CN106577149A - Method for interplanting polygonatum odoratum under oil tea forests - Google Patents
Method for interplanting polygonatum odoratum under oil tea forests Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for interplanting polygonatum odoratum under oil tea forests, and relates to the technical field of industrial crop mating planting. The method includes the interplanting steps that (1) the oil tea forests are selected; (2) pre-selected interplanting forest land settling is carried out; (3) to-be-planted furrow settling is carried out, wherein 1, bedding material paving is carried out, 2, middle material filling is carried out, 3, sterilization is carried out, and 4 surface layer filling is carried out; (4) bedding is carried out; (5) planting furrows are dug; (6) transplanting is carried out, wherein 1, seedling selection is carried out, and 2, seedling lifting is carried out, and 3, planting is carried out; (7) management is carried out, wherein 1, earlier period management is carried out, and 2, middle and later period management is carried out; and (8) harvesting is carried out. The method has the beneficial effects that the forest soil resource utilization effect can be improved, and the maintaining cost for the newly-planted oil tea forests can be reduced; and the method is suitable for interplanting of the oil tea forests with the tee age shorter than 15 years.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the supporting planting technology field of industrial crops, particularly a kind of method of oil tea forest interplanting Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati.
Background technology
Oil tea is the distinctive industrial crops of China, is also one of big woody oleiferous plants crop in the whole world four.The camellia oleifera lam of China
The wildwood of nature growth is mostly, belongs to low production forest or old camellia oleifera lam, its result is little, yield poorly, oil yield is relatively low, causes
The economic benefit of camellia oleifera lam is poor.In the last few years, low yield camellia oleifera lam retrofit work had been carried out in domestic various places, wherein, have quite a lot of
Where be using all felling, it is brand-new build by the way of.Due to oil tea, row has the process of several years from planting to sealing, and several at this
Nian Zhong, the yield of oil tea is very low, thus, people attempt interplanting industrial crops in the camellia oleifera lam of new plantation, to improve oil tea
The economic benefit of initial planting.At present, the industrial crops interplanted in camellia oleifera lam mainly have potato class, beans, Chinese crude drug class etc..
Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati (Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce), is Liliaceae herbaceos perennial.In originating in
State southwest, resists cold, also shade tolerant, likes wet environment, and suitable growth is in the chesson enriched containing humus.Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati extracts class
Flavonoid substance combines to form a kind of novel substance with Folium Mori extract deoxynojirimycin -- clear sugar element (cics) of pancreas is washed, with drop blood
Sugar, blood fat, blood pressure etc. are acted on.
Disclosed in Chinese patent (number of patent application is 201210028288.4) " a kind of Semen Ricini, polygonatum odoratum interplanting technique ", its
Planting process is comprised the following steps：A, consolidation；B, a kind cultivation：A, Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati plantation：1. ditch；2. apply fertilizer to the subsoil；3. plant；
B, cultivating castor-oil plant：1. cave is dug；2. apply fertilizer to the subsoil；3. plant；C, field management：A, Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati field management：1. spring management；2. autumn in summer
Ji Guanli；3. winter management；B, Semen Ricini field management；D, harvesting：A, Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati harvesting；B, Semen Ricini harvesting.
Another Chinese patent (number of patent application is 201610052995.5) is disclosed, and " wild rule are imitated in a kind of sylvan life of Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati
Generalized implantation methods ", the invention by select excellent Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati kind, in suitable period, select suitable soil and suitable
Artificial forest land's type planted, take suitable field management method, timely collecting and reserve seed for planting, select appropriate preliminary working
With banking system etc..
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method that Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati is interplanted in camellia oleifera lam, using the method, can improve
Woods soil resource utilizing status, can reduce camellia oleifera lam maintenance cost again.
