CN106472244B - Hydraulic driving tree transplanting machine - Google Patents
Hydraulic driving tree transplanting machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN106472244B CN106472244B CN201610853828.0A CN201610853828A CN106472244B CN 106472244 B CN106472244 B CN 106472244B CN 201610853828 A CN201610853828 A CN 201610853828A CN 106472244 B CN106472244 B CN 106472244B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012356 Product development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/06—Uprooting or pulling up trees; Extracting or eliminating stumps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
- A01G23/043—Transplanting devices for grasping, undercutting or transporting the root ball
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Transplanting Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulically-driven tree transplanting machine. Mainly comprises a power assembly, a traction mechanism, a walking lifting assembly, a tree digging shovel assembly and a digging chassis. The power assembly mainly comprises an oil tank, a hydraulic element, a diesel engine, a hydraulic crawler chassis and a hydraulic pump; the walking lifting assembly mainly comprises walking wheels, supporting legs and a hydraulic cylinder; the tree digging shovel assembly mainly comprises a keel type arc shovel blade, a hydraulic cylinder, a keel and a self-lubricating track; the excavating chassis mainly comprises an opening and closing support, an annular support, a turning hydraulic cylinder, a spiral fixing device and an opening and closing hydraulic cylinder. The walking lifting assembly and the digging chassis form a main body of the transplanter together, the power assembly is connected with the main body of the transplanter in a hanging mode through the traction mechanism and provides power for walking of the transplanter and each execution hydraulic cylinder, and the tree digging shovel assembly is installed on the digging chassis. The invention takes 6 arc-shaped tree shovels as digging parts, the maximum diameter at breast height of the transplanted trunk is more than 20cm, and the invention has the capabilities of digging soil balls, lifting trees and carrying in forest.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hydraulically-driven tree transplanting machine, which is used for tree transplanting operation in nursery gardens and mountainous regions, has the capabilities of digging soil balls, lifting trees and carrying trees in forest lands, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural and forestry machinery.
Background
The tree transplanting machine with medium thickness has huge application prospect and market potential, and many colleges and universities and enterprises are successively put into the research and product development of the key technology of the tree transplanting equipment. However, the existing tree transplanting machine cannot be well applied in practice, and in general, the following problems mainly exist:
(1) although the large and medium-sized tree mover can complete a series of transplanting operations such as digging, pilling, carrying, planting and the like, the volume and the weight of equipment are large, the forest trafficability is poor, the price is about 10-30 ten thousand, and the equipment is difficult to bear in a common forest farm. As garden nurseries in China are mostly reconstructed from fields without unified area planning, large planting density, lack of mechanical working roads and the like, if trees in the forest or in the middle of the nurseries are to be transplanted, the tree mover can not be operated at all. And the maximum size of soil balls dug by the large and medium-sized tree digging machines is more than 100 cm, and the transplanting cost is increased for trees with the transplanting soil ball diameter being required to be less than 100 cm.
(2) The portable tree mover has the advantages of small device volume, low cost, convenient operation, capability of digging trees in narrow space and on the mountain land, and the like. However, the existing portable tree mover still needs manual handheld operation (the weight of the machine is 15-20 Kg), the defects of high labor intensity, low operation efficiency, poor reliability of the machine, difficulty in dealing with stones in tree roots and soil, irregular digging soil balls and the like exist, and the practical problems of tree lifting, forest carrying and the like cannot be solved by the portable tree mover.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a hydraulic driving tree transplanting machine which is low in manufacturing cost, simple in structure, reliable in work, time-saving and labor-saving.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
the invention comprises a power assembly, a traction mechanism, a walking lifting assembly, a tree digging shovel assembly and a digging chassis. The four walking lifting assemblies and the digging chassis jointly form a main body of the transplanter, the six tree digging shovel assemblies are installed on the digging chassis, the power assembly is connected with the main body of the transplanter in a hanging mode through the traction mechanism, two sets of independent walking systems are adopted, the structure of the whole transplanter is simplified, the hydraulic crawler belt provides traction power, and the field trafficability is improved.
