CN106577078B - The comprehensive plant breeding model of a kind of rice-shrimp-loach coupling cultural method and rice field - Google Patents
The comprehensive plant breeding model of a kind of rice-shrimp-loach coupling cultural method and rice field Download PDFInfo
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- CN106577078B CN106577078B CN201611208596.XA CN201611208596A CN106577078B CN 106577078 B CN106577078 B CN 106577078B CN 201611208596 A CN201611208596 A CN 201611208596A CN 106577078 B CN106577078 B CN 106577078B
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000003976 plant breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 119
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- 241001275944 Misgurnus anguillicaudatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000131316 Panax pseudoginseng Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The comprehensive plant breeding model of a kind of rice-shrimp-loach coupling cultural method and rice field, relates generally to cultural technique field.This method is using rice field free time transplanting water plant as bait source, reduce the feeding volume of man-made feeds, rice is utilized simultaneously, the especially growth cycle feature of late rice, the culturing time for extending Procambius clarkii and loach (mainly Procambius clarkii) improves the commercial specification and cultured output of Procambius clarkii；It for Procambius clarkii, the listing specification of loach and growth cycle feature, is caught in different ways, avoids the loss of commodity loach, improve rice field comprehensive utilization ratio.The method is the primary innovation of the comprehensive plant breeding model in rice field, can be improved rice-fishing coupling cultivation economic benefit, has certain application value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cultural technique fields, comprehensive in particular to a kind of rice-shrimp-loach coupling cultural method and rice field
Close plant breeding model.
Background technique
Procambius clarkii, also known as cray, because the features such as its speed of growth is fast, adaptable, meat flavour is delicious at
For a seed shrimp welcomed by the people standby in economic freshwater shrimps.It is supported currently, Procambius clarkii has become the important economy in China
Grow kind；Loach is a kind of very high fish of nutritive value, referred to as " ginseng in water ", is also had become one on people's dining table now
Road cuisines.
The cultivation of Procambius clarkii and loach is most of at present to be cultivated using " rice-shrimp " cultural technique or " rice-loach "
Technology is cultivated with field or rice, loach with the joint in field though realizing rice, shrimp, and actual rice field comprehensive utilization ratio is not high, shrimp or
The yield of loach is also relatively low, does not obtain ideal real economy benefit.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of rice-shrimp-loach to couple cultural method, can make full use of rice field production
Power improves rice-fishing coupling cultivation economic benefit.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of comprehensive plant breeding models in rice field, can be improved the comprehensive utilization in rice field
Rate.
The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts the following technical solutions to realize.
The present invention proposes a kind of rice-shrimp-loach coupling cultural method comprising:
In rice field, irrigation canals and ditches are arranged in surrounding, annular ditch are formed, in annular ditch close to the pre-buried letter pipe in the side of major trunk roads and in rice
The diagonal position in field is respectively arranged with water inlet and discharge outlet, and fish screen is arranged in discharge outlet, forms rice field to be cultivated.
Dry Breeding Seedlings are planted in wait cultivate in rice field；It is 30-35g/ tail by specification, the kirschner that female-male proportion is 2:1 is former
Crayfish seed is as parent, according to 18-30kg/667m2Injected volume is launched wait cultivate in rice field, and by specification be 7-10g/
The loach fry of tail is according to 9.5kg/667m2Injected volume launch and cultivated wait cultivate in rice field；Wherein, in kirschner original chela
Shrimp seedling kind and loach fry growth wheat bran early period, third powder and dregs of beans are fed, and the intermediary and later stages, manually mixed feed was fed
It supports, povidone iodine disease preventing and treating is used during cultivation, and carry out patrolling field simultaneously and drive enemy.
After Procambius clarkii seed and loach fry grow up, early period catches loach, and mid-term catches Procambius clarkii simultaneously
And loach, later period catch Procambius clarkii.
A kind of comprehensive plant breeding model in rice field comprising above-mentioned rice-shrimp-loach couples cultural method.
The beneficial effect of the comprehensive plant breeding model of rice-shrimp of the embodiment of the present invention-loach coupling cultural method and rice field is: passing through
Rice-shrimp-loach couples cultural method, and the cultivation phase of Procambius clarkii, loach is extended 20-30 days, be conducive to promotion Procambius clarkii,
The commercial specification of loach improves economic benefit of aquaculture；For Procambius clarkii, the listing specification of loach and growth cycle feature,
It is caught in different ways, avoids the loss of commodity loach.Therefore, it is mentioned using the comprehensive plant breeding model in the rice field of the above method
The high comprehensive utilization ratio in rice field.
