CN106577229A - Soilless culture substrate for strawberries and application thereof - Google Patents
Soilless culture substrate for strawberries and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106577229A CN106577229A CN201611124100.0A CN201611124100A CN106577229A CN 106577229 A CN106577229 A CN 106577229A CN 201611124100 A CN201611124100 A CN 201611124100A CN 106577229 A CN106577229 A CN 106577229A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soilless culture substrate for strawberries and application thereof. The soilless culture substrate comprises peat, decomposed tea residues, dried mushroom residues and perlite. The volume ratios of peat, decomposed tea residues, dried mushroom residues and perlite is (3-5):(2-4): (1-3):(0.5-1.5). The soilless culture substrate for strawberries and application thereof have following beneficial effects: the soilless culture substrate is rationally added with raw material of processed agricultural organic wastes such that usage amount of peat is effectively reduced; production cost is lowered; environment pollution is reduced so that yield and quality of strawberries are ensured; and good ecological and economic benefit of the elevated culture substrate of strawberries are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture cultivation technique without soil field, and in particular to a kind of Fructus Fragariae Ananssae soilless culture substrate and its application.
Background technology
Organic mass cultivation is a kind of emerging high-efficient soilless culture mode, and this kind of planting type can be that the growth of crop is created
Good rhizospheric environment and spatial environmentss are made, the soil salinization, soil-borne disease can be efficiently solved and be on the rise and crop life
Rationality disease such as increases at the knotty problem of urgent need to resolve, strengthens crop disease-resistant, resistance.In the overhead base of existing Strawberry in Greenhouse
In matter soilless culture, the main mixed substrate based on domestic peat；Though peat physicochemical character and shock-absorbing capacity are preferably, pH value mistake
Low, water holding is high, and permeability is bad and expensive.Finding suitable raw material completely or partially replaces peat to prepare cultivated strawberry
Substrate is this area technical problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.Chinese medicine slag, tea grounds and mushroom slag are to common are machine waste materials, annual to make
Substantial amounts of Chinese medicine slag, tea grounds and mushroom slag can be produced in pharmaceutical factory and agricultural production, if can not rationally using the wasting of resources can be caused
And environmental pollution.Therefore how to be that this area need solution with strawberries soilless culture substrate using above Organic substance scrap feed material
Technical problem.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Fructus Fragariae Ananssae soilless culture substrate and its application.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of Fructus Fragariae Ananssae soilless culture substrate, the Fructus Fragariae Ananssae soilless culture substrate is comprising domestic peat, the tea grounds that becomes thoroughly decomposed, become thoroughly decomposed mushroom slag
And perlite.
Used as a kind of optimal technical scheme, the domestic peat, the tea grounds that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the mushroom slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed, perlitic volume ratio are
(3～5):(2～4):(1～3):(0.5～1.5).Further preferably, the domestic peat, the tea grounds that becomes thoroughly decomposed, become thoroughly decomposed mushroom slag, treasure
The volume ratio of Zhu Yan is 4:3:2:1.
As another kind of technical scheme, also include the Chinese medicine slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed in the Fructus Fragariae Ananssae soilless culture substrate.Preferably, it is described
Domestic peat, the Chinese medicine slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the mushroom slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed, tea grounds and the perlitic volume ratio of becoming thoroughly decomposed are (3～5):(1～3):(1～3):
(0.5～1.5)：(0.5～1.5).Further preferably, the domestic peat, the Chinese medicine slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the mushroom slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed, become thoroughly decomposed tea grounds and
Perlitic volume ratio is 4:2:2:1:1.
The above-mentioned tea grounds that becomes thoroughly decomposed, become thoroughly decomposed mushroom slag and the Chinese medicine slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed is by air-dried tea grounds, air-dries edible fungi waste residue and fresh wet
Chinese medicine slag respectively Jing tunnel-type fermentings pond or build heap fermentation obtain.
