CN106688848B - A kind of efficient hardening technology of bletilla tissue-cultured seedling - Google Patents
A kind of efficient hardening technology of bletilla tissue-cultured seedling Download PDFInfo
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- CN106688848B CN106688848B CN201611072012.0A CN201611072012A CN106688848B CN 106688848 B CN106688848 B CN 106688848B CN 201611072012 A CN201611072012 A CN 201611072012A CN 106688848 B CN106688848 B CN 106688848B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of efficient hardening technologies of bletilla tissue-cultured seedling, belong to Chinese medicine planting technology field, mainly comprise the steps that (1) bottle seedling sunlight shed hardening；(2) preparation in hardening seedbed and matrix；(3) tissue culture transplantation of seedlings；(4) it is managed after transplanting.The present invention can not only make the illumination of tissue-cultured seedling reform of nature and day and night temperature compared with other bletilla training tissue culture seedlings, transplantation technique, moreover it is possible to remarkably promote expanding for bletilla pseudobulb；Transplanting medium is laid with by the layering of different size bark pieces, the implantation methods of 2~3 plants of group planting is taken, to effectively improve the survival rate after bletilla tissue culture transplantation of seedlings；It is shorter the time required to hardening after transplanting, 2 months or more；The pseudobulb speed of growth is fast, and in transplanting 2 months, pseudobulb average diameter increases to 10.50mm, average production 4.84mm by 5.66mm；Tissue-cultured seedling average survival reaches 95% or more, and crop field survival rate, in the case where guaranteeing compared with high-survival rate, effectively increases production efficiency and seedling quality 97% or more.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Chinese medicine planting technology field, in particular to the efficient hardening technology of a kind of bletilla tissue-cultured seedling.
Background technique
Bletilla (Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb.f.) is orchid family bletilla category herbaceos perennial, again
Name bletilla, is given free of charge Lian Jicao, and main product is saved in Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan, Hunan, Hubei, Anhui etc..It is used as medicine with dry tuber,
For China's tradition conventional Chinese medicine, there is the effect of hemostasis convergence, clearing heat and promoting diuresis, detumescence and promoting granulation.Cure mainly hemoptysis of pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchus
Expand the diseases such as hemoptysis, gastric ulcer haematemesis, hematuria, hematochezia；The diseases such as traumatic hemorrhage, burn and scald, rhagadia manus et pedis are controlled in external application.In addition, white
And bletilla polysaccharide glue contained in pseudobulb can be applied to the fields such as food, chemical industry and biomedicine, development prospect is wide.With
The effect of bletilla is increasingly developed, also increasing to the demand of bletilla in the market.Wild resource because natural propagation rate is lower,
Along with long-term excavation, quantity falls sharply.The plant for being not only included in the Precious, Rare, Endangered of country now is protected, but also records
In international trade pact (CITES) annex, by the International Protection.
To meet the needs of market is to bletilla, while wild bletilla resource is protected, artificial growth bletilla is undoubtedly best
Approach, but lack one of the bottleneck that the second best in quality seedling has become bletilla artificial growth.Currently, bletilla source of seedling is main
By 3 approach: first is that acquisition capsule carries out seed sowing.Cost is relatively low for seed sowing, but since bletilla seed is tiny, no embryo
Cream, ateliosis, seed sowing require precision management, and required seedling and time of becoming a useful person are longer；Second is that excavation bletilla pseudobulb
Carry out division propagation.After division propagation, plant strain growth is very fast, but sowing quantity is big, and reproductive efficiency is low；Third is that being planted by tissue culture
Seedling carries out acclimatization and transplants.Tissue culture can obtain a large amount of tissue-cultured seedling in the short time, and reproductive efficiency is high, but in bletilla training tissue culture seedling
There is a problem of that the time is long, survival rate is low during transplanting.If bletilla group can be effectively improved while shortening the hardening time
Survival rate after training transplantation of seedlings obtains bletilla seedling by tissue culture and is undoubtedly preferable method.
In existing patent document, application No. is: 201210459635.9, a kind of entitled " raising bletilla tissue-cultured seedling
The Chinese patent of the method for transplanting survival rate " discloses the method for a kind of bletilla tissue culture and acclimatization and transplants, specifically includes: 1. bletillas
Seed asepsis sprouting；2. Multiplying culture；3. culture of rootage and degeneration-resistant induction；D, acclimatization and transplants.The present invention is added in the stage of taking root
The self-control inducer 10ml/L of SA0.3g/L+CTS2g/L makes it induce the resistance of tissue-cultured seedling while culture of rootage, increases
Strong seedling is to the adaptability of external environment, to improve the transplanting survival rate of seedling.