The walking lifting assembly mainly comprises walking wheels, supporting legs and a hydraulic cylinder, and adopts an integrated structural design of a walking wheel frame and a lifting mechanism. One supporting point of the four walking wheel frames is connected with a hydraulic cylinder piston, the other supporting point is connected with the excavating chassis, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the frame. On one hand, the walking wheel frame can rotate around the fixed pivot in a reciprocating way by a certain angle under the pushing of the hydraulic cylinder to drive the walking wheel to open or close, so that the lifting and descending of the excavating chassis are realized. On the other hand, the required soil ball diameters of trees with different specifications and varieties are different, and the height of the excavating chassis from the ground can be adjusted by controlling the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the transplanting operation with different soil ball diameters and different depths can be completed.
Dig tree shovel assembly mainly include fossil fragments formula arc spiller, pneumatic cylinder, fossil fragments, self-lubricating track, install on excavating the chassis through the track connecting seat. Keel type arc shovel knives are formed by welding two keels on the inner side of an arc shovel, arc grooves are sequentially formed in the keels, a segmented excavation operation mode is adopted, a hydraulic cylinder with a stroke being half of the excavation depth is selected to be installed on the inner side of the keel, and a piston of the hydraulic cylinder is clamped between the two keels.
The excavating chassis mainly comprises an opening and closing support, an annular support, a turning hydraulic cylinder, a spiral fixing device and an opening and closing hydraulic cylinder. Two opening and closing supports are arranged at the rear end of the excavating chassis, and can rotate for a certain angle around the fixed hinged point under the action of the opening and closing hydraulic cylinders, so that trees enter or move out of the annular support, and a tree excavating shovel assembly is arranged on the annular support. The excavating chassis is hinged on the walking lifting assembly and can rotate back and forth between vertical and horizontal directions under the action of the turning hydraulic cylinder.
The gain effect brought by the invention is as follows: realizes the mechanized transplantation of trees. (1) On the whole function, the transplanter can complete the operations of earth ball excavation, tree lifting and forest carrying; (2) in equipment research, the transplanter can adapt to a complex field operation environment, an optimal digging part is designed, sufficient power is provided, the reliability of the whole machine is ensured, the production cost is reduced, and the tree transplanting efficiency and the survival rate are improved; (3) in practical use, the tree transplanting machine can enter fields and forests for operation, and has good operability and trafficability characteristic, so that the transplanting efficiency is ensured, and the transplanting cost is reduced.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a front view of a hydraulically driven tree transplanting machine during walking.
Fig. 2 is a view of a hydraulically driven tree transplanter.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the hydraulically driven tree transplanting machine during operation.
FIG. 4 is a tree shovel assembly.
In the figure: (1) a power assembly (2) traction mechanism (3) walking lifting assembly (4) digs a tree shovel assembly (5), an excavating chassis (11), a hydraulic oil tank (12), a hydraulic element (13), a diesel engine (14), a hydraulic track (15), a hydraulic pump (21), a traction mechanism (22), a connecting rod (23), a movable fulcrum (31), a walking wheel (32), a supporting leg (33), a hydraulic cylinder (41), an arc shovel blade (42), a hydraulic cylinder (43), a keel (44), a self-lubricating track (51), an opening and closing support (52), an annular support (53), a turning hydraulic cylinder (54) and a spiral fixing device (55) open and close the oil cylinder.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the hydraulic drive tree transplanting machine comprises a power assembly 1, a traction mechanism 2, a walking lifting assembly 3, a tree digging shovel assembly 4 and a digging chassis 5. 4 walking lift assemblies and excavation chassis constitute the transplanter main part jointly, and 6 dig the tree shovel assembly and install on excavation chassis, and the power assembly passes through drive mechanism with the transplanter main part and articulates, adopts two sets of independent traveling system, has simplified complete machine structure, provides traction power by the hydraulic pressure track, has increased the field trafficability characteristic.