The above-mentioned tea grounds that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the concrete preparation method of become thoroughly decomposed mushroom slag and the Chinese medicine slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed are：By water content less than 30～
40% air-dried edible fungi waste residue and air-dried tea grounds, water content are 70～80% fresh wet Chinese medicine slag, mix respectively and build heap, Jing summers
Season heavy rain 1 time or artificial clear water leaching 2 times, slag muck drops down many waste liquid moisture containing organic component, adjust water content be 60～
70%, access GBG 4～8kg/m of bacteria agent3, fermenting, sweat is：Fermentation temperature continues 5～7 days up to 55～65 DEG C,
Turning once, then through 20～30 days, after turning 2～3 times.
Using the high 0.5～0.8m of tunnel-type fermenting pond fermentation heap, the high 0.8～1.0m of heap fermentation heap is built.
Application of the above-mentioned soilless culture substrate in Fructus Fragariae Ananssae soilless culture.
The knot of the content appreciable impact substrate culture of the several components of classification of the Fructus Fragariae Ananssae soilless culture substrate component of the present invention
Really.The screening from organic waste raw material needs those skilled in the art to pay wound suitable for the formula of Fructus Fragariae Ananssae soilless culture substrate
The property made is worked.
Though the mixed substrate raw material sources in the present invention based on Chinese medicine slag, tea grounds, mushroom slag can be gathered materials on the spot, cheap
And have comparatively ideal physicochemical character, but the content of organic matter, pH value, EC values are higher, for these problems, in recent years by employing
The agricultural organic waste raw materials such as medicinal residues, tea grounds, mushroom slag, using front through certain leaching, Biological Pretreatment, allow which to ferment again
With the sterilizing that reaches a high temperature, the purpose of the reduction content of organic matter so as to which physicochemical property is more stable, rationally replaces the peat of part,
And the inert bases such as a certain proportion of perlite, Vermiculitum are equipped with, it is made into the more required water of Fructus Fragariae Ananssae growth, fertilizer, three matched of gas
Rhizospheric environment condition mixed substrate.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention by add in Fructus Fragariae Ananssae soilless culture substrate through certain leaching, the Chinese medicine slag of Biological Pretreatment,
The agricultural organic waste raw materials such as tea grounds, mushroom slag, effectively to reduce the usage amount of peat, filter out the preferable mixture base of effect
Matter.It is experiment material to be added with organic waste materials by Light medias such as peat, perlite, Vermiculitums, is made into different blended in proportion and matches somebody with somebody
Substrate, carries out the screening and optimization of Fructus Fragariae Ananssae high-level cultivating substrate in greenhouse.As a result show mixed substrate with peat:Tea grounds:Mushroom slag:
Perlite volume ratio is 4:3:2:1 shows more excellent in terms of total output, early yield, fruit taste quality, with peat:Chinese medicine
Slag:Mushroom slag:Tea grounds:Perlite volume ratio is 4:2:2:1:1 takes second place.As a result show the tea grounds under the conditions of identical nutrient management
The rhizospheric environment condition of more excellent water, fertilizer, three matched of gas can be provided for Fructus Fragariae Ananssae growth with mushroom slag mixed substrate.Therefore pass through
The agricultural organic waste raw material that rationally addition Jing is processed, alternative part peat consumption reduce production cost.The grass of the present invention
Certain kind of berries soilless culture substrate is effectively reduced the use of peat by rationally adding treated agricultural organic waste raw material
Amount, reduces production cost, reduction environmental pollution, and ensures the yield and quality of Fructus Fragariae Ananssae, to realize that the overhead substrate of Strawberry in Greenhouse is planted
Training preferably ecological and economic benefit.
Specific embodiment
1 materials and methods
Test period is in September, 2014 in May, 2015, is entered in Nanjing Institute of Vegetable Science's glass intelligent greenhouse
OK.
