CN104782344A - Chinese yam and bitter gourd interplanting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a Chinese yam and bitter gourd interplanting method, and belongs to the technical field of crop interplanting. The Chinese yam and bitter gourd interplanting method includes the following steps: variety selection, cultivation and seedling strengthening, planting, field management and pest prevention and control; through scientific and reasonable interplanting of bitter gourds and Chinese yams, the effective availability of land can be effectively improved, the yield and the quality of the Chinese yams and the bitter gourds are improved, and the Chinese yam and bitter gourd interplanting method is an effective measure for overcoming the contradiction between economic benefits and the land for grain production in regions with large populations and less cultivated land.

Description

A kind of Huai Shan and balsam pear interplanting method

Technical field

The invention belongs to crops Interplanting technique field, particularly a kind of Huai Shan and balsam pear interplanting method.

Background technology

Huai Shan, also claim Chinese yam, have another name called Chinese yam and long taro, belong to Dioscoreaceae, with the block root of its hypertrophy or cylindric edible, containing protein 1.5% in block root, carbohydrate 14.4%, and containing multivitamin and choline etc., nutritive value is higher, Chinese yam is perennial root vining plant, likes warm, does not resist cold.

Balsam pear, has very high nutritive value and medical value, and in every 100 grams of balsam pears, moisture accounts for 94%, containing 1 gram, protein, 3.7 grams, carbohydrate, can provide the heat of 71.2 kilojoules.Balsam pear contains a kind of material with antioxidation, and this material can strengthen capillary, stimulates circulation, and prevention of arterial hardens.Balsam pear also has effect of clearing away summerheat, subdhing swelling and detoxicating.

Interplanting, can according to plant growth feature, adopt repeatedly the method such as interplant, three-dimensional interplanting, the interplanting of height crop, make full use of room and time difference, utilize soil, illumination and liquid manure resource the most efficiently, realize proportion of crop planting " superposition benefit ", to solid space increase yield and benefit, labor productivity, utilization of agricultural resources utilization rate and labor productivity can be significantly improved.

Slowly take up room because Huai Shan plants growth rate only, waste resource, land resources can reach better revenue effects completely fully.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to: for above-mentioned Problems existing, the invention provides a kind of Huai Shan and balsam pear interplanting method, instant invention overcomes the feature of Huai Shan, balsam pear each self-cleaning kind low yield, adopt the method for interplanting to make use of land resources fully, larger results can be had in limited resource.

The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of Huai Shan and balsam pear interplanting method, comprise the following steps:

1) Fruit variety: Huai Shan selects to gather then, without damage by disease and insect, have no mechanical damage, grow uniform stem tuber and make Huai Shan kind, the kind that balsam pear selection is disease-resistant, profile good, output is high;

2) nurturing staff: comprise in advance nursery and vernalization is sowed, described in advance nursery is that balsam pear and Huai Shan are in early or mid Febuary nursery, described nurturing staff is that melon kind is placed in 45 ~ 50 DEG C of warm water immersion 10 ~ 15mi n by balsam pear, take out clean after being down to normal temperature, put into normal temperature water logging 10-12h again, pull out and clean with clear water, wrap with clean gauze or towel, then vernalization at being placed in 25 ~ 30 DEG C, every day cleans seed once with clear water, removing the surface of the seed mucus, prevent the mold of seed from rotting, Huai Shan gets its aerial tuber and plants, sterilization is dipped in by its slaked lime powder, dry, again aerial tuber is embedded in wet sand, and keep 20 DEG C--30 DEG C, when germination rate reaches more than 85%, select wherein healthy and strong sprigging land for growing field crops,

3) plant: select cloudy calm weather to plant, use special drilling machine vertically to drill implantation hole by single file in the wide row reserved when planting balsam pear, aperture is 6 ~ 10cm, dark 90 ~ 100cm, and spacing in the rows is 20 ~ 25cm, and then straw is filled up hole and uses sufficient base manure plantation and can sow;

