CN106508744B - A kind of feeding method of company of two ponds mating seed self-fertile cray and mandarin fish - Google Patents
A kind of feeding method of company of two ponds mating seed self-fertile cray and mandarin fish Download PDFInfo
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- CN106508744B CN106508744B CN201610963841.1A CN201610963841A CN106508744B CN 106508744 B CN106508744 B CN 106508744B CN 201610963841 A CN201610963841 A CN 201610963841A CN 106508744 B CN106508744 B CN 106508744B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses the companies of a kind of mating seed self-fertile cray in two ponds and mandarin fish to support method, includes the following steps: 1, pond condition: 2, the processing in pond；3, the cultivation of cray；4, the fishing of cray；5, blueness is flooded；6, the cultivation of mandarin fish.This method fills the cultivation feature using cray, mandarin fish, reasonable arrangement cultivates the phase, improve environment by plantation higher plant and bait is provided, the 3-6 month cultivates cray, the 7-12 month cultivates mandarin fish, cray nursery and mandarin fish nurture of fish fingerlings are carried out simultaneously, the utilization efficiency and economic benefit in pond is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to a kind of mating seed self-fertile cray in two ponds and mandarin fish
Even support method.
Background technique
For a long time, large fish price is not high always, improves pond per unit area yield to increase pond culture economic benefit,
Cause to put into a large amount of feeds and drug, environment and aquatic product quality are on the hazard.Cray (Procambius clarkii), mandarin fish meat flavour
It is delicious, full of nutrition, it is loved by consumers.Cray belongs to bottom and dwells crustacean, with shell and the habit killed and devour mutually,
Pond is specially supported yield and is difficult to improve, low to the utilization rate in pond, therefore its product is mainly from paddy field aquaculture, pond culture compared with
It is few；Mandarin fish pond is specially supported, 1 mu of feeding mandarin fish pond, mating 4 mu or so bait fish ponds, and because mandarin fish cultivation density is big, disease is more,
Often because of mortality caused by disease, cause to lose money.Therefore, it is badly in need of exploring the pond culture new model of efficient and healthful.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of mating seed self-fertile cray in two ponds with
Method is supported by the company of mandarin fish, and this method fills the cultivation feature using cray, mandarin fish, and reasonable arrangement cultivates the phase, high by planting
Plant improves environment and provides bait, cultivates cray the 3-6 month, cultivates mandarin fish the 7-12 month, while carrying out cray nursery and mandarin fish
The utilization efficiency and economic benefit in pond is greatly improved in nurture of fish fingerlings.
Realize technical solution used by above-mentioned purpose of the present invention are as follows:
A kind of feeding method of company of two ponds mating seed self-fertile cray and mandarin fish, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
1, pond condition:
1-1, water source and water quality:
Selection is had abundant water resources, water quality is excellent, nearby without the pond polluted and water retention property is good, and pond water quality meets
The requirement of GB11607 water quality standard for fishery and NY5051 pollution-free food aquiculture fresh water water quality；
1-2, soil and environment:
The pond ridge is solid, and pond ridge soil is loam or clay, and for bottom of pond silt depth at 25-35 centimetres, pond environment meets nothing
Public hazards aquatic products home environment requires GB/T18407.4；
1-3, area and number:
The big pond that 1 area is 10-20 mus, is labeled as the pond A, and the little pond that 1 area is 3-6 mus is labeled as the pond B
The pool；
2, the processing in pond:
2-1, bottom of pond disinfection:
The pool is shone after the end of the year in the first year does pond in the pond A, and the beginning of spring is carried out disinfection with quick lime, and the dosage of quick lime is 50-75 public
Pound/acre；
2-2, anti-escape measure:
A circle escaping-preventing facilities are respectively mounted in the pond A and the pond B pond ridge surrounding, are respectively provided at the discharge outlet in the pond A and the pond B
Anti-escape mesh sheet；
2-3, bottom of pond kind are green:
Current year by the end of March to the Ching Ming Festival during, the pond A bottom of pond moisten mud on sow eyebright, application rate is per acre
1.0-2.0 kilogram；
3, the cultivation of cray:
The breeding of 3-1, shrimp seedling
3-1-1, close shrimp are put in a suitable place to breed:
Late July in the first year after after the pond B, mandarin fish fingerling has been caught, is cleaned up the pond disinfection with tea cake, and the dosage of tea cake is 25-35
Kg/acre, disinfection keeps 20-30 centimetres of the depth of water after a week, and bottom of pond plants waterweed, hydrilla verticillata, and planting density is 3 plants -- and 5
Every square metre of strain, along the floating plant water peanut of the pond B surrounding, every 5 meters or so are fixed a water peanut with bamboo pole；
The first year, to selecting at the beginning of September, appendage was complete, not damaged, disease-free, physically fit and weight is greater than 25 grams by the end of August
Close shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed into the pond B, female-male proportion 3:1, and breeding density is 20-30 kgs/acre；
The daily management of 3-1-2, close shrimp:
3-1-2-1, feed are fed:
After close shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed, every afternoon, 5-6 point along pond side shoal fed 1 farmers''s feed or cray Special artificial
Mixed feed, the mass percentage of crude protein is 28%-30% in cray artifical compound feed, farmers''s feed be bean dregs,
One of grouts, wheat bran and rice bran, or any several combination, farmers''s feed and cray Special artificial mixed feed every
Its alternating is fed, and feeding volume is the 2%-5% for depositing shrimp total amount, when water temperature is lower than 10 DEG C, does not feed feed, March current year with
Afterwards, when water temperature is higher than 10 DEG C, start to feed；
3-1-2-2, other management
Sooner or later patrol pond, observe change of water quality, holdings water transparency is 30-40cm, the new water of water transparency filling with
The method of fertilising is regulated and controled；
First year September-November and March current year, monthly in the pond B, shoal applies 50-100 kgs/acre of decomposed farmyard manure；
Add water into the pond B November in the first year to December, keeps depth of water 30-50cm, later with the decline of temperature, gradually
Deepen water level to 50cm-60cm, in March current year, controls water temperature when water temperature is gone up with the method for adjusting the depth of water, when fine day, pond
The pool depth of water keeps 30-50cm, rainy days or cold snap, and the pond depth of water keeps 55-65cm；
The fishing of 3-1-3 shrimp seedling
First arrival the first tenday period of a month in May April current year, with fishing the pond B in shrimp seedling, for the cultivation and sale at shrimp.