Specific embodiment
It in order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical solution be clearly and completely described.The person that is not specified actual conditions in embodiment, according to normal conditions or manufacturer builds
The condition of view carries out.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is the conventional production that can be obtained by commercially available purchase
Product.
The comprehensive plant breeding model of rice-shrimp of the embodiment of the present invention-loach coupling cultural method and rice field is carried out specifically below
It is bright.
A kind of rice-shrimp provided in an embodiment of the present invention-loach couples cultural method comprising:
S1, in order to provide a good breeding environment to rice field, Procambius clarkii and loach, rice field surrounding is excavated,
It is arranged to irrigation canals and ditches, is allowed to form annular ditch, institute's earth excavation is used for heightening and consolidation rice field ridge.In annular ditch close to the one of major trunk roads
The cement letter pipe of the pre-buried diameter 0.5m in side, stacks in isosceles triangle, communicates annular ditch, while as tractor-ploughing channel, convenient for agricultural
Machinery disengaging and operation.In addition, the diagonal position in rice field is also respectively provided with water inlet and discharge outlet.
Further, towards collapsing in annular ditch, the width of annular ditch is set as 4.5-6m, sets deeply for ridge, field in order to prevent
Be set to 1.5-2m, slope ratio is set as 1:0.75, and the gross area of annular ditch accounts for the 10-15% of rice field entire area.
Further, in order to meet the actual demand of irrigation of paddy fields water, rice field is arranged in the position of above-mentioned water inlet
Southwestern face, discharge outlet is set to the opposite Tian Jiao of rice field water inlet, and water inlet proposes diversion mode using machine.It needs to illustrate
It is that it is first 10m with 20 one area of mesh mesh sheet enclosure at diversion pumping hole that fish-egg and harmful organisms, which enter rice field, in order to prevent2's
Filtering foreign area, then with 40 mesh sieve tulles enclosure, one area 5m in filtering foreign area2Small-sized net cage, primer pump is placed in small net
In case, water inlet pipe mouth extends and makes somebody a mere figurehead on the annular ditch of rice field；Discharge outlet is built into exhausting using masonry cement, and exhausting is arranged
There is the double-deck fish screen.In addition, Procambius clarkii and loach flight, the ridge surrounding in rice field are additionally provided with anti-escape block in order to prevent
Net.
S2, Dry Breeding Seedlings are planted in wait cultivate in rice field；It is 30-35g/ tail by specification, female-male proportion is the kirschner of 2:1
Former crayfish seed is as parent, according to 18-30kg/667m2Injected volume is launched wait cultivate in rice field, and by specification be 7-
The loach fry of 10g/ tail is according to 9.5kg/667m2Injected volume launch and cultivated wait cultivate in rice field；Wherein, in kirschner
Former crayfish seed and loach fry growth wheat bran early period, third powder and dregs of beans are fed, and the intermediary and later stages, manually mixed feed carried out
It feeds, povidone iodine disease preventing and treating is used during cultivation, and carry out patrolling field simultaneously and drive enemy.It should be noted that mud fish fry
The kind release time is annual October 12, and kind is Misgurnus auguillicaudatus.
Further, the dispensing standard that above-mentioned Procambius clarkii seed is launched as first time parent, cultivation circulation to be formed
Afterwards, it does not need specially to launch Procambius clarkii seed, seed is made of the seed that the parent in the rice field breeds.Wherein, this
In a little parents, some derives from other rice fields exchanged as parent.In addition, it is necessary to which explanation, is carrying out mud fish fry
When kind is launched, loach fry is to use open container Transportation, and haulage time was maintained within 0.5 hour；Or it adopts
It is transported with the band water oxygenation of mud dragon bag, and haulage time was maintained within 12 hours.And slow temperature need to be carried out when launching loach to it
Processing, in order to which loach fry adapts to the transition of new environment.