4) field management: topdress, balsam pear grows with short leafiness early stage, major branch growth is sturdy, Shi Chongfei is wanted after starting to sit melon, take out climing rear combination ridging first time fertilising, every 667m farmyard manure 500-1000kg become thoroughly decomposed, cake fertilizer 30kg, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 20kg, apply after mixing in shallow ridges, the second time fertilising of melon phase is sat to 70%, every 667m executes Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 2Okg, potassium sulfate 10, urea 5 ~ 10kg, tender melon contains phase suitable supplementary fertilizer 3-4 time, every 667m executes Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium lOkg, potassium sulfate l0kg, semi-frame, Huai Shan then executes urea 10 ~ 15kg according to the every 667m of plant growing way, the prosperous seedling of potash fertilizer 10kg is on the low side, composite fertilizer 4Okg is imposed at the tuber growth initial stage, every 667m sealing fertilizer 60-70kg when binding to seedling is climing, imposed composite fertilizer 60-70kg every 1 month later, until cauline leaf stops growing, open shallow ridges at every turn and apply rear ridging, notice that fertilizer does not touch stem tuber, built draws climing, adopt fence type frame, height 2m, line-spacing 1.5-1.7m, fence type frame is suitable for planting culture, support force by force and firmly timber is implanted every 5m, irrigation and drainage, run into hot dry weather and answer light irrigation 1-2 water, soak to upper soll layer, rainy season wants timely ditch cleaning draining,

5) extermination of disease and insect pest: extract residual, rotten, sick leaf in time, balsam pear 50% topsin, 800 ~ 1 000 times of liquid, or prevent and treat in their early stage spraying every day with tpn wetting powder 600 times of liquid of 70%, Huai Shan 15% A Wei poison, 1 000 times of liquid water root, every 667m 3Okg liquid.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is: carry out balsam pear and Huai Shan and interplant scientifically and rationally, can effectively improve effective use of land rate, turn improving the seed output and quality of Huai Shan and balsam pear paddy, is the effective measures solving economic benefit and grain-production land used contradiction in few area, arable land of having a large population.

Embodiment

For concrete example, the present invention will be further described below:

Embodiment 1

A kind of Huai Shan and balsam pear interplanting method, comprise the following steps:

1) Fruit variety: Huai Shan selects to gather then, without damage by disease and insect, have no mechanical damage, grow uniform stem tuber and make Huai Shan kind, the kind that balsam pear selection is disease-resistant, profile good, output is high;

2) nurturing staff: comprise in advance nursery and vernalization is sowed, described in advance nursery is that balsam pear and Huai Shan are in early or mid Febuary nursery, described nurturing staff is that melon kind is placed in 45 DEG C of warm water and soaks 10min by balsam pear, take out clean after being down to normal temperature, put into normal temperature water logging 10h again, pull out and clean with clear water, wrap with clean gauze or towel, then vernalization at being placed in 25 DEG C, every day cleans seed once with clear water, removing the surface of the seed mucus, prevent the mold of seed from rotting, Huai Shan gets its aerial tuber and plants, sterilization is dipped in by its slaked lime powder, dry, again aerial tuber is embedded in wet sand, and keep 20 DEG C, when germination rate reaches more than 85%, select wherein healthy and strong sprigging land for growing field crops,

3) plant: select cloudy calm weather to plant, use special drilling machine vertically to drill implantation hole by single file in the wide row reserved when planting balsam pear, aperture is 6cm, dark 90cm, and spacing in the rows is 20cm, and then straw is filled up hole and uses sufficient base manure plantation and can sow;