For achieving the above object, the technical measures that the present invention is taken are to invent a kind of side of oil tea forest interplanting Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati
Method, it is characterised in that interplanting process is as follows：
(i), camellia oleifera lam is selected：
Select the gradient at 6-15 °, height above sea level is less than 500m, and woodland canopy density are below 0.7, and it is fertile that the soil is porous, soil
Thickness degree interplants camellia oleifera lam in the camellia oleifera lam of more than 35cm as pre-selection；
(ii), pre-selection interplanting camellia oleifera lam is arranged：
By equal pitch contour direction, in pre-selection interplanting camellia oleifera lam per between two row tea oil trees, apart from oil tea usage tree root 40-
What excavation was parallel with tea oil tree row at 60cm treats kind of a ditch, more than ditch depth 25cm；
(iii), treat that kind of ditch is arranged：
(1), grate-layer material：To treat the leveling of kind of ditch bottom of trench, then will (aperture is 0.1-0.5cm, and density is 60- with micropore
75%) then covered rearing with plastic film, bed material is tiled on a plastic film in the bottom surface and furrow bank for treating kind of ditch, and thickness is ditch
Deep 10-30%；
(2), middle material is filled out：Mixed soil is inserted on bed material, thickness is the 70-80% of remaining ditch depth, leveling compacting；
(3), sterilize：Concentration is sprayed into for the consumption that the thiophanate methyl solution of 500-800ppm presses 120-180ml/ ㎡ mixed
Close soil surface, natural drying 4-7 days；Weight concentration is pressed again the consumption of 1.5-3.5L/ ㎡ for the humic acid solution of 5-10%
In spraying into ditch；
(4), fill in a form layer：Cultivate soil is filled up into remaining space, and high unearthed table 10-30cm, is become and is treated kind of a ground；
(iv), bedding：
To wait to be divided into long and short kind planting-line separately, the length of long kind of planting-line by the direction parallel with tea oil tree row with planting
Spend for 2-4 times of tea oil tree strain spacing, the length of short kind of planting-line is 1-2 times of tea oil tree strain spacing, the spacing of two furrow is oil tea
0.2-0.5 times of tree strain spacing；The height for planting planting-line is 10-15cm, and surrounding is made 4-8 ° of slope；Meanwhile, by tea oil tree
Root builds the slope for piling 4-8 °, the ridge heap for highly flushing with kind of planting-line；
(v) plantation ditch, is dug：
By the direction parallel with tea oil tree row, on long kind of planting-line, the alternate plantation ditch of 1 wide row, 2 narrow rows is excavated；Short
Plant on planting-line, excavate the alternate plantation ditch of 1 wide row, 1 narrow row；The depth of plantation ditch is 20-30cm, and width is 10-20cm；
Wide row plants ditch and 0.3-0.6 times that the spacing of narrow row plantation ditch is tea oil tree spacing, and the spacing of two narrow rows plantation ditch is oil tea
0.2-0.35 times of tree spacing；
(vi), transplant：
(1), Seedling is selected：In Seedlings nursery, growth selection is stable, and cotyledon is bud green, no disease and pests harm, the jade for having more than two pairs cotyledons
Bamboo seedling is used as treating transplanted seedling；
(2), lifting：To treat that transplanted seedling digs out from nursery, and keep root system complete, the Seedling soil weight of adhesive tape will be the 20- of Seedling weight
30 times, become transplanted seedling；
(3), plant：Early September, the consumption for first pressing 10-30kg/m in each plantation bottom of trench portion discharges base fertilizer, then, in temperature
In early morning or dusk less than 25 DEG C, transplanted seedling is put in the thiophanate methyl solution that concentration is 50-100ppm and soaks 3-6min,
In pressing the specification implantation plantation ditch that Seedling spacing is 10-15cm again, filled up with furrow soil, and the root along Seedling builds into the ridge of the 3-5 ° of gradient
Heap, is slightly compacted, and pours root water, becomes seedling；
(vii), manage：
(1), prophase management：
After transplanting in 2 months, with Caulis et Folium Oryzae or covering with ground sheeting, seedling is prevented to be frozen by solarization；
When temperature is less than 25 DEG C, a water was respectively poured sooner or later every 6-8 days, the water yield is 100-150ml/ strains；Every 5-10
It applies disposable fertilizer；
When temperature is higher than 25 DEG C, a water was poured every 3-5 days, the water yield is 200-450ml/ strains；One was applied every 15-20 days
Secondary fertilizer；
(2), middle and later periods management：
After transplanting 2 months, Caulis et Folium Oryzae or mulch film are thrown off, liquid manure routinely Cultivate administration method；
(viii), harvest：
After plantation 2-3, routinely Cultivate administration method is harvested.
The bed material is woods ground surface soil, or is prepared from by following methods：
First the recrement after Chinese herbal medicine extracting effective ingredient is mixed, streptomycete, the 2.2- for accounting for its weight 2.5-5% is added
3.2% trichoderma, is deposited at shady and cool humidity, processes 8-15 days naturally；Then, dry in the sun to moisture is less than 15%, reprocessing
Chinese herb residues fines into more than 60 mesh；Again Chinese herb residues fines and woodland table soil are pressed into (2-3):1 part by weight mixing is equal
It is even, as bed material.
Recrement after the Chinese herbal medicine extracting effective ingredient is Flos Chrysanthemi, Radix Ophiopogonis, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Herba Violae Hortensiss, Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae, Poria
In one or more effective component extracting after recrement, when for it is two or more when, the weight proportion of each component be equal portions or its
Its ratio.
