CN106613210A - Interplant high-yield cultivation method for Dioscorea opposita and spring loofah - Google Patents
Interplant high-yield cultivation method for Dioscorea opposita and spring loofah Download PDFInfo
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- CN106613210A CN106613210A CN201611167442.0A CN201611167442A CN106613210A CN 106613210 A CN106613210 A CN 106613210A CN 201611167442 A CN201611167442 A CN 201611167442A CN 106613210 A CN106613210 A CN 106613210A
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- sponge gourd
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- huaihe river
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- 235000009814 Luffa aegyptiaca Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 235000002722 Dioscorea batatas Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 240000001811 Dioscorea oppositifolia Species 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 235000003416 Dioscorea oppositifolia Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 244000280244 Luffa acutangula Species 0.000 title abstract 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- -1 potassium sulphate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000302544 Luffa aegyptiaca Species 0.000 claims description 95
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000221785 Erysiphales Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000233679 Peronosporaceae Species 0.000 claims description 8
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 206010059410 Faecaluria Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- IBSREHMXUMOFBB-JFUDTMANSA-N 5u8924t11h Chemical compound O1[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)C[C@H](O[C@@H]2C(=C/C[C@@H]3C[C@@H](C[C@@]4(O3)C=C[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(C)C)O4)OC(=O)[C@@H]3C=C(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]4OC\C([C@@]34O)=C/C=C/[C@@H]2C)/C)O[C@H]1C.C1=C[C@H](C)[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)O[C@]11O[C@H](C\C=C(C)\[C@@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O[C@@H]3O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C3)[C@@H](OC)C2)[C@@H](C)\C=C\C=C/2[C@]3([C@H](C(=O)O4)C=C(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3OC\2)O)C[C@H]4C1 IBSREHMXUMOFBB-JFUDTMANSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010003694 Atrophy Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005906 Imidacloprid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001237160 Kallima inachus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005802 Mancozeb Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005807 Metalaxyl Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005820 Prochloraz Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005822 Propiconazole Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000918585 Pythium aphanidermatum Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000985245 Spodoptera litura Species 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005842 Thiophanate-methyl Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000018137 Trialeurodes vaporariorum Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000254234 Xyeloidea Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 229950008167 abamectin Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011717 all-trans-retinol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019169 all-trans-retinol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000037444 atrophy Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZXQYGBMAQZUVMI-UNOMPAQXSA-N cyhalothrin Chemical compound CC1(C)C(\C=C(/Cl)C(F)(F)F)C1C(=O)OC(C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 ZXQYGBMAQZUVMI-UNOMPAQXSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002483 decamethrin Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- OWZREIFADZCYQD-NSHGMRRFSA-N deltamethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@@H](C=C(Br)Br)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@H](C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 OWZREIFADZCYQD-NSHGMRRFSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940056881 imidacloprid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidacloprid Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\N=C1/NCCN1CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- WJZHMLNIAZSFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese zinc Chemical compound [Mn].[Zn] WJZHMLNIAZSFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZQEIXNIJLIKNTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)alaninate Chemical compound COCC(=O)N(C(C)C(=O)OC)C1=C(C)C=CC=C1C ZQEIXNIJLIKNTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000007918 pathogenicity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- ATROHALUCMTWTB-OWBHPGMISA-N phoxim Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)O\N=C(\C#N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ATROHALUCMTWTB-OWBHPGMISA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229950001664 phoxim Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- TVLSRXXIMLFWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N prochloraz Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N(CCC)CCOC1=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=C1Cl TVLSRXXIMLFWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- STJLVHWMYQXCPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propiconazole Chemical compound O1C(CCC)COC1(C=1C(=CC(Cl)=CC=1)Cl)CN1N=CN=C1 STJLVHWMYQXCPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical group COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;magnesium;phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 claims 1
- 101100230509 Neurospora crassa (strain ATCC 24698 / 74-OR23-1A / CBS 708.71 / DSM 1257 / FGSC 987) hat-1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001120 potassium sulphate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 3
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000003797 alkaloid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000006536 Dioscorea esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 206010061217 Infestation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930182478 glucoside Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000008131 glucosides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000234272 Dioscoreaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009336 multiple cropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000017709 saponins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an interplant high-yield cultivation method for Dioscorea opposita and spring loofah. The interplant high-yield cultivation method for the Dioscorea opposita and the spring loofah comprises the following steps: step A: selecting and preparing land and applying base fertilizer: selecting the land of loam or sandy loam of which the soil layer is deep and thick, the soil texture is loosen without accumulated water and the irrigation and drainage are good; turning the land and drying the soil before the fix-planting, raking, and digging planting channels; step B: uniformly mixing the mature farmyard manure with the dug soil, backfilling the channels, building high ridges above the planting channels, applying a potassium sulphate compound fertilizer as the base fertilizer by combining the soil preparation, uniformly mixing with the soil, and leveling the ridge face; step C: growing the seedlings of the loofah and the Dioscorea opposita; step D: fix-planting the loofah and the Dioscorea opposita; step E: managing the field of the loofah and the Dioscorea opposita; step F: preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests; step G: harvesting the loofah and the Dioscorea opposita. The interplant high-yield cultivation method for the Dioscorea opposita and spring loofah is capable of improving the utilization rate of the land, reducing the disease and insect rate, and improving the production value and economic benefit of the crop unit area.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, more particularly to the Interplant high-yielding cultivation method of a kind of Huai Shan and spring sponge gourd.
Background technology
Huai Shan, also known as Chinese yam, yam family is annual or herbaceous perennial vine plant for category, nutritious, suits the taste of both old and young, often
Eat can tonifying spleen nourishing the stomach, engender liquid and benefic lung, the puckery essence of kidney tonifying promotes longevity.Sponge gourd climbs up by holding on to liana for Curcurbitaceae is annual, is also
The summer vegetable that people like.Guangxi abounds with Huai Shan and sponge gourd, and planting Chinese yam and sponge gourd have become the important hand of increasing peasant income
One of section.