Further, in order to advanced optimize the growing environments of Dry Breeding Seedlings, Procambius clarkii seed and loach fry,
After launching Procambius clarkii seed and loach fry, it is also necessary to be purged to the wild fishes in rice field, specifically by rice field
Water level slowly drains, and exposes field face and annular ditch bottom, and the artificial wild fishes removed in rice field keep annular ditch without ponding 5- later
7 days, the new water of filling is refiltered, water flooding field face 30-40cm is made；In addition, water plant except cross have the function of purifying water in addition to, more
It is important that it can provide shell sheltered situation to Procambius clarkii convenient for its normal life and breeding, and also can to gram
Crayfish provides natural bait source, and therefore, the present embodiment has carried out the transplanting of water plant also in rice field, is particularly carrying out
Wild fishes remove while, embark on journey into rice field surface and annular ditch and transplant waterweed, and is parallel with rice field long side, in order to gram
Crayfish, loach fishing when cage setting and into draining when water flow it is unimpeded.
Further, when planting of paddy is carried out before launching seed every year, the present embodiment is carried out using rich formula seed-sowing machine
Seed rice Mechanical direct sowing.Specifically are as follows: paddy kind first slowly reduces the water level in rice field before live streaming, makes Procambius clarkii, loach
Into annular ditch, expose field face, and the waterweed that field face is transplanted is pulled up in investment annular ditch, then field face is connected with annular ditch
The small ridge together has manually been built at place, and mud enters field ditch when preventing mechanical whole field.It is emphasized that the kind of above-mentioned paddy is
The conventional evening bright rice of Huang Huazhan single cropping, the kind lodging resistance and tillering ability are stronger, and stalk is more tough and tensile, and the ripe phase is more early, good grain quality, and
It is broadcast live and plants in 20 days or so annual June, on November 2 or so was gathered in.It should be noted that in other embodiments
In, be not limited in a kind of conventional evening bright this kind of rice of Huang Huazhan single cropping of the present embodiment introduction, can also be other late rices or
Semilate rice, for example, the kinds such as the excellent China of c two accounts for, C two excellent 343.
Further, it in order to guarantee paddy, Procambius clarkii and loach normal growth, needs to carry out daily pipe to it
Reason.Wherein, it in the management of rice field, needs before planting Dry Breeding Seedlings, base manure is used sufficient based on farmyard manure, grown in Dry Breeding Seedlings
It is middle that top dressing is carried out using fragment method；Water in field management aspect evens field and field out after Dry Breeding Seedlings grow to 10-15cm in time
The small ridge between ditch, and fill water in field in due course, allows Procambius clarkii and loach to enter rice field activity and look for food, and when dry field will also infuse
Meaning suitably supplements new water filling water in field into field ditch daily；In terms of paddy disease prevention and cure, need that weather condition and drought is combined to educate
The growing state of rice shoot is administered it, specifically, deepens water level in paddy field in paddy spray, spray date need to select the fine day morning
It carries out, nozzle is upward when spraying, and sprayed object is high-efficiency low-toxicity biological agent.In addition, in the cultivation of Procambius clarkii and loach
In management, Procambius clarkii allows its self-copulation spawning and hatching, does not have to excessive manual intervention, and water level uses gradual intensification water
Position, until second year mid-June, water level in paddy field are maintained between the 40-60cm of field face；In terms of feedstuff feeding, kirschner is being carried out
The second year early March of former crayfish and loach breeding, daytime, water temperature rose to 18 DEG C, started to the field face upslide close to annular ditch
Wheat bran, third powder and the dregs of beans that crushed that Procambius clarkii, loach can ingest are spread, every the 1-2 days throwing amounts of spreading in 10-
15kg/667m2, until late April starts to feed the Procambius clarkii artifical compound feed of protein content 28-30%, loach is not
Exclusively carry out feedstuff feeding.It is even in order to sprinkle artifical compound feed throwing, efficiency of feed utilization is improved, artifical compound feed is being used
When being fed to Procambius clarkii, full field is carried out using the mobile device for feeding fish bait of energy storage type and is fed.
Further, comprehensive for the common hickie of Procambius clarkii in terms of carrying out disease prevention and cure to Procambius clarkii
Sign, the control method of use are as follows: the full field of povidone iodine that concentration is 0.3-0.5mg/L to be splashed, interval reuses once for 2 days,
Meanwhile adding 1% garlic to add 2% swap buffers with 0.2% vitamin C, it is sprayed on feed after being dissolved in water with sprayer and is continuously thrown
It feeds 5 days.In addition, anti-escape anti-evil is also the important content for managing Procambius clarkii and loach comprising: adhere to patrolling field in the morning, afternoon and evening,
It checks the filter screen of water inlet and the fish blocking fence of discharge outlet, pays attention to during heavy rain anti-escape；Using firecrackers drive snake, aquatic bird or
Assigning on the ridge in cultivation rice field is the bamboo pole for having waste disk, utilizes CD pendular reflex sunlight (photochromic color change with the wind
It is unreal), aquatic bird is frightened, to achieve the purpose that drive away harmful organisms.