The mixed soil is woods ground surface soil and fertilizer by 1:3 part by weight is mixed, or by oil tea
Leaveves, oil-tea camellia husks, oleifera dry cake are prepared from, and its preparation method is as follows：
(1), oil tea leaveves are processed：First in moist shady place, oil tea leaveves are stacked into into the high oil tea leaveves heaps of 15-30cm,
Again domestic animal fecaluria is sprinkled upon into oil tea leaveves heap surface by the standard of 3-8kg/ ㎡, is placed 15-20 days naturally, become process tea oil tree
Leaf；
(2), oil-tea camellia husks are processed：First oil-tea camellia husks are ground into into oil-tea camellia husks fineves more than 60 mesh, add that to account for its heavy
Microbial function group, the rice husk of 10-15% of amount 1.5-2.5%, mixes, while add accounting for oil-tea camellia husks fines weight 15-
20%th, 30-40 DEG C of warm water, is processed 10-15 days naturally, becomes process oil-tea camellia husks；
(3), oleifera dry cake is processed：First oleifera dry cake is ground into into 40 mesh above oleifera dry cake fineves, then it is thin to oleifera dry cake
The boiling water of equivalent weight is added in material, is stirred evenly, filtered when water temperature is near 50 DEG C, collect oleifera dry cake filtering residue；
(4), mix：Oil tea leaveves will be processed, oil-tea camellia husks, oleifera dry cake filtering residue will be processed according to (8-12)：(1-3)：
(0.4-1) part by weight mix homogeneously, and the mixed material being processed into more than 40 mesh；Mixed material is pressed with woods ground surface soil again
1:(2-4) part by weight mix homogeneously, mixed soil.
The microbial function group is two or more mixed in potassium solubilizing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, trichodermin, streptomycin, actinomycetes
Compound, the weight proportion of each component is equal portions or other ratios.
The cultivate soil is woods ground surface soil：Farmyard manure：Biological organic fertilizer presses 3：2：1 part by weight is mixed,
Can be prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion：
The rotten vegetable 10-15 of farmyard manure 20-30 humic acid 1-4
The rotten weeds 10-15 of inorganic salt 1-3.5 wood sawdusts 5-12
Edible fungi heel 15-20 biological organic fertilizer 4-8；
Its preparation process is as follows：
(1), rotten weeds are processed：Rotten weeds are processed into into strip of the length less than 2cm, moist shady place 10- is deposited in
15 days, then dry in the shade naturally to moisture less than 10%, the rotten weeds powder being then processed into more than 20 mesh；
(2), rotten vegetable is processed：Rotten vegetable Jing extruders are processed, filtering residue is collected；Filtering residue is processed into again rotten
Vegetable coarse fodder；
(3), wood sawdust is processed：Wood sawdust is mixed with the clear water for accounting for its weight 20-30%, and adds the corruption of 1/3 weight portion
Acid is grown, is piled up in the environment of relative humidity more than 90% and is processed 10-15 days, obtain process wood sawdust；
(4) it is, just mixed：By above-mentioned rotten weeds powder, the vegetable coarse fodder that rots, process wood sawdust and inorganic salt, edible fungi foot
Material, farmyard manure, biological organic fertilizer, the humic acid mix homogeneously of residuals weight part, first batch mixing；
(5), compound：First batch mixing and woods ground surface soil are pressed into 1:(3-5) part by weight mix homogeneously, cultivate soil.
The inorganic salt is the mixing of one or more in magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride, ammonium chloride, calcium hydrogen phosphate, zinc sulfate
Thing, when for it is two or more when, the weight proportion of each component is equal portions or other ratios.
The base fertilizer is decomposed dung or biological organic fertilizer, or by decomposed dung or biological organic fertilizer and farmyard manure
By 1:(3-4) part by weight is mixed.
In the management process, when temperature is less than 25 DEG C, its fertilizing method is：Excavating at seedling 15-30cm
The storage fertilizer ditch of wide 5-12cm, depth 10-15cm, decomposed dung is put in the fertile ditch of storage by 24-45kg/10 strains；Meanwhile, apply weight
Concentration is urea liquid 20-40ml/ strains, the potash fertilizer 20-30g/ strains of 30-40%.
In the management process, when temperature is higher than 25 DEG C, its fertilizing method is：Excavating at seedling 15-30cm
The storage fertilizer ditch of wide 5-12cm, depth 10-15cm, decomposed dung is put in the fertile ditch of storage by 40-80kg/10 strains；Meanwhile, apply weight
Concentration is urea liquid 20-40ml/ strains, the potash fertilizer 20-30g/ strains of 30-40%.