In Guangxi, Huai Shan annual cultivation being made, due to Huaihe River mountain Planting Row Distance width, early growth is slower, August part or so stem more
It is climing to seal row.Therefore, between first arrival July in year, Huai Shan plantation plot is in half naked state, easily raw weeds, easily by rain drop erosion
Soil erosion is caused, and during this is exactly the field planting time of spring sponge gourd；Additionally, at present peasant household mostly using deep-cut ditch or
Vertical udp hole punching plantation, needs 1.2 meters or so depth of excavation to take out Huai Shan during harvesting, high labor intensive, therefore, it is
Reduce labor intensity, peasant household even all selects to be sowed where First Year ditching on the 3rd year in Second Year, to excavate, this
It is easy for causing continuous cropping obstacle so that soil-borne disease increases, yield reduction, and sponge gourd tendril and its bleeding sap contain various soaps
Some fungies and soil-borne disease are had good suppression and prevention effect, the silk after results by glucoside and alkaloid component
Melon vine is climing to be covered in Huai Shan plantation furrow faces, not only improves alleviation continuous cropping obstacle, is mitigated disease and is occurred, and Huaihe River mountain region can be improved again
Ecological environment, reduces soil water evaporation and Weed infestation.Therefore, spring sponge gourd is interplanted in Huaihe River mountain region, had both improved land utilization ratio,
Mitigate disease to occur, the output value and economic benefit of crop unit area is increased again.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Huai Shan and the Interplant high-yielding cultivation method of spring sponge gourd, solve Huai Shan and spring sponge gourd
The method of soil preparation of interplanting, plantation specification, fertilizing method, field moisturizing and the problems such as prevent the method for weed growth.
The Interplant high-yielding cultivation method of a kind of Huai Shan and spring sponge gourd, including following step：
Step A:Selection of land site preparation and basal dressing:Select that soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, without ponding, the good loam of irrigation and drainage or husky earth
The plot of soil;Ground is turned over into plough before field planting and shines soil, then by ground harrow broken, excavate plantation ditch;
Step B:Well-rotted farmyard manure and the soil being excavated are mixed thoroughly, is backfilled in ditch, and the high ridge in directly over plantation ditch,
Compound potassium sulfate fertilizer is applied with reference to site preparation and make base manure, and stirred with soil, flatten furrow face；
Step C:Sponge gourd and the nursery of Huaihe River mountain;
Step D:Sponge gourd and Huaihe River mountain seedling are colonized;
Step E:Sponge gourd and the field management of Huaihe River mountain；
Step F:The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
Step G:Harvest sponge gourd and Huai Shan.
In Guangxi, Huai Shan annual cultivation being made, due to Huaihe River mountain Planting Row Distance width, early growth is slower, August part or so stem more
It is climing to seal row.Therefore, between first arrival July in year, Huai Shan plantation plot is in half naked state, easily raw weeds, easily by rain drop erosion
Soil erosion is caused, and during this is exactly the field planting time of spring sponge gourd；Additionally, at present peasant household mostly using deep-cut ditch or
Vertical udp hole punching plantation, needs 1.2 meters or so depth of excavation to take out Huai Shan during harvesting, high labor intensive, therefore, it is
Reduce labor intensity, peasant household even all selects to be sowed where First Year ditching on the 3rd year in Second Year, to excavate, this
It is easy for causing continuous cropping obstacle so that soil-borne disease increases, yield reduction, and sponge gourd tendril and its bleeding sap contain various soaps
Some fungies and soil-borne disease are had good suppression and prevention effect, the silk after results by glucoside and alkaloid component
Melon vine is climing to be covered in Huai Shan plantation furrow faces, not only improves alleviation continuous cropping obstacle, is mitigated disease and is occurred, and Huaihe River mountain region can be improved again
Ecological environment, reduces soil water evaporation and Weed infestation.Therefore, spring sponge gourd is interplanted in Huaihe River mountain region, had both improved land utilization ratio,
Mitigate disease to occur, the output value and economic benefit of crop unit area is increased again.
Preferably, in step B, in the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of base manure, N：P：K mass ratioes are 15:15:15, per mu is adopted
With 2000 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manures and 50 kilograms of base manure.
Preferably, in step C, Huai Shan selects Guihuai No.2；Sponge gourd selects imperial crown 1.Sponge gourd is at the beginning of 2 months in protection
Ground nursery, is colonized at the beginning of 3 months, and early April is to harvesting by the end of May；The early April nursery of Huaihe River mountain, sowing mid-May, 2 months December to next year
Harvesting.
Preferably, in step D, sponge gourd method for culturing seedlings is comprised the following steps：In protecting field using nutrition cup or seed plate
Nursery;First it is cooled to after normal temperature and is continued to soak with water seed soaking sterilization during vernalization, then clean seed, drained away the water, with totally
Moistening cotton is wrapped, and is placed in vernalization under 28～32 DEG C of constant temperature；After planting seedling stage keep ground moistening, temperature keep daytime 22 DEG C～
28 DEG C, night is kept for 15 DEG C～20 DEG C.Seedling stage attention control samping off, damping-off etc..The leaf of seedling two wholeheartedly when be colonized, before field planting
1 to 2 week carried out hardening.
Preferably, seedling raise period is 2 months, and warm water is that 55 DEG C of water seed soakings are sterilized 10 minutes during vernalization, after being cooled to normal temperature
Continue to soak 5 hours, sow by seed has 50% " showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally ".
Show money or valuables one carries unintentionally " be to refer exclusively to germination to emit mouth, that is, expose the meaning of white point.