3-2, the cultivation at shrimp:
3-2-1, shrimp seedling are put in a suitable place to breed:
The pond A puts the 1/5-2/5 that the last week adds water to pond depth in a suitable place to breed in shrimp seedling, but is no more than the height of eyebright, shrimp
The specification of seedling be 100-200 tail/kilogram, breeding density be 25-35 kgs/acre；
3-1-2, daily management:
3-1-2-1, feed are fed:
After shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, animal fodder or farmers''s feed or cray Special artificial mixed feed, animality are thrown daily
Feed is trash fish and/or spiral shell freshwater mussel meat, and the amount percentage composition of thick protein is 28%-30%, agriculture in cray artifical compound feed
Family's feed is one of bean dregs, grouts, wheat bran and rice bran, or any several combination, animal fodder, farmers''s feed and
Cray Special artificial mixed feed is alternately fed every other day, and feeding volume is the 4%-6% for depositing shrimp total amount, feeds 2 times, feeds daily
Time is respectively morning, dusk, and the feeding volume of dusk is the 65%-75% of day feeding volume；
3-1-2-2, other management:
Shrimp seedling will keep water quality in the pond A pure and fresh after putting in a suitable place to breed, holding water quality transparency is 30-40cm, when water quality is excessively clear
It is thin, i.e., when water quality transparency is greater than 50cm, applies fertilizer 1-2 times, apply 3-5 kgs/acre of urea every time, 3-5 kgs/acre of phosphate fertilizer, every
It applies fertilizer 1 time within 7-10 days, when water quality overfertilization, i.e., when transparency is less than 25cm, fresh water regulating water quality should be injected immediately；
In spring current year, depth of water control cannot flood eyebright in the height for being lower than eyebright in the pond A；
4, the fishing of cray:
After shrimp seedling puts 30-40 days in a suitable place to breed, start Catchable size and listed up to 8 centimetres or more at shrimp, when fishing catch greatly stay it is small, 7
It catches and finishes before the middle of the month；
5, blueness is flooded
Water level is added water in the pond A weekly and increases 5-10 centimetres April current year, but water cannot flood completely it is small
Spartina, current year is by the end of June, at the end of cray fishing at the beginning of 7 months, increase water level to flooding eyebright completely；
6, the cultivation of mandarin fish:
The cultivation of 6-1, mandarin fish fingerling:
The cultivation of 6-1-1, bait fish:
In the pond B, to fishing for young shrimps after, carried out disinfection with quick lime, the dosage of quick lime is 50-60 kilograms/every
Mu, organic fertilizer after one week, amount of application are 200-300 kgs/acre, put dace spray, breeding density in a suitable place to breed mid-May current year
For ten thousand tails of 200-300/mu, soya-bean milk is fed after putting in a suitable place to breed, the daily dosage of soya bean is 5-8 kgs/acre, is fed daily twice, morning 9-
10 points, afternoon, 2-3 point was respectively fed once；When it is 2-3cm that dace spray, which grows up to specification, it is smashed to feed dace pellet
Powder.
6-1-2, mandarin fish fingerling stocking
Early or mid June current year, stocking size is the mandarin fish fingerling of 3-5cm, breeding density 1200-1500 in the pond B
Tail/mu, the mandarin fish fingerling put in a suitable place to breed are food with dace fry, and the quantity of dace fry significantly reduces after 10-15 days, later every 3
It is put into the pond B from a dace fry is caught in the pond A for the predation of mandarin fish fingerling, and the dace quantity caught every time is the pond B
10-15 times of middle mandarin fish quantity；
6-2, mandarin fish are formed:
The cultivation of 6-2-1, bait fish:
Early or mid May current year puts dace spray in a suitable place to breed in the pond A, and breeding density is ten thousand tails of 110-120/mu, throws after putting in a suitable place to breed
Soya-bean milk is fed, the daily dosage of soya bean is 4-5 kgs/acre, is fed daily twice, morning 9-10 point, and afternoon, 2-3 point was respectively fed once,
When it is 2-3cm that dace spray, which grows up to specification, the smashed powder of dace pellet is fed, dace spray grows up to specification and is greater than
When 5cm, the dace pellet that protein quality percentage composition is 26%-30% is fed；It feeds twice daily, morning 9-10
Point, afternoon, 2-3 point was respectively fed once, and feeding volume is the 3%-5% of all dace weight in pond.