The farmyard manure is that, with the fertilizer of institute's rettings such as Za Cao ﹑ La Ji ﹑ dirt, it mainly includes various clay fertilizers, sludge, grain
Slag fertilizer, bone meal, plant ash, butcher field waste and municipal refuse etc..
The fertilizer is commercially available fertilizer.
The biological organic fertilizer is commercially available biological organic fertilizer.
The rotten vegetable be one or more in cabbage, Brassica campestris L, Ramulus Luffae, Caulis Cucurbitae, Chinese cabbage rot to 90% with
On degree.
The rotten weeds be Herba Setariae Viridis, wild oat, Chenopodium album, wild herbs, Herba Poae Sphondylodiss rot to more than 85% degree.
The method of the oil tea forest interplanting Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati of the present invention, in camellia oleifera lam trench digging, improved soil and fertilizer are in the ranks adopted
Mixed soil used by the measures such as water management, especially improved soil, is mainly prepared from by the garbage of oil tea, is both contained
Abundant organic matter, more containing tea polyphenols, tea saponin etc., with Pesticidal and sterilizing effect, can greatly reduce the generation of pest and disease damage,
So that the Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati well-grown of interplanting, and then woods soil resource utilizing status can be improved, and income can be increased again, reduce oil tea
The maintenance cost of woods.
According to the method for the oil tea forest interplanting Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati of the present invention, once camellia oleifera lam had been carried out in Yongzhou City, Hubei Province Lingling District
The contrast test of lower interplanting Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati, following table is experimental control data：
The experimental control tables of data of oil tea forest interplanting Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati
(note：Interplanting test camellia oleifera lam and land occupation condition, soil, liquid manure, the blockclimate for compareing camellia oleifera lam in upper table etc.
Substantially close to seedling is of the same age, same kind, is 6 years after plantation；Under camellia oleifera lam of the interplanting test camellia oleifera lam using the present invention
The method of interplanting Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati；Control camellia oleifera lam is managed according to a conventional method).
The average product that can be seen that interplanting test camellia oleifera lam from upper table data is more flat than the control camellia oleifera lam of general planting
Yield is higher by 183.9kg, along with the income that Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati increases, has both improve the planting effect of camellia oleifera lam, and oil tea is reduced again
The construction of woods and maintenance cost.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiments, the present invention is further illustrated.Description below be in the way of enumerating, but this
Bright protection domain is not limited thereto.
The method of the oil tea forest interplanting Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati of the present embodiment, its interplanting process is as follows：
(i), prepared by auxiliary material：
(1), prepared by bed material：
By waiting weight portion to take the recrement after Flos Chrysanthemi, Radix Ophiopogonis, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Herba Violae Hortensiss effective component extracting respectively, mix, add
Streptomycete, 2.5% trichoderma of its weight 4% are accounted for, is deposited at shady and cool humidity, processed 12 days naturally；Then, dry in the sun is to water
Divide and be less than 15%, reprocess into Chinese herb residues fineves more than 60 mesh；Again Chinese herb residues fines and woodland table soil are pressed into 2:1 weight
Amount ratio mix homogeneously, as bed material.
(2), prepared by mixed soil：
The mixed soil of this example is prepared from by oil tea leaveves, oil-tea camellia husks, oleifera dry cake, and its preparation method is as follows：
1., oil tea leaveves are processed：First in moist shady place, oil tea leaveves are stacked into into the high oil tea leaveves heaps of 25cm, then
Domestic animal fecaluria is sprinkled upon into oil tea leaveves heap surface by the standard of 6kg/ ㎡, is placed 18 days naturally, become process oil tea leaveves；
2., oil-tea camellia husks are processed：First oil-tea camellia husks are ground into into oil-tea camellia husks fineves more than 60 mesh, add that to account for its heavy
Amount 2%, by potassium solubilizing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, trichodermin, streptomycin, actinomycetes by etc. weight portion mix microbial function group,
12% rice husk, mixes, while adding the warm water for accounting for 18%, 35 DEG C of oil-tea camellia husks fines weight, processes 12 days naturally, becomes place
Reason oil-tea camellia husks；
3., oleifera dry cake is processed：First oleifera dry cake is ground into into 40 mesh above oleifera dry cake fineves, then it is thin to oleifera dry cake
The boiling water of equivalent weight is added in material, is stirred evenly, filtered when water temperature is near 50 DEG C, collect oleifera dry cake filtering residue；
4., mix：Oil tea leaveves will be processed, oil-tea camellia husks, oleifera dry cake filtering residue will be processed according to 10：2：0.7 weight ratio
Example mix homogeneously, and the mixed material being processed into more than 40 mesh；Again mixed material and woods ground surface soil are pressed into 1:3 part by weight is mixed
Close uniform, mixed soil.