Application No. is: 201310181724.6, the Chinese patent of entitled " rhizoma bletillae tissue culture corm acclimation method " discloses
A kind of rhizoma bletillae tissue culture corm acclimation method.The group of rhizoma bletillae tissue culture corm domestication matrix is divided into decomposed wood sawdust, vermiculite and broken
Bark, the mass ratio of wood sawdust, vermiculite and broken bark are 3:1:1, and the domestication time is 1 year or more；In rhizoma bletillae tissue culture corm tiller
After growing 2~3 new stem tubers, then use above-mentioned domestication matrix rooting culture that can just carry out field production after 3~6 months,
It is longer to tame the time.
Application No. is: 201410249457.6, the Chinese patent of entitled " a kind of bletilla transplantation of seedlings matrix " discloses one
Kind bletilla transplantation of seedlings matrix, the bletilla transplantation of seedlings matrix includes the river of the bark residue of 90~110 parts by weight, 30~34 parts by weight
Husky, 4~6 parts by weight well-rotted farmyard manures.After being transplanted bletilla bottle seedling 150 days using the matrix, 15 centimetres of height of seedling, bulb diameter
1.6 centimetres, 483 plants are planted, survives 468 plants, survival rate 99%.
Application No. is: 201510899006.1, entitled " a method of improve bletilla training tissue culture seedling survival rate "
Chinese patent application discloses a kind of bletilla method for training tissue culture seedling.Method includes the following steps: the production of (a) fermenting cellar,
(b) preparation of Nutrition Soil, (c) preparation of organic disinfection liquid, (d) bletilla training tissue culture seedling；The invention has prevented application agriculture
The phenomenon that medicine, after bletilla training tissue culture seedling 3-4 months, can make the survival rate of bletilla hardening reach 95% or more, field-transplanting at
Motility rate is up to 98% or more.
The hardening technology for bletilla tissue-cultured seedling is all disclosed in above-mentioned document, improves the survival rate of hardening, but exist
The problem of domestication time is longer when hardening, hardening overlong time, practicing the seedling time is to differ for 3 months to 5 months.By 3 months
The hardening time calculates, and can go out within 1 year 4 batches of seedlings, if can foreshorten to the hardening time 2 months, can go out within 1 year 6 batches of seedlings, then can be significantly
The efficiency of training tissue culture seedling is improved, to improve the reproduction speed of bletilla, alleviates the contradiction of bletilla seedling supply and demand, promotes bletilla kind
The growth and development of plant industry.
Summary of the invention
For the problem that bletilla training tissue culture seedling transplanting time is long, survival rate is low, the purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind
The efficient hardening technology of bletilla tissue-cultured seedling, effectively improve bletilla tissue-cultured seedling matrix transplanting and field-transplanting after survival rate it is same
When, the hardening time can be greatly shortened by hardening cycle time to two months, so as to shorten the artificial growth bletilla period, improve warp
Ji benefit.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of efficient hardening technology of bletilla tissue-cultured seedling, preparation including bottle seedling sunlight shed hardening, hardening seedbed and matrix,
Four-stage, the specific steps in each stage are managed after tissue culture transplantation of seedlings, white transplanting are as follows:
(1) bottle seedling sunlight shed hardening: bletilla tissue-cultured seedling preliminarily forms false squama after being transferred to Rooting and hardening-off culture about 1 month
The tissue-cultured seedling of stem and root system, the number of blade >=2 piece can carry out sunlight shed hardening, by tissue-cultured seedling together with container move to greenhouse or
(one layer of sunshade net is covered, light transmittance is 50%~70%) in greenhouse, seals hardening 20d~40d, control temperature 10 DEG C~30
DEG C, so that the illumination of tissue-cultured seedling reform of nature and day and night temperature；
(2) preparation of hardening seedbed and matrix: the plot of not ponding is selected, is surrounded with brick, plank or sunshade net etc.