6-2-2, mandarin fish fingerling are put in a suitable place to breed:
Mid or late July current year will put in a suitable place to breed in the pond A after the mandarin fish fingerling fishing in the pond B, and the specification of mandarin fish fingerling is
50-100 grams/fish, breeding density is 350-450 tail/mu；
The daily management that 6-3, mandarin fish cultivate:
6-3-1, water quality adjustment:
It is primary every the 7-10 days new water of filling after mandarin fish fingerling stocking in the pond B, it is filled to water level every time and increases 5-
10cm；The pond the B depth of water is set to keep 1.5-2m simultaneously, transparency is maintained at 35-40cm；
In the pond A, July current year, the pond the A depth of water is kept for 2 meters or more, and transparency is maintained at 35-40cm；
In the pond A, in the high temperature season of month current year 7-9, improvement water quality is carried out every 20 days full pool spilling head quick lime 1 time,
The amount of splashing is 20-30kg/ mus, and per two weeks supplements fresh water 1 time, is filled to water level every time and increases 15-20cm, pond configuration
The aerator that power is 2500-3000 watts, encounters fine day, and noon starts 1.5-2.5 hour of aerator, encounters overcast and rainy or low gas
Weather is pressed, midnight starts aerator until dawn sunrise；
6-3-2, controlling disease:
It is sub- with copper sulphate and sulfuric acid when trichodinasis occurs in mandarin fish fingerling in the mandarin fish nurture of fish fingerlings stage in the pond B
5: 2 mixture full pool spilling head of iron, the amount of splashing are 0.7mg/L water body, are used in conjunction two days；After copper sulphate and mixture of ferrous sulfate are splashed
Full pool spilling head povidone iodine in 1-2 days, in terms of available iodine, the amount of splashing is 4.5-7.5 milli grams m3, per primary micro- life of half a month use
Object preparation；
By regulating water quality in the pond A, disease does not occur；
The fishing of 6-4, mandarin fish:
After October current year, start to catch mandarin fish listing.
In step 2-2, the material of escaping-preventing facilities is plastic film or asbestos shingle.
In step 3-2-1, before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, shrimp seedling is embathed 3-5 minutes with the saline solution that mass percentage concentration is 3%,
It is eluted three times after the completion of embathing with the water in the pond A.
In step 3-2-1, when shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, the morning and evening of fine day or rainy days is selected to launch, and in phytal zone eyebright cyclopentadienyl
The region branch of Sheng is uniformly launched.
In step 3-1-2-2, it is also necessary to remove carnivority fish, prevent the natural enemy of cray from entering pond, be forbidden to use
The fish medicine preventing and curing of fish disease of cray sensitivity is forbidden to use ammonium hydroxide, carbon ammonia is eyebright top dressing.
In step 6-2-2,4-6 points are sterilized with the salt solution that mass percentage is 3% before mandarin fish nursery is put in a suitable place to breed
Clock.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention and effective it is:
1, mating by using the pond A, the pond B two ponds of size, kind blueness-shrimp-mandarin fish in the pond A is even supported, and grass is planted in the pond B and is cultivated
Cray shrimp seedling and cultivation mandarin fish fingerling are pool cultivated for A, and extra shrimp seedling can be sold, and solve cray shrimp seedling and big specification
The risk that outsourcing seed brings disease into is reduced, it is ensured that fry quality improves economic benefit of aquaculture in the source of mandarin fish kind.
2, in the pond A, early period plants green crop, puts cray in a suitable place to breed, and greenfeed provides bait and hidden for cray
Place puts dace in a suitable place to breed after cray fishing listing, and greenfeed can cultivate plankton, zoobenthos after rotting, as dace
Bait, then put mandarin fish in a suitable place to breed, dace preys on for mandarin fish.Greenfeed is planted by bottom of pond, puts dace in a suitable place to breed as mandarin fish with pond
Bait saves production cost, land resource, improves pond utilization rate, is the effective way for improving pond culture benefit.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail With reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of feeding method of company of two ponds mating seed self-fertile cray and mandarin fish, the steps include:
1, the selection of pond condition:
1-1, water source and water quality:
Selection is had abundant water resources, water quality is excellent, nearby without the pond polluted and water retention property is good, and pond water quality meets
The requirement of GB11607 water quality standard for fishery and NY5051 pollution-free food aquiculture fresh water water quality.