1.1 material to be tested
1.1.1 for examination strawberry cultivars
It is red cheek for trying strawberry cultivars, is provided by Jiangsu Province Agriculture Science Institute gardening
1.1.2 test matrix
Become thoroughly decomposed tea grounds, become thoroughly decomposed mushroom slag and the Chinese medicine slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed is by air-dried tea grounds, air-dries edible fungi waste residue and fresh wet Chinese medicine slag
Jing builds what heap fermentation was obtained respectively.Concrete grammar is：Air-dried edible fungi waste residue and air-dried tea by water content less than 30～40%
Slag, water content are 70～80% fresh wet Chinese medicine slag, mix respectively and build heap (the high 0.8～1.0m of heap), the artificial clear water leachings of Jing 2
Secondary, slag muck drops down many waste liquid moisture containing organic component, and it is 60～70% to adjust water content, accesses GBG bacteria agent 6kg/
m3, fermenting, sweat is：Fermentation temperature continues 6 days up to 60～65 DEG C, and turning once, then through 30 days, after turning 3 times is
The mushroom slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed can be respectively obtained, become thoroughly decomposed tea grounds and the Chinese medicine slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
Cultivation matrix is prepared by Nanjing Vegetable institute biological study room and is provided, the physicochemical property (being shown in Table 1) of each substrate.
1 each substrate physicochemical property of table
1.1.3 for examination fertilizer
It is as follows for trying fertilizer：Four water-calcium nitrate Ca (NO3)2.4H2O, potassium nitrate KNO3, potassium dihydrogen phosphate KH2PO3, seven water sulfur
Sour magnesium MgSO47H2O, sodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate [CH2N(CH2COO)2]2FeNa, boric acid H3BO3, zinc sulfate ZnSO4.7H2O, sulfur
Sour copper CuSO4, manganese sulfate MnSO4, ammonium molybdate (NH4)MoO7O24.4H2O.Cultivation nutritional solution used is that above fertilizer is made into
N:P:K ratios are 2.67:1:4.61 special nutrient fluids, it is standby to be typically made into 100 times of mother solutions, is applied again for 1000 times with front dilution,
100 times of mother solution Ju Ti Pei Fangs：Potassium nitrate KNO is added in the every 1200L clear water of A liquid326.1Kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate KH2PO311.8Kg、
Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate MgSO47H2(the micro- fertilizer of flower the more formula contains H for O16.1Kg, micro- fertilizer3BO3、ZnSO4.7H2O、CuSO4、MnSO4、
(NH4)MoO7O24.4H2O) 120g, sodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate (i.e. iron fertilizer) [CH2N(CH2COO)2]2FeNa480g；B liquid is every
Ca (NO are added in 1200L clear water3)2.4H2O37.8Kg.Above fertilizer is bought from Shanghai Wintong Chemicals Co., Ltd..
1.2 method
1.2.1 experimental planting pattern
Substrate culture pattern is planted using overhead slot type bag, overhead omnipotent angle bar is cultivated and is made, the high 1.3m of frame puts two above
Layer trogue, in " Chinese character pin-shaped ", understorey groove width 0.55m, long 1.8m, depth 0.15m put two row's bag containing soilless substrates, overstory groove width in groove
0.25m, long 1.8m, depth 0.20m, put row's bag containing soilless substrate, per bag of cultivation Fructus Fragariae Ananssae three, per bag of upper strata cultivation Fructus Fragariae Ananssae five, spacing in the rows
0.20cm；Manuring irrigation adopts flexible pipe drip irrigation system, one is planted per hole and matches somebody with somebody a water dropper, regulates and controls water, nutritional solution amount of application at any time.
Trial zone nutritional solution application process and field management are with routine soilless culture production.
1.2.2 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Using substrate composition single factor experiment, if 3 proportionings are processed, 3 repetitions, plot area 16.2m2, put down per cell
245 plants are planted, order is arranged, and set up protection row.The each substrate in trial zone is by volume：
T1 (domestic peat, the Chinese medicine slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the mushroom slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the tea grounds that becomes thoroughly decomposed, perlite=4:2:2:1:1)；
T2 (domestic peat, the tea grounds that becomes thoroughly decomposed, become thoroughly decomposed mushroom slag, perlite=4:3:2:1)；
T3 compares (domestic peat, rice husk, Vermiculitum=3:4:3).Study each substrate composition process to Fructus Fragariae Ananssae growth, yield and
The impact of taste quality.