Wide 1.2~1.5m, the seedbed of high 20cm, seedbed 40~60cm of spacing；Bark residue is collected, allows it with plastic foil covering after sprinkling profoundly water
After sufficiently rotting, it is broken into the matrix as made of big fractionlet hybrid combining, the matrix smashed is layered on seedbed, it is thick about
12cm；
(3) tissue culture transplantation of seedlings: by the bottle seedling Jing Guo sunlight shed hardening, gently taking out tissue-cultured seedling with tweezers from culture bottle,
It is put into 18~20 DEG C of water, washes away the culture medium being adhered on seedling, impregnated with 500 times of 50% carbendazim or 75% Bravo
5min is put into ready pallet, for use；The tools such as the sharp bamboo chip with wide 2-3cm are pricked in matrix can accommodate the small of root system
Hole, planting depth are pseudobulb apart from stromal surface 0.5cm or so, and the root system of tissue-cultured seedling is put into hole and is compacted, is irrigated later
Water；
(4) it is managed after white transplanting: building interim small arch shelter on hardening bed, cover one layer of sunshade net after overlay film again (thoroughly
Light rate is 50%~70%), it transplants head 1 month, sprinkling irrigation in every 2~3 days is primary, can reduce sprinkling irrigation time according to weather after 1 month
Number, sprinkling irrigation in every 3~4 days is primary, and temperature controls 10 DEG C~30 DEG C between, and air humidity is controlled 70%~100%, and crop field is fixed
Planting the last fortnight can stop spraying, and take Small plastic shed off, carry out hardening.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1. using technology of the invention, the bletilla seedling speed of growth is fast, and pseudobulb is big, can effectively improve seedling quality.Tissue culture
Seedling seals hardening 20d~40d by sunlight shed, effectively facilitates the formation and increase of pseudobulb, pseudobulb diameter range exists
Between 2.97mm~17.44mm.2 months after transplanting, average plant height is by 9.18cm long to 14.52cm；Blade average length
By 6.81cm long to 10.80cm, mean breadth is by 0.51cm long to 1.11cm；Mean elements increases to 8.4 by 5.8；It is false
Bulb average diameter increases to 10.50mm by 5.66mm, and pseudobulb averagely increases 4.84mm.
2. shorter the time required to hardening after present invention transplanting, 2 months or more, training tissue culture seedling average survival reached
To 95% or more, crop field survival rate is 97% or more, compared with prior art, easy to operate, without using agriculture chemical, is protecting
In the case that card is compared with high-survival rate, the hardening time shortens 30d~90d, effectively increases production efficiency.
3. 6 batches of kinds can be harvested for 1 year using 2-3 plants/hole of group planting by carrying out bletilla training tissue culture seedling using the technology of the present invention
Seedling, by 800 plants/m2, the calculating of 0.8 yuan/plant, every square meter annual value of production is 800 × 0.8 × 6=3840 member, and cost presses 0.4 yuan/plant,
25 yuan/the m such as land rent, management, matrix2/ year, every square meter year cost are 0.4 × 800 × 6+25=1945 member, and every square meter year is economical
Benefit is 3840-1945=1895 member, and year, economic benefit can be with compared with other methods (hardening time be 3 months~5 months)
Improve 1.5~3 times.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that training tissue culture seedling moves effect after planting figure.
Fig. 2 is bletilla pseudobulb growing state figure after acclimatization and transplants.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention and attached drawing, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Ground description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this
Embodiment in invention, every other reality obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Example is applied, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of efficient hardening technology of bletilla tissue-cultured seedling, preparation including bottle seedling sunlight shed hardening, hardening seedbed and matrix,
Four-stage, the specific steps in each stage are managed after tissue culture transplantation of seedlings, white transplanting are as follows:
(1) bottle seedling sunlight shed hardening: bletilla tissue-cultured seedling preliminarily forms false squama after being transferred to Rooting and hardening-off culture about 1 month
The tissue-cultured seedling of stem and root system, the number of blade >=2 piece can carry out sunlight shed hardening, by tissue-cultured seedling together with container move to greenhouse or
(one layer of sunshade net is covered, light transmittance is 50%~70%) in greenhouse, seals hardening 20d~40d, control temperature 10 DEG C~30
DEG C, so that the illumination of tissue-cultured seedling reform of nature and day and night temperature；
(2) preparation of hardening seedbed and matrix: the plot of not ponding is selected, is surrounded with brick, plank or sunshade net etc.