1-2, soil and environment:
The pond ridge is solid, and pond ridge soil is loam or clay, and for bottom of pond silt depth at 25-35 centimetres, pond environment meets nothing
Public hazards aquatic products home environment requires GB/T18407.4.
1-3, area and number:
The big pond that 1 area is 14 mu, is labeled as the pond A, and the little pond that 1 area is 6 mu is labeled as the pond B.
2, the processing in pond:
2-1, bottom of pond disinfection:
The end of the year in 2014 after pond is done in the pond A, shines the pool, and the beginning of spring in 2015 is carried out disinfection with quick lime, and the dosage of quick lime is
60 kgs/acre.
2-2, anti-escape measure:
In one circle escaping-preventing facilities of the pond A and the installation of the pond B pond ridge surrounding, escaping-preventing facilities construct with plastic film, the pond A and
The discharge outlet in the pond B is respectively provided with the anti-escape mesh sheet of 20 purposes.
2-3, bottom of pond kind are green:
Eyebright is sowed on the mud that the pond A bottom of pond moistens on March 20th, 2015, application rate is 2 kilograms per acre.
3, the cultivation of cray:
The breeding of 3-1, shrimp seedling:
3-1-1, close shrimp are put in a suitable place to breed:
It after after the pond B, mandarin fish fingerling has been caught, is cleaned up the pond disinfection with tea cake on July 20th, 2014, the dosage of tea cake is 30 public
Pound/acre, disinfection keeps 20-30 centimetres of the depth of water after a week, and bottom of pond plants waterweed, hydrilla verticillata, and planting density is 4 plants every square
Rice, along the floating plant water peanut of the pond B surrounding, every 5 meters or so are fixed a water peanut with bamboo pole；
September 20 days, select that appendage is complete, the close shrimp of not damaged, disease-free and physically fit weight greater than 25 grams is put in a suitable place to breed to B
In pond, female-male proportion 3:1, breeding density is 25 kgs/acre.
The daily management of 3-1-2, close shrimp:
The management of 3-1-2-1, feed:
After close shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed, every afternoon, 5-6 point along pond side shoal fed 1 farmers''s feed or cray Special artificial
Mixed feed, the mass percentage of crude protein is 28%-30% in cray artifical compound feed, farmers''s feed be bean dregs,
One of grouts, wheat bran and rice bran, or any several combination, farmers''s feed and cray Special artificial mixed feed every
Its alternating is fed, and feeding volume is the 2%-5% for depositing shrimp total amount.As the reduction of water temperature does not feed feeding when water temperature is lower than 10 DEG C
Material after in March, 2015, when water temperature is higher than 10 DEG C, starts to feed.
It should be noted that above-mentioned day feeding volume should be flexibly adjusted according to the situation of ingesting of weather, water quality and shrimp,
And the feed fed should meet the requirement of GB 13078 and NY5072.
3-1-2-2, other management:
In September, 2014-November and in March, 2015, monthly in the pond B, shoal applies 75 kgs/acre of decomposed farmyard manure；
Sooner or later pond is patrolled, the variation such as observation water quality, holding water transparency is 30-40cm, and water transparency fills new water
Regulated and controled with the method for fertilising.
In November, 2014 to December keeps depth of water 30-50cm into the pond B plus water, later with the decline of temperature, by
Gradually deepen water level to 40cm-60cm, in March, 2015, controls water temperature when water temperature is gone up with the method for adjusting the depth of water, when fine day,
The pond depth of water keeps 25-35cm, rainy days or cold snap, and the pond depth of water keeps 55-65cm, and when fine day has the sun, water can be shallow
A bit, the sun is allowed to shine water so that water temperature is gone up as early as possible；Rainy days or cold snap, water should be deep, in order to avoid water temperature drop.
The fishing of 3-1-3 shrimp seedling
First arrival the first tenday period of a month in May April current year catch the shrimp seedling in the pond B with pheretima, for putting in a suitable place to breed for the pond A, rest part pin
It sells, sells 280 kilograms of cray seedling.
3-2, the cultivation at shrimp:
3-2-1, shrimp seedling are put in a suitable place to breed:
After catching the shrimp seedling in the pond B, shrimp seedling is first embathed into 3-5 with the saline solution that mass percentage concentration is 3% by shrimp seedling
Minute, it should flexibly grasp depending on weather, temperature and shrimp body the degree of tolerance when embathing and embathe the time, the pond in the pond A is used after the completion of embathing
Water elutes three times, then puts down shrimp seedling gently the pond A phytal zone eyebright more place, allows it to be advanced into water certainly, the pond A
1/3 that the last week adds water to pond depth is put in a suitable place to breed in shrimp seedling, but is no more than the height of eyebright, and the specification of shrimp seedling is 180 tails/public affairs
Jin, breeding density are 35 kgs/acre.
It is certain it is noted that shrimp seedling quality, shrimp seedling stocking size are consistent as far as possible when shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed.
Launching shrimp seedling should not excessively concentrate, and answer branch uniformly to launch, avoid local water body severe depletion of oxygen, cray death by suffocation
It dies.
Release time should select to launch in morning and evening or rainy days, avoid the dispensing in strong sunlight and high temperature.