Preferably, in step D, Huaihe River mountain nursery：
The upper end stem tuber stripping and slicing with more terminal bud for selecting health is planted, and is cut into potato wedges, and with being mixed with the plant ash of bactericide
Dip in viscous tangent plane.Then bask seeds 2-3 days, make tangent plane dry and comfortable and atrophy slightly inwardly.Potato seed is uniformly layered on seedbed during vernalization
Or in the furrow face evened out, then lid a layer thickness is 2-3 centimetre of fine earth, can be emerged within 25-40 days or so；The Huaihe River mountain nursery April
The first tenday period of a month are carried out；The volume ratio for being mixed with bactericide and plant ash in the plant ash of bactericide is 1:100.
Preferably, sponge gourd resident time is at the beginning of 3 months in step D；1 row is planted per furrow, 40 centimetres of spacing in the rows is drenched after field planting
Root water, while adding a cover Small plastic shed insulation；Huaihe River mountain resident time be mid-May, when sprouting exposes 0.5-1 centimetre by enter
OK；Furrow face during field planting between two plants of sponge gourds digs a deep ditch of 15 centimetres with spud, and seed sprouting is put upwards,
Covered with fine earth again.
Preferably, step E includes：
Sponge gourd is managed：1. ground moistening is kept after being colonized, canopy intensification is closed, is gradually divulged information after slow seedling.Slow seedling one week after or so starts
Liquid manure is imposed, employment domestic animals manure pouring root into after picking time, is often harvested 2-3 time and topdressed 1 time；2 sponge gourd seedling length are to 40 centimetres
When start using " man-like shelf " built, tie up climing, be advisable；Bottom sponge gourd last time harvesting in 3.5 months is finished, and vines is pulled out in time and is cut
0.5 meter to 0.6 meter length is cut into, and vines uniform fold in furrow face；" man-like shelf " then continues to leave Huai Shan climbings for；
Huai Shan is managed：1. growing early stage will keep ground moistening, with reference to watering, can impose the dung polluted water of urea liquid or dilution
Urine, carries out thinning when seedling length is to 30 centimetres, and per plant is only stayed the healthy and strong main stem of 1-2 bars, when main stem length is to 50 cm
Vines are drawn to " man-like shelf " and is allowed to along shelf climb；2 per mu of peaks of growing season, imposed composite fertilizer and urea, worked as plant strain growth
When crossing prosperous, with regard to suitably carrying out Plant adjustment, main stem and branch are pinched, and clean out dead leaf, sick branch, this period is on the occasion of height
Temperature rainy season, attention control disease.3 tuber expansion periods need to apply attacks potato fertilizer, imposes composite fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate and potassium sulfate,
Meanwhile, extract unnecessary bulbil, it is to avoid waste nutrient；The middle and later periods is expanded into stem tuber and meet autumn drought often, it should be noted that irrigate, protect
Ground moistening, loose is held, promoted stem tuber elongation, expanded, improve yield.
Preferably, step F includes：
The sponge gourd prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
1. sponge gourd disease
The common disease of sponge gourd has downy mildew, powdery mildew, droop；The downy mildew Mancozeb wettable powder of mass concentration 70%
500 times of liquid spraying preventing and treatings of 500 times of agent or 58% metalaxyl manganese-zinc wettable powder of mass concentration；The powdery mildew % of mass concentration 50
The 1000 times of liquid spraying preventing and treatings of 800 times of liquid of sulphur suspending agent or 15 % triadimefons wettable powder of mass concentration；Droop can use
1000 times of thiophanate methyl wettable powder pouring roots of mass concentration 70%, while 800 times of iprodiones of mass concentration 50% of foliage-spray
Wettable powder is prevented and treated；
2. sponge gourd insect pest
The common insect pest of sponge gourd has aphid, trialeurodes vaporariorum, pathogenicity test etc., the imidacloprid wettable powder 4500 of available quality concentration 10%
Times liquid, mass concentration 2.5% efficient cyhalothrin emulsifiable concentrate, 1500 times of liquid, mass concentration 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 3000 times of liquid
Alternating spray is prevented and treated；
The Huaihe River mountain prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
1. Huaihe River mountain disease
The common Huaihe River mountain disease in Guangxi has anthracnose and leaf spot.The zineb wettable of available quality concentration 80% when field is fallen ill
500 times of pulvis, mass concentration 45% Prochloraz wettable powder, 1000 times of alternating sprays prevent and treat anthracnose；With mass concentration 75,%00
800 times of the clear wettable powder of bacterium, the propiconazole 2000 of mass concentration 50% prevent and treat again leaf spot；
2. Huaihe River mountain insect pest
In Guangxi, the common insect pest in Huaihe River mountain has sawfly and prodenia litura.It was found that the phoxim of available quality concentration 50% breast during insect
Oily 1500 times of liquid, mass concentration 2.5% cream of decamethrin, 3000 times of liquid, the emamection benaoates of mass concentration 2%
The preventing and treating of the alternating sprays such as 2500 times of liquid.
Preferably, step F includes：
（1）Sponge gourd is harvested
The sponge gourd maturity period is different, need to harvest in batches, harvest time be April first arrival by the end of May, last time is pulled out simultaneously melon is climing after harvesting
Segment is covered in furrow face；
（2）Huai Shan is harvested
Being arranged between 2 months December to coming year is carried out, and fair weather is selected during harvesting, is dug out Huaihe River sweet potato bar with spades, on ground
Head dry to crust it is dry and comfortable after can vanning list.
The present invention interplants spring sponge gourd in Huaihe River mountain region, has both improved land utilization ratio, mitigates disease and occurs, and crop unit is increased again
The output value and economic benefit of area.