Wide 1.2~1.5m, the seedbed of high 20cm, seedbed 40~60cm of spacing；Bark residue is collected, allows it with plastic foil covering after sprinkling profoundly water
After sufficiently rotting, it is broken into the matrix as made of big fractionlet hybrid combining, the matrix smashed is layered on seedbed, it is thick about
12cm；
(3) tissue culture transplantation of seedlings: by the bottle seedling Jing Guo sunlight shed hardening, gently taking out tissue-cultured seedling with tweezers from culture bottle,
It is put into 18~20 DEG C of water, washes away the culture medium being adhered on seedling, impregnated with 500 times of 50% carbendazim or 75% Bravo
5min is put into ready pallet, for use；The tools such as the sharp bamboo chip with wide 2-3cm are pricked in matrix can accommodate the small of root system
Hole, planting depth are pseudobulb apart from stromal surface 0.5cm or so, and the root system of tissue-cultured seedling is put into hole and is compacted, is irrigated later
Water；
(4) it is managed after white transplanting: building interim small arch shelter on hardening bed, cover one layer of sunshade net after overlay film again (thoroughly
Light rate is 50%~70%), it transplants head 1 month, sprinkling irrigation in every 2~3 days is primary, can reduce sprinkling irrigation time according to weather after 1 month
Number, sprinkling irrigation in every 3~4 days is primary, and temperature controls 10 DEG C~30 DEG C between, and air humidity is controlled 70%~100%, and crop field is fixed
Planting the last fortnight can stop spraying, and take Small plastic shed off, carry out hardening.
Further, as a preferred solution of the present invention: the bletilla transplanting medium is characterized in: the matrix of thick 12cm
Main point of 2 layers of laying, larger bark pieces are layered on the bottom, and thickness is no more than 8cm, and it is (straight that upper layer is laid with lesser matrix debris
Diameter≤2cm), thickness at least 4cm.During transplanting, the larger fragment of omission can be laid on surface layer after having transplanted seedling.Bletilla
With the hygrophilous biological habit for being afraid of flood, especially root system avoids waterflooding, and big fragment is laid on bottom, is conducive to draining, small fragment paving
It is located at upper layer, is conducive to bletilla root growth and nutrient absorption.Design, which is mainly in view of save the cost and is conducive to bletilla, grows two sides
Face reason, upper layer fractionlet diameter≤2cm bletilla root system root of hair is preferable, is also conducive to water conservation, matrix is not easy drying, if thickness is small
It is unfavorable for bletilla root system late growth in 4cm.
Further, as a preferred solution of the present invention: the transplanting is characterized in: tissue-cultured seedling is in sunlight shed hardening
After 20d~40d, the seedling of pseudobulb >=3mm, the number of blade >=2 piece, plant height >=6cm, plant strain growth stalwartness can just be transplanted, and be moved
Cold November to next year 2 months should be avoided by planting, and the selection weather that wind is small, sunlight is weak or period carry out.
Further, as a preferred solution of the present invention: the bletilla transplanting is characterized in: tissue-cultured seedling uses group planting,
I.e. 2~3 plants are put into a hole, pitch-row (4~5) cm × (4~5) cm.Bletilla growth has Symbiotic effectiveness, i.e., when one plant of bletilla
More short and small when plant individually grows, growing way is poor, and is clustered together growth more preferably.Using group planting method can be in order to
Grow bletilla within a short period of time more preferably.But if group planting quantity is too many, root system is interleaved together, in later field transplanting point
It is easy to damage root system when strain, is unfavorable for crop field and survives, therefore using 2~3 plants of group planting mode, meanwhile, pitch-row uses (4~5)
Cm × (4~5) cm, can efficiently use the Symbiotic effectiveness of bletilla.
Further, it a preferred embodiment of the present invention: manages and is characterized in after the bletilla transplanting: when 30 DEG C of temperature >
When, the plastic foil that open Small plastic shed is ventilated, cooling.
Embodiment 1
A kind of efficient hardening technology of bletilla tissue-cultured seedling, the specific steps are that:
(1) bottle seedling sunlight shed hardening: bletilla tissue-cultured seedling has preliminarily formed after being transferred to Rooting and hardening-off culture about 1 month
The tissue-cultured seedling of pseudobulb and root system, the number of blade >=2 piece can carry out sunlight shed hardening, and tissue-cultured seedling is moved to temperature together with container
(a floor sunshade net is covered, light transmittance is 50%~70%) in room or greenhouse, controls temperature at 10 DEG C~30 DEG C, so that tissue-cultured seedling
Reform of nature illumination and day and night temperature.After sealing hardening 20d, tissue-cultured seedling pseudobulb >=3mm, the number of blade >=2 piece, plant height >=6cm
When, the tissue-cultured seedling of robust growth can be transplanted.