(3), prepared by cultivate soil：
Fetch earth respectively by weight 25 parts of miscellaneous fertilizers, 3 parts of humic acid, vegetable of rotting (including etc. the cabbage of weight portion, Brassica campestris L,
Ramulus Luffae, Caulis Cucurbitae, Chinese cabbage) 12 parts, inorganic salt (by etc. weight portion magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride, ammonium chloride, calcium hydrogen phosphate, sulphuric acid
Zinc is mixed) 2.5 parts, 8 parts of wood sawdust, weeds of rotting (including etc. weight portion Herba Setariae Viridis, wild oat, Chenopodium album, wild herbs, dragon
Moss) 12 parts, 18 parts of edible fungi heel, 6 parts of biological organic fertilizer；
Its preparation process is as follows：
1., rotten weeds are processed：Rotten weeds are processed into into strip of the length less than 2cm, moist shady place 10- is deposited in
15 days, then dry in the shade naturally to moisture less than 10%, the rotten weeds powder being then processed into more than 20 mesh；
2., rotten vegetable is processed：Rotten vegetable Jing extruders are processed, filtering residue is collected；Filtering residue is processed into again rotten
Vegetable coarse fodder；
3., wood sawdust is processed：Wood sawdust is mixed with the clear water for accounting for its weight 20-30%, and adds the corruption of 1/3 weight portion
Acid is grown, is piled up in the environment of relative humidity more than 90% and is processed 10-15 days, obtain process wood sawdust；
4. it is, just mixed：By above-mentioned rotten weeds powder, the vegetable coarse fodder that rots, process wood sawdust and inorganic salt, edible fungi foot
Material, farmyard manure, biological organic fertilizer, the humic acid mix homogeneously of residuals weight part, first batch mixing；
5., compound：First batch mixing and woods ground surface soil are pressed into 1:3 part by weight mix homogeneously, cultivate soil.
(4), prepared by base fertilizer：Decomposed dung and farmyard manure are pressed into 1:4 part by weight mix homogeneously, base fertilizer.
(ii), interplant：
(1), camellia oleifera lam is selected：
Select the gradient at 6-15 °, height above sea level is less than 500m, and woodland canopy density are below 0.7, and it is fertile that the soil is porous, soil
Thickness degree interplants camellia oleifera lam in the camellia oleifera lam of more than 35cm as pre-selection；
(2), pre-selection interplanting camellia oleifera lam is arranged：
By equal pitch contour direction, in pre-selection interplanting camellia oleifera lam per between two row tea oil trees, apart from oil tea usage tree root 50cm
Excavate and parallel with tea oil tree row treat kind of a ditch, more than ditch depth 25cm in place；
(3), treat that kind of ditch is arranged：
1., grate-layer material：To treat the leveling of kind of ditch bottom of trench, then will (aperture is 0.3cm, and density is plastics 65%) with micropore
Thin film is covered in the bottom surface and furrow bank for treating kind of ditch, then, bed material is tiled on a plastic film, and thickness is the 20% of ditch depth；
2. middle material, is filled out：Mixed soil is inserted on bed material, thickness is the 75% of remaining ditch depth, leveling compacting；
3., sterilize：Concentration is sprayed into into mixed soil table for the consumption that the thiophanate methyl solution of 600ppm presses 160ml/ ㎡
Face, natural drying 6 days；The humic acid solution that weight concentration is 8% is sprayed in ditch by the consumption of 2.2L/ ㎡ again；
4., fill in a form layer：Cultivate soil is filled up into remaining space, and high unearthed table 20cm, is become and is treated kind of a ground；
(4), bedding：
To wait to be divided into long and short kind planting-line separately, the length of long kind of planting-line by the direction parallel with tea oil tree row with planting
Spend for 3 times of tea oil tree strain spacing, the length of short kind of planting-line is 2 times of tea oil tree strain spacing, the spacing of two furrow is tea oil tree strain
0.4 times of spacing；The height for planting planting-line is 12cm, and surrounding is made 6 ° of slope；Meanwhile, oil tea usage tree root is built and piles 6 °
Slope, the ridge heap for highly flushing with kind of planting-line；
(5), plantation ditch is dug：
By the direction parallel with tea oil tree row, on long kind of planting-line, the alternate plantation ditch of 1 wide row, 2 narrow rows is excavated；Short
Plant on planting-line, excavate the alternate plantation ditch of 1 wide row, 1 narrow row；The depth of plantation ditch is 25cm, and width is 15cm；Wide row kind
Ditch and 0.45 times that the spacing of narrow row plantation ditch is tea oil tree spacing are planted, the spacing of two narrow rows plantation ditch is tea oil tree spacing
0.3 times；
(6), transplant：
1., Seedling is selected：In Seedlings nursery, growth selection is stable, and cotyledon is bud green, no disease and pests harm, the jade for having more than two pairs cotyledons
Bamboo seedling is used as treating transplanted seedling；