The daily management of 3-1-2, shrimp seedling:
The management of 3-1-2-1, feed:
After shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, due to the growth period for the eyebright that the growth period of cray is also exactly planted, a large amount of millet
Careless young crops not only provided a large amount of agreeable to the taste bait for cray, but for its provide it is good inhabit and foraging site, so only needing
It supplements and feeds a small amount of feed, cray can grow rapidly well.
It throws animal fodder or farmers''s feed daily or cray Special artificial mixed feed, animal fodder is trash fish
And/or spiral shell freshwater mussel meat, the amount percentage composition of thick protein is 28%-30% in cray artifical compound feed, and farmers''s feed is beans
One of slag, grouts, wheat bran and rice bran, or any several combination, animal fodder, farmers''s feed and cray are dedicated
Artifical compound feed is alternately fed every other day, and feeding volume is the 4%-6% for depositing shrimp total amount, is fed daily 2 times, and Feeding time is respectively
Morning, dusk, the feeding volume of dusk are the 65%-75% of day feeding volume；
The feeding of feed will adhere to that four see four fixed bait throwing in principles, and on the basis of each feeding volume is eaten up by 2h, bait throwing in needs to infuse
It anticipates weather, is thrown when fine more, high temperature is sultry, continuous rainy days or when water quality overrich throw less, and whens large quantities of lobster shells throws less, shell
It is afterwards to throw more.
3-1-2-2, other management:
Shrimp seedling will keep water quality in the pond A pure and fresh after putting in a suitable place to breed, holding water quality transparency is 30-40cm, when water quality is excessively clear
It is thin, i.e., when water quality transparency is greater than 50cm, applies fertilizer 1-2 times, apply 3-5 kgs/acre of urea every time, 3-5 kgs/acre of phosphate fertilizer, every
It applies fertilizer 1 time within 7-10 days, when water quality overfertilization, i.e., when transparency is less than 25cm, fresh water regulating water quality should be injected immediately.
Based on shallow water, the spring pond depth of water is controlled in 0.5-0.8m, lower than eyebright the pond water level of spring A in 2015
Highly, be conducive to water temperature raising in this way, promote the growth of the water plants such as eyebright, accelerate the degenerate cllipticity of lobster, with eyebright
It grows tall, gradually deepens to 1.2 meters of the depth of water.
Food sterilizes weekly 1 time around field, skims bait more than residue in time, in order to avoid rot, polluted-water.
After shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, the predacious fishes such as intercropping snakehead, catfish, mandarin fish are unable to, prevent the rigid shell of these fish predations
Cray；Prevent the natural enemy of mouse, water snake, various birds and aquatic bird, batrachia these crays from entering pond；It avoids using small
The fish medicines such as especially sensitive organic phosphorus, the Dalmatian chrysanthemum lipid of lobster prevent fish disease；Ammonium hydroxide and ammonium bicarbonate are forbidden to use as young crops top dressing.
4, the fishing of cray:
Due to food in abundance in the pond A, the shrimp seedling specification put in a suitable place to breed is larger, after shrimp seedling puts 30-40 days in a suitable place to breed, starts Catchable size
Up to 8 centimetres or more listed at shrimp, caught using the cylinder moulds class fishing gear such as cage, when fishing catch stay greatly it is small, it is continuous to catch,
It catches and finishes before on July 20th, 2015, it can be by cray recapture 80%-90% or more in pond, because of temperature after July 20
It is excessively high, flood green manure water and enter peak period, be unfavorable for cray in pond and survive, so kind should be put in year, caught for the year, cray is total
1800 kilograms, 128.6 kilograms of per mu yield are caught altogether.
5, blueness is flooded:
Water level is added water in the pond A weekly and increases 5-10 centimetres in April, 2015, as water level increases, but water is not
Eyebright can be flooded completely, and in mid-July, 2015, as eyebright grows tall, eyebright can grow to 2 meters, increase water level to flooding
Eyebright allows its rich water that rots to cultivate food organisms.
6, the cultivation of mandarin fish:
The cultivation of 6-1, mandarin fish fingerling:
The cultivation of 6-1-1, bait fish:
In the pond B, to fishing for young shrimps after, carried out disinfection with quick lime, the dosage of quick lime is 55 kilograms/per acre,
Organic fertilizer after one week, amount of application are 250 kgs/acre, on May 10th, 2015, put dace spray, breeding density 250 in a suitable place to breed
Ten thousand tails/mu, feed soya-bean milk after putting in a suitable place to breed, the daily dosage of soya bean is 40 kilograms, feed daily twice, morning 9-10 point, afternoon 2-3 point
It respectively feeds primary.When it is 2-3cm that dace spray, which grows up to specification, the smashed powder of dace pellet is fed.
6-1-2, mandarin fish fingerling stocking
On June 10th, 2015, stocking size is the mandarin fish fingerling of 3-5cm in the pond B, and breeding density is 1400 tails/mu,
The mandarin fish fingerling put in a suitable place to breed is food with dace fry, and the quantity of dace fry significantly reduces after 10-15 days, later every 3 days from the pond A
It catches a dace fry in the pool to be put into the pond B for mandarin fish nursery predation, the dace quantity caught every time is mandarin fish number in the pond B
12 times of amount.