4) field management: topdress, balsam pear grows with short leafiness early stage, major branch growth is sturdy, Shi Chongfei is wanted after starting to sit melon, take out climing rear combination ridging first time fertilising, every 667m farmyard manure 500kg become thoroughly decomposed, cake fertilizer 30kg, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 20kg, apply after mixing in shallow ridges, the second time fertilising of melon phase is sat to 70%, every 667m executes Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 2Okg, potassium sulfate 10, urea 5 ~ 10kg, tender melon contains phase suitable supplementary fertilizer 3 times, every 667m executes Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium lOkg, potassium sulfate l0kg, semi-frame, Huai Shan then executes urea 10kg according to the every 667m of plant growing way, the prosperous seedling of potash fertilizer 10kg is on the low side, composite fertilizer 4Okg is imposed at the tuber growth initial stage, every 667m sealing fertilizer 60-70kg when binding to seedling is climing, imposed composite fertilizer 60-70kg every 1 month later, until cauline leaf stops growing, open shallow ridges at every turn and apply rear ridging, notice that fertilizer does not touch stem tuber, built draws climing, adopt fence type frame, height 2m, line-spacing 1.5-1.7m, fence type frame is suitable for planting culture, support force by force and firmly timber is implanted every 5m, irrigation and drainage, run into hot dry weather and answer light irrigation 1-2 water, soak to upper soll layer, rainy season wants timely ditch cleaning draining,

5) extermination of disease and insect pest: extract residual, rotten, sick leaf in time, balsam pear 50% topsin, 800 times of liquid, or prevent and treat in their early stage spraying every day with tpn wetting powder 600 times of liquid of 70%, Huai Shan 15% A Wei poison, 1000 times of liquid water root, every 667m 3Okg liquid.

Embodiment 2

Plant Huai Shan and balsam pear interplanting method, comprise the following steps:

1) Fruit variety: Huai Shan selects to gather then, without damage by disease and insect, have no mechanical damage, grow uniform stem tuber and make Huai Shan kind, the kind that balsam pear selection is disease-resistant, profile good, output is high;

2) nurturing staff: comprise in advance nursery and vernalization is sowed, described in advance nursery is that balsam pear and Huai Shan are in early or mid Febuary nursery, described nurturing staff is that melon kind is placed in 50 DEG C of warm water and soaks 15min by balsam pear, take out clean after being down to normal temperature, put into normal temperature water logging 12h again, pull out and clean with clear water, wrap with clean gauze or towel, then vernalization at being placed in 30 DEG C, every day cleans seed once with clear water, removing the surface of the seed mucus, prevent the mold of seed from rotting, Huai Shan gets its aerial tuber and plants, sterilization is dipped in by its slaked lime powder, dry, again aerial tuber is embedded in wet sand, and keep 30 DEG C, when germination rate reaches more than 85%, select wherein healthy and strong sprigging land for growing field crops,

3) plant: select cloudy calm weather to plant, use special drilling machine vertically to drill implantation hole by single file in the wide row reserved when planting balsam pear, aperture is 10cm, dark 100cm, and spacing in the rows is 25cm, and then straw is filled up hole and uses sufficient base manure plantation and can sow;

4) field management: topdress, balsam pear grows with short leafiness early stage, major branch growth is sturdy, Shi Chongfei is wanted after starting to sit melon, take out climing rear combination ridging first time fertilising, every 667m farmyard manure 500-1000kg become thoroughly decomposed, cake fertilizer 30kg, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 20kg, apply after mixing in shallow ridges, the second time fertilising of melon phase is sat to 70%, every 667m executes Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 2Okg, potassium sulfate 10, urea 10kg, tender melon contains phase suitable supplementary fertilizer 4 times, every 667m executes Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium lOkg, potassium sulfate l0kg, semi-frame, Huai Shan then executes urea 15kg according to the every 667m of plant growing way, the prosperous seedling of potash fertilizer 10kg is on the low side, composite fertilizer 4Okg is imposed at the tuber growth initial stage, every 667m sealing fertilizer 70kg when binding to seedling is climing, imposed composite fertilizer 70kg every 1 month later, until cauline leaf stops growing, open shallow ridges at every turn and apply rear ridging, notice that fertilizer does not touch stem tuber, built draws climing, adopt fence type frame, height 2m, line-spacing 1.7m, fence type frame is suitable for planting culture, support force by force and firmly timber is implanted every 5m, irrigation and drainage, run into hot dry weather and answer light irrigation 1-2 water, soak to upper soll layer, rainy season wants timely ditch cleaning draining,