As shown in fig. 2, the power assembly mainly includes a hydraulic oil tank 11, a hydraulic component 12, a diesel engine 13, a hydraulic track 14, and a hydraulic pump 15; the excavating chassis mainly comprises an opening and closing support 51, an annular support 52, a turning hydraulic cylinder 53, a spiral fixing device 54 and an opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 55. The rear end of the excavating chassis is provided with 2 opening and closing supports, and the opening and closing supports can rotate for a certain angle around the fixed hinged point under the action of the opening and closing hydraulic cylinders, so that trees enter or are removed from the annular support. The excavating chassis is hinged on the walking lifting assembly and can rotate back and forth between vertical and horizontal directions under the action of the turning hydraulic cylinder. Be equipped with 4 spiral fixing device on excavating the chassis, when carrying out the excavation operation, hydraulic motor drives the hob and twists into soil, realizes the fixed of transplanter main part.
As shown in fig. 3, the walking and lifting assembly mainly includes a walking wheel 31, a leg 32, and a hydraulic cylinder 33, and adopts an integrated structure design of a walking wheel frame and a lifting mechanism. One supporting point of the 4 walking wheel frames is connected with a hydraulic cylinder piston, the other supporting point is connected with the excavating chassis, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the frame. On one hand, the walking wheel frame can rotate around a fixed pivot in a reciprocating mode for a certain angle under the pushing of the hydraulic cylinder so as to drive the walking wheels to open or close, and therefore the lifting and descending of the excavating chassis are achieved.
As shown in fig. 4, the tree-digging shovel assembly mainly comprises a keel type arc-shaped shovel blade 41, a hydraulic cylinder 42, a keel 43 and a self-lubricating track 44, and is installed on the digging chassis through a track connecting seat. Keel type arc shovel knives weld 2 keels inside the arc shovel, arc grooves are formed in the keels in sequence, a segmented excavation operation mode is adopted, a hydraulic cylinder with a stroke equal to half of the excavation depth is selected to be installed inside the keels, and a piston of the hydraulic cylinder is clamped between the two keels.
The working process of the invention is as follows: the power assembly is connected with the transplanter body in a hanging mode through a traction mechanism 21 and a connecting rod 22, the joint of the traction mechanism and the transplanter body is a movable fulcrum 23, the power assembly provides field walking power for the transplanter through a hydraulic crawler, and transplanting operation power is provided for a hydraulic cylinder through a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic element and a hydraulic oil way. After the transplanter arrives at a designated operation place, the center of the annular support is aligned with the tree to be transplanted, the opening and closing support is opened through the opening and closing oil cylinder, the tree enters the annular support, and then the opening and closing support is closed. Then, a hydraulic cylinder piston in the walking lifting assembly is unloaded, and the walking wheel carrier is driven to rotate a certain angle around a fixed fulcrum under the action of the gravity of the whole machine so as to be unfolded, so that the rack is lowered to the ground. At the moment, 4 spiral fixing devices on the digging chassis screw the spiral rods into the soil, so as to realize the fixation of the transplanter body. After the device is ready, all hydraulic oil paths except the hydraulic cylinder of the tree shovel are locked, and the 6 arc tree shovels are pushed by the hydraulic cylinder to excavate earth balls in a segmented mode. After the soil ball is excavated, the screw rod is rotated reversely to release the fixation, and the hydraulic cylinder in the walking lifting assembly is pushed to enable the walking wheel carrier to rotate reversely by the same angle around the fixed pivot, so that the tree is lifted. And finally, pushing a left hydraulic cylinder and a right hydraulic cylinder in the excavating chassis to vertically turn the annular support and the trees by 90 degrees so as to reduce the height of the annular support and further carry the trees to the tractor-ploughed road through the tractor head.
