℃,耐稳定性显著提高。体积吸水率减少明显,约4个百分点,且极限氧指数增加4%~6%。
综上所述,本发明由2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇改性的酚醛树脂,使酚醛泡沫韧性大大改善,残炭率、热分解峰值温度和极限氧指数均有提高,体积吸水率有所下降产品的综合性能得到了提升。
Claims (6)
1.一种2-氨基吡啶-4-甲醇改性酚醛发泡材料,其特征在于,所述发泡材料由以下原料按重量份配比制成:
酚醛树脂 100份;
2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇 40-55份;
表面活性剂 2-6份;
发泡剂 8-10份;
固化剂 12-15份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种2-氨基吡啶-4-甲醇改性酚醛发泡材料,其特征在于,所述表面活性剂为吐温-80、硅油中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种2-氨基吡啶-4-甲醇改性酚醛发泡材料,其特征在于,所述发泡剂为正戊烷、异戊烷中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种2-氨基吡啶-4-甲醇改性酚醛发泡材料,其特征在于,所述固化剂为对甲基苯磺酸、二甲苯磺酸、苯酚磺酸、苯磺酸中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种2-氨基吡啶-4-甲醇改性酚醛发泡材料的备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将2—氯异烟酸、氯化亚砜与醇溶剂按照一定比例混合均匀,混合物升温至回流并保持回流4~6h后反应液调pH值8~9,得到2—氯异烟酸酯;将2—氯异烟酸酯、硼氢化钠、三氯化铝与四氢呋喃混合均匀,混合物升温至回流并保持回流3~6h后反应液调pH值4~5,去除有机溶剂后得到2—氯吡啶—4—甲醇;再经氨水和氯化铜反应后即可得到2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇;
(2)将苯酚与多聚甲醛按照一定的质量份数比混合均匀后,加入固定份数的催化剂,在恒温水浴90℃下反应90min,得到可发性酚醛树脂;
(3)将酚醛树脂、2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇加入三口烧瓶中,搅拌升温至50℃后,保持温度搅拌30min,待冷却至室温后加入一定量的表面活性剂、发泡剂,经机械搅拌后得到2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇改性后的酚醛树脂;
(4)将烘箱调制60℃预热30min,在所制得的改性后的树脂中加入一定量的固化剂搅拌均匀,然后将制得的改性后的酚醛树脂放入烘箱内发泡45min~60min;冷却后脱模得到2—氨基吡啶—4—甲醇改性酚醛泡沫。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种2-氨基吡啶-4-甲醇改性酚醛发泡材料制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下反应过程的结构:
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