(2) it transplants the preparation of seedbed and matrix: selecting the plot of not ponding, surrounded wide 1.2m with solid common brick, it is high
20cm, the seedbed of long 10m, seedbed spacing 50cm；It will be irrigated after placement in heaps from the bark residue of wood-working factory's transport back
After allowing it sufficiently to rot with plastic foil covering after water, it is broken into the matrix as made of big fractionlet hybrid combining, by what is smashed
Matrix is layered on seedbed, thickness about 12cm.Matrix mainly divides 2 layers of laying, and larger bark pieces are layered on the bottom, thickness about 8cm, on
Layer is laid with lesser matrix debris (diameter≤2cm), thickness about 4cm.During transplanting, the larger fragment of omission is transplanting seedling
Afterwards, it is laid on surface layer.
(3) tissue culture transplantation of seedlings: bottle seedling is after sunlight shed hardening 20d~40d, pseudobulb >=3mm, the number of blade >=2 piece, plant height
The seedling of >=6cm, plant strain growth stalwartness can just be transplanted.Tissue-cultured seedling is gently taken out from culture bottle with tweezers, is put into 18~20
DEG C water in, wash away the culture medium being adhered on seedling, impregnate 5min with 500 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powders, be put into standard
In the pallet got ready, for use；The tools such as the sharp bamboo chip with wide 2-3cm prick the aperture that can accommodate root system, planting depth in matrix
It is pseudobulb apart from stromal surface 0.5cm or so, the root system of 2~3 plants of tissue-cultured seedling is put into hole and is compacted, is sprinkled profoundly water later.It moves
It plants the selection weather that wind is small, sunlight is weak or the period carries out.
(4) manage after transplanting: the seedbed is built in the greenhouse for covering one layer of sunshade net (light transmittance is 50%~70%), moves
Interim small arch shelter is built after cultivation on hardening bed, plastic covering film is on canopy to guarantee that humidity, air humidity are controlled 70%
~100%；Temperature controls 10 DEG C~30 DEG C between.Transplanting head 1 month, it is primary according to sprinkling irrigation in weather every 2~3 days；After 1 month
Sprinkling irrigation number can be reduced according to weather, sprinkling irrigation in every 3~4 days is primary, meanwhile, the plastic foil of removable Small plastic shed.As temperature >
At 30 DEG C, plastic foil and the opening greenhouse ventilation opening that open Small plastic shed are ventilated, cooling.
This example is implemented in Yunnan Province, Songming County, the Kunming village Qian Suo, the township Bai Yi.Bletilla tissue-cultured seedling transplanting time is 2015
March 25, pitch-row about (4~5) cm × (4~5) cm.Using method of random sampling, 749 plants of bletilla tissue-cultured seedling are extracted altogether before transplanting
Its growing state of tracking observation afterwards, root system, pseudobulb, plant height, blade growing way show preferable (being shown in Table 1) after transplanting, and 2015 5
Month statistics survival rate on the 28th is up to 95%.And transplanted in the same day to crop field, the statistics crop field survival rate on the 15th of September in 2015 is up to 97%.
Plant strain growth situation before and after 1 bletilla tissue culture transplantation of seedlings of table
Embodiment 2
A kind of efficient hardening technology of bletilla tissue-cultured seedling, the specific steps are that:
(1) sunlight shed hardening: it will be transferred in Rooting and hardening-off culture base and cultivate 1 month, preliminarily formed pseudobulb and root
System, the tissue-cultured seedling of the number of blade >=2 piece move in greenhouse or greenhouse together with container and (cover one layer of sunshade net, light transmittance is
50%~70%), control temperature is at 10 DEG C~30 DEG C, so that the illumination of tissue-cultured seedling reform of nature and day and night temperature.Seal hardening 30d
Afterwards, tissue-cultured seedling pseudobulb >=3mm, the number of blade >=2 piece when plant height >=6cm, can transplant the tissue-cultured seedling of robust growth.