S3, after Procambius clarkii seed and loach fry grow up, meet the specification mark of commodity Procambius clarkii and loach
After standard, fishing time is formulated according to needs of production, first catches loach early period, mid-term catches Procambius clarkii and mud simultaneously
Loach, later period catch Procambius clarkii again.It should be noted that May 10 to the June 25 that loach is generally annual when fishing
Day, Procambius clarkii fishing time is June 5 to July 15.
Further, to after growing up Procambius clarkii and loach catch when, be different by being provided with mesh specification
What cage carried out by stages.The different cage of above-mentioned mesh specification is divided into two kinds, the first cage be common cage, mesh 4cm,
The Procambius clarkii of the big specification of harvesting, loach can smoothly drill-through mesh and avoid blocking；Second of cage is that one kind specially will
The breeding loach equipment isolated with Procambius clarkii fishing, by a floating opening small-sized net cage, both ends bottom connects two long 5m
The cage composition of left and right, mesh 2cm, Procambius clarkii and loach enter intermediate open small-sized net cage by both ends cage
Afterwards, Procambius clarkii can climb out of along small-sized net cage upper end, and loach then concentrates in small-sized net cage.Specifically catch process are as follows: start
It is carried out when catching loach only with second of cage；When mid-term Procambius clarkii and loach are caught simultaneously, net is added in rice field
The Procambius clarkii of the first big specification of cage harvesting of mesh 4cm；After later period loach is caught, all use mesh 2cm's instead
Second of cage concentrates harvesting to stay the Procambius clarkii in field.It should be noted that before seed rice live streaming, two kinds of fishing cages point
It is casually arranged with and is placed in rice field surface and annular ditch, after seed rice live streaming, the cage of rice field surface is placed in annular ditch and carries out harvesting, until
Stopping on July 15 fishing, stays the Procambius clarkii in field as next culture-cycle parent.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of comprehensive plant breeding model in rice field comprising above-mentioned rice-shrimp-loach couples cultivation side
Method, the comprehensive plant breeding model in new rice field constituted using above-mentioned rice-shrimp-loach coupling cultural method, enriches rice field collective species
The mode of supporting can be improved the comprehensive utilization ratio in rice field, and then increase rice-fishing coupling cultivation economic benefit.It should be noted that
The comprehensive plant breeding model in the rice field that the embodiment of the present invention is introduced, takes full advantage of the growth cycle feature of late rice, extends kirschner
The culturing time of former crayfish and loach, and then improve the commercial specification and cultured output of Procambius clarkii；And it is directed to kirschner
The growth cycle feature and listing specification of former crayfish, loach are caught using to rice field transplanting water plant and using different modes
Mode, the loss of commodity loach is also avoided while reducing feed cost.
Feature and performance of the invention are described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of rice-shrimp-loach to couple cultural method, specifically:
Due to the present embodiment rice-shrimp-loach coupling cultural method can annual cyclic culture, supported at upper 1 year
On the basis of growing, start whole field June 19 this year, seed rice Mechanical direct sowing was carried out using rich formula seed-sowing machine in 20.Wherein, whole field mistake
It is 4hm that Cheng Zhong, which is by the gross area,2(1hm2=1 hectare=10000m2) rice field surrounding excavated, form it into annular ditch,
The width of annular ditch is 5m, depth 1.8m, slope ratio are 1:0.75, and the gross area of annular ditch is 0.48hm2, account for rice field entire area
12%, institute's earth excavation is used to heightening and consolidation rice field ridge.In annular ditch close to the cement of the pre-buried diameter 0.5m in the side of major trunk roads
Letter pipe, stacks in isosceles triangle, communicates annular ditch, while as tractor-ploughing channel.
In addition, water inlet is arranged in the southwestern face in rice field, discharge outlet is arranged in northeast face.Water inlet mentions diversion side using machine
Formula.It with 20 one area of mesh mesh sheet enclosure is first 10m at diversion pumping hole2Filtering foreign area, then with 40 in filtering foreign area
One area 5m of mesh sieve tulles enclosure2Small-sized net cage, primer pump is placed in small-sized net cage, and water inlet pipe mouth extends and makes somebody a mere figurehead in rice field ring
On shape ditch；Discharge outlet is built into exhausting and is provided with the double-deck fish screen using masonry cement；It is installed along rice field ridge surrounding anti-escape
Block.