Specific embodiment
The preferably embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below：
Embodiment 1
1st, selection of land site preparation and basal dressing
Selection soil layer is deep, and the soil is porous, without ponding, the plot of the good loam of irrigation and drainage or sandy loam.Sponge gourd field planting is first 1 month
Ground is turned over into plough and shines soil, harrowed 1-2 time again after two weeks, by ground harrow broken, then by 1 meter of line-spacing with Huaihe River mountain ditching machine excavate 1.2 meters deeply,
Wide 0.2 meter of plantation ditch, is then mixed thoroughly with 2000 kilograms per mu of well-rotted farmyard manure and the soil being excavated, and is backfilled into ditch
It is interior, and a high ridge directly over ditch is planted, furrow face is wide 0.7 meter, 0.3 meter of furrow width.Compound potassium sulfate fertilizer is applied with reference to site preparation（N-P-K=
15:15:15（Mass ratio）, similarly hereinafter）50 kilograms are made base manure, and are stirred with soil, flatten furrow face.
2nd, Fruit variety
Huai Shan selects Guihuai No.2；
Sponge gourd selects imperial crown 1.
3rd, crops for rotation arrangement
Sponge gourd, in protecting field nursery, was colonized at the beginning of 2 months at the beginning of 3 months, and early April is to harvesting by the end of May；The early April nursery of Huaihe River mountain, May
The middle ten days is sowed, the harvesting of 2 months December to next year.
4th, nursery
（1）Sponge gourd nursery
In protecting field using nutrition cup or seeding tray seedling culture at the beginning of 2 months.First sterilized 10 minutes with 55 DEG C of water seed soakings during vernalization, be cooled to
Continue to soak 5 hours after normal temperature, then clean seed, drain away the water, wrapped with clean moistening cotton, be placed in 28～32 DEG C of constant temperature
Lower vernalization.Sow by seed has 50% " showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally ".Seedling stage keeps ground moistening, temperature to be kept for 22 DEG C～28 DEG C daytime, night
Kept for 15 DEG C～20 DEG C.Seedling stage attention control samping off, damping-off etc..The leaf of seedling two wholeheartedly when be colonized, field planting refined within first 1 week
Seedling.
（2）The nursery of Huaihe River mountain
Typically carry out in early April.Select the upper end stem tuber stripping and slicing with more terminal bud of health（Head containing potato）Plant, be cut into length
5 centimetres, 100 grams or so of potato wedges is weighed, and with being mixed with the plant ash of the bactericide such as carbendazim（Bactericide：Plant ash volume ratio is
1:100）Dip in viscous tangent plane.Then bask seeds 2-3 days, make tangent plane dry and comfortable and atrophy slightly inwardly.Potato seed is uniformly spread during vernalization
On seedbed or the furrow face evened out, then lid a layer thickness is 2-3 centimetre of fine earth, and it is can to add a cover one layer of straw or ground that temperature is relatively low
Film, can emerge successively for general 25-40 days or so.
5th, it is colonized
（1）Sponge gourd is colonized
Can field planting at the beginning of 3 months.1 row is planted per furrow, 40 centimetres of spacing in the rows drenches root water after field planting, while adding a cover Small plastic shed insulation.
（2）Huai Shan is colonized
Huaihe River mountain resident time be mid-May, when sprouting exposes 0.5-1 centimetre by carry out.During field planting between two plants of sponge gourds
Furrow face dig a deep ditch of 15 centimetres with spud, seed sprouting is put upwards, then covered with fine earth.
6th, field management
（1）Sponge gourd is managed
1. seedling management
Ground moistening is kept after field planting, canopy intensification is closed, is gradually divulged information after slow seedling.
2. rich water quality management
Slow seedling one week after or so starts to impose 1-2 liquid manure, with 1000 times of urea liquids or people and animals' fecaluria pouring root of dilution, with
Promote root of hair and growth of seedling.The plant weaker to growing way, can drench the compound rich water for applying mass concentration 0.3-0.5% with reference to watering
Solution 1-2 time.Into after picking time, often harvest 2-3 time and topdress 1 time, per mu public with 20 kilograms of composite fertilizer, potassium sulfate 10 every time
Jin.Topdressing can be with reference to cultivation and banking while carrying out.
3. built is tied up climing
Start built when sponge gourd seedling length is to 40 centimetres, tie up climing.Typically it is advisable with " man-like shelf ".
④Qing gardens cover
Sponge gourd last time harvesting by the end of May is finished, and vines are pulled out in time and 0.5 meter or so length is cut into, to draw bleeding sap,
And vines uniform fold in furrow face." man-like shelf " then continues to leave Huai Shan climbings for.
（2）Huai Shan is managed
1. early stage is grown
This period will keep ground moistening, with reference to watering, can impose 600 times of urea liquid or people and animals' fecaluria 1-2 time of dilution,
Promote growth of seedling.Thinning is carried out when seedling length is to 30 cm, per plant is only stayed the healthy and strong main stem of 1-2 bars.Treat that main stem is long
It is allowed to along shelf climb to vines are drawn to " man-like shelf " during 50 cm.
2. peak of growing season
This period Huaihe River mountain nutrient growth is vigorous, and fertilizer requirement is big, and per mu imposes 20 kilograms of composite fertilizer, 10 kilograms of urea.When plant life
When growing prosperous, with regard to suitably carrying out Plant adjustment, main stem and branch are pinched, and clean out dead leaf, sick branch.This period on the occasion of
The diseases such as high temperature and rainy season, attention control anthracnose.
3. tuber expansion period
Tuber expansion period is the critical period for determining Huaihe River mountain products amount, and needs are applied and attack potato fertilizer, and per mu imposes 20 kilograms of composite fertilizer, calcium and magnesium
30 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 15 kilograms of potassium sulfate.Meanwhile, extract unnecessary bulbil, it is to avoid waste nutrient.The middle and later periods is expanded into stem tuber
Often meet autumn drought, it should be noted that irrigate, keep ground moistening, loose, promote stem tuber elongation, expand, improve yield.