5) extermination of disease and insect pest: extract residual, rotten, sick leaf in time, balsam pear 50% topsin, 1000 times of liquid, or prevent and treat in their early stage spraying every day with tpn wetting powder 600 times of liquid of 70%, Huai Shan 15% A Wei poison, 1000 times of liquid water root, every 667m 3Okg liquid.

Claims (1)

1. Huai Shan and a balsam pear interplanting method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

1) Fruit variety: Huai Shan selects to gather then, without damage by disease and insect, have no mechanical damage, grow uniform stem tuber and make Huai Shan kind, the kind that balsam pear selection is disease-resistant, profile good, output is high;

2) nurturing staff: comprise in advance nursery and vernalization is sowed, described in advance nursery is that balsam pear and Huai Shan are in early or mid Febuary nursery, described nurturing staff is that melon kind is placed in 45 ~ 50 DEG C of warm water immersion 10 ~ 15min by balsam pear, take out clean after being down to normal temperature, put into normal temperature water logging 10-12h again, pull out and clean with clear water, wrap with clean gauze or towel, then vernalization at being placed in 25 ~ 30 DEG C, every day cleans seed once with clear water, removing the surface of the seed mucus, prevent the mold of seed from rotting, Huai Shan gets its aerial tuber and plants, sterilization is dipped in by its slaked lime powder, dry, again aerial tuber is embedded in wet sand, and keep 20 DEG C--30 DEG C, when germination rate reaches more than 85%, select wherein healthy and strong sprigging land for growing field crops,

3) plant: select cloudy calm weather to plant, use special drilling machine vertically to drill implantation hole by single file in the wide row reserved when planting balsam pear, aperture is 6 ~ 10cm, dark 90 ~ 100cm, and spacing in the rows is 20 ~ 25cm, and then straw is filled up hole and uses sufficient base manure plantation and can sow;

4) field management: topdress, balsam pear grows with short leafiness early stage, major branch growth is sturdy, Shi Chongfei is wanted after starting to sit melon, take out climing rear combination ridging first time fertilising, every 667m farmyard manure 500-1000kg become thoroughly decomposed, cake fertilizer 30kg, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 20kg, apply after mixing in shallow ridges, the second time fertilising of melon phase is sat to 70%, every 667m executes Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 2Okg, potassium sulfate 10, urea 5 ~ 10kg, tender melon contains phase suitable supplementary fertilizer 3-4 time, every 667m executes Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium lOkg, potassium sulfate l0kg, semi-frame, Huai Shan then executes urea 10 ~ 15kg according to the every 667m of plant growing way, the prosperous seedling of potash fertilizer 10kg is on the low side, composite fertilizer 4Okg is imposed at the tuber growth initial stage, every 667m sealing fertilizer 60-70kg when binding to seedling is climing, imposed composite fertilizer 60-70kg every 1 month later, until cauline leaf stops growing, open shallow ridges at every turn and apply rear ridging, notice that fertilizer does not touch stem tuber built and draws climing, adopt fence type frame, height 2m, line-spacing 1.5-1.7m, fence type frame is suitable for planting culture, support force by force and firmly timber is implanted every 5m, irrigation and drainage, run into hot dry weather and answer light irrigation 1-2 water, soak to upper soll layer, rainy season wants timely ditch cleaning draining,

5) extermination of disease and insect pest: extract residual, rotten, sick leaf in time, balsam pear 50% topsin, 1000 times of liquid, or prevent and treat in their early stage spraying every day with tpn wetting powder 600 times of liquid of 70%, Huai Shan 15% A Wei poison, 1000 times of liquid water root, every 667m 3Okg liquid.