CN106700003B - 一种苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;phenol Chemical compound O=C.OC1=CC=CC=C1 SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 76
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- WHOZNOZYMBRCBL-OUKQBFOZSA-N (2E)-2-Tetradecenal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C=O WHOZNOZYMBRCBL-OUKQBFOZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000004160 Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108090000608 Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940044654 phenolsulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- XSXWOBXNYNULJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1O XSXWOBXNYNULJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- BKUYVGOACRJHQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid;sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BKUYVGOACRJHQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005069 calcium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940062672 calcium dihydrogen phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- JOPDMDCUKRYBIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;phenol Chemical compound O=C.O=C.OC1=CC=CC=C1 JOPDMDCUKRYBIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical group CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G8/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08G8/28—Chemically modified polycondensates
- C08G8/32—Chemically modified polycondensates by organic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. fatty oils
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- C08G8/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08G8/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes
- C08G8/08—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ
- C08G8/10—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ with phenol
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Abstract
一种苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂及其制备方法,涉及一种发泡树脂及其制备方法,将苯酚与多聚甲醛按照一定的质量份数比混合均匀后,加入固定份数的氢氧化钠,得到可发性酚醛树脂;将酚醛树脂、苄基磷酸、潜溶剂按照一定比例,充分搅拌均匀后加入少量催化剂,加入一定量的表面活性剂、发泡剂,经机械搅拌后得到苄基磷酸改性后的酚醛树脂;所制得的改性酚醛树脂中加入一定量的固化剂搅拌均匀,然后所制得的改性后的酚醛树脂放入烘箱内发泡45min~60min。冷却后脱模得到苄基磷酸改性酚醛泡沫。这种树脂机械强度较高,残炭率、热分解峰值温度及极限氧指数均有提高。另外,其制造工艺简单,具有广阔的发展和应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种发泡树脂及其制备方法,特别是涉及一种苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着空间技术的发展,酚醛树脂在运载火箭,空间飞行器等高等技术领域得到广泛的应用。普通酚醛树脂能够在200℃以下稳定存在,当超过200℃以后,分子链中亚甲基与空气中的氧发生反应,导致酚醛树脂被氧化而失效。故对酚醛树脂进行改性以提高其耐热性是扩大酚醛应用领域的研究重点。