2., lifting：To treat that transplanted seedling digs out from nursery, and keep root system complete, the Seedling soil weight of adhesive tape will be the 25 of Seedling weight
Times, become transplanted seedling；
3., plant：Early September, the consumption for first pressing 20kg/m in each plantation bottom of trench portion discharges base fertilizer, then, low in temperature
In early morning or dusk in 25 DEG C, transplanted seedling is put in the thiophanate methyl solution that concentration is 80ppm and soaks 5min, then pressed between Seedling
In the specification implantation plantation ditch for 12cm, filled up with furrow soil, and the root along Seedling builds into the ridge heap of 4 ° of gradients, is slightly compacted, and pours
Sufficient root water, becomes seedling；
(vii), manage：
(1), prophase management：
After transplanting in 2 months, with Caulis et Folium Oryzae or covering with ground sheeting, seedling is prevented to be frozen by solarization；
When temperature is less than 25 DEG C, a water was respectively poured sooner or later every 7 days, the water yield is 120ml/ strains；Applied once every 8 days
Fertilizer, its fertilizing method is：In the storage fertilizer ditch that width 8cm, depth 102cm are excavated at seedling 25cm, decomposed dung is pressed into 30kg/10
Strain is put in the fertile ditch of storage；Meanwhile, apply urea liquid 30ml/ strains, potash fertilizer 25g/ strains that weight concentration is 35%；
When temperature is higher than 25 DEG C, a water was poured every 4 days, the water yield is 350ml/ strains；Disposable fertilizer was applied every 18 days, it is applied
Fertile method is：In the storage fertilizer ditch that width 8cm, depth 12cm are excavated at seedling 25cm, decomposed dung is put into into storage by 70kg/10 strains
In fertile ditch；Meanwhile, apply urea liquid 30ml/ strains, potash fertilizer 25g/ strains that weight concentration is 35%；
(2), middle and later periods management：
After transplanting 2 months, Caulis et Folium Oryzae or mulch film are thrown off, liquid manure routinely Cultivate administration method；
(viii), harvest：
After plantation 2-3, routinely Cultivate administration method is harvested.
The method of the oil tea forest interplanting Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati of the present invention, is suitable for camellia oleifera lam interplanting of the age of tree within 15 years.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of oil tea forest interplanting Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati, it is characterised in that interplanting process is as follows：
(i), camellia oleifera lam is selected：
Select the gradient at 6-15 °, height above sea level is less than 500m, and woodland canopy density are below 0.7, and it is fertile that the soil is porous, and soil layer is thick
Degree interplants camellia oleifera lam in the camellia oleifera lam of more than 35cm as pre-selection；
(ii), pre-selection interplanting camellia oleifera lam is arranged：
By equal pitch contour direction, in pre-selection interplanting camellia oleifera lam per between two row tea oil trees, at oil tea usage tree root 40-60cm
Excavate and parallel with tea oil tree row treat kind of a ditch, more than ditch depth 25cm；
(iii), treat that kind of ditch is arranged：
(1), grate-layer material：Kind of a ditch bottom of trench leveling will be treated, then by the covered rearing with plastic film with micropore in the bottom surface and ditch for treating kind of ditch
Wall, then, bed material is tiled on a plastic film, and thickness is the 10-30% of ditch depth；
(2), middle material is filled out：Mixed soil is inserted on bed material, thickness is the 70-80% of remaining ditch depth, leveling compacting；
(3), sterilize：Concentration is sprayed into into composite soil for the consumption that the thiophanate methyl solution of 500-800ppm presses 120-180ml/ ㎡
Earth surface, natural drying 4-7 days；Weight concentration is sprayed into for the consumption that the humic acid solution of 5-10% presses 1.5-3.5L/ ㎡ again
In ditch；
(4), fill in a form layer：Cultivate soil is filled up into remaining space, and high unearthed table 10-30cm, is become and is treated kind of a ground；
(iv), bedding：
To wait to be divided into long and short kind planting-line separately by the direction parallel with tea oil tree row with planting, the length of long kind of planting-line is
2-4 times of tea oil tree strain spacing, the length of short kind of planting-line is 1-2 times of tea oil tree strain spacing, and the spacing of two furrow is tea oil tree strain
0.2-0.5 times of spacing；The height for planting planting-line is 10-15cm, and surrounding is made 4-8 ° of slope；Meanwhile, by oil tea usage tree root
Build the slope for piling 4-8 °, the ridge heap for highly flushing with kind of planting-line；
(v) plantation ditch, is dug：
By the direction parallel with tea oil tree row, on long kind of planting-line, the alternate plantation ditch of 1 wide row, 2 narrow rows is excavated；In short plantation