T4 process (import peat, perlite, Vermiculitum=10 based on import peat are separately set:4:1) observed, with
Determine its forward and backward phase EC values situation and the content of fruit soluble solids index of quality.Protection row：Using old substrate upper one year, (T3 matches somebody with somebody
Than) it is sterile-processed after reuse, only determine a soluble solid content and refer to.
1.3 test field investigations
1.3.1 the phenological period
Often processing observational record Fructus Fragariae Ananssae early flowering season, fruiting period, beginning adopts phase situation.
1.3.2 content of fruit soluble solids (SSC%) measure is determined with hand refractometer.
In harvesting early stage, selection is often processed with a collection of picking fruit and determine 5 fruits measure soluble solids.
1.3.3 substrate EC, pH value are determined
Irregular monitoring is carried out to cultivation matrix EC, pH value according to actual state during strawberry production.Accordingly
Solution matrix nutrition and rhizospheric environment situation, grasp at any time, adjust nutritional solution concentration, consumption and acid-base value.
1.3.4 produce statistics of variables
Record each process per batch cell production of harvesting.
2 results and analysis
Impact of the 2.1 different formulations substrate to the thing phenological period of yielding positive results
Local Fructus Fragariae Ananssae forcing culture, is typically based on temperature condition and strawberry cultivars characteristic is determined in September, the middle ten days is colonized.
From in terms of 2 data of table, the process of different substrates formula is colonized on the same day in September on the 18th, and early flowering season, fruiting period, collection period all show one
Causing, the phase being adopted 85 days from field planting to first flower 48 days, to beginning, as a result to harvesting 30 days or so, different disposal is to Fructus Fragariae Ananssae each phenological period
Sooner or later without obvious difference.Setting date is postponed, and other phenological periods of plant are also with moving afterwards.So in In Nanjing substrate culture
In, red cheek Fructus Fragariae Ananssae is colonized too late, affects bigger on its phenological period, it was observed that field planting is postponed 6 days, the early flowering season will be pushed away than early field planting
Slow 9 days, the beginning adopted the phase and has also postponed 10 days.Each formulation media that this test is prepared is in identical planting environment and identical nutrition
In the case that liquid pipe is managed, the impact very little to the Fructus Fragariae Ananssae phenological period.
2 substrate of table is yielded positive results to red cheek Fructus Fragariae Ananssae the impact in phenological period
Impact of 2.2 different substrates to fruit soluble solids content (SSC%)
Fruit soluble solids content is to weigh one of common counter of strawberry fruit quality, from the point of view of 3 data of table, fruit
Real outer tip soluble solid content (SSC%) average content, December 2 respectively process T2>T1>T4>T3>The old substrate of T3 is successively
Respectively 12.5,12,11.25,11,9.4, fruit depths of one's heart portion average content is followed successively by T2>T4>T1>T3>The old substrate 10 of T3,
9.75th, 9.25,9,8.85, January 22 determined, and in table, respectively the outer tip average content data of process are lower slightly compared with the measured value of December 2,
Depths of one's heart portion is not changed in substantially；And respectively process tip peak outside fruit and be respectively 12.0,12.5,11,13.8,10.2, fruit
Depths of one's heart portion peak respectively is 11.5,11.5,10,11.5,9.5.Analysis fruit different parts soluble solid content
(SSC%), during the 11-12 months, illumination condition is relatively superior in the fall, day and night temperature is more reasonable, and now plant result sum is relative
Less, nutrient is relatively concentrated, and fruit receives that illumination is more, and outer tip is ripe in advance, Gu the outer tip solubility solid of fruit
The relatively outer shoulder of thing content (SSC%), depths of one's heart portion are high；Analysis different substrates process fruit soluble solids content (SSC%), comprehensive
Close with T2 as highest, other are followed successively by T1, T4, T3, no matter the outer tip of fruit or the performance of depths of one's heart portion are worst for the old substrate of T3.It is observed that
Determine soluble solid content (SSC%) highest fruit to occur in T4 matrix treatments, and sweet mouthfeel taste foot, thus it is speculated that because
Process the higher import peat of configuration proportion and do not contain any nutrient, learn that perlite, Vermiculitum are also practically free of nutrient from table 1, and
N, P, the K contained by special nutrient fluid and other constituent contents applied in cultivation is balanced, and such plant root equilibrium obtains institute
The various nutrients for needing so that fruit mouthfeel is also preferable always.