经查阅可知P—O键的键能和P=O键的键能大于C—C键的键能,故将磷原子引入酚醛树脂中也一定能提高酚醛树脂的耐热性,而目前有关于磷改性酚醛树脂的研究报道较少。
公开专利号为CN 103497296 A的发明专利申请,其公开了一种磷酸盐改性酚醛树脂的制备方法,将磷酸二氢钙与酚醛树脂按一定重量比混合均匀,烘干过筛,得到磷酸二氢钙与酚醛树脂的混合物,再与酚醛树脂固化剂混合均匀,所得混合物即为改性酚醛树脂。经磷酸盐改性后的酚醛树脂固化后,耐热性和冲击强度均有提高。
公开专利号为CN 103450261 A的发明专利申请,其公开了一种磷改性酚醛树脂的制备方法,这种磷改性酚醛树脂是先将特辛基苯酚和壬基酚与甲醛在催化剂作用下缩聚成酚醛缩合中间体,然后再与一元醇、有机磷类杂环化合物在指定温度、时间和催化条件下进一步反应制成。该磷改性酚醛树脂应用于电子化学品领域的涂装性能更加优良。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂及其制备方法,本发明通过引入苄基磷酸改性酚醛树脂,改变了树脂间仅有亚甲基连接的结构,在酚醛树脂中引入了热稳定性较高的杂环结构,并提高了树脂的芳香性,增加了酚醛泡沫的耐热性、韧性,同时燃烧后的残炭率及吸水率也得到了改善。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂,反应过程及结构如下所示:
。
一种苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂,此反应过程中苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂是由以下原料按重量份配比制成:
酚醛树脂 100份;
苄基磷酸 10-25份;
潜溶剂 5-10份;
催化剂 0.5-1.5份;
表面活性剂 2-6份;
发泡剂 8-10份;
固化剂 12-14份。
所述的苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂,潜溶剂为聚乙二醇。
所述的苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂,催化剂为三氧化二铝。
所述的苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂,表面活性剂为吐温-80、硅油中的至少一种。
所述的苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂,所述发泡剂为正戊烷、异戊烷中的至少一种。
所述的苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂,所述固化剂为对甲基苯磺酸、二甲苯磺酸、苯酚磺酸、苯磺酸中的一种或几种硫酸中的一种或多种。
一种苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将苯酚与多聚甲醛按照一定的质量份数比混合均匀后,加入固定份数的氢氧化钠,在恒温水浴90℃下反应90min,得到可发性酚醛树脂;
(2)将酚醛树脂、苄基磷酸、潜溶剂按照一定比例,充分搅拌均匀后加入少量催化剂,继续搅拌30min后,加入一定量的表面活性剂、发泡剂,经机械搅拌后得到苄基磷酸改性后的酚醛树脂;
(3)将烘箱调制60℃预热30min,在所制得的改性酚醛树脂中加入一定量的固化剂搅拌均匀,然后所制得的改性后的酚醛树脂放入烘箱内发泡45min~60min。冷却后脱模得到苄基磷酸改性酚醛泡沫。
本发明的优点与效果是:
本发明提高了酚醛树脂的耐热性,且结构稳定,所制得的酚醛泡沫韧性有较大提高,同时改善了酚醛泡沫的吸水率等综合性能。
本发明通过引入苄基磷酸改性酚醛树脂,改变了树脂间仅有亚甲基连接的结构,在酚醛树脂中引入了热稳定性较高的杂环结构,并提高了树脂的芳香性,增加了酚醛泡沫的耐热性、韧性,同时燃烧后的残炭率及吸水率也得到了改善。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
实施例1
将苯酚与多聚甲醛100:55的质量份数比加入到反应釜中,混合均匀后加入1质量份数氢氧化钠,在恒温水浴90℃下反应90min,得到可发性酚醛树脂。将酚醛树脂、苄基磷酸、聚乙二醇按照100:10:5的质量份数比加入三口烧瓶中,充分搅拌均匀后加入0.5份三氧化而铝,继续搅拌30min后,加入3质量份数的吐温-80和8质量份数的正戊烷,经机械搅拌均匀后,得到苄基磷酸改性后的酚醛树脂。将烘箱调制60℃预热30min,在所制得的改性酚醛树脂中加入12质量份数的甲基苯磺酸搅拌均匀,然后所制得的改性后的酚醛树脂放入烘箱内发泡45min~60min。冷却后脱模得到苄基磷酸改性酚醛泡沫。
实施例 2