On furrow, the alternate plantation ditch of 1 wide row, 1 narrow row is excavated；The depth of plantation ditch is 20-30cm, and width is 10-20cm；Wide row
The spacing that plantation ditch plants ditch with narrow row is 0.3-0.6 times of tea oil tree spacing, and the spacing of two narrow rows plantation ditch is between tea oil tree
Away from 0.2-0.35 times；
(vi), transplant：
(1), Seedling is selected：In Seedlings nursery, growth selection is stable, and cotyledon is bud green, no disease and pests harm, the Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati children for having more than two pairs cotyledons
Seedling is used as treating transplanted seedling；
(2), lifting：To treat that transplanted seedling digs out from nursery, and keep root system complete, the Seedling soil weight of adhesive tape will be the 20-30 of Seedling weight
Times, become transplanted seedling；
(3), plant：Early September, the consumption for first pressing 10-30kg/m in each plantation bottom of trench portion discharges base fertilizer, then, transplanted seedling is put
Enter and 3-6min is soaked in the thiophanate methyl solution that concentration is 50-100ppm, then press the specification implantation kind that Seedling spacing is 10-15cm
In planting ditch, filled up with furrow soil, and the root along Seedling builds into the ridge heap of the 3-5 ° of gradient, is slightly compacted, and pours root water, becomes seedling；
(vii), manage：
(1), prophase management：
After transplanting in 2 months, with Caulis et Folium Oryzae or covering with ground sheeting, seedling is prevented to be frozen by solarization；
When temperature is less than 25 DEG C, a water was respectively poured sooner or later every 6-8 days, the water yield is 100-150ml/ strains；Applied every 5-10 days
Disposable fertilizer；
When temperature is higher than 25 DEG C, a water was poured every 3-5 days, the water yield is 200-450ml/ strains；Applied once every 15-20 days
Fertilizer；
(2), middle and later periods management：
After transplanting 2 months, Caulis et Folium Oryzae or mulch film are thrown off, liquid manure routinely Cultivate administration method；
(viii), harvest：
After plantation 2-3, routinely Cultivate administration method is harvested.
2. the method for oil tea forest interplanting Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The bed material is by following methods
It is prepared from：
First the recrement after Chinese herbal medicine extracting effective ingredient is mixed, streptomycete, the 2.2- for accounting for its weight 2.5-5% is added
3.2% trichoderma, is deposited at shady and cool humidity, processes 8-15 days naturally；Then, dry in the sun to moisture is less than 15%, reprocessing
Chinese herb residues fines into more than 60 mesh；Again Chinese herb residues fines and woodland table soil are pressed into (2-3):1 part by weight mixing is equal
It is even, as bed material.
3. the method for oil tea forest interplanting Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the Chinese herbal medicine extracting effectively into
Recrement after point is after one or more effective component extracting in Flos Chrysanthemi, Radix Ophiopogonis, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Herba Violae Hortensiss, Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae, Poria
Recrement, when for it is two or more when, the weight proportion of each component is equal portions or other ratios.
4. the method for oil tea forest interplanting Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The mixed soil is by oil tea
Leaveves, oil-tea camellia husks, oleifera dry cake are prepared from, and its preparation method is as follows：
(1), oil tea leaveves are processed：First in moist shady place, oil tea leaveves are stacked into into the high oil tea leaveves heaps of 15-30cm, then will
Domestic animal fecaluria is sprinkled upon oil tea leaveves heap surface by the standard of 3-8kg/ ㎡, places 15-20 days naturally, becomes process oil tea leaveves；
(2), oil-tea camellia husks are processed：First oil-tea camellia husks are ground into into oil-tea camellia husks fineves more than 60 mesh, add and account for its weight
The microbial function group of 1.5-2.5%, the rice husk of 10-15%, mix, while add account for oil-tea camellia husks fines weight 15-20%,
30-40 DEG C of warm water, is processed 10-15 days naturally, becomes process oil-tea camellia husks；
(3), oleifera dry cake is processed：First oleifera dry cake is ground into into 40 mesh above oleifera dry cake fineves, then in oleifera dry cake fines
The boiling water of equivalent weight is added, is stirred evenly, filtered when water temperature is near 50 DEG C, collect oleifera dry cake filtering residue；
(4), mix：Oil tea leaveves will be processed, oil-tea camellia husks, oleifera dry cake filtering residue will be processed according to (8-12)：(1-3)：(0.4-1)
Part by weight mix homogeneously, and the mixed material being processed into more than 40 mesh；Again mixed material and woods ground surface soil are pressed into 1:(2-4)
Part by weight mix homogeneously, mixed soil.