7th, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
（1）The sponge gourd prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
1. sponge gourd disease
The common disease of sponge gourd has downy mildew, powdery mildew, droop etc..Downy mildew available quality 70% Mancozeb of concentration is wettable
Property the 500 times of liquid spraying preventing and treating of 500 times of pulvis or 58% metalaxyl manganese-zinc wettable powder of mass concentration；Powdery mildew mass concentration
The 1000 times of liquid spraying preventing and treatings of 50 800 times of liquid of % sulphur suspending agent or 15 % triadimefons wettable powder of mass concentration；Droop can
With 1000 times of thiophanate methyl wettable powder pouring roots of mass concentration 70%, while 800 times of mass concentrations of foliage-spray 50% flutter sea
Because wettable powder is prevented and treated.
2. sponge gourd insect pest
The common insect pest of sponge gourd has aphid, trialeurodes vaporariorum, pathogenicity test etc., the imidacloprid wettable powder 4500 of available quality concentration 10%
Times liquid, mass concentration 2.5% efficient cyhalothrin emulsifiable concentrate, 1500 times of liquid, mass concentration 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 3000 times of liquid
Alternating spray is prevented and treated.
（2）The Huaihe River mountain prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
1. Huaihe River mountain disease
The common Huaihe River mountain disease in Guangxi has anthracnose and leaf spot.Field can be with 80% Zineb wettable powder 500 when falling ill
Again, mass concentration 45% Prochloraz wettable powder, 1000 times of alternating sprays prevent and treat anthracnose；With 75% Bravo wettable powder
800 times, 50% propiconazole 2000 prevent and treat leaf spot again.
2. Huaihe River mountain insect pest
In Guangxi, the common insect pest in Huaihe River mountain has sawfly and prodenia litura.It was found that the phoxim of available quality concentration 50% breast during insect
Oily 1500 times of liquid, mass concentration 2.5% cream of decamethrin, 3000 times of liquid, the emamection benaoates of mass concentration 2%
The preventing and treating of the alternating sprays such as 2500 times of liquid.
8th, harvest
（1）Sponge gourd is harvested
The sponge gourd maturity period is different, need to harvest in batches, harvest time be April first arrival by the end of May, as far as possible morning harvesting is keeping fresh.Most
Pull out and segment is covered in furrow face melon is climing after once harvesting afterwards.Per mu can receive 2200 kilograms or so of fresh sponge gourd.
（2）Huai Shan is harvested
Huaihe River mountain picking time is longer, and can be arranged between 2 months December to coming year according to market situation is carried out.Sunny day is selected during harvesting
Gas, is dug out Huaihe River sweet potato bar with spades, the edge of a field dry to crust it is dry and comfortable after by vanning listing.It is noted that light take light during harvesting
Put, it is to avoid mechanical damage.Per mu can receive 2000 kilograms or so of Huaihe River mountain fresh sweet potato.
Embodiment 2
1st, selection of land site preparation and basal dressing
Selection soil layer is deep, and the soil is porous, without ponding, the plot of the good loam of irrigation and drainage or sandy loam.Sponge gourd field planting is first 1 month
Ground is turned over into plough and shines soil, harrowed 1-2 time again after two weeks, by ground harrow broken, then by 1 meter of line-spacing with Huaihe River mountain ditching machine excavate 1.2 meters deeply,
Wide 0.2 meter of plantation ditch, is then mixed thoroughly with 2000 kilograms per mu of well-rotted farmyard manure and the soil being excavated, and is backfilled into ditch
It is interior, and a high ridge directly over ditch is planted, furrow face is wide 0.7 meter, 0.3 meter of furrow width.Compound potassium sulfate fertilizer is applied with reference to site preparation（N-P-K=
15:15:15（Mass ratio）, similarly hereinafter）50 kilograms are made base manure, and are stirred with soil, flatten furrow face.
2nd, Fruit variety
Huai Shan selects that Huaihe River 1；
Sponge gourd selects imperial crown 3.
3rd, crops for rotation arrangement
Sponge gourd, in protecting field nursery, was colonized at the beginning of 2 months at the beginning of 3 months, and early April is to harvesting by the end of May；The early April nursery of Huaihe River mountain, May
The middle ten days is sowed, the harvesting of 2 months December to next year.
4th, nursery
（1）Sponge gourd nursery
In protecting field using nutrition cup or seeding tray seedling culture at the beginning of 2 months.First sterilized 10 minutes with 55 DEG C of water seed soakings during vernalization, be cooled to
Continue to soak 5 hours after normal temperature, then clean seed, drain away the water, wrapped with clean moistening cotton, be placed in 28～32 DEG C of constant temperature
Lower vernalization.Sow by seed has 50% " showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally ".Seedling stage keeps ground moistening, temperature to be kept for 22 DEG C～28 DEG C daytime, night
Kept for 15 DEG C～20 DEG C.Seedling stage attention control samping off, damping-off etc..The leaf of seedling two wholeheartedly when be colonized, field planting refined within first 1 week
Seedling.
（2）The nursery of Huaihe River mountain
Typically carry out in early April.Select the upper end stem tuber stripping and slicing with more terminal bud of health（Head containing potato）Plant, be cut into length
5 centimetres, 100 grams or so of potato wedges is weighed, and with being mixed with the plant ash of the bactericide such as carbendazim（Bactericide：Plant ash=1:100（Body
Product ratio））Dip in viscous tangent plane.Then bask seeds 2-3 days, make tangent plane dry and comfortable and atrophy slightly inwardly.Potato seed is uniformly spread during vernalization
On seedbed or the furrow face evened out, then lid a layer thickness is 2-3 centimetre of fine earth, and it is can to add a cover one layer of straw or ground that temperature is relatively low
Film, can emerge successively for general 25-40 days or so.
5th, it is colonized
（1）Sponge gourd is colonized
Can field planting at the beginning of 3 months.1 row is planted per furrow, 40 centimetres of spacing in the rows drenches root water after field planting, while adding a cover Small plastic shed insulation.