(2) wide 1.5m, high 20cm, long 6m the preparation of bletilla tissue-cultured seedling transplanting seedbed and matrix: are surrounded with hollow brick
Seedbed, seedbed spacing 40cm；By the bark residue from wood-working factory's transport back, after placement in heaps, plastics are used after sprinkling profoundly water
After film covering allows it sufficiently to rot, it is broken into the matrix as made of big fractionlet hybrid combining, the matrix smashed is layered on seedling
On bed, thickness about 12cm.Matrix mainly divides 2 layers of laying, and larger bark pieces are layered on the bottom, thickness about 6cm, and upper layer is laid with smaller
Matrix debris (diameter≤2cm), thickness about 6cm.
(3) it transplants: gently taking out tissue-cultured seedling from culture bottle with tweezers, be put into 18~20 DEG C of water, wash away and be adhered to
Culture medium on seedling impregnates 5min with 500 times of 75% Bravo wettable powders, is put into ready pallet, for use.With
The tools such as the sharp bamboo chip of wide 2-3cm prick the aperture that can accommodate root system in matrix, and planting depth is pseudobulb apart from stromal surface
The root system of tissue-cultured seedling is put into hole and is compacted, sprinkles profoundly water later by 0.5cm or so.
(4) managed after transplanting: building interim small arch shelter, covered again after overlay film one layer of sunshade net (light transmittance is 50%~
70%) it, transplants head 1 month, sprinkling irrigation in every 2~3 days is primary, can reduce sprinkling irrigation number after 1 month according to weather, spray within every 3~4 days
Fill primary.Temperature controls 10 DEG C~30 DEG C between, and air humidity is controlled 70%~100%.When 30 DEG C of temperature >, to take off
The plastic foil for opening Small plastic shed is ventilated, cooling.
This example is implemented in Kunming, Yunnan city Panlong District.Bletilla tissue-cultured seedling transplanting time is on 2 4th, 2015, seeding row spacing
About (4~5) cm × (4~5) cm.On May 17th, 2015, statistics survival rate was up to 96.2%.And it transplanted in the same day and next day to big
Field, on March 12nd, 2016, statistics survival rate was up to 98.2%.
Using technology of the invention, the bletilla seedling speed of growth is fast, and pseudobulb is big, can effectively improve seedling quality.Tissue-cultured seedling
Hardening 20d~40d is sealed by sunlight shed, effectively facilitates the formation and increase of pseudobulb, pseudobulb diameter range is in 2.97mm
Between~17.44mm.2 months after transplanting, average plant height is by 9.18cm long to 14.52cm；Blade average length by
6.81cm long to 10.80cm, mean breadth is by 0.51cm long to 1.11cm；Mean elements increases to 8.4 by 5.8；False squama
Stem average diameter increases to 10.50mm by 5.66mm, and pseudobulb averagely increases 4.84mm.While improving high seedling quality, this
Shorter the time required to hardening after invention transplanting, 2 months or more, training tissue culture seedling average survival reached 95% or more,
Crop field survival rate is 97% or more.Compared with prior art, easy to operate, without using agriculture chemical, guaranteeing higher survive
In the case where rate, the hardening time shortens 30d~90d, effectively increases production efficiency.Bletilla group is carried out using the technology of the present invention
6 batches of seedlings can be harvested for 1 year using 2-3 plants/hole of group planting by training seedling hardening, and by 800 plants/m2,0.8 yuan/plant is calculated, every square meter
Annual value of production is 800 × 0.8 × 6=3840 member, and cost presses 0.4 yuan/plant, the 25 yuan/m such as land rent, management, matrix2/ year, every square meter
Year, cost was 0.4 × 800 × 6+25=1945 member, and every square meter year economic benefit is 3840-1945=1895 member, with other methods
(the hardening time is 3 months~5 months) can be improved 1.5~3 times compared to year economic benefit.