5. the method for oil tea forest interplanting Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the microbial function group is solution
Two or more mixture in potassium bacterium, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, trichodermin, streptomycin, actinomycetes, the weight proportion of each component be equal portions or
Other ratios.
6. the method for oil tea forest interplanting Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cultivate soil is by following
The raw material of weight portion is prepared from：
The rotten vegetable 10-15 of farmyard manure 20-30 humic acid 1-4
The rotten weeds 10-15 of inorganic salt 1-3.5 wood sawdusts 5-12
Edible fungi heel 15-20 biological organic fertilizer 4-8；
Its preparation process is as follows：
(1), rotten weeds are processed：Rotten weeds are processed into into strip of the length less than 2cm, moist shady place 10-15 is deposited in
My god, then dry in the shade naturally to moisture less than 10%, the rotten weeds powder being then processed into more than 20 mesh；
(2), rotten vegetable is processed：Rotten vegetable Jing extruders are processed, filtering residue is collected；Again filtering residue is processed into into rotten vegetable
Coarse fodder；
(3), wood sawdust is processed：Wood sawdust is mixed with the clear water for accounting for its weight 20-30%, and adds the humic of 1/3 weight portion
Acid, piles up in the environment of relative humidity more than 90% and processes 10-15 days, obtains process wood sawdust；
(4) it is, just mixed：By above-mentioned rotten weeds powder, the vegetable coarse fodder that rots, process wood sawdust and inorganic salt, edible fungi heel, soil
Miscellaneous fertilizers, biological organic fertilizer, the humic acid mix homogeneously of residuals weight part, first batch mixing；
(5), compound：First batch mixing and woods ground surface soil are pressed into 1:(3-5) part by weight mix homogeneously, cultivate soil.
7. the method for oil tea forest interplanting Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the inorganic salt be magnesium sulfate,
The mixture of one or more in calcium chloride, ammonium chloride, calcium hydrogen phosphate, zinc sulfate, when for it is two or more when, the weight of each component
Amount proportioning is equal portions or other ratios.
8. the method for oil tea forest interplanting Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The base fertilizer is by decomposed dung
Or biological organic fertilizer presses 1 with farmyard manure:(3-4) part by weight is mixed.
9. the method for oil tea forest interplanting Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the management process, work as gas
When temperature is less than 25 DEG C, its fertilizing method is：In the storage fertilizer ditch that width 5-12cm, depth 10-15cm are excavated at seedling 15-30cm,
Decomposed dung is put in the fertile ditch of storage by 24-45kg/10 strains；Meanwhile, apply urea liquid 20- of the weight concentration for 30-40%
40ml/ strains, potash fertilizer 20-30g/ strains.
10. the method for oil tea forest interplanting Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the management process, work as gas
When temperature is higher than 25 DEG C, its fertilizing method is：In the storage fertilizer ditch that width 5-12cm, depth 10-15cm are excavated at seedling 15-30cm,
Decomposed dung is put in the fertile ditch of storage by 40-80kg/10 strains；Meanwhile, apply urea liquid 20- of the weight concentration for 30-40%
40ml/ strains, potash fertilizer 20-30g/ strains.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108849391A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-23 | 贵州环山农业资源开发有限公司 | A kind of oil tea seedling culture matrix formulations and preparation method thereof |
| CN110122157A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-08-16 | 管天球 | A kind of method of camellia oleifera lam disease-resistant combating drought and raising yields |
| CN112005805A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-01 | 遵义华邦农业科技开发有限公司 | Intercropping cultivation method for pepper and polygonatum odoratum |
| CN112335479A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-02-09 | 务川县天门山农业开发有限公司 | Planting method for interplanting lonicera confusa and polygonatum odoratum |
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| CN105706680A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-06-29 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | Underwood wild-imitation standardized planting method for radix polygonati officinalis |
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| CN108849391A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-23 | 贵州环山农业资源开发有限公司 | A kind of oil tea seedling culture matrix formulations and preparation method thereof |
| CN110122157A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-08-16 | 管天球 | A kind of method of camellia oleifera lam disease-resistant combating drought and raising yields |
| CN112005805A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-01 | 遵义华邦农业科技开发有限公司 | Intercropping cultivation method for pepper and polygonatum odoratum |
| CN112335479A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-02-09 | 务川县天门山农业开发有限公司 | Planting method for interplanting lonicera confusa and polygonatum odoratum |
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