Claims (1)
1. The hydraulically driven tree transplanting machine comprises a power assembly, a traction mechanism, a walking lifting assembly, a tree digging shovel assembly and a digging chassis; the method is characterized in that: the four walking lifting assemblies and the excavating chassis jointly form a main body of the transplanter, the six tree digging shovel assemblies are arranged on the excavating chassis, the power assembly is connected with the main body of the transplanter in a hanging mode through a traction mechanism, two sets of independent walking systems are adopted, traction power is provided by a hydraulic crawler belt, and field trafficability is improved;
the walking lifting assembly mainly comprises walking wheels, supporting legs and a hydraulic cylinder, and adopts an integrated structural design of a walking wheel carrier and a lifting mechanism; one fulcrum of the four walking wheel frames is connected with a hydraulic cylinder piston, the other fulcrum is connected with the excavating chassis, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the frame; on one hand, the walking wheel frame can rotate around a fixed pivot in a reciprocating manner for a certain angle under the pushing of a hydraulic cylinder to drive the walking wheels to open or close, so that the lifting and the descending of the excavating chassis are realized; on the other hand, aiming at different soil ball diameters required by trees with different specifications and varieties, the height of the excavating chassis from the ground can be adjusted by controlling the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder, so that transplanting operations with different soil ball diameters and different depths are completed;
the tree digging shovel assembly mainly comprises a keel type arc shovel blade, a hydraulic cylinder and a keel, and is arranged on the digging chassis through a track connecting seat; the keel type arc shovel blade is characterized in that two keels are welded on the inner side of an arc shovel, arc grooves are sequentially formed in the keels, a segmented excavation operation mode is adopted, a hydraulic cylinder with a stroke being half of an excavation depth is installed on the inner side of each keel, and a piston of the hydraulic cylinder is clamped between the two keels;
the excavating chassis mainly comprises an opening and closing support, an annular support, a turning hydraulic cylinder, a spiral fixing device and an opening and closing hydraulic cylinder; the rear end of the excavating chassis is provided with two opening and closing supports, the opening and closing supports can rotate for a certain angle around the fixed hinged point under the action of an opening and closing hydraulic cylinder, so that trees enter or move out of the annular support, and the annular support is provided with a tree excavating shovel assembly; the excavating chassis is hinged on the walking lifting assembly and can rotate back and forth between vertical and horizontal directions under the action of the turning hydraulic cylinder; four spiral fixing devices are arranged on the excavating chassis, and when excavating operation is carried out, the hydraulic motor drives the spiral rod to be screwed into soil, so that the main body of the transplanter is fixed;
the transplanting process of the transplanter comprises the following steps:
after the transplanter arrives at a designated operation place, the center of the annular bracket is aligned with the tree to be transplanted, the opening and closing bracket is opened through the opening and closing hydraulic cylinder to enable the tree to enter the annular bracket, and then the opening and closing bracket is closed; then, unloading a hydraulic cylinder piston in the walking lifting assembly, and driving a walking wheel carrier to rotate a certain angle around a fixed fulcrum to unfold the walking wheel carrier under the action of the gravity of the whole machine so as to enable the rack to descend to the ground; at the moment, the four spiral fixing devices on the excavating chassis screw the spiral rods into the soil to realize the fixation of the main body of the transplanter;
after the tree digging device is ready, all hydraulic oil paths except the hydraulic cylinder of the tree digging shovel are locked, the six arc-shaped shoveling knives excavate the soil balls in sections under the pushing of the hydraulic cylinder, after the excavation of the soil balls is completed, the screw rods are rotated reversely to release the fixation, the hydraulic cylinder in the walking lifting assembly is pushed to enable the walking wheel carrier to rotate reversely by the same angle around the fixed fulcrum, and the lifting of the trees is completed;
and finally, pushing a left hydraulic cylinder and a right hydraulic cylinder in the excavating chassis to vertically turn the annular support and the tree by 90 degrees so as to reduce the height of the annular support.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610853828.0A CN106472244B (en) | 2016-09-28 | 2016-09-28 | Hydraulic driving tree transplanting machine |
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| CN201610853828.0A CN106472244B (en) | 2016-09-28 | 2016-09-28 | Hydraulic driving tree transplanting machine |
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| CN106472244A CN106472244A (en) | 2017-03-08 |
| CN106472244B true CN106472244B (en) | 2022-06-28 |
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| CN203985325U (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-12-10 | 安徽雷沃机械设备有限公司 | A kind of crawler type tree mover |
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