When progress seed rice Mechanical direct sowing on June 20 this year, rice variety used is the conventional evening bright rice of Huang Huazhan single cropping.Seed rice
Before live streaming, the water level in rice field is first slowly reduced, the Procambius clarkii of cultivation in 1 year, loach is made to enter annular ditch, exposes field
Face, and the waterweed that field upper one year face is transplanted is pulled up in investment annular ditch, then field face and annular ditch connecting place are manually built
The small ridge together.
To the Procambius clarkii of cultivation upper one year and loach after fishing on July 16 this year, the October 12 of Yu Bennian
Start the dispensing of this year loach day, the specification of dispensing is 7-10g/ tail, and gross weight 570kg, loach is using open container band water transport
Defeated, haulage time 0.5 hour, loach seedlings carried out slow temperature processing and according to 142.5kg/hm when launching2Injected volume launched.Its
In, the Procambius clarkii seed in this year is not launched specially, and seed is made of the seed that parent in the rice field breeds, and these are close
There is 320kg to derive from other rice fields exchanged as parent in this, specification is 30~35g/ tail, female-male proportion approximation 2:1.
On the December in this year 22 water level in paddy field is slowly drained, exposes field face and annular ditch bottom, it is artificial to remove in rice field
Wild fishes keep annular ditch without ponding 7 days later, refilter the new water of filling, make water flooding field face 40cm.
The chance of wild fishes, transplanting of embarking on journey into rice field surface and annular ditch are removed in conjunction with rice field on the December in this year 25
Waterweed, it is parallel with rice field long side.
In addition, between the 20-11 month 2 June in this year, there is a continuing need for the rice fields to this year to be managed.Firstly, fertilising
Aspect, rice field are used sufficient base manure before tractor-ploughing and seed rice live streaming, based on farmyard manure, are carried out when spraying fertilizer using fragment method；Secondly,
In terms of Guan Shui, after growing to 12cm from rice shoot, the small ridge between field and field ditch is evened out in time, and fill water in field in due course, allow gram
Crayfish and loach enter rice field activity and look for food, it is noted that suitably supplementing new water into field ditch daily when dry field；Finally,
Application aspect, it is biological agent " health is wide " that paddy, which sprays drug, and when spray deepens water level in paddy field, and spray date is the fine day morning
It carries out, nozzle is upward when spraying.In addition to the management of the rice field of above-mentioned introduction, other daily managements mission manage phase with common late rice
Together.
The Procambius clarkii breeding and loach breeding management in this year include four aspects: first, the breeding of Procambius clarkii
Management only need to allow its self-copulation spawning and hatching, not have to excessive manual intervention.Gradual intensification water level, second year mid-June, rice
Water in field position is maintained between the 45-55cm of field face, while without carrying out water level regulation when the dispensing of loach fry in October in this year；The
Two, feedstuff feeding.Since second year early March, when daytime, water temperature rose to 18 DEG C, start on the field face of annular ditch
Wheat bran, third powder and the dregs of beans that crushed are spread in throwing, every 1.5 days throwing amounts of spreading in 22kg/hm2, until second year late April starts
The Procambius clarkii artifical compound feed of protein content 29% is fed using the mobile full field of device for feeding fish bait of energy storage type, is thrown during this altogether
Feed wheat bran, third powder and dregs of beans 1500kg, mixed feed 4000kg；Third, disease prevention and cure.It is comprehensive for the hickie of Procambius clarkii
Simulator sickness, the control method of use are as follows: the full field of povidone iodine that concentration is 0.4mg/L is splashed, interval reuses once, together for 2 days
When, add 1% garlic to add 2% swap buffers with 0.2% vitamin C, is sprayed on feed after being dissolved in water with sprayer and continuously feeds 5
It；4th, anti-escape anti-evil.Adhere to patrolling field in the morning, afternoon and evening, the filter screen of water inlet and the fish blocking fence of discharge outlet is checked, in great pluvial
Between pay attention to it is anti-escape；Driven using firecrackers and to assign be the bamboo pole for having waste disk on the ridge in cultivation rice field, using CD with
Wind pendular reflex sunlight (light colors changing hue) forms the modes such as scaring to aquatic bird and drives away the harmful organisms such as snake, aquatic bird.