Fruit entirety soluble solid content height has direct relation, this test sensory test, from 4 feelings of table with mouthfeel
From the point of view of condition, fruit soluble solids content (SSC%) reaches more than 10, the fragrant and sweet tart flavour foot of fruit, and content is in 10-9.5 mouthfeels
Sweeter, insufficient fragrance, between 9.5-8, the light band point of taste is sour-sweet, and between 8.5-7.5, mouthfeel is not slightly sweet sour, and content is left in 7-6
Right fruit occurred during mid-March, mainly occurred in inflorescence Secondary-fruit, thus it is speculated that reason, and one is plant through the 1-3 months
After the production peak phase in the first tenday period of a month, the 1-2 month low temperature overcast and rainy day stages during adding, are met with, illumination is not enough, and plant body nutrient consumption is more than product
It is tired；Two are crawled due to as the rising of temperature, plant are affected by short time high temperature, causing the transformation of part bud source to be divided into
Crawl stem, up to more than 20 DEG C of day temperature, and while nocturnal temperature is down to less than 6 DEG C, can also suppress the generation of stolon.Night temperature
10 DEG C, 23 DEG C of daytime temperature is the optimal temperature conditions that stolon occurs.Nutrient growth is gradually vigorous, mutually fights for battalion with reproductive growth
Support, three is that nutrient solution concentration is not adjusted in time, temperature raises fruit fertility and accelerates, it is impossible to supplies enough nutrients in time, leads
There is the dark violet hygrophanous fruit in part in cause, loses edibility, shows the problem that cultivation matrix nutrition supply lacks of staying power.
Impact of 3 different substrates of table to fruit soluble solids content (SSC%)
Note：Each processes and determines 5 fruits.* it is the measure date
4 fruit soluble solids content of table height and flavor taste
Note：Fruit surface turns the red data determined up to 80-90% mellow fruits.
Impact of 2.3 different substrates to Yield of Strawberry
From 5 data analysiss of table, different substrates have significantly impact to Yield of Strawberry.Process each to early yield is than control
T3 have it is different degrees of increase, every square metre of per unit area yield shows as：Early stage T2 is higher by 20% and 114% than compareing T3, T1 respectively, in
Phase T1 is higher by 11.2% and 22% than T2, T3 respectively, and later stage T2 is higher by 7% and 25.4% than T1, T3 respectively；Individual plant average product
T2 is higher by 2.5% and 18.8% than T1, T3 respectively.From early yield and the equivalent 667m of cell2Yield is (close with 10,000,000 plants of plantations
Degree is calculated) data see, T2 process relatively control has significantly volume increase performance.
Impact of 5 different substrates of table to Yield of Strawberry
Note：Every square metre of yield, single plant yield represent that with g cell, equivalent yield are represented with kg.
2.4 cultivation matrix EC values are monitored and are analyzed
Fructus Fragariae Ananssae is to like neutral or slightly acidic rhizospheric environment, and convenient pH value is 5.5-7.0.
Cultivation matrix is carried out during strawberry production it is irregular pH, EC value is monitored, substrate leachate EC values press
Volume 2:1 clear water is determined after soaking 4 hours, and extrusion liquid EC is directly measured from after substrate extrusion.From 6 data analysiss of table, early stage plants
The strain field planting slow seedling stage, because the process of each matrix formulations is because with the addition of a certain proportion of Chinese medicine slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed, mushroom slag, tea grounds, these bases
Matter organic component amount higher (being shown in Table 1), causes mixed substrate EC values higher, and the old substrate especially with T3 formula was (as upper one year
Substrate) leachate EC values up to 1.70, extrusion liquid EC is more up to 5.67, therefore arranges in Fructus Fragariae Ananssae early stage cultivation of yielding positive results
Apply implementation clear water to irrigate, to dilute plant rhizosphere substrate EC concentration nearby, be beneficial to plant and inspire new root.Control T3 is processed as
Domestic peat, rice husk, Vermiculitum press 3：4：3 ratios are made into, and the rice husk of addition rice husk occurs without becoming thoroughly decomposed in whole cultivation
Slowly corruption fermentation heat condition, causes substrate physicochemical character unstable, causes matrix nutrition component ratio unbalanced.From cultivation
Ending phase respectively processes substrate leachate EC value measure situations to analyze, at soluble solid content SSC higher T2, T4 two
Between 0.88-0.99, SSC relatively low T1, T3 two processes substrate leachate EC values and is respectively reason substrate leachate EC values
1.44th, the old substrate of 1.28, protection row T3 is 2.01.The height of soluble organic fraction concentration in EC values reflection substrate, substrate EC value
Height, affects the growth and the effective absorption to nutrient substance of Fructus Fragariae Ananssae root system, ultimately results in fruit taste quality.