6-2, mandarin fish are formed:
The cultivation of 6-2-1, bait fish:
Put dace spray in a suitable place to breed in the pond A on May 10th, 2015, breeding density is 1,140,000 tails/mu, feeds beans after putting in a suitable place to breed
Slurry, the daily dosage of soya bean are 60 kilograms, are fed daily twice, morning 9-10 point, afternoon, 2-3 point was respectively fed once.When dace water
Flower grows up to specification when being 2-3cm, feeds the smashed powder of dace pellet, when dace spray grows up to specification greater than 5cm, throws
Feed the dace pellet that protein quality percentage composition is 26%-30%；Feed twice daily, morning 9-10 point, afternoon 2-3
Point is respectively fed once, and feeding volume is the 3%-5% of all dace weight in pond.
It should be noted that above-mentioned day feeding volume should flexibly be adjusted according to the situation of ingesting of weather, water quality and dace
It is whole.
6-2-2, mandarin fish fingerling are put in a suitable place to breed:
It will be put in a suitable place to breed in the pond A after the mandarin fish fingerling fishing in the pond B on July 26th, 2015, the specification of mandarin fish fingerling is
50-100 grams/fish, breeding density is 450 tails/mu.Pay attention to keeping a length of mandarin fish fish length half of body or so of dace, otherwise mandarin fish
It can not prey on.
The daily management that 6-3, mandarin fish cultivate:
6-3-1, water quality adjustment:
It is primary every the 7-10 days new water of filling after mandarin fish fingerling stocking in the pond B, it is filled to water level every time and increases 5-
10cm；The pond the B depth of water is set to keep 2m or more simultaneously, transparency is maintained at 35-40cm；
In the pond A, in July, 2015, the pond the A depth of water is kept for 2 meters or more, and transparency is maintained at 35-40cm；
In the pond A, in the high temperature season of the 7-9 month, improvement water quality is carried out every 20 days full pool spilling head quick lime 1 time, is splashed
Amount is 30kg/ mus, and per two weeks supplements fresh water 1 time, is filled to water level every time and increases 15-20cm, pond configuration power is
3000 watts of aerator encounters fine day, and noon starts 2 hours of aerator, encounters wet weather or low pressure weather, midnight start increasing
Oxygen machine is until dawn sunrise.
6-3-2, controlling disease:
It is sub- with copper sulphate and sulfuric acid when trichodinasis occurs in mandarin fish fingerling in the mandarin fish nurture of fish fingerlings stage in the pond B
5: 2 mixture full pool spilling head of iron, the amount of splashing are 0.7mg/L water body, are used in conjunction two days；After copper sulphate and mixture of ferrous sulfate are splashed
(amount of splashing is 4.5-7.5 milli grams m to full pool spilling head povidone iodine in 1-2 days3, in terms of available iodine), per half a month uses primary light
Close the probiotics such as bacterium, bacillus subtilis (buying the microorganism formulation of regular producer's production in the market).
By regulating water quality in the pond A, disease does not occur substantially；
The fishing of 6-4, mandarin fish:
After in October, 2015, listing is caught according to market demand situation in real time.It draws in the net to catch with bottom, then drains pond
Water is captured using diddle-net, is put into clear water after capture and temporarily supports as early as possible, prevent hypoxia death.The end of the year does pond and catches commodity mandarin fish 3000
Kilogram, it is 600 grams/fish average.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of feeding method of company of two ponds mating seed self-fertile cray and mandarin fish, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
1-1, pond condition:
1-1-1, water source and water quality:
Selection is had abundant water resources, water quality is excellent, nearby without the pond polluted and water retention property is good, and pond water quality meets GB11607
The requirement of water quality standard for fishery and NY5051 pollution-free food aquiculture fresh water water quality；
1-1-2, soil and environment:
The pond ridge is solid, and pond ridge soil is loam or clay, and at 25-35 centimetres, pond environment meets nuisanceless bottom of pond silt depth
Aquatic products home environment requires GB/T18407.4；
1-1-3, area and number:
The big pond that 1 area is 10-20 mus, is labeled as the pond A, and the little pond that 1 area is 3-6 mus is labeled as the pond B；
The processing of 1-2, pond:
1-2-1, bottom of pond disinfection:
The pool pond Hou Shai will be done in the end of the year in the first year in the pond A, and the beginning of spring carries out disinfection with quick lime, and the dosage of quick lime is 50-75 kilograms/
Mu；
1-2-2, anti-escape measure:
A circle escaping-preventing facilities are respectively mounted in the pond A and the pond B pond ridge surrounding, are respectively provided at the discharge outlet in the pond A and the pond B anti-escape
Mesh sheet；
1-2-3, bottom of pond kind are green:
Current year by the end of March to the Ching Ming Festival during, the pond A bottom of pond moisten mud on sow eyebright, per acre application rate be 1.0-
2.0 kilogram；
The cultivation of 1-3, cray:
The breeding of 1-3-1, shrimp seedling
1-3-1-1, close shrimp are put in a suitable place to breed:
Late July in the first year after after the pond B, mandarin fish fingerling has been caught, is cleaned up the pond disinfection with tea cake, and the dosage of tea cake is 25-35 kilograms/