The May 12 of second year catches loach on 24th to June, June 4 to July 16 to Procambius clarkii into
Row fishing.Specific fishing process is: it started with the cage that mesh is 2cm on May 12 and loach is caught, on June 4-6
The common cage that mesh is 4cm and the cage that mesh is 2cm are used in combination during months 24 days to loach and Procambius clarkii simultaneously
It is caught, 25-July 16 June all uses the cage of mesh 2cm instead, and harvesting is concentrated to stay the Procambius clarkii in field.In addition,
It is caught to stopping on July 16, stays the Procambius clarkii in field as next culture-cycle parent.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of comprehensive plant breeding model in rice field, and it makes use of rice-shrimps-that the present embodiment is introduced
Loach couples cultural method.
Test example
In order to be verified to economic benefit brought by semilate rice-shrimp-loach of embodiment of the present invention coupling cultural method, this hair
The bright method for having chosen embodiment 1 is special in the cultivation of the four branch village Qi Ling Honghu City natural resources fish soft-shelled turtle of Hubei Province, Datong District lake, Honghu City farm
Industry cooperative society has chosen 4hm2Experimental plot tested, result is as follows:
Rice yield: 4hm2Late paddy 30210kg, average per unit area yield 7552.5kg/hm are received altogether in rice field2, slightly below local late rice is flat
Equal per unit area yield 7950kg/hm2, this is related with shared by the annular ditch excavated in rice field 12% area, therefore the operation of paddy is not counted
Enter the accounting of this test example.
Procambius clarkii, loach yield and sales situation: harvesting Procambius clarkii 5516kg altogether, according to commercial sized prawn specification and
Sale fluctuation every time, price is between 16-40 member/kg；Harvesting loach 1860kg altogether, according to commercial specification and each sale
Fluctuation, price is between 28-44 member/kg.Specific harvesting quantity and sales situation are shown in Table 1.
The yield and production and marketing situation of cultivation gained Procambius clarkii and loach in 1 test example of table
Rice-shrimp-loach coupling aquaculture cost is calculated: rice-shrimp-loach coupling cultivation cost mainly has seed expense, traffic expense, feeding
Material takes, drug expense and water power, tool etc., and specific aquaculture cost is shown in Table 2.
Aquaculture cost is calculated in 2 test example of table
Note: because Procambius clarkii is the parent reserved a upper culture-cycle, therefore seed cost is not calculated, only calculate parent
The freight of exchange.
Rice-shrimp-loach couples economic benefit of aquaculture: cultivation net profit be commercial sized prawn, loach income from sales subtract seed, feed,
Transport, drug etc., 80064 yuan of the total expenditures such as seed, feed, water power, drug in breeding process, Procambius clarkii, loach commodity
243472 yuan of income from sales, 163408 yuan of net profit, 40852 yuan/hm of average profit2.Economic benefit of aquaculture is shown in Table 3.
3 test example semilate rice-shrimp-loach of table couples economic benefit of aquaculture situation
As can be seen from Table 1, the Procambius clarkii yield 5516kg of this test example cultivation, average 1379kg/hm2, with list
The yield for solely carrying out Procambius clarkii when " rice-shrimp " coupling cultivation is slightly lower, loach yield 1860kg, average 465kg/hm2, the two
Total output 7376kg, average 1844kg/hm2, illustrate in rice-shrimp-loach coupling breeding process, although the two feeding habits have part weight
It is folded, but rice field productivity still is able to meet the growth demand of the two.Therefore, as long as controlling loach fry injected volume and cultivation
Management, can obtain the commodity loach yield in addition to Procambius clarkii.
In conjunction with table 2 and table 3, it is found that for semilate rice-shrimp coupling cultural technique in compared with the existing technology, use
Late rice-shrimp-loach couples cultural method, and the cultivation phase of Procambius clarkii, loach is extended 20-30 days, promotion gram is not only conducive to
Crayfish, loach commercial specification, and can be improved the economic benefit of cultivation.
In conclusion rice-shrimp of the embodiment of the present invention-loach couples cultural method, water plant is transplanted using rice field free time
Equal bait source reduces the feeding volume of man-made feeds, while the cycle characteristics of the plantation using paddy, especially late rice, extends
The culturing time of catches (mainly Procambius clarkii) promotes the commercial specification and cultured output of Procambius clarkii；For gram
Crayfish, the listing specification of loach and growth cycle feature, are caught in different ways, avoid the damage of commodity loach
Consumption, improves rice field comprehensive utilization ratio.The method is the primary innovation of the comprehensive plant breeding model in rice field, has certain popularization and application
Value.