6 each formulation media leachate EC values of table are determined
Note：Drip goes out liquid for drip irrigation pipe, and leachate is that substrate and clear water press volume 2：1
3 discuss and conclusion
1st, this test shows, in addition to being colonized other influence factors such as morning and evening, each mixed substrate cultivates ring in identical
In the case of border and identical nutrient management condition, the impact very little to the Fructus Fragariae Ananssae phenological period.Rational cultivation management is arranged in good time
Apply and can eliminate substrate factor and Fructus Fragariae Ananssae is yielded positive results the impact in phenological period.Yield positive results phenological period and the listing of product of Fructus Fragariae Ananssae
Time is closely related with benefit, therefore the regulation and control phenological period of adopting various measures is significant.
2nd, this test different substrates process fruit soluble solids content (SSC%), with T2 process performance highests, other
T1, T4, T3 process is followed successively by, the old substrate performances of T3 are worst.The bases such as the Chinese medicine slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed that adds in mixed substrate, mushroom slag, tea grounds
Matter is higher because of organic component amount, causes mixed substrate EC values higher.To monitor at any time on matrix nutrition liquid cultivation management
The EC value changes situations of substrate, with reference to slow seedling first by clear water drip irrigation, then gradually hyperalimentation fluid concentration, make substrate EC value adjust control
In rational scope.And import peat, perlite, three kinds of substrate of Vermiculitum itself do not contain any nutrient, base in the process of T4 mixtures
In matter, institute is nutritious is supplied by nutritional solution, and it is more balanced all the time to show matrix nutrition composition, so it is solvable to measure its fruit
Property solid content (SSC%) meansigma methodss for best.Substrate EC value is too high, affects the growth of Fructus Fragariae Ananssae root system and to nutrient substance
Effectively absorb, cause matrix nutrition component ratio unbalanced, ultimately result in fruit taste quality.
3rd, this test different substrates are processed significantly impact to Yield of Strawberry, from early yield and equivalent 667m2Yield,
Analyze in terms of average single plant yield, T2 process relatively control has significantly volume increase performance
4th, this test is with domestic peat:Become thoroughly decomposed tea grounds:Become thoroughly decomposed mushroom slag:Perlite is pressed as 4:3:2:The T2 process of 1 volume ratio
Show more excellent in terms of total output, early yield, fruit taste quality, with domestic peat:Become thoroughly decomposed Chinese medicine slag:Become thoroughly decomposed mushroom slag:It is rotten
Ripe tea grounds:Perlite presses 4:2:2:1:The T1 process of 1 volume ratio is taken second place, and does very well than compareing T3 process, therefore in identical
Under the conditions of nutrient management, both the above mixed substrate is processed and can provide more excellent water, fertilizer, gas three for Fructus Fragariae Ananssae growth than control
The rhizospheric environment condition of matched.Therefore by the agricultural organic waste raw material that rationally addition Jing is processed, alternative part mud
Charcoal consumption, reduces production cost, improves yield, improves fruit quality.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of Fructus Fragariae Ananssae soilless culture substrate, it is characterised in that the Fructus Fragariae Ananssae soilless culture substrate comprising domestic peat, the tea grounds that becomes thoroughly decomposed,
Become thoroughly decomposed mushroom slag and perlite.