Finally, it is stated that preferred embodiment above is only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention rather than limits, although logical
It crosses above preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, however, those skilled in the art should understand that, can be
Various changes are made to it in form and in details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of efficient hardening technology of bletilla tissue-cultured seedling, which comprises the steps of:
(1) bottle seedling sunlight shed hardening: bletilla tissue-cultured seedling preliminarily forms pseudobulb and root after being transferred to Rooting and hardening-off culture 1 month
System, select the number of blade >=2 piece tissue-cultured seedling carry out bottle seedling sunlight shed hardening, by tissue-cultured seedling together with culture bottle move to greenhouse or
In greenhouse, and sunshade net is covered, so that light transmittance is 50%~70%, seal hardening 20d~40d, controls temperature 10 DEG C~30
℃；
(2) preparation of hardening seedbed and matrix: the plot of not ponding is selected, wide 1.2~1.5m, the seedbed of high 20cm, seedling are built
40~60cm of bed spacing；Bark residue is collected, after so that it is sufficiently rotted with plastic foil covering after sprinkling profoundly water, is broken by big fractionlet
The matrix smashed is layered on seedbed by matrix made of hybrid combining；
(3) tissue culture transplantation of seedlings: by the bottle seedling Jing Guo sunlight shed hardening, taking out tissue-cultured seedling with tweezers from culture bottle, it is put into 18~
In 20 DEG C of water, the culture medium being adhered on seedling is washed away, 5min is impregnated with 500 times of 50% carbendazim or 75% Bravo, is put into
In ready pallet, for use；The aperture that can accommodate root system is pricked out in matrix with the sharp bamboo chip of wide 2-3cm, planting depth is
The root system of tissue-cultured seedling is put into hole and is compacted, sprinkle profoundly water later apart from stromal surface 0.5cm by pseudobulb；
(4) it is managed after transplanting: building interim small arch shelter on hardening bed, covering one layer of light transmittance after overlay film again is 50%~70%
Sunshade net, transplant head 1 month, sprinkling irrigation in every 2~3 days is primary, reduces sprinkling irrigation number according to weather after 1 month, sprays within every 3~4 days
Fill primary, temperature controls between 10 DEG C~30 DEG C, and 70%~100%, Field planting the last fortnight stops spray for air humidity control
It fills, takes Small plastic shed off, carry out hardening.
2. a kind of efficient hardening technology of bletilla tissue-cultured seedling according to claim 1, wherein the bletilla transplanting medium
Be characterized in: in the preparation of step (2) hardening seedbed and matrix, matrix with a thickness of 12cm, mainly divide 2 layers of laying, diameter >
The tonkin elm bark fragment of 2cm is layered on the bottom, and thickness is no more than 8cm, and upper layer is laid with lesser diameter≤2cmd matrix debris, thickness
At least 4cm, during transplanting, the larger fragment of omission is laid on surface layer after having transplanted seedling.
3. a kind of efficient hardening technology of bletilla tissue-cultured seedling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (3) group
It trains in transplantation of seedlings tissue-cultured seedling, after sunlight shed hardening 20d~40d, pseudobulb >=3mm, the number of blade >=2 piece, plant height >=6cm, plant
The seedling of strain robust growth is just transplanted, and when transplanting avoids cold November to next year 2 months, selects the weather that wind is small, sunlight is weak
Or the period carries out.
4. a kind of efficient hardening technology of bletilla tissue-cultured seedling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: moved in step (4)
After managing bletilla transplanting after cultivation, when 30 DEG C of temperature >, the plastic foil that open Small plastic shed is ventilated, cooling.
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| CN107211676A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-29 | 黄山峰源生物科技有限公司 | The acclimation method of bletilla tissue culture seedlings |
| CN109574931A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-04-05 | 江苏三月光电科技有限公司 | A kind of compound of nitrogen-containing hetero heptatomic ring derivative, preparation method and its application on organic electroluminescence device |
| CN109574932A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-04-05 | 江苏三月光电科技有限公司 | It is a kind of using nitrogen-containing hetero heptatomic ring derivative as the compound of parent, preparation method and its application on organic electroluminescence device |
| CN108157098B (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2020-12-11 | 李福元 | Seedling hardening and transplanting method for tissue culture rooted seedlings of bletilla striata |
| CN108739184B (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2020-09-01 | 贵州省农作物品种资源研究所(贵州现代中药材研究所) | Domestication method for tissue culture seed stems of bletilla striata |
| CN109349077A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-02-19 | 河南云帮农业科技有限公司 | A kind of bletilla striata tissue-culture container seedling domestication transplantation method |
| CN110972825A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-10 | 阳山县三连阳生态农林开发有限公司 | Technology for cultivating Yangshan rhizoma bletillae field planted seedlings once |
| CN110972829A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-10 | 美尚生态景观股份有限公司 | Method for transplanting and hardening tissue culture seedlings of rabdosia nervosa |
| CN116671441A (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-09-01 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Efficient bletilla striata breeding method |
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