Mu, disinfection keep 20-30 centimetres of the depth of water after a week, and bottom of pond plants waterweed, hydrilla verticillata, and planting density is 3 plants -- and 5 plants are often put down
Square rice, along the floating plant water peanut of the pond B surrounding, every 5 meters or so are fixed a water peanut with bamboo pole；
The first year, to selecting at the beginning of September, appendage was complete, not damaged, disease-free, physically fit and weight is greater than 25 grams of close shrimp by the end of August
It puts in a suitable place to breed into the pond B, female-male proportion 3:1, breeding density is 20-30 kgs/acre；
The daily management of 1-3-1-2, close shrimp:
1-3-1-2-1, feed are fed:
After close shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed, every afternoon 5-6 point along pond side shoal feed 1 farmers''s feed or cray Special artificial cooperation
Feed, the mass percentage of crude protein is 28%-30% in cray artifical compound feed, farmers''s feed be bean dregs, grouts,
One of wheat bran and rice bran, or any several combination, farmers''s feed and cray Special artificial mixed feed are handed over every other day
For feeding, feeding volume is the 2%-5% for depositing shrimp total amount, when water temperature is lower than 10 DEG C, does not feed feed, after March current year, when
When water temperature is higher than 10 DEG C, start to feed；
1-3-1-2-2, other management
Sooner or later pond is patrolled, change of water quality is observed, holding water transparency is 30-40cm, and water transparency fills new water and fertilising
Method regulated and controled；
First year September-November and March current year, monthly in the pond B, shoal applies 50-100 kgs/acre of decomposed farmyard manure；
In November in the first year to December, into the pond B plus water, holding depth of water 30-50cm gradually deepen later with the decline of temperature
Water level is to 50cm-60cm, March current year, controls water temperature when water temperature is gone up with the method for adjusting the depth of water, when fine day, pond water
Deep to keep 30-50cm, rainy days or cold snap, the pond depth of water keeps 55-65cm；
The fishing of 1-3-1-3 shrimp seedling
First arrival the first tenday period of a month in May April current year catch the shrimp seedling in the pond B, for the cultivation and sale at shrimp；
1-3-2, the cultivation at shrimp:
1-3-2-1, shrimp seedling are put in a suitable place to breed:
The pond A puts the 1/5-2/5 that the last week adds water to pond depth in a suitable place to breed in shrimp seedling, but is no more than the height of eyebright, shrimp seedling
Specification be 100-200 tail/kilogram, breeding density be 25-35 kgs/acre；
1-3-2-2, daily management:
1-3-2-2-1, feed are fed:
After shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, animal fodder or farmers''s feed or cray Special artificial mixed feed, animal fodder are thrown daily
For trash fish and/or spiral shell freshwater mussel meat, the amount percentage composition of thick protein is 28%-30% in cray artifical compound feed, and farmers' raises
Material is one of bean dregs, grouts, wheat bran and rice bran, or any several combination, animal fodder, farmers''s feed and small dragon
Shrimp Special artificial mixed feed is alternately fed every other day, and feeding volume is the 4%-6% for depositing shrimp total amount, feeds 2 times daily, Feeding time
Respectively morning, dusk, the feeding volume of dusk are the 65%-75% of day feeding volume；
1-3-2-2-2, other management:
Shrimp seedling will keep water quality in the pond A pure and fresh after putting in a suitable place to breed, holding water quality transparency is 30-40cm, when water quality is excessively thin, i.e.,
When water quality transparency is greater than 50cm, applies fertilizer 1-2 times, apply 3-5 kgs/acre of urea every time, 3-5 kgs/acre of phosphate fertilizer, every 7-10 days
Fertilising 1 time when that is, transparency is less than 25cm, should inject fresh water regulating water quality when water quality overfertilization immediately；
In spring current year, depth of water control cannot flood eyebright in the height for being lower than eyebright in the pond A；
The fishing of 1-4, cray:
After shrimp seedling puts 30-40 days in a suitable place to breed, start Catchable size and listed up to 8 centimetres or more at shrimp, when fishing catch stay greatly it is small, in 7 months
It catches and finishes before ten days；
1-5, blueness is flooded
Water level is added water in the pond A weekly and increases 5-10 centimetres April current year, but water cannot flood eyebright completely,
Current year is by the end of June, at the end of cray fishing at the beginning of 7 months, increase water level to flooding eyebright completely；
The cultivation of 1-6, mandarin fish:
The cultivation of 1-6-1, mandarin fish fingerling:
The cultivation of 1-6-1-1, bait fish:
In the pond B, to fishing for young shrimps after, carried out disinfection with quick lime, the dosage of quick lime is 50-60 kilograms/per acre, one
Organic fertilizer after week, amount of application are 200-300 kgs/acre, put dace spray, breeding density 200- in a suitable place to breed mid-May current year
3000000 tails/mu feed soya-bean milk after putting in a suitable place to breed, the daily dosage of soya bean is 5-8 kgs/acre, feed daily twice, morning 9-10 point, under
Noon 2-3 point is respectively fed once；When it is 2-3cm that dace spray, which grows up to specification, the smashed powder of dace pellet is fed；