2. Fructus Fragariae Ananssae soilless culture substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the domestic peat, the tea grounds that becomes thoroughly decomposed, corruption
Ripe mushroom slag, perlitic volume ratio are (3～5):(2～4):(1～3):(0.5～1.5).
3. Fructus Fragariae Ananssae soilless culture substrate according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the domestic peat, the tea grounds that becomes thoroughly decomposed, corruption
Ripe mushroom slag, perlitic volume ratio are 4:3:2:1.
4. Fructus Fragariae Ananssae soilless culture substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also wrap in the Fructus Fragariae Ananssae soilless culture substrate
Containing the Chinese medicine slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
5. Fructus Fragariae Ananssae soilless culture substrate according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the domestic peat, the Chinese medicine slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed,
Mushroom slag, tea grounds and the perlitic volume ratio of becoming thoroughly decomposed of becoming thoroughly decomposed is (3～5):(1～3):(1～3):(0.5～1.5)：(0.5～
1.5)。
6. Fructus Fragariae Ananssae soilless culture substrate according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the domestic peat, the Chinese medicine slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed,
Mushroom slag, tea grounds and the perlitic volume ratio of becoming thoroughly decomposed of becoming thoroughly decomposed is 4:2:2:1:1.
7. according to arbitrary described Fructus Fragariae Ananssae soilless culture substrate in claim 1～6, it is characterised in that the described tea grounds that becomes thoroughly decomposed,
Becoming thoroughly decomposed mushroom slag is by air-dried tea grounds, air-dries edible fungi waste residue and fresh wet Chinese medicine slag difference Jing tunnel-type fermentings pond with the Chinese medicine slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed
Or build what heap fermentation was obtained.
8. Fructus Fragariae Ananssae soilless culture substrate according to claim 7, it is characterised in that by wind of the water content less than 30～40%
Dry mushroom waste residue and air-dried tea grounds, water content are 70～80% fresh wet Chinese medicine slag, mix respectively and build heap, Jing Summer Heavy Rainfalls 1
Secondary or artificial clear water leaching 2 times, slag muck drops down many waste liquid moisture containing organic component, and it is 60～70% to adjust water content, is connect
Enter GBG 4～8kg/m of bacteria agent3, fermenting, sweat is：Fermentation temperature continues 5～7 days, turning one up to 55～65 DEG C
It is secondary, then through 20～30 days, after turning 2～3 times.
9. application of arbitrary described soilless culture substrate in Fructus Fragariae Ananssae soilless culture in claim 1～8.
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| CN107211860A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-09-29 | 合肥卓畅农业科技有限公司 | A kind of soilless culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN107801599A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-16 | 成都先先先生物科技有限公司 | It is a kind of suitable for culture matrix of potato soilless culture and preparation method thereof |
| CN108541557A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-18 | 绩溪县徽安生态农业有限公司 | A kind of strawberry cultivation substrate |
| CN109349063A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-02-19 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of preparation method of the strawberry soilless culture substrate based on Uricularia polytricha bacteria residue |
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| CN115119711A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-09-30 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Special culture medium for strawberry in ultrahigh ridges and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN107801599A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-16 | 成都先先先生物科技有限公司 | It is a kind of suitable for culture matrix of potato soilless culture and preparation method thereof |
| CN108541557A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-18 | 绩溪县徽安生态农业有限公司 | A kind of strawberry cultivation substrate |
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| CN113455364A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-01 | 谭海燕 | Summer greenhouse high-quality strawberry planting bag modularized cultivation method and device |
| CN113455364B (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2024-04-30 | 谭海燕 | Modularized cultivation method and device for high-quality strawberry planting bags in greenhouse in summer |
| CN115119711A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-09-30 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Special culture medium for strawberry in ultrahigh ridges and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115152584A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-10-11 | 山西农业大学 | Preparation of facility strawberry soilless culture composite matrix block |
| CN115368172A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-22 | 上海久绿生物有机肥有限公司 | Medium suitable for flowers and garden crops and preparation method thereof |
| RU2813923C1 (en) * | 2023-12-06 | 2024-02-19 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ставропольский государственный аграрный университет" | Substrate for increasing efficiency of adaptation of regenerated strawberry plants at ex vitro stage |
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