Embodiments described above is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Reality of the invention
The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the range of claimed invention, but is merely representative of selected implementation of the invention
Example.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Every other embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of rice-shrimp-loach couples cultural method, characterized in that it comprises:
In rice field, irrigation canals and ditches are arranged in surrounding, annular ditch are formed, in the annular ditch close to the pre-buried letter pipe in the side of major trunk roads and in institute
The diagonal position for stating rice field is respectively arranged with water inlet and discharge outlet, and fish screen is arranged in the discharge outlet, is formed wait cultivate
Rice field；
Dry Breeding Seedlings are planted in described wait cultivate in rice field；It is 30-35g/ tail by specification, the kirschner that female-male proportion is 2:1 is former
Crayfish is as parent, according to 18-30kg/667m2Injected volume launch it is described wait cultivate in rice field, after cultivation to be formed recycles,
It does not need specially to launch Procambius clarkii seed；And by specification be 7-10g/ tail loach fry according to 9.5kg/667m2's
Injected volume is cultivated described in launching wait cultivate in rice field；Wherein, in the Procambius clarkii seed and the loach fry
It grows wheat bran early period, third powder and dregs of beans to feed, the intermediary and later stages, manually mixed feed was fed, using poly- during cultivation
Ketone iodine disease preventing and treating is tieed up, and carries out patrolling field simultaneously and drives enemy；
After the Procambius clarkii seed and the loach fry grow up, loach is caught early period, mid-term catches kirschner original simultaneously
Crayfish and loach, later period catch Procambius clarkii；
Wherein, the loach fry release time is annual October 12, and loach fishing is annual May 10 to June 25, gram
Crayfish fishing time is June 5 to July 15, and stopping on July 15 fishing stays the Procambius clarkii in field to support as next
Grow period parent.
2. rice-shrimp according to claim 1-loach couples cultural method, which is characterized in that the wide 4.5- of the annular ditch
6m, depth 1.5-2m, slope ratio 1:0.75, and the gross area of the annular ditch accounts for the 10-15% of the rice field entire area.
3. rice-shrimp according to claim 1-loach couples cultural method, which is characterized in that be used in water inlet setting
Prevent fish-egg and harmful organisms from entering the filter device in the rice field；Ridge surrounding in the rice field is arranged for preventing kirschner
The anti-escape block of former crayfish and loach flight.
4. rice-shrimp according to claim 1-3-loach couples cultural method, which is characterized in that launching described gram
After crayfish seed and the loach fry, carries out wild fishes and remove and water plant transplanting.
5. rice-shrimp according to claim 4-loach couples cultural method, which is characterized in that the Dry Breeding Seedlings are semilate rice drought
Seedling raising or Dry Raising Method of Late Rice Seedlings seedling.
6. rice-shrimp according to claim 4-loach couples cultural method, which is characterized in that before planting the Dry Breeding Seedlings,
Base manure is used sufficient to the rice field to be cultivated, carries out top dressing in the Dry Breeding Seedlings growth；The Dry Breeding Seedlings grow to 10-15cm
Afterwards, water in field is filled, Procambius clarkii and loach in growth is made to enter the rice field activity and look for food；In conjunction with weather condition and institute
The growing state for stating Dry Breeding Seedlings is administered paddy.
7. rice-shrimp according to claim 4-loach couples cultural method, which is characterized in that the water plant is waterweed.
8. rice-shrimp according to claim 1-3-loach couples cultural method, which is characterized in that using described artificial
When mixed feed feeds the Procambius clarkii seed, full field is carried out using the mobile device for feeding fish bait of energy storage type and is fed.
9. rice-shrimp according to claim 1-3-loach couples cultural method, which is characterized in that use the poly- dimension
When ketone iodine disease preventing and treating, also while it being used cooperatively vitamin C, garlic and swap buffers.
10. a kind of comprehensive plant breeding model in rice field, which is characterized in that it includes rice-shrimp described in claim 1-loach coupling cultivation
Method.
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| CN111771791A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-10-16 | 徐州市水产技术推广站 | Method for ecologically breeding crayfishes in rice field |
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