（2）Huai Shan is colonized
Huaihe River mountain resident time be mid-May, when sprouting exposes 0.5-1 centimetre by carry out.During field planting between two plants of sponge gourds
Furrow face dig a deep ditch of 15 centimetres with spud, seed sprouting is put upwards, then covered with fine earth.
6th, field management
（1）Sponge gourd is managed
1. seedling management
Ground moistening is kept after field planting, canopy intensification is closed, is gradually divulged information after slow seedling.
2. rich water quality management
Slow seedling one week after or so starts to impose 1-2 liquid manure, with 1000 times of urea liquids or people and animals' fecaluria pouring root of dilution, with
Promote root of hair and growth of seedling.The plant weaker to growing way, can drench the compound rich water for applying mass concentration 0.3-0.5% with reference to watering
Solution 1-2 time.Into after picking time, often harvest 2-3 time and topdress 1 time, per mu public with 20 kilograms of composite fertilizer, potassium sulfate 10 every time
Jin.Topdressing can be with reference to cultivation and banking while carrying out.
3. built is tied up climing
Start built when sponge gourd seedling length is to 40 centimetres, tie up climing.Typically it is advisable with " man-like shelf ".
④Qing gardens cover
Sponge gourd last time harvesting by the end of May is finished, and vines are pulled out in time and 0.5 meter or so length is cut into, to draw bleeding sap,
And vines uniform fold in furrow face." man-like shelf " then continues to leave Huai Shan climbings for.
（2）Huai Shan is managed
1. early stage is grown
This period will keep ground moistening, with reference to watering, can impose 600 times of urea liquid or people and animals' fecaluria 1-2 time of dilution,
Promote growth of seedling.Thinning is carried out when seedling length is to 30 cm, per plant is only stayed the healthy and strong main stem of 1-2 bars.Treat that main stem is long
It is allowed to along shelf climb to vines are drawn to " man-like shelf " during 50 cm.
2. peak of growing season
This period Huaihe River mountain nutrient growth is vigorous, and fertilizer requirement is big, and per mu imposes 20 kilograms of composite fertilizer, 10 kilograms of urea.When plant life
When growing prosperous, with regard to suitably carrying out Plant adjustment, main stem and branch are pinched, and clean out dead leaf, sick branch.This period on the occasion of
The diseases such as high temperature and rainy season, attention control anthracnose.
3. tuber expansion period
Tuber expansion period is the critical period for determining Huaihe River mountain products amount, and needs are applied and attack potato fertilizer, and per mu imposes 20 kilograms of composite fertilizer, calcium and magnesium
30 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 15 kilograms of potassium sulfate.Meanwhile, extract unnecessary bulbil, it is to avoid waste nutrient.The middle and later periods is expanded into stem tuber
Often meet autumn drought, it should be noted that irrigate, keep ground moistening, loose, promote stem tuber elongation, expand, improve yield.
7th, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
（1）The sponge gourd prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
1. sponge gourd disease
The common disease of sponge gourd has downy mildew, powdery mildew, droop etc..Downy mildew available quality 70% Mancozeb of concentration is wettable
Property the 500 times of liquid spraying preventing and treating of 500 times of pulvis or 58% metalaxyl manganese-zinc wettable powder of mass concentration；Powdery mildew mass concentration
The 1000 times of liquid spraying preventing and treatings of 50 800 times of liquid of % sulphur suspending agent or 15 % triadimefons wettable powder of mass concentration；Droop can
With 1000 times of thiophanate methyl wettable powder pouring roots of mass concentration 70%, while 800 times of mass concentrations of foliage-spray 50% flutter sea
Because wettable powder is prevented and treated.
2. sponge gourd insect pest
The common insect pest of sponge gourd has aphid, trialeurodes vaporariorum, pathogenicity test etc., can be with 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 4500 times of liquid, quality
Concentration 2.5% efficient cyhalothrin emulsifiable concentrate, 1500 times of liquid, 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate of mass concentration, 3000 times of liquid alternating sprays are prevented
Control.
（2）The Huaihe River mountain prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
1. Huaihe River mountain disease
The common Huaihe River mountain disease in Guangxi has anthracnose and leaf spot.The zineb wettable of available quality concentration 80% when field is fallen ill
500 times of pulvis, mass concentration 45% Prochloraz wettable powder, 1000 times of alternating sprays prevent and treat anthracnose；With mass concentration 75,%00
800 times of the clear wettable powder of bacterium, the propiconazole 2000 of mass concentration 50% prevent and treat again leaf spot.
2. Huaihe River mountain insect pest
In Guangxi, the common insect pest in Huaihe River mountain has sawfly and prodenia litura.It was found that the phoxim of available quality concentration 50% breast during insect
Oily 1500 times of liquid, mass concentration 2.5% cream of decamethrin, 3000 times of liquid, the emamection benaoates of mass concentration 2%
2500 times of liquid alternating spray preventing and treatings.
8th, harvest
（1）Sponge gourd is harvested
The sponge gourd maturity period is different, need to harvest in batches, harvest time be April first arrival by the end of May, as far as possible morning harvesting is keeping fresh.Most
Pull out and segment is covered in furrow face melon is climing after once harvesting afterwards.Per mu can receive 2500 kilograms or so of fresh sponge gourd.
（2）Huai Shan is harvested
Huaihe River mountain picking time is longer, and can be arranged between 2 months December to coming year according to market situation is carried out.Sunny day is selected during harvesting
Gas, is dug out Huaihe River sweet potato bar with spades, the edge of a field dry to crust it is dry and comfortable after by vanning listing.It is noted that light take light during harvesting
Put, it is to avoid mechanical damage.Per mu can receive 2200 kilograms or so of Huaihe River mountain fresh sweet potato.