将将苯酚与多聚甲醛100:55的质量份数比加入到反应釜中,混合均匀后加入1质量份数氢氧化钠,在恒温水浴90℃下反应90min,得到可发性酚醛树脂。将酚醛树脂、苄基磷酸、聚乙二醇按照100:15:8的质量份数比加入三口烧瓶中,充分搅拌均匀后加入0.8份三氧化而铝,继续搅拌30min后,加入3质量份数的吐温-80和8质量份数的正戊烷,经机械搅拌均匀后,得到苄基磷酸改性后的酚醛树脂。将烘箱调制60℃预热30min,在所制得的改性酚醛树脂中加入12质量份数的甲基苯磺酸搅拌均匀,然后所制得的改性后的酚醛树脂放入烘箱内发泡45min~60min。冷却后脱模得到苄基磷酸改性酚醛泡沫。
实施例 3
将苯酚与多聚甲醛100:55的质量份数比加入到反应釜中,混合均匀后加入1质量份数氢氧化钠,在恒温水浴90℃下反应90min,得到可发性酚醛树脂。将酚醛树脂、苄基磷酸、聚乙二醇按照100:20:8的质量份数比加入三口烧瓶中,充分搅拌均匀后加入1份三氧化而铝,继续搅拌30min后,加入3质量份数的吐温-80和8质量份数的正戊烷,经机械搅拌均匀后,得到苄基磷酸改性后的酚醛树脂。将烘箱调制60℃预热30min,在所制得的改性酚醛树脂中加入12质量份数的甲基苯磺酸搅拌均匀,然后所制得的改性后的酚醛树脂放入烘箱内发泡45min~60min。冷却后脱模得到苄基磷酸改性酚醛泡沫。
实施例 4
将苯酚与多聚甲醛100:55的质量份数比加入到反应釜中,混合均匀后加入1质量份数氢氧化钠,在恒温水浴90℃下反应90min,得到可发性酚醛树脂。将酚醛树脂、苄基磷酸、聚乙二醇按照100:25:10的质量份数比加入三口烧瓶中,充分搅拌均匀后加入1.5份三氧化而铝,继续搅拌30min后,加入3质量份数的吐温-80和8质量份数的正戊烷,经机械搅拌均匀后,得到苄基磷酸改性后的酚醛树脂。将烘箱调制60℃预热30min,在所制得的改性酚醛树脂中加入12质量份数的甲基苯磺酸搅拌均匀,然后所制得的改性后的酚醛树脂放入烘箱内发泡45min~60min。冷却后脱模得到苄基磷酸改性酚醛泡沫。
本发明实施例1至 4所制备的酚醛泡沫与普通酚醛泡沫的性能对比如下表:
由上表可见,苄基磷酸改性后的酚醛泡沫的弯曲形变程度有明显增加,泡沫的弯曲形变比基础泡沫提高了接近3倍,苄基磷酸的引入不但提高了材料的韧性,同时也改变了酚醛树脂之间仅有亚甲基相连的情况,引入了热稳定性较高的杂环结构,改善了泡沫质脆、易粉化的缺点。
苄基磷酸改性的酚醛泡沫与普通酚醛泡沫的残炭率结果比较可看出,引入苄基磷酸使得改性后的酚醛泡沫比普通酚醛泡沫在800 ℃时的残炭率提升了大约10个百分点。改性酚醛泡沫热分解峰值温度高达 524.2 ℃,较普通酚醛泡沫提高了超过100℃,耐稳定性显著提高。体积吸水率减少明显,约4个百分点。
综上所述,本发明由苄基磷酸改性的酚醛树脂,使酚醛泡沫韧性有所改善,残炭率和热分解峰值温度均有提高,体积吸水率有所下降,产品的综合性能得到了提升。
以上通过具体实施方式的描述对本发明作进一步说明,但这并非是对本发明的限制,本领域技术人员根据本发明的基本思想,可以做出各种修改或改进,但是只要不脱离本发明的基本思想,均在本发明的范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂,其特征在于,反应过程及结构如下所示:
。
2.一种苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂,其特征在于:
此反应过程中苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂是由以下原料按重量份配比制成:
酚醛树脂 100份;
苄基磷酸 10-25份;
潜溶剂 5-10份;
催化剂 0.5-1.5份;
表面活性剂 2-6份;
发泡剂 8-10份;
固化剂 12-14份。
3.如权利要求2所述的苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂,其特征在于,潜溶剂为聚乙二醇。
4.如权利要求2所述的苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂,其特征在于,催化剂为三氧化二铝。
5.如权利要求2所述的苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂,其特征在于,表面活性剂为吐温-80、硅油中的至少一种。
6.如权利要求2所述的苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂,其特征在于,所述发泡剂为正戊烷、异戊烷中的至少一种。
7.如权利要求2所述的苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂,其特征在于,所述固化剂为对甲基苯磺酸、二甲苯磺酸、苯酚磺酸、苯磺酸中的一种或多种。
8.一种苄基磷酸共聚苯酚甲醛发泡树脂制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将苯酚与多聚甲醛按照一定的质量份数比混合均匀后,加入固定份数的氢氧化钠,在恒温水浴90℃下反应90min,得到可发性酚醛树脂;
(2)将酚醛树脂、苄基磷酸、潜溶剂按照一定比例,充分搅拌均匀后加入少量催化剂,继续搅拌30min后,加入一定量的表面活性剂、发泡剂,经机械搅拌后得到苄基磷酸改性后的酚醛树脂;
(3)将烘箱调制60℃预热30min,在所制得的改性酚醛树脂中加入一定量的固化剂搅拌均匀,然后所制得的改性后的酚醛树脂放入烘箱内发泡45min~60min;
冷却后脱模得到苄基磷酸改性酚醛泡沫。
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