1-6-1-2, mandarin fish fingerling stocking
Early or mid June current year, in the pond B stocking size be 3-5cm mandarin fish fingerling, breeding density be 1200-1500 tail/
Mu, the mandarin fish fingerling put in a suitable place to breed with dace fry be food, the quantity of dace fry significantly reduces after 10-15 days, later every 3 days from
It catches a dace fry in the pond A to be put into the pond B for the predation of mandarin fish fingerling, the dace quantity caught every time is mandarin fish in the pond B
10-15 times of fish quantity；
1-6-2, mandarin fish are formed:
The cultivation of 1-6-2-1, bait fish:
Early or mid May current year puts dace spray in a suitable place to breed in the pond A, and breeding density is ten thousand tails of 110-120/mu, feeds beans after putting in a suitable place to breed
Slurry, the daily dosage of soya bean are 4-5 kgs/acre, are fed daily twice, morning 9-10 point, afternoon, 2-3 point was respectively fed once, worked as dace
Fish and water flower grows up to specification when being 2-3cm, feeds the smashed powder of dace pellet, dace spray grows up to specification greater than 5cm
When, feed the dace pellet that protein quality percentage composition is 26%-30%；It feeds twice daily, morning 9-10 point, under
Noon 2-3 point is respectively fed once, and feeding volume is the 3%-5% of all dace weight in pond；
1-6-2-2, mandarin fish fingerling are put in a suitable place to breed:
Mid or late July current year will put in a suitable place to breed in the pond A after the mandarin fish fingerling fishing in the pond B, and the specification of mandarin fish fingerling is 50-
100 grams/fish, breeding density is 350-450 tail/mu；
The daily management that 1-6-3, mandarin fish cultivate:
1-6-3-1, water quality adjustment:
It is primary every the 7-10 days new water of filling after mandarin fish fingerling stocking in the pond B, it is filled to water level every time and increases 5-10cm；Together
When so that the pond the B depth of water is kept 1.5-2m, transparency is maintained at 35-40cm；
In the pond A, July current year, the pond the A depth of water is kept for 2 meters or more, and transparency is maintained at 35-40cm；
In the pond A, in the high temperature season of month current year 7-9, improvement water quality is carried out every 20 days full pool spilling head quick lime 1 time, is splashed
Amount is 20-30kg/ mus, and per two weeks supplements fresh water 1 time, is filled to water level every time and increases 15-20cm, pond configures power
For 2500-3000 watts of aerator, fine day is encountered, noon starts 1.5-2.5 hour of aerator, encounters overcast and rainy or low pressure day
Gas, midnight starts aerator until dawn sunrise；
1-6-3-2, controlling disease:
In the pond B, in the mandarin fish nurture of fish fingerlings stage, when trichodinasis occurs in mandarin fish fingerling, with copper sulphate and ferrous sulfate 5: 2
Mixture full pool spilling head, the amount of splashing are 0.7mg/L water body, are used in conjunction two days；1-2 days after copper sulphate and mixture of ferrous sulfate are splashed
Interior full pool spilling head povidone iodine, in terms of available iodine, the amount of splashing is 4.5-7.5 milli grams m3, per half a month use a microorganism system
Agent；
By regulating water quality in the pond A, disease does not occur；
The fishing of 1-6-4, mandarin fish:
After October current year, start to catch mandarin fish listing.
2. the feeding method of company of two ponds mating seed self-fertile cray and mandarin fish according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
In rapid 1-2-2, the material of escaping-preventing facilities is plastic film or asbestos shingle.
3. the feeding method of company of two ponds mating seed self-fertile cray and mandarin fish according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
In rapid 1-3-2-1, before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, shrimp seedling is embathed 3-5 minutes with the saline solution that mass percentage concentration is 3%, embathes completion
It is eluted three times with the water in the pond A afterwards.
4. the feeding method of company of two ponds mating seed self-fertile cray and mandarin fish according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
In rapid 1-3-2-1, when shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, the morning and evening of fine day or rainy days is selected to launch, and the region luxuriant in phytal zone eyebright
Branch is uniformly launched.
5. the feeding method of company of two ponds mating seed self-fertile cray and mandarin fish according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
In rapid 1-3-2-2-2, it is also necessary to remove carnivority fish, prevent the natural enemy of cray from entering pond, it is quick to be forbidden to use cray
The fish medicine preventing and curing of fish disease of sense is forbidden to use ammonium hydroxide, carbon ammonia is eyebright top dressing.
6. the feeding method of company of two ponds mating seed self-fertile cray and mandarin fish according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
In rapid 1-6-2-2, sterilized 4-6 minutes before mandarin fish fingerling stocking with the salt solution that mass percentage is 3%.
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| CN111406681A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2020-07-14 | 许惠忠 | Early-stage management method for putting shrimp and crab seeds |
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