It can be seen from embodiment：
1st, soil multiple crop index is improved, increases unit area crop yield and increase economic efficiency
The plantation specification of Huai Shan of the present invention is purebred identical with conventional, has interplanted the Huaihe River mountain products amount and purebred Huaihe River mountain volume variance of sponge gourd
Not significantly, 2000 kilograms or so of average yield per mu.Huai Shan interplants spring sponge gourd, and sponge gourd yield is 2500 kilograms, in recent years average market
Valency 1.8-2.0 units/kilogram, per mu yield value is up to 4500～5000 yuan/mu.Therefore, Huai Shan interplantings spring sponge gourd, effectively improves soil multiple cropping
Index, increases unit area crop yield, improves economic benefit.
2nd, alleviate continuous cropping obstacle, mitigate disease and occur
Using the Huai Shan for deep-cutting the plantation of ditch technology, 1.2 meters or so depth of excavation are needed to take out Huai Shan during harvesting, work is strong
Degree is big, therefore, in order to reduce labor intensity, peasant household is under Second Year is even all selected where First Year ditching on the 3rd year
Kind, to excavate, this is easy for causing continuous cropping obstacle so that soil-borne disease increases, yield reduction, and sponge gourd tendril and its wound
Flow liquid contains various saponins and alkaloid component, has good suppression and preventing and treating effect to some fungies and soil-borne disease
Really, the sponge gourd tendril segment after results is covered in Huai Shan plantation furrow faces, is conducive to alleviating continuous cropping obstacle, mitigated disease and send out
It is raw.
2nd, it is cost-effective
（1）Huaihe River mountain is purebred due to continuous cropping reason, and spray 4 times are needed in a general breeding time, and Huai Shan interplants sponge gourd, then only need
Spray 2 times, reduce spray 2 times, counted as 150 yuan with per mu of medicament and labour cost that every time spray needs, per mu can save into
This 300 yuan.
（2）Sponge gourd growth is fast, can seal row within more than 20 days after field planting, effectively prevents weeds in field to grow, and saves herbicide
Cost and labor cost, after sponge gourd is harvested, can also cover Huaihe River mountain furrow face, both moisture-retention soil using cauline leaf, and effectively anti-
Weed growth is controlled, herbicide cost and labor cost is saved.
Compared with the purebred weeding cost in Huaihe River mountain, Huai Shan interplanting spring sponge gourd cropping pattern mus are cost-effective 420 yuan, such as the institute of table 1
Show.
The weeding cost of the different land use patterns of table 1 compares
Above content is to combine specific preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, it is impossible to assert this
It is bright to be embodied as being confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, do not taking off
On the premise of present inventive concept, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, should all be considered as belonging to the protection of the present invention
Scope.
Claims (10)
1. the Interplant high-yielding cultivation method of a kind of Huai Shan and spring sponge gourd, it is characterised in that including following step：
Step A:Selection of land site preparation and basal dressing:Select that soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, without ponding, the good loam of irrigation and drainage or husky earth
The plot of soil;Ground is turned over into plough before field planting and shines soil, then by ground harrow broken, excavate plantation ditch;
Step B:Well-rotted farmyard manure and the soil being excavated are mixed thoroughly, is backfilled in ditch, and the height in directly over plantation ditch
Furrow, apply compound potassium sulfate fertilizer and make base manure with reference to site preparation, and stir with soil, flatten furrow face；
Step C:Sponge gourd and the nursery of Huaihe River mountain；
Step D:Sponge gourd and Huaihe River mountain seedling are colonized;
Step E:Sponge gourd and the field management of Huaihe River mountain；
Step F:The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
Step G:Harvest sponge gourd and Huai Shan.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that in step B, in the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of base manure, N：P：K
Mass ratio is 15:15:15.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that in step C, Huai Shan selects Guihuai No.2；Sponge gourd selects emperor
Hat 1;Sponge gourd, in protecting field nursery, was colonized at the beginning of 2 months at the beginning of 3 months, and early April is to harvesting by the end of May；The early April nursery of Huaihe River mountain, 5
The middle of the month is sowed, the harvesting of 2 months December to next year.
4. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that in step D, sponge gourd method for culturing seedlings is comprised the following steps：
In protecting field using nutrition cup or seeding tray seedling culture;First it is cooled to after normal temperature and continues to soak, then with water seed soaking sterilization during vernalization
Clean seed, drains away the water, and is wrapped with clean moistening cotton, is placed in vernalization under 28～32 DEG C of constant temperature；After planting seedling stage holding soil
Earth is moistened, and temperature is kept for 22 DEG C～28 DEG C daytime, and night is kept for 15 DEG C～20 DEG C；Seedling stage attention control samping off, damping-off；Children
The leaf of seedling two wholeheartedly when be colonized, being colonized carries out hardening in front 1 to 2 week.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that seedling raise period is 2 months, warm water is 55 DEG C of water seed soakings during vernalization
Sterilization 10 minutes, is cooled to after normal temperature and continues to soak 5 hours, sows by seed has 50% " showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally ".
6. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that in step D, Huaihe River mountain nursery：Select the band of health
The upper end stem tuber stripping and slicing for having more terminal bud is planted, and is cut into potato wedges, and dips in viscous tangent plane with the plant ash for being mixed with bactericide；Then bask seeds
2-3 days, make tangent plane dry and comfortable and atrophy slightly inwardly；In the furrow face for during vernalization potato seed being uniformly layered on seedbed or being evened out, then
Lid a layer thickness is 2-3 centimetre of fine earth, can be emerged within 25-40 days or so；The Huaihe River mountain nursery early April is carried out；It is mixed with sterilization
The volume ratio of bactericide and plant ash is 1 in the plant ash of agent:100.
7. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that sponge gourd resident time is at the beginning of 3 months in step D；Per furrow kind
1 row is planted, 40 centimetres of spacing in the rows drenches root water after field planting, while adding a cover Small plastic shed insulation；Huaihe River mountain resident time is mid-May, when
Carry out by when sprouting exposes 0.5-1 centimetre；Furrow face during field planting between two plants of sponge gourds digs one deep 15 centimetres with spud
Ditch, seed sprouting is put upwards, then covered with fine earth.
8. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that step E includes：
Sponge gourd is managed：
1. ground moistening is kept after being colonized, canopy intensification is closed, is gradually divulged information after slow seedling；Slow seedling one week after or so starts to impose liquid manure,
Employment domestic animals manure pouring root, into after picking time, often harvests 2-3 time and topdresses 1 time；
2. sponge gourd seedling length to 40 centimetres when start using " man-like shelf " built, tie up climing；
Sponge gourd last time harvesting by the end of May is finished, and vines are pulled out in time and 0.5 meter to 0.6 meter length is cut into, and vines are equal
It is even to be covered in furrow face；" man-like shelf " then continues to leave Huai Shan climbings for；
Huai Shan is managed：
1. growing early stage will keep ground moistening, with reference to watering, can impose people and animals' fecaluria of urea liquid or dilution, treat seedling length
Carry out thinning during to 30 centimetres, per plant is only stayed the healthy and strong main stem of 1-2 bars, when main stem length is to 50 cm vines draw to
" man-like shelf " is allowed to along shelf climb；
2. per mu of peak of growing season impose composite fertilizer and urea, when plant strain growth is excessively prosperous, with regard to suitably carrying out Plant adjustment, to main stem
And branch is pinched, and dead leaf, sick branch are cleaned out, this period is on the occasion of high temperature and rainy season, attention control disease;
3. tuber expansion period needs to apply and attacks potato fertilizer, imposes composite fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate and potassium sulfate, meanwhile, extract unnecessary more than zero
Son, it is to avoid waste nutrient；The middle and later periods is expanded into stem tuber and meet autumn drought often, it should be noted that irrigated, keep ground moistening, loose, rush
Enter stem tuber elongation, expand, improve yield.
9. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that step F includes：
The sponge gourd prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
1. sponge gourd disease
The common disease of sponge gourd has downy mildew, powdery mildew, droop；The downy mildew Mancozeb wettable powder of mass concentration 70%
500 times of liquid spraying preventing and treatings of 500 times of agent or 58% metalaxyl manganese-zinc wettable powder of mass concentration；The powdery mildew % of mass concentration 50
The 1000 times of liquid spraying preventing and treatings of 800 times of liquid of sulphur suspending agent or 15 % triadimefons wettable powder of mass concentration；Droop can use
1000 times of thiophanate methyl wettable powder pouring roots of mass concentration 70%, while 800 times of iprodiones of mass concentration 50% of foliage-spray
Wettable powder is prevented and treated；
2. sponge gourd insect pest
The common insect pest of sponge gourd has aphid, trialeurodes vaporariorum, pathogenicity test etc., the imidacloprid wettable powder 4500 of available quality concentration 10%
Times liquid, mass concentration 2.5% efficient cyhalothrin emulsifiable concentrate, 1500 times of liquid, mass concentration 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 3000 times of liquid
Alternating spray is prevented and treated；
The Huaihe River mountain prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
1. Huaihe River mountain disease
The common Huaihe River mountain disease in Guangxi has anthracnose and leaf spot；The zineb wettable of available quality concentration 80% when field is fallen ill
500 times of pulvis, mass concentration 45% Prochloraz wettable powder, 1000 times of alternating sprays prevent and treat anthracnose；With mass concentration 75,%00
800 times of the clear wettable powder of bacterium, the propiconazole 2000 of mass concentration 50% prevent and treat again leaf spot；
2. Huaihe River mountain insect pest
In Guangxi, the common insect pest in Huaihe River mountain has sawfly and prodenia litura；It was found that the phoxim of available quality concentration 50% breast during insect
Oily 1500 times of liquid, mass concentration 2.5% cream of decamethrin, 3000 times of liquid, the emamection benaoates of mass concentration 2%
2500 times of liquid alternating spray preventing and treatings.
10. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that step F includes：
（1）Sponge gourd is harvested
The sponge gourd maturity period is different, need to harvest in batches, harvest time be April first arrival by the end of May, last time is pulled out simultaneously melon is climing after harvesting
Segment is covered in furrow face；
（2）Huai Shan is harvested
Being arranged between 2 months December to coming year is carried out, and fair weather is selected during harvesting, is dug out Huaihe River sweet potato bar with spades, on ground
Head dry to crust it is dry and comfortable after can vanning list.
Priority Applications (1)
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107278586A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-10-24 | 桂平市金田镇旷福淮山种植专业合作社 | The cultural method that a kind of Chinese yam set is cultivated peanut |
| CN107493942A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2017-12-22 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of early spring sponge gourd net rack cultivation method |
| CN112219663A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-15 | 重庆市幅沅农业生物技术研究院有限公司 | Double-increase cultivation method for intercropping of open ginger and towel gourd |
| CN113207592A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-06 | 三明市农业科学研究院 | Cultivation method for interplanting asparagus bean with Chinese yam |
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| CN103999650A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-08-27 | 陈秋 | Cultivation method for interplanting cucumber by Chinese yam |
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| CN104770153A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2015-07-15 | 三明市农业科学研究院 | Cultivation method for inter-planting Dioscorea opposita Thunb and early ripening maize |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107278586A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-10-24 | 桂平市金田镇旷福淮山种植专业合作社 | The cultural method that a kind of Chinese yam set is cultivated peanut |
| CN107493942A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2017-12-22 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of early spring sponge gourd net rack cultivation method |
| CN112219663A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-15 | 重庆市幅沅农业生物技术研究院有限公司 | Double-increase cultivation method for intercropping of open ginger and towel gourd |
| CN113207592A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-06 | 三明市农业科学研究院 | Cultivation method for interplanting asparagus bean with Chinese yam |
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| CN106613210B (en) | 2020